Minja Kim Choe
Biographic Data
| ID | 286667 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Minja Kim Choe |
| GIVEN NAMES | Minja Kim |
| FAMILY NAME | Choe |
| SIGNATURE | CHOE M K |
| AFFILIATIONS | East–West Center |
| ORCID | 0009-0000-4833-9327 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 36 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 427 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Réseau social et évolutions de la famille au Japon: Un Nouvel Examen
En utilisant les données des enquêtes nationales de 2000 et 2009 sur les conditions familiales et économiques au Japon, cet article examine la relation entre le fait de connaître une personne adoptant des comportements familiaux « innovants » - tels que la cohabitation, les rapports sexuels hors mariage ou le recours à des modes de garde formels des enfants par les mères qui travaillent - et les attitudes envers de tels comportements. Les recherc…
Low Fertility, Institutions, and their Policies
Low Fertility, Institutions, and Their Policies: Variations Across Industrialized Countries
The Emergence of Two Distinct Fertility Regimes in Economically Advanced Countries
Do low survey response rates bias results? Evidence from Japan
In developed countries, response rates have dropped to such low levels that many in the population field question whether the data can provide unbiased results
Nontraditional Family-Related Attitudes in Japan: Macro and Micro Determinants
Attitudinal data are commonly used to measure values, which in turn represent moral doctrines that are resistant to change and are the foundation for societal norms. This article examines changes in the attitudinal climate in Japan. Three national surveys (1994, 2000, and 2009) are used to examine a range of attitudes that measure a) the centrality of marriage and childbearing, b) nontraditional family behaviors, and c) gender roles in the work a…
Multidimensional Life Table Estimation of the Total Fertility Rate and Its Components
Using discrete-time survival models of parity progression and illustrative data from the Philippines, this article develops a multivariate multidimensional life table of nuptiality and fertility, the dimensions of which are age, parity, and duration in parity. The measures calculated from this life table include total fertility rate (TRF), total marital fertility rate (TMFR), parity progression ratios (PPR), age-specific fertility rates, mean and…
Employment and household tasks of Japanese couples, 1994-2009
The paper examines changes in the relationship between employment and household tasks of Japanese couples, using data drawn from national cross-sectional surveys in 1994, 2000 and 2009 of persons aged 20-49 and from the 2009 follow-up of the 2000 survey. Wives' employment is structured by their husbands' employment time and earning power, as well as by their family situations including the presence and age of children and coresidence with parents…
Effects of population policy and economic reform on the trend in fertility in Guangdong province, China, 1975-2005
An analysis of data mainly from China's 1990 and 2000 censuses and 2005 mini-census shows how fertility decline between 1975 and 2005 in the province of Guangdong has been influenced by both fertility policy and economic and social development. Guangdong's development since 1975 has been very rapid and has attracted huge numbers of migrants from other provinces. The analysis of the province's fertility trend from 1975 shows clearly the influence …
Province-Level Variation in the Achievement of Below-Replacement Fertility in China
The first part of this paper describes, for China, province-level variation in the year in which below-replacement fertility was achieved. The second part, also based on province-level data, is a multivariate analysis of the effects of (1) fertility policy, and (2) economic and social development on fertility in the year 2000. In 1975, only two provinces—Beijing and Shanghai—had below-replacement fertility, but by 2000, 29 out of 31 provinces had…
The Contribution of Education to South Korea's Fertility Decline to ‘Lowest-Low’ Level
This paper examines the rapid fall of South Korea's fertility to lowest-low level, focusing on rising levels of education as a contributing cause. The fall occurred mainly because of major declines in parity progression from woman's own birth to first birth and from first to second birth, combined with major postponement of first births accounted for mainly by major increases in age at first marriage. A decomposition analysis indicates that chang…
The Institutional Context of Low Fertility: The case of Japan
Japan's very low fertility is set in the context of the ‘marriage package’ faced by never-married young people. The competition between the unmarried lifestyle and the traditional package of marital roles has led to delays in marriage and childbearing. The marriage package is discussed in terms of levels of and preferences for wife's education and employment, the division of household labor, the changing nature of marriage, and the rising risk of…
The effects of individual- and community-level knowledge, beliefs, and fear on stigmatization of people living with HIV/Aids in China
This paper assesses the effects of individual- and community-level knowledge of HIV transmission, beliefs and fear of infection on individual attitudes toward and willingness to interact with people living with HIV/AIDS in China. Data are from a sample survey of 12,270 men and women age 15-49 from seven provinces/municipalities. The survey was conducted by the Population and Family Planning Commission in December 2003. Multilevel regression analy…
Pregnancy Wastage among Married Women in South Korea
This paper reviews the role of induced abortions in the fertility decline in South Korea and estimates the covariates of type of pregnancy termination in recent years. The use of induced abortions have played an important role in fertility control in South Korea, even under nearly universal access to contraceptive services and restrictive law on induced abortions. Among pregnancies of women in reproductive ages in 2003, 23 per cent ended in induc…
Early Marriage and Early Motherhood in Nepal
This paper examines age patterns of first marriage and motherhood and covariates of early marriage, delayed consummation of marriage and early motherhood in Nepal using data from the 2000 Nepal Adolescent and Young Adult Survey (NAYA). Both unmarried and married male and female youths (age 14–22) were included in the survey. The analysis is based on 2800 urban youths and 5075 rural youths with complete information on the variables examined. Propo…
Is the Gender Division of Labour Changing in Japan
The paper examines potential changes in housework and employment among married couples in Japan. The data are from national surveys in 1994 and 2000 of persons aged 20–49. Wives’ housework hours decreased and the proportion of husbands doing any housework increased. A majority of wives are employed, many work full-time and husbands work long hours and many return home late in the evening. While wives do less housework if they are employed, husban…
How Far Has Fertility in China Really Declined
According to births in the last year as reported in China's 2000 census, the total fertility rate (TFR) in the year 2000 in China was 1.22 children per woman. This estimate is widely considered to be too low, primarily because some women who had out-of-quota births according to China's one-child family policy did not report those births to the census enumerator. Analysis of fertility trends derived by applying the own-children method of fertility…
The teen tobacco epidemic in Asia: Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, and Thailand
This paperxs examines the prevalence of smoking, the age pattern of initiation of smoking, and factors associated with current smoking status among 15–19 year olds in five Asian societies, using data from large‐scale youth surveys. The life‐table method is used to examine the age pattern of initiation of smoking and logistic regression is used to examine factors associated with current smoking status. Smoking prevalence is high among boys but ver…
Social Networks and Family Change in Japan
Japan, unlike most Western countries, has not experienced several components of the second demographic transition, including cohabitation, widespread use of childcare centers, unmarried childbearing, and nonmarriage. Yet there is evidence that Japan is ripe for change in such family behaviors. This article examines a set of innovative questions related to knowing individuals who have engaged in these behaviors by type of relationship (sibling, ot…
The Changing Family in Comparative Perspective: Asia and the United States
The Impact of Family Planning Service Provision on Contraceptive‐use Dynamics in Morocco
This article uses linked data from the 1995 Morocco DHS calendar and the 1992 Morocco DHS service‐availability module to study the effect of service environment on contraceptive discontinuation, switching, and adoption of a modern method following a birth. The 1995 Morocco DHS also collected information on the source of supply for each episode of use of a modern method recorded in the calendar, allowing study of the association between the source…
Son Preference, the Family-building Process and Child Mortality in India
India is a country with a pervasive preference for sons and one of the highest levels of excess child mortality for girls in the world (child mortality for girls exceeds child mortality for boys by 43 per cent). In this article, data from the National Family Health Survey are used to examine the effect of son preference on parity progression and ultimately on child mortality. The demographic effects of family composition are estimated with hazard…
A mixture model for duration data: Analysis of second births in China
In this paper we introduce a mixture model in which we combine logistic regression and piecewise proportional hazards models for analysis of duration data. The model allows simultaneous estimation of two sets of effects of covariates: one of the probability of an event and the other of the timing of the event. We illustrate the application of the model through an analysis of the effects of women s characteristics and of the acceptance of a one-ch…
Effects of gender, birth order, and other correlates on childhood mortality in China
Using data from the 1988 Two-Per-Thousand Survey of Fertility and Birth Control, this paper examines the effects of gender, birth order, and other correlates of childhood mortality in China. Controlling for family-level factors, childhood mortality is found to be associated with the child's gender and birth order. Among firstborn children the difference between male and female childhood mortality is not statistically significant, but among others…
Leaving the Parental Home: Census-based Estimates for China, Japan, South Korea, United States, France, and Sweden
Using the iterative intra-cohort interpolation procedure, this article tries to remedy the lack of data on home-leaving by providing an international comparison of estimated census-based single-year age-specific net rates of leaving home for males and females in China, Japan, South Korea, United States, France, and Sweden. It demonstrates that large differences in the age pattern of leaving the parental home between the East Asian and the Western…
Son Preference, the Family-building Process and Child Mortality in India
India is a country with a pervasive preference for sons and one of the highest levels of excess child mortality for girls in the world (child mortality for girls exceeds child mortality for boys by 43 per cent). In this article, data from the National Family Health Survey are used to examine the effect of son preference on parity progression and ultimately on child mortality. The demographic effects of family composition are estimated with hazard…
Social Networks and Family Change in Japan
Japan, unlike most Western countries, has not experienced several components of the second demographic transition, including cohabitation, widespread use of childcare centers, unmarried childbearing, and nonmarriage. Yet there is evidence that Japan is ripe for change in such family behaviors. This article examines a set of innovative questions related to knowing individuals who have engaged in these behaviors by type of relationship (sibling, ot…
The Institutional Context of Low Fertility: The case of Japan
Japan's very low fertility is set in the context of the ‘marriage package’ faced by never-married young people. The competition between the unmarried lifestyle and the traditional package of marital roles has led to delays in marriage and childbearing. The marriage package is discussed in terms of levels of and preferences for wife's education and employment, the division of household labor, the changing nature of marriage, and the rising risk of…
Nontraditional Family-Related Attitudes in Japan: Macro and Micro Determinants
Attitudinal data are commonly used to measure values, which in turn represent moral doctrines that are resistant to change and are the foundation for societal norms. This article examines changes in the attitudinal climate in Japan. Three national surveys (1994, 2000, and 2009) are used to examine a range of attitudes that measure a) the centrality of marriage and childbearing, b) nontraditional family behaviors, and c) gender roles in the work a…
The Emergence of Two Distinct Fertility Regimes in Economically Advanced Countries
How Far Has Fertility in China Really Declined
According to births in the last year as reported in China's 2000 census, the total fertility rate (TFR) in the year 2000 in China was 1.22 children per woman. This estimate is widely considered to be too low, primarily because some women who had out-of-quota births according to China's one-child family policy did not report those births to the census enumerator. Analysis of fertility trends derived by applying the own-children method of fertility…
The Contribution of Education to South Korea's Fertility Decline to ‘Lowest-Low’ Level
This paper examines the rapid fall of South Korea's fertility to lowest-low level, focusing on rising levels of education as a contributing cause. The fall occurred mainly because of major declines in parity progression from woman's own birth to first birth and from first to second birth, combined with major postponement of first births accounted for mainly by major increases in age at first marriage. A decomposition analysis indicates that chang…
Is the Gender Division of Labour Changing in Japan
The paper examines potential changes in housework and employment among married couples in Japan. The data are from national surveys in 1994 and 2000 of persons aged 20–49. Wives’ housework hours decreased and the proportion of husbands doing any housework increased. A majority of wives are employed, many work full-time and husbands work long hours and many return home late in the evening. While wives do less housework if they are employed, husban…
Leaving the Parental Home: Census-based Estimates for China, Japan, South Korea, United States, France, and Sweden
Using the iterative intra-cohort interpolation procedure, this article tries to remedy the lack of data on home-leaving by providing an international comparison of estimated census-based single-year age-specific net rates of leaving home for males and females in China, Japan, South Korea, United States, France, and Sweden. It demonstrates that large differences in the age pattern of leaving the parental home between the East Asian and the Western…
Employment and household tasks of Japanese couples, 1994-2009
The paper examines changes in the relationship between employment and household tasks of Japanese couples, using data drawn from national cross-sectional surveys in 1994, 2000 and 2009 of persons aged 20-49 and from the 2009 follow-up of the 2000 survey. Wives' employment is structured by their husbands' employment time and earning power, as well as by their family situations including the presence and age of children and coresidence with parents…
Do low survey response rates bias results? Evidence from Japan
In developed countries, response rates have dropped to such low levels that many in the population field question whether the data can provide unbiased results
The Impact of Family Planning Service Provision on Contraceptive‐use Dynamics in Morocco
This article uses linked data from the 1995 Morocco DHS calendar and the 1992 Morocco DHS service‐availability module to study the effect of service environment on contraceptive discontinuation, switching, and adoption of a modern method following a birth. The 1995 Morocco DHS also collected information on the source of supply for each episode of use of a modern method recorded in the calendar, allowing study of the association between the source…
A mixture model for duration data: Analysis of second births in China
In this paper we introduce a mixture model in which we combine logistic regression and piecewise proportional hazards models for analysis of duration data. The model allows simultaneous estimation of two sets of effects of covariates: one of the probability of an event and the other of the timing of the event. We illustrate the application of the model through an analysis of the effects of women s characteristics and of the acceptance of a one-ch…
Why Do Chinese Women Practice Contraception? The Case of Rural Jilin Province
The effect of infant death on subsequent fertility in Korea and the role of family planning
This paper studies the effect of infant death on subsequent fertility in a developing country, examining spacing of children and additional births following the survival or death of the preceding infant. The material is provided by the 1971 National Fertility Survey of Korea, 23,635 retrospective birth records of 6,285 women. The findings suggest that prior to the introduction of a national family planning program, the influence of infant death w…
Province-Level Variation in the Achievement of Below-Replacement Fertility in China
The first part of this paper describes, for China, province-level variation in the year in which below-replacement fertility was achieved. The second part, also based on province-level data, is a multivariate analysis of the effects of (1) fertility policy, and (2) economic and social development on fertility in the year 2000. In 1975, only two provinces—Beijing and Shanghai—had below-replacement fertility, but by 2000, 29 out of 31 provinces had…
Infant Mortality Trends and Differentials in Nepal
Infant mortality trends and differentials are estimated from the 1981 Nepal Contraceptive Prevalence Survey (NCPS) and compared with similar estimates from the 1976 Nepal Fertility Survey (NFS) and the 1981 Census of Nepal. The analysis indicates that infant mortality rates derived directly from the NFS maternity histories are the most accurate. Infant mortality rates derived directly from the NCPS maternity histories are severely underestimated …
Pregnancy Wastage among Married Women in South Korea
This paper reviews the role of induced abortions in the fertility decline in South Korea and estimates the covariates of type of pregnancy termination in recent years. The use of induced abortions have played an important role in fertility control in South Korea, even under nearly universal access to contraceptive services and restrictive law on induced abortions. Among pregnancies of women in reproductive ages in 2003, 23 per cent ended in induc…
The teen tobacco epidemic in Asia: Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, and Thailand
This paperxs examines the prevalence of smoking, the age pattern of initiation of smoking, and factors associated with current smoking status among 15–19 year olds in five Asian societies, using data from large‐scale youth surveys. The life‐table method is used to examine the age pattern of initiation of smoking and logistic regression is used to examine factors associated with current smoking status. Smoking prevalence is high among boys but ver…
Evaluation of Contraceptive History Data in the Republic of Korea
The consistency of retrospective and current status data on contraceptive use from a series of national fertility surveys carried out during the 1970s in Korea is investigated. Aggregate consistency is examined among random samples from the same cohort or cohorts of women interviewed in each survey. The results indicate that estimates of trends in contraceptive use from a retrospective history in one survey, or from cross-sectional estimates in a…
Effects of population policy and economic reform on the trend in fertility in Guangdong province, China, 1975-2005
An analysis of data mainly from China's 1990 and 2000 censuses and 2005 mini-census shows how fertility decline between 1975 and 2005 in the province of Guangdong has been influenced by both fertility policy and economic and social development. Guangdong's development since 1975 has been very rapid and has attracted huge numbers of migrants from other provinces. The analysis of the province's fertility trend from 1975 shows clearly the influence …
Effects of gender, birth order, and other correlates on childhood mortality in China
Using data from the 1988 Two-Per-Thousand Survey of Fertility and Birth Control, this paper examines the effects of gender, birth order, and other correlates of childhood mortality in China. Controlling for family-level factors, childhood mortality is found to be associated with the child's gender and birth order. Among firstborn children the difference between male and female childhood mortality is not statistically significant, but among others…
Réseau social et évolutions de la famille au Japon: Un Nouvel Examen
En utilisant les données des enquêtes nationales de 2000 et 2009 sur les conditions familiales et économiques au Japon, cet article examine la relation entre le fait de connaître une personne adoptant des comportements familiaux « innovants » - tels que la cohabitation, les rapports sexuels hors mariage ou le recours à des modes de garde formels des enfants par les mères qui travaillent - et les attitudes envers de tels comportements. Les recherc…
Multidimensional Life Table Estimation of the Total Fertility Rate and Its Components
Using discrete-time survival models of parity progression and illustrative data from the Philippines, this article develops a multivariate multidimensional life table of nuptiality and fertility, the dimensions of which are age, parity, and duration in parity. The measures calculated from this life table include total fertility rate (TRF), total marital fertility rate (TMFR), parity progression ratios (PPR), age-specific fertility rates, mean and…
Sex differentials in infant and child mortality in Korea
This paper reports on a study of infant and child mortality in the Republic of Korea, a country known for a strong son preference, using the 1974 World Fertility Survey data. When the age-specific probabilities of dying for ages 0 to 5 are compared for male and female children, an unusual pattern of relatively high female mortality is observed. The higher female mortality is more pronounced during childhood than during infancy. Multivariate analy…
The effect of infant death on subsequent fertility in Korea and the role of family planning
This paper studies the effect of infant death on subsequent fertility in a developing country, examining spacing of children and additional births following the survival or death of the preceding infant. The material is provided by the 1971 National Fertility Survey of Korea, 23,635 retrospective birth records of 6,285 women. The findings suggest that prior to the introduction of a national family planning program, the influence of infant death w…
Evaluation of Contraceptive History Data in the Republic of Korea
The consistency of retrospective and current status data on contraceptive use from a series of national fertility surveys carried out during the 1970s in Korea is investigated. Aggregate consistency is examined among random samples from the same cohort or cohorts of women interviewed in each survey. The results indicate that estimates of trends in contraceptive use from a retrospective history in one survey, or from cross-sectional estimates in a…
Infant Mortality Trends and Differentials in Nepal
Infant mortality trends and differentials are estimated from the 1981 Nepal Contraceptive Prevalence Survey (NCPS) and compared with similar estimates from the 1976 Nepal Fertility Survey (NFS) and the 1981 Census of Nepal. The analysis indicates that infant mortality rates derived directly from the NFS maternity histories are the most accurate. Infant mortality rates derived directly from the NCPS maternity histories are severely underestimated …
Sex differentials in infant and child mortality in Korea
This paper reports on a study of infant and child mortality in the Republic of Korea, a country known for a strong son preference, using the 1974 World Fertility Survey data. When the age-specific probabilities of dying for ages 0 to 5 are compared for male and female children, an unusual pattern of relatively high female mortality is observed. The higher female mortality is more pronounced during childhood than during infancy. Multivariate analy…
The Own-Children Method of Fertility Estimation
It is now more than 2 decades since the own-children method of fertility estimation was 1st developed and applied to census data to obtain estimates of differential fertility for the US. The own-children method has become a standard tool in the demographers repertoire of indirect fertility estimation technics; the method has been applied most extensively in Asia Latin America and the US. The own-children method of fertility estimation is a revers…
Ethnic differentials in early childhood mortality in Nepal
This paper investigates the association of early childhood mortality (between birth and second birthday) with ethnicity in Nepal, based on data from the 1976 Nepal Fertility Survey, which was part of the World Fertility Survey. The approach is through a series of hazard models, which incorporate ethnicity, year of birth, mother's illiteracy, father's illiteracy, rural-urban residence, region, sex, maternal age, survival of previous birth, previou…
Contraceptive method choice in the Philippines, 1973–83
Contraceptive use and method mix were analysed using Philippines national survey data of 1973, 1978, and 1983. The analyses suggest that the reported decline in contraceptive prevalence between 1978 and 1983 was due to under-reporting of use in 1973 and 1983. The shifts in contraceptive method mix were also partly from under-reporting of rhythm and other methods in 1973 and 1983. Nevertheless, the determinants of method choice were similar in all…
To what extent does breastfeeding explain Birth-interval effects on early childhood mortality?
This article shows that in Nepal breastfeeding almost completely explains the effects of following birth interval on childhood mortality during the first 18 months of age and partially explains the effect of following birth interval on childhood mortality between 18 and 60 months of age. Breastfeeding does not explain the effect of preceding birth interval on childhood mortality. The analysis is based on an application of hazard models to data fr…
Ethnic Differentials in Early Childhood Mortality in Nepal
This paper investigates the association of early childhood mortality (between birth and second birthday) with ethnicity in Nepal, based on data from the 1976 Nepal Fertility Survey, which was part of the World Fertility Survey. The approach is through a series of hazard models, which incorporate ethnicity, year of birth, mother's illiteracy, father's illiteracy, rural-urban residence, region, sex, maternal age, survival of previous birth, previou…
To What Extent Does Breastfeeding Explain Birth-Interval Effects on Early Childhood Mortality
This article shows that in Nepal breastfeeding almost completely explains the effects of following birth interval on childhood mortality during the first 18 months of age and partially explains the effect of following birth interval on childhood mortality between 18 and 60 months of age. Breastfeeding does not explain the effect of preceding birth interval on childhood mortality. The analysis is based on an application of hazard models to data fr…
Why Do Chinese Women Practice Contraception? The Case of Rural Jilin Province
Leaving the Parental Home: Census-based Estimates for China, Japan, South Korea, United States, France, and Sweden
Using the iterative intra-cohort interpolation procedure, this article tries to remedy the lack of data on home-leaving by providing an international comparison of estimated census-based single-year age-specific net rates of leaving home for males and females in China, Japan, South Korea, United States, France, and Sweden. It demonstrates that large differences in the age pattern of leaving the parental home between the East Asian and the Western…
Effects of gender, birth order, and other correlates on childhood mortality in China
Using data from the 1988 Two-Per-Thousand Survey of Fertility and Birth Control, this paper examines the effects of gender, birth order, and other correlates of childhood mortality in China. Controlling for family-level factors, childhood mortality is found to be associated with the child's gender and birth order. Among firstborn children the difference between male and female childhood mortality is not statistically significant, but among others…
A mixture model for duration data: Analysis of second births in China
In this paper we introduce a mixture model in which we combine logistic regression and piecewise proportional hazards models for analysis of duration data. The model allows simultaneous estimation of two sets of effects of covariates: one of the probability of an event and the other of the timing of the event. We illustrate the application of the model through an analysis of the effects of women s characteristics and of the acceptance of a one-ch…
Son Preference, the Family-building Process and Child Mortality in India
India is a country with a pervasive preference for sons and one of the highest levels of excess child mortality for girls in the world (child mortality for girls exceeds child mortality for boys by 43 per cent). In this article, data from the National Family Health Survey are used to examine the effect of son preference on parity progression and ultimately on child mortality. The demographic effects of family composition are estimated with hazard…
The Impact of Family Planning Service Provision on Contraceptive‐use Dynamics in Morocco
This article uses linked data from the 1995 Morocco DHS calendar and the 1992 Morocco DHS service‐availability module to study the effect of service environment on contraceptive discontinuation, switching, and adoption of a modern method following a birth. The 1995 Morocco DHS also collected information on the source of supply for each episode of use of a modern method recorded in the calendar, allowing study of the association between the source…
The Changing Family in Comparative Perspective: Asia and the United States
The teen tobacco epidemic in Asia: Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, and Thailand
This paperxs examines the prevalence of smoking, the age pattern of initiation of smoking, and factors associated with current smoking status among 15–19 year olds in five Asian societies, using data from large‐scale youth surveys. The life‐table method is used to examine the age pattern of initiation of smoking and logistic regression is used to examine factors associated with current smoking status. Smoking prevalence is high among boys but ver…
Social Networks and Family Change in Japan
Japan, unlike most Western countries, has not experienced several components of the second demographic transition, including cohabitation, widespread use of childcare centers, unmarried childbearing, and nonmarriage. Yet there is evidence that Japan is ripe for change in such family behaviors. This article examines a set of innovative questions related to knowing individuals who have engaged in these behaviors by type of relationship (sibling, ot…
Early Marriage and Early Motherhood in Nepal
This paper examines age patterns of first marriage and motherhood and covariates of early marriage, delayed consummation of marriage and early motherhood in Nepal using data from the 2000 Nepal Adolescent and Young Adult Survey (NAYA). Both unmarried and married male and female youths (age 14–22) were included in the survey. The analysis is based on 2800 urban youths and 5075 rural youths with complete information on the variables examined. Propo…
Is the Gender Division of Labour Changing in Japan
The paper examines potential changes in housework and employment among married couples in Japan. The data are from national surveys in 1994 and 2000 of persons aged 20–49. Wives’ housework hours decreased and the proportion of husbands doing any housework increased. A majority of wives are employed, many work full-time and husbands work long hours and many return home late in the evening. While wives do less housework if they are employed, husban…
How Far Has Fertility in China Really Declined
According to births in the last year as reported in China's 2000 census, the total fertility rate (TFR) in the year 2000 in China was 1.22 children per woman. This estimate is widely considered to be too low, primarily because some women who had out-of-quota births according to China's one-child family policy did not report those births to the census enumerator. Analysis of fertility trends derived by applying the own-children method of fertility…
The effects of individual- and community-level knowledge, beliefs, and fear on stigmatization of people living with HIV/Aids in China
This paper assesses the effects of individual- and community-level knowledge of HIV transmission, beliefs and fear of infection on individual attitudes toward and willingness to interact with people living with HIV/AIDS in China. Data are from a sample survey of 12,270 men and women age 15-49 from seven provinces/municipalities. The survey was conducted by the Population and Family Planning Commission in December 2003. Multilevel regression analy…
Pregnancy Wastage among Married Women in South Korea
This paper reviews the role of induced abortions in the fertility decline in South Korea and estimates the covariates of type of pregnancy termination in recent years. The use of induced abortions have played an important role in fertility control in South Korea, even under nearly universal access to contraceptive services and restrictive law on induced abortions. Among pregnancies of women in reproductive ages in 2003, 23 per cent ended in induc…
Province-Level Variation in the Achievement of Below-Replacement Fertility in China
The first part of this paper describes, for China, province-level variation in the year in which below-replacement fertility was achieved. The second part, also based on province-level data, is a multivariate analysis of the effects of (1) fertility policy, and (2) economic and social development on fertility in the year 2000. In 1975, only two provinces—Beijing and Shanghai—had below-replacement fertility, but by 2000, 29 out of 31 provinces had…
Demography (29 works) · Population (29 works) · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences (22 works) · Fertility (22 works) · Sociology (22 works) · Economics (19 works) · Medicine (18 works) · Geography (17 works) · Demography (15 works) · Family planning (14 works)