Azad Zeynalov
Biographic Data
| ID | 2919200 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Azad Zeynalov |
| GIVEN NAMES | Azad |
| FAMILY NAME | Zeynalov |
| SIGNATURE | ZEYNALOV A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2944-7127 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 14 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Revisiting the Middle Paleolithic site of Dashsalakhly Cave (Azerbaijan, South Caucasus)
Dashsalakhly Cave is a rare Middle Paleolithic cave site in Azerbaijan. Although the site was first excavated in 1958, its findings have not been evaluated from a modern perspective to understand their position within the Middle Paleolithic context in the South Caucasus. This paper presents a summary of fieldwork conducted at this site 65 years later in 2023, reanalyzing the lithic artifacts excavated in 1958. The results confirm that this cave o…
Geoarchaeological Studies of Paleolithic Sites in the Western and Northern Caspian Coasts in 2025
In 2025, a research team conducted geoarchaeological studies in the western and northern parts of the Caspian coast. In Azerbaijan, excavations were conducted at the Azykh Cave (Early-Middle Paleolithic) where the current profi le of unexcavated deposits was established and the stratigraphic sequence was described. Samples for luminescence, CRN and radiocarbon dating were collected from all lithological layers.Studies were conducted at site of Ti…
Archaeological Survey in the Western Periphery of the Ustyurt Plateau (Western Kazakhstan) in 2025
In 2025, the Joint Russian-Kazakh-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological expedition discovered several new sites with the surface occurrence of the Stone Age archaeological material in the western periphery of the Ustyurt Plateau (Mangyshlak Peninsula). Based on the features of the collected artifacts, almost all the sites have been identifi ed as short-term campsites or workshops at the outcrops of raw materials. Flint outcrops were noted in many areas w…
New Data on Chronostratigraphy of the Tinit-1 Site in the Context of the “Loess Paleolithic” Problem in the Caucasus
The Tinit-1 site is located in the lower reaches of the Rubas River in Southern Dagestan. Stone industries were discovered in layers 2–8 at 11 archaeological levels; they formed two cultural and chronological groups. New works, which were done at the site in 2023–2024, indicate that its section contained several loess-paleosol complexes. Several distinctive paleosols were identified (layers 2, 4, 6–8). These complexes can be interpreted in severa…
Study of the Stone Age Sites on the Coast of Sarytash Bay (Mangyshlak Peninsula, Western Kazakhstan) in 2024
In 2024, the Russian-Kazakh-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological expedition carried out survey on the Mangyshlak Peninsula. One of the main areas of research was the coast of Sarytash Bay in the area of the Shakpakata Valley, where in the 1960s an expedition led by A.G. Medoev collected representative collections of stone artifacts, which he later attributed to different stages of the Stone Age (Early Paleolithic – Chalcolithic). In 2024, five main loca…
Results of Archaeological Survey in the North and West of the Mangyshlak Peninsula (Western Kazakhstan) in 2024
In 2024, the Russian-Kazakh-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological expedition discovered two new sites with surface occurrence of artifacts in the north of the Mangyshlak Peninsula – Kostam and Akmaya (northern slopes of the Akmaya Ridge). Examination of the western coast of the peninsula between the cities of Aktau and Fort Shevchenko revealed individual flint artefacts on the surfaces of the Khvalynian and Early Holocene terraces. The only place where c…
Gazma Cave—A Final Middle Paleolithic Site in Azerbaijan
Статья посвящена результатам исследования индустрии среднего палеолита из пещеры Газма, расположенной в Нахчыванской Автономной Республике (Азербайджан). Приводятся данные по стратиграфии, палеонтологии, хронологии и археологии стоянки. На памятнике выделены шесть литологических слоев, три из которых (IV-VI) содержали массовый археологический материал. Хронология объекта построена на серии ОСЛ-дат. Установлено, что накопление слоев IV-VI происход…
Flake Cleavers (hachereaux sur éclats) in the Acheulean of the South Caucasus
The site of Garaja, discovered in 2012 on the southern shore of the Mingachevir reservoir (Azerbaijan), is attributed to the Acheulean stage of the Lower Palaeolithic and is dated, according to a set of biostratigraphic data, to the Baku regional tier of the Middle Pleistocene (~ 800,000—400,000 years). Artifacts are distributed across three stratigraphic levels. The paper deals with a group of stone tools the morphology of which fully correspond…
Gazma Cave—A Final Middle Paleolithic Site in Azerbaijan
This article describes the Middle Paleolithic industry of Gazma Cave in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. We present data on the stratigraphy, paleontology, chronology, and archaeology of the site. Six lithological layers were identifi ed, three of which (IV–VI) contain abundant archaeological material. The chronology of the site is based on a series of luminescence ages. The deposition of layers IV–VI formed ~55–40 ka BP. Paleont…
The Final Early Paleolithic of Azerbaijan (Based on the Garaja Site)
We descriЬe new findings relating to an Early Paleolithic site of Garaja on the Mingachevir Reservoir coast, Azerbaijan. Geological and geomorphological position of the area, structure of the Early–Middle Pleistocene deposits, faunal remains, and chronology are discussed. On the basis of geological characteristics and paleofauna (large mammals, mollusks) we tentatively date the site to the Bakunian age (0.8–0.4 Ma years ago). Artifacts, some 350 …
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Mesolithic-Neolithic Sequence at Damjili Cave, Azerbaijan, Southern Caucasus
Current research indicates that full-fledged Neolithic societies emerged in the Southern Caucasus in the early sixth millennium BC, most likely through interaction with and/or the immigration of the Neolithic societies of Southwest Asia. However, the absence of late seventh millennium BC excavated sites has prevented us from being able to interpret the processes in relation to earlier indigenous foraging societies. The 2016–2019 excavations at Da…
Geoarchaeological Investigation in Azerbaijan in 2021
In 2021 a joint Russian-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological studies were carried out in Republic of Azerbaijan. The coastal area of the Mingechevir Reservoir was investigated, primarily the beaches of the south-western shore at the foots of the Bozdag and Garaja Ranges. A representative collection of stone artifacts (136 specimens) and Pleistocene faunal remains (35 specimens) were collected at the Garaja site. Among the cores, 80 % are simple nuclei o…
The Mesolithic-Neolithic interface in the Southern Caucasus
Kuruchay Culture and Its Habitat
Lower Paleolithic site of Cave Azykh was discovered in Azerbaijan in 1960. Proceeding from Cave Azykh’s lower layers’ differences from the “classical” Oldowan, M. M. Guseynov singled out a new culture, a “Kuruchay” one. One of the criteria for singling out the new culture was the discovery of large, up to 4-4.5-kilo two-hand choppers M. M. Guseynov called “gigantolites.” Several decades later, the “Kuruchay culture”-forming base - large two-hand …
The Mesolithic-Neolithic interface in the Southern Caucasus
Gazma Cave—A Final Middle Paleolithic Site in Azerbaijan
This article describes the Middle Paleolithic industry of Gazma Cave in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. We present data on the stratigraphy, paleontology, chronology, and archaeology of the site. Six lithological layers were identifi ed, three of which (IV–VI) contain abundant archaeological material. The chronology of the site is based on a series of luminescence ages. The deposition of layers IV–VI formed ~55–40 ka BP. Paleont…
The Final Early Paleolithic of Azerbaijan (Based on the Garaja Site)
We descriЬe new findings relating to an Early Paleolithic site of Garaja on the Mingachevir Reservoir coast, Azerbaijan. Geological and geomorphological position of the area, structure of the Early–Middle Pleistocene deposits, faunal remains, and chronology are discussed. On the basis of geological characteristics and paleofauna (large mammals, mollusks) we tentatively date the site to the Bakunian age (0.8–0.4 Ma years ago). Artifacts, some 350 …
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Mesolithic-Neolithic Sequence at Damjili Cave, Azerbaijan, Southern Caucasus
Current research indicates that full-fledged Neolithic societies emerged in the Southern Caucasus in the early sixth millennium BC, most likely through interaction with and/or the immigration of the Neolithic societies of Southwest Asia. However, the absence of late seventh millennium BC excavated sites has prevented us from being able to interpret the processes in relation to earlier indigenous foraging societies. The 2016–2019 excavations at Da…
Kuruchay Culture and Its Habitat
Lower Paleolithic site of Cave Azykh was discovered in Azerbaijan in 1960. Proceeding from Cave Azykh’s lower layers’ differences from the “classical” Oldowan, M. M. Guseynov singled out a new culture, a “Kuruchay” one. One of the criteria for singling out the new culture was the discovery of large, up to 4-4.5-kilo two-hand choppers M. M. Guseynov called “gigantolites.” Several decades later, the “Kuruchay culture”-forming base - large two-hand …
The Mesolithic-Neolithic interface in the Southern Caucasus
Geoarchaeological Investigation in Azerbaijan in 2021
In 2021 a joint Russian-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological studies were carried out in Republic of Azerbaijan. The coastal area of the Mingechevir Reservoir was investigated, primarily the beaches of the south-western shore at the foots of the Bozdag and Garaja Ranges. A representative collection of stone artifacts (136 specimens) and Pleistocene faunal remains (35 specimens) were collected at the Garaja site. Among the cores, 80 % are simple nuclei o…
Radiocarbon Chronology of the Mesolithic-Neolithic Sequence at Damjili Cave, Azerbaijan, Southern Caucasus
Current research indicates that full-fledged Neolithic societies emerged in the Southern Caucasus in the early sixth millennium BC, most likely through interaction with and/or the immigration of the Neolithic societies of Southwest Asia. However, the absence of late seventh millennium BC excavated sites has prevented us from being able to interpret the processes in relation to earlier indigenous foraging societies. The 2016–2019 excavations at Da…
Gazma Cave—A Final Middle Paleolithic Site in Azerbaijan
Статья посвящена результатам исследования индустрии среднего палеолита из пещеры Газма, расположенной в Нахчыванской Автономной Республике (Азербайджан). Приводятся данные по стратиграфии, палеонтологии, хронологии и археологии стоянки. На памятнике выделены шесть литологических слоев, три из которых (IV-VI) содержали массовый археологический материал. Хронология объекта построена на серии ОСЛ-дат. Установлено, что накопление слоев IV-VI происход…
Flake Cleavers (hachereaux sur éclats) in the Acheulean of the South Caucasus
The site of Garaja, discovered in 2012 on the southern shore of the Mingachevir reservoir (Azerbaijan), is attributed to the Acheulean stage of the Lower Palaeolithic and is dated, according to a set of biostratigraphic data, to the Baku regional tier of the Middle Pleistocene (~ 800,000—400,000 years). Artifacts are distributed across three stratigraphic levels. The paper deals with a group of stone tools the morphology of which fully correspond…
Gazma Cave—A Final Middle Paleolithic Site in Azerbaijan
This article describes the Middle Paleolithic industry of Gazma Cave in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. We present data on the stratigraphy, paleontology, chronology, and archaeology of the site. Six lithological layers were identifi ed, three of which (IV–VI) contain abundant archaeological material. The chronology of the site is based on a series of luminescence ages. The deposition of layers IV–VI formed ~55–40 ka BP. Paleont…
The Final Early Paleolithic of Azerbaijan (Based on the Garaja Site)
We descriЬe new findings relating to an Early Paleolithic site of Garaja on the Mingachevir Reservoir coast, Azerbaijan. Geological and geomorphological position of the area, structure of the Early–Middle Pleistocene deposits, faunal remains, and chronology are discussed. On the basis of geological characteristics and paleofauna (large mammals, mollusks) we tentatively date the site to the Bakunian age (0.8–0.4 Ma years ago). Artifacts, some 350 …
New Data on Chronostratigraphy of the Tinit-1 Site in the Context of the “Loess Paleolithic” Problem in the Caucasus
The Tinit-1 site is located in the lower reaches of the Rubas River in Southern Dagestan. Stone industries were discovered in layers 2–8 at 11 archaeological levels; they formed two cultural and chronological groups. New works, which were done at the site in 2023–2024, indicate that its section contained several loess-paleosol complexes. Several distinctive paleosols were identified (layers 2, 4, 6–8). These complexes can be interpreted in severa…
Study of the Stone Age Sites on the Coast of Sarytash Bay (Mangyshlak Peninsula, Western Kazakhstan) in 2024
In 2024, the Russian-Kazakh-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological expedition carried out survey on the Mangyshlak Peninsula. One of the main areas of research was the coast of Sarytash Bay in the area of the Shakpakata Valley, where in the 1960s an expedition led by A.G. Medoev collected representative collections of stone artifacts, which he later attributed to different stages of the Stone Age (Early Paleolithic – Chalcolithic). In 2024, five main loca…
Results of Archaeological Survey in the North and West of the Mangyshlak Peninsula (Western Kazakhstan) in 2024
In 2024, the Russian-Kazakh-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological expedition discovered two new sites with surface occurrence of artifacts in the north of the Mangyshlak Peninsula – Kostam and Akmaya (northern slopes of the Akmaya Ridge). Examination of the western coast of the peninsula between the cities of Aktau and Fort Shevchenko revealed individual flint artefacts on the surfaces of the Khvalynian and Early Holocene terraces. The only place where c…
Geoarchaeological Studies of Paleolithic Sites in the Western and Northern Caspian Coasts in 2025
In 2025, a research team conducted geoarchaeological studies in the western and northern parts of the Caspian coast. In Azerbaijan, excavations were conducted at the Azykh Cave (Early-Middle Paleolithic) where the current profi le of unexcavated deposits was established and the stratigraphic sequence was described. Samples for luminescence, CRN and radiocarbon dating were collected from all lithological layers.Studies were conducted at site of Ti…
Archaeological Survey in the Western Periphery of the Ustyurt Plateau (Western Kazakhstan) in 2025
In 2025, the Joint Russian-Kazakh-Azerbaijani geoarchaeological expedition discovered several new sites with the surface occurrence of the Stone Age archaeological material in the western periphery of the Ustyurt Plateau (Mangyshlak Peninsula). Based on the features of the collected artifacts, almost all the sites have been identifi ed as short-term campsites or workshops at the outcrops of raw materials. Flint outcrops were noted in many areas w…
Revisiting the Middle Paleolithic site of Dashsalakhly Cave (Azerbaijan, South Caucasus)
Dashsalakhly Cave is a rare Middle Paleolithic cave site in Azerbaijan. Although the site was first excavated in 1958, its findings have not been evaluated from a modern perspective to understand their position within the Middle Paleolithic context in the South Caucasus. This paper presents a summary of fieldwork conducted at this site 65 years later in 2023, reanalyzing the lithic artifacts excavated in 1958. The results confirm that this cave o…
Geography (11 works) · Archaeology (10 works) · Marine and environmental studies (10 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (10 works) · Cave (7 works) · Geology (7 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (6 works) · Paleontology (6 works) · Pleistocene (5 works) · Chronology (4 works)