Nathan Critchlow
Biographic Data
| ID | 292953 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Nathan Critchlow |
| GIVEN NAMES | Nathan |
| FAMILY NAME | Critchlow |
| SIGNATURE | CRITCHLOW N |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Stirling |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9145-8874 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 5 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Development of the alcohol‐free and low‐alcohol drinks market in Great Britain from 2011 to 2022
How Have Alcohol Producers Changed the Alcohol Content of Their Products? A Descriptive Analysis of Reformulation in the Off‐Trade Alcohol Market in G reat B ritain, 2018–2025
Regulation of Alcohol‐Free and Low‐Alcohol Drinks
Tobacco, e-cigarette and alcohol content in popular UK soap operas
Background Exposure to tobacco and alcohol on-screen promotes use and despite regulations and policies to limit impact, these behaviours remain common. We report a longitudinal analysis of tobacco, e-cigarette and alcohol content in three popular UK television soap operas, to examine changing social norms between 2002 and 2022.Methods We used one-minute interval coding to measure content in programmes in two one-week periods in three years (2002,…
Changes and continuities in gambling careers during the Covid-19 pandemic
Findings of the present study are consistent with earlier literature examining gambling careers before the advent of COVID-19 showing that gambling trajectories are non-linear. Our research suggests that 'typical' patterns of gambling behaviour (e.g. being episodic), and the broader known risk and protective factors within individuals, families, communities and societies have been amplified during the pandemic. Findings highlight the adaptability…
Alcohol’s contribution to climate change and other environmental degradation
Climate change is the single biggest health threat facing humanity. The production, distribution and consumption of many fast-moving consumer goods contribute substantially to climate change, principally through releasing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we consider just some of the ways that alcohol—already a key contributor to an array of health, social and economic burdens—exacerbates environmental harms and climate change. We explore current ev…
Consumer protection messages in alcohol marketing on Twitter in Ireland
Alcohol marketing provides a high-reach opportunity to communicate consumer protection messages (e.g. health warnings), but there are concerns about the efficacy of self-regulatory practice. Through the Public Health (Alcohol) Act, Ireland will mandate the presence of such information. To understand the potential impact of the Act, we examined: (1) the presence of self-regulated consumer protection messages in alcohol marketing on Twitter; and (2…
UK alcohol marketing regulation is failing
This commentary about alcohol marketing regulation in the UK draws on a conference held by the Institute of Alcohol Studies, highlighting a need for policy interventions to prevent harm and improve public health. Hazardous and harmful alcohol use is associated with many health conditions, wider social consequences, and harms to others. Following no improvement in alcohol mortality rates in the past decade, 2020 saw alcohol-specific deaths rise to…
Implementation of alcohol minimum unit pricing (MUP)
Minimum unit pricing for alcohol (MUP) came into effect on 1st May 2018 in Scotland, raising the price of the cheapest shop-bought alcohol. Small retailers are a key source of alcohol for communities, often located in areas of high alcohol-related harm. We sought to examine their experiences of MUP implementation and impact. We conducted semi-structured interviews in-store with 20 small retailers in central Scotland at two time points: October – …
How Do Young Adult Drinkers React to Varied Alcohol Warning Formats and Contents? An Exploratory Study in France
Research on alcohol warnings has increased in the last decade, providing key evidence to governments on warning format and contents. The bulk of this research, however, has been conducted in Anglosphere countries, whereas fewer studies have focused on other countries which have high per capita alcohol consumption, and where the high social acceptability of drinking is liable to affect how people accept and react to prevention measures. Since Fran…
Youth perceptions of Brand variant names on standardised cigarette packs, and responses to replacing these with numbers
Tobacco companies use brand variant name on cigarette packaging to differentiate, and create interest in, their products. We explored young peoples’ reactions to brand variant names on cigarette packs and perceptions of replacing these with numbers, a proposed policy in Turkey. Twelve focus groups, segmented by gender, age (11-12, 13-14, 15-16) and social grade (ABC1, C2DE), were conducted across Britain from May–July 2018 (n = 89). Participants …
Sport Fan Attitudes on Alcohol
Availability of alcohol at football matches in the UK is much debated and subject to multiple restrictions, yet there is little understanding of supporters' attitudes. A cross-sectional survey of football supporters in Scotland and England (n = 1750) was conducted April-June 2019. Most supporters viewed drinking at matches as acceptable (74.4%) and thought alcohol should be available at grounds (76.0%); around two-fifths thought most supporters c…
Impact of standardised packaging in the UK on warning salience, appeal, harm perceptions and cessation-related behaviours
Standardised packaging appears to be having the intended impacts
Adolescents’ reactions to, and perceptions of, dissuasive cigarettes
The cigarette stick, as the primary form of packaging and the object of consumption, is an increasingly important marketing tool for tobacco companies. It could, however, also be used to communicate health messaging. We therefore explore adolescents’ perceptions of cigarettes designed to dissuade smoking. Eight focus groups were conducted with 16–17 year-olds in Scotland (n = 36) between November 2017 and November 2018. Groups were segmented by g…
Adolescents’ Reactions to Adverts for Fast-Food and Confectionery Brands That are High in Fat, Salt, and/or Sugar (HFSS), and Possible Implications for Future Research and Regulation
The influence that marketing for foods high in fat, salt, and/or sugar (HFSS) has on adolescents extends beyond a dose-response relationship between exposure and consumption. It is also important to explore how marketing shapes or reinforces product/brand attitudes, and whether this varies by demography and Body Mass Index (BMI). To examine this, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 11-19 year olds in the United Kingdom ( n = 3348). Partic…
Protocol for a Mixed-Method Investigation of the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic and Gambling Practices, Experiences and Marketing in the UK
The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented restrictions on people's movements and interactions, as well as the cancellation of major sports events and social activities, directly altering the gambling landscape. There is urgent need to provide regulators, policy makers and treatment providers with evidence on the patterns and context of gambling during COVID-19 and its aftermath. This protocol describes a study addressing the following three ques…
Reactions to, and trial intentions for, three dissuasive cigarette designs
Dissuasive cigarettes present an opportunity to further reduce the appeal of smoking among adolescents
Awareness of marketing for high fat, salt or sugar foods, and the association with higher weekly consumption among adolescents
Objective: Exposure to marketing for foods high in fat, salt or sugar (HFSS) reportedly influences consumption, nutritional knowledge and diet-related health among adolescents. In 2018/2019, the UK government held two consultations about introducing new restrictions on marketing for HFSS foods. To reinforce why these restrictions are needed, we examined adolescents’ awareness of marketing for HFSS foods, and the association between past month awa…
Recruiting the “Heavy-Using Loyalists of Tomorrow”
Restricting alcohol advertising and marketing is a cost-effective intervention for reducing alcohol harms. However, the alcohol industry maintains that advertising does not affect consumption, claiming that its purpose is to help consumers choose brands, it is not aimed at young people, it only promotes "responsible consumption", and any relationships with consumption are not causal. We reviewed 39 case studies (1981-2016) published by the advert…
Participation with alcohol marketing and user-created promotion on social media, and the association with higher-risk alcohol consumption and brand identification among adolescents in the UK
Aim: To explore participation with alcohol marketing (i.e. commenting on brand statuses) and user-created promotion on social media (i.e. photos of peers drinking) by young people in the United Kingdom (UK), and what association this has with higher-risk consumption and brand identification. Method: Online cross-sectional survey with 11-19-year olds in the UK ( n = 3,399) (average age: 15 years old). Past-month participation was measured for five…
Adolescents’ perceptions of standardised cigarette packaging design and brand variant name post-implementation
Adolescents consider standardised cigarette packs in the UK unappealing, and the warnings salient, two core aims of this measure. However, positive reactions to some of the standardised packs (slimmer pack, shoulder box), and variant names used, has implications for countries developing standardised packaging regulations
How tobacco companies in the United Kingdom prepared for, and responded to, standardised packaging of cigarettes and rolling tobacco
Our findings highlight the need to monitor developments in markets introducing standardised packaging and have policy implications for countries considering this measure
Difference between recommended retail price and sales price for tobacco products in independent and convenience (small) retailers before and after the introduction of standardised tobacco packaging in…
Despite tobacco companies emphasising the importance of RRP, small retailers implemented small increases above RRP as standardised packaging was introduced. Consequently, any intended price changes by tobacco companies in response to the legislation (ie, to increase affordability or brand positioning) may be confounded by retailer behaviour, and such deviation may increase consumer price sensitivity
Awareness of, and participation with, user-created alcohol promotion, and the association with higher-risk drinking in young adults
User-created alcohol promotion refers to the content distributed through new media which intends to promote consumption, but independent of commercial digital marketing. This study explores exposure to such user-created alcohol promotion and the association with higher-risk drinking in a sample of young adults in the United Kingdom. An online cross-sectional survey with 18-25 year olds (N = 405) was used to measure awareness of, and participation…
Alcohol Marketing during the Uefa Euro 2016 Football Tournament
This study examined the frequency and nature of alcohol marketing references in broadcasts of the 2016 UEFA (Union of European Football Associations) European Championships football tournament in the United Kingdom (UK). Eighteen matches from across the tournament were recorded in full as broadcast in the UK, including all four matches featuring the English national team and all seven featuring the French national team. All visual and verbal refe…
Sport Fan Attitudes on Alcohol
Availability of alcohol at football matches in the UK is much debated and subject to multiple restrictions, yet there is little understanding of supporters' attitudes. A cross-sectional survey of football supporters in Scotland and England (n = 1750) was conducted April-June 2019. Most supporters viewed drinking at matches as acceptable (74.4%) and thought alcohol should be available at grounds (76.0%); around two-fifths thought most supporters c…
Awareness of, and participation with, user-created alcohol promotion, and the association with higher-risk drinking in young adults
User-created alcohol promotion refers to the content distributed through new media which intends to promote consumption, but independent of commercial digital marketing. This study explores exposure to such user-created alcohol promotion and the association with higher-risk drinking in a sample of young adults in the United Kingdom. An online cross-sectional survey with 18-25 year olds (N = 405) was used to measure awareness of, and participation…
Alcohol Marketing during the Uefa Euro 2016 Football Tournament
This study examined the frequency and nature of alcohol marketing references in broadcasts of the 2016 UEFA (Union of European Football Associations) European Championships football tournament in the United Kingdom (UK). Eighteen matches from across the tournament were recorded in full as broadcast in the UK, including all four matches featuring the English national team and all seven featuring the French national team. All visual and verbal refe…
How tobacco companies in the United Kingdom prepared for, and responded to, standardised packaging of cigarettes and rolling tobacco
Our findings highlight the need to monitor developments in markets introducing standardised packaging and have policy implications for countries considering this measure
Difference between recommended retail price and sales price for tobacco products in independent and convenience (small) retailers before and after the introduction of standardised tobacco packaging in…
Despite tobacco companies emphasising the importance of RRP, small retailers implemented small increases above RRP as standardised packaging was introduced. Consequently, any intended price changes by tobacco companies in response to the legislation (ie, to increase affordability or brand positioning) may be confounded by retailer behaviour, and such deviation may increase consumer price sensitivity
Recruiting the “Heavy-Using Loyalists of Tomorrow”
Restricting alcohol advertising and marketing is a cost-effective intervention for reducing alcohol harms. However, the alcohol industry maintains that advertising does not affect consumption, claiming that its purpose is to help consumers choose brands, it is not aimed at young people, it only promotes "responsible consumption", and any relationships with consumption are not causal. We reviewed 39 case studies (1981-2016) published by the advert…
Participation with alcohol marketing and user-created promotion on social media, and the association with higher-risk alcohol consumption and brand identification among adolescents in the UK
Aim: To explore participation with alcohol marketing (i.e. commenting on brand statuses) and user-created promotion on social media (i.e. photos of peers drinking) by young people in the United Kingdom (UK), and what association this has with higher-risk consumption and brand identification. Method: Online cross-sectional survey with 11-19-year olds in the UK ( n = 3,399) (average age: 15 years old). Past-month participation was measured for five…
Adolescents’ perceptions of standardised cigarette packaging design and brand variant name post-implementation
Adolescents consider standardised cigarette packs in the UK unappealing, and the warnings salient, two core aims of this measure. However, positive reactions to some of the standardised packs (slimmer pack, shoulder box), and variant names used, has implications for countries developing standardised packaging regulations
Adolescents’ reactions to, and perceptions of, dissuasive cigarettes
The cigarette stick, as the primary form of packaging and the object of consumption, is an increasingly important marketing tool for tobacco companies. It could, however, also be used to communicate health messaging. We therefore explore adolescents’ perceptions of cigarettes designed to dissuade smoking. Eight focus groups were conducted with 16–17 year-olds in Scotland (n = 36) between November 2017 and November 2018. Groups were segmented by g…
Adolescents’ Reactions to Adverts for Fast-Food and Confectionery Brands That are High in Fat, Salt, and/or Sugar (HFSS), and Possible Implications for Future Research and Regulation
The influence that marketing for foods high in fat, salt, and/or sugar (HFSS) has on adolescents extends beyond a dose-response relationship between exposure and consumption. It is also important to explore how marketing shapes or reinforces product/brand attitudes, and whether this varies by demography and Body Mass Index (BMI). To examine this, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 11-19 year olds in the United Kingdom ( n = 3348). Partic…
Protocol for a Mixed-Method Investigation of the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic and Gambling Practices, Experiences and Marketing in the UK
The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented restrictions on people's movements and interactions, as well as the cancellation of major sports events and social activities, directly altering the gambling landscape. There is urgent need to provide regulators, policy makers and treatment providers with evidence on the patterns and context of gambling during COVID-19 and its aftermath. This protocol describes a study addressing the following three ques…
Reactions to, and trial intentions for, three dissuasive cigarette designs
Dissuasive cigarettes present an opportunity to further reduce the appeal of smoking among adolescents
Awareness of marketing for high fat, salt or sugar foods, and the association with higher weekly consumption among adolescents
Objective: Exposure to marketing for foods high in fat, salt or sugar (HFSS) reportedly influences consumption, nutritional knowledge and diet-related health among adolescents. In 2018/2019, the UK government held two consultations about introducing new restrictions on marketing for HFSS foods. To reinforce why these restrictions are needed, we examined adolescents’ awareness of marketing for HFSS foods, and the association between past month awa…
Impact of standardised packaging in the UK on warning salience, appeal, harm perceptions and cessation-related behaviours
Standardised packaging appears to be having the intended impacts
Youth perceptions of Brand variant names on standardised cigarette packs, and responses to replacing these with numbers
Tobacco companies use brand variant name on cigarette packaging to differentiate, and create interest in, their products. We explored young peoples’ reactions to brand variant names on cigarette packs and perceptions of replacing these with numbers, a proposed policy in Turkey. Twelve focus groups, segmented by gender, age (11-12, 13-14, 15-16) and social grade (ABC1, C2DE), were conducted across Britain from May–July 2018 (n = 89). Participants …
Sport Fan Attitudes on Alcohol
Availability of alcohol at football matches in the UK is much debated and subject to multiple restrictions, yet there is little understanding of supporters' attitudes. A cross-sectional survey of football supporters in Scotland and England (n = 1750) was conducted April-June 2019. Most supporters viewed drinking at matches as acceptable (74.4%) and thought alcohol should be available at grounds (76.0%); around two-fifths thought most supporters c…
Consumer protection messages in alcohol marketing on Twitter in Ireland
Alcohol marketing provides a high-reach opportunity to communicate consumer protection messages (e.g. health warnings), but there are concerns about the efficacy of self-regulatory practice. Through the Public Health (Alcohol) Act, Ireland will mandate the presence of such information. To understand the potential impact of the Act, we examined: (1) the presence of self-regulated consumer protection messages in alcohol marketing on Twitter; and (2…
UK alcohol marketing regulation is failing
This commentary about alcohol marketing regulation in the UK draws on a conference held by the Institute of Alcohol Studies, highlighting a need for policy interventions to prevent harm and improve public health. Hazardous and harmful alcohol use is associated with many health conditions, wider social consequences, and harms to others. Following no improvement in alcohol mortality rates in the past decade, 2020 saw alcohol-specific deaths rise to…
Implementation of alcohol minimum unit pricing (MUP)
Minimum unit pricing for alcohol (MUP) came into effect on 1st May 2018 in Scotland, raising the price of the cheapest shop-bought alcohol. Small retailers are a key source of alcohol for communities, often located in areas of high alcohol-related harm. We sought to examine their experiences of MUP implementation and impact. We conducted semi-structured interviews in-store with 20 small retailers in central Scotland at two time points: October – …
How Do Young Adult Drinkers React to Varied Alcohol Warning Formats and Contents? An Exploratory Study in France
Research on alcohol warnings has increased in the last decade, providing key evidence to governments on warning format and contents. The bulk of this research, however, has been conducted in Anglosphere countries, whereas fewer studies have focused on other countries which have high per capita alcohol consumption, and where the high social acceptability of drinking is liable to affect how people accept and react to prevention measures. Since Fran…
Alcohol’s contribution to climate change and other environmental degradation
Climate change is the single biggest health threat facing humanity. The production, distribution and consumption of many fast-moving consumer goods contribute substantially to climate change, principally through releasing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we consider just some of the ways that alcohol—already a key contributor to an array of health, social and economic burdens—exacerbates environmental harms and climate change. We explore current ev…
Tobacco, e-cigarette and alcohol content in popular UK soap operas
Background Exposure to tobacco and alcohol on-screen promotes use and despite regulations and policies to limit impact, these behaviours remain common. We report a longitudinal analysis of tobacco, e-cigarette and alcohol content in three popular UK television soap operas, to examine changing social norms between 2002 and 2022.Methods We used one-minute interval coding to measure content in programmes in two one-week periods in three years (2002,…
Changes and continuities in gambling careers during the Covid-19 pandemic
Findings of the present study are consistent with earlier literature examining gambling careers before the advent of COVID-19 showing that gambling trajectories are non-linear. Our research suggests that 'typical' patterns of gambling behaviour (e.g. being episodic), and the broader known risk and protective factors within individuals, families, communities and societies have been amplified during the pandemic. Findings highlight the adaptability…
Development of the alcohol‐free and low‐alcohol drinks market in Great Britain from 2011 to 2022
How Have Alcohol Producers Changed the Alcohol Content of Their Products? A Descriptive Analysis of Reformulation in the Off‐Trade Alcohol Market in G reat B ritain, 2018–2025
Regulation of Alcohol‐Free and Low‐Alcohol Drinks
Business (21 works) · Medicine (17 works) · Advertising (16 works) · Psychology (15 works) · Marketing (12 works) · Environmental health (10 works) · Political science (10 works) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (9 works) · Smoking Behavior and Cessation (8 works) · Sociology (8 works)