C Reynolds
Biographic Data
| ID | 29302 |
|---|---|
| NAME | C Reynolds |
| GIVEN NAMES | C |
| FAMILY NAME | Reynolds |
| SIGNATURE | REYNOLDS C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1880-8839 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 67 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Copyright at the margins
Platform governance research has prioritized formal mechanisms that can be codified in law or policy and audited with trace data. While such mechanisms merit attention, the focus risks overlooking informal yet influential practices that shape platform culture. We introduce a methodological approach for tracking informal platform governance through fan wikis, demonstrated through the case of copyright enforcement on YouTube. We annotated 149 copyr…
‘That’s not where the cart goes!’
Outrage is a popular way to generate attention on social media, from ragebait and trolling to callouts. Cultural producers also harness social shaming as a content production strategy, repurposing the model of activism-driven callout culture as a form of accountability entertainment, or content that both stages and spectacularizes the intervention into misbehavior. We focus on Cart Narcs, a leading cross-platform provider of accountability entert…
The media playbook for food taxes
Analysis of media coverage of food tax debates is limited, with most focusing on taxation of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs). This study explored UK media coverage of food tax debates, extending beyond SSBs to other food products. We investigated trends in print and online news media coverage and how the UK media presented anti- and pro-tax arguments. A mixed-methods content analysis of eight UK news publishers between 2017 and 2023 was undertak…
Aspirational platform governance
Although commercial social media platforms provide few formal channels for participation in platform governance, creators aspire to influence decisions and policies through expressive forms of civic engagement that ultimately legitimate platforms as arbiters of public discourse
Creator Cartels as Emergent Platform Governance
Creators frequently collaborate to share knowledge of and strategies for countering negative experiences of platform governance, including around issues of harassment, copyright enforcement, and censorship. In some cases, they have tried to craft more formal arrangements like creator unions, but these have failed to find stability in the platform economy, which operates differently than traditional labor-employer relationships. We point to a diff…
Priorities and exclusions within Trust and Safety industry standards
Platform governance is simultaneously a matter of public concern and a professional calling for Trust and Safety, the nascent field tasked with setting and enforcing standards of acceptable behavior on digital platforms. Yet we know little about how the growing professionalization of platform governance shapes content moderation practices. Using the schema of content abuse from the Trust & Safety Professional Association, we analyzed the Communit…
Paralocal relationships
Concerns about the decline of traditional forms of civic engagement and local news availability in the United States exist alongside developing forms of activist politics online, with one prominent form of social media-driven activism coming from First Amendment auditors. This study examines the protracted conflict between the governmental authorities of Leon Valley and First Amendment auditors to explore the re-placement of civic engagement for …
Copyright callouts and the promise of creator-driven platform governance
Responding to frustrations with the enforcement of copyright on YouTube, some creators publish videos that discuss their experiences, challenge claims of infringement, and critique broader structures of content moderation. Platform callouts, or public complaints about the conduct of or on platforms, are one of the primary ways creators challenge the power imbalance between users and corporations. Through an analysis of 135 videos, we provide a ri…
User-generated accountability
Despite opaque automated systems and few formal channels for participation, YouTubers navigate algorithmic governance on the platform through a strategy we call user-generated accountability: the generation of publicity via content creation to reveal failures, oversights, or harmful policies. Through an analysis of 250 videos, we identify common strategies, concerns, and targets of accountability. Creators primarily upload vlogs that acknowledge …
"Youtube Doesn't Care About Creators"
Unsatisfied with the black-boxing of algorithmic governance and platform governance on YouTube more generally, creators have begun to seek accountability through other means, deploying their skills, audiences, and situated knowledge to investigate the platform’s operations. This paper examines a phenomenon we term $2 , or the use of publicity via content creation to reveal failures, oversights, or harmful policies on a platform. We analyzed 250 v…
Academic performance, physical activity, sleep and gender in university students during the pandemic-2020
Durante el periodo de confinamiento, la educacin universitaria fue impartida bajo modalidad virtual, pudiendo repercutir en los estilos de vida saludable de los estudiantes. El objetivo fue evaluar la asociacin entre rendimiento acadmico, actividad fsica y calidad de sueo, y determinar las diferencias existentes segn gnero en estudiantes de Pedagoga en
Algorithmic Imaginations
How we imagine our place within the structure of sociotechnical-human relationships—specifically, in domains of life affected by data-analytics and the probabilistic bets institutions and people in power make on the future of our credit worthiness, political leanings, shopping habits etc.—is our “algorithmic imagination.” The purpose of this panel is to explore the “algorithmic imagination” as it manifests in particular scholarly, historical, soc…
Cart Narcs and the Engineering of Social Shaming as Entertainment
With around 160 videos, 160,000 subscribers, and 18 million views, Cart Narcs is an “elite” YouTube channel. The typical Cart Narcs YouTube video is framed around the idea of shaming people who do not return their shopping carts. The eponymous Narc, Agent Sebastian, patrols grocery store parking lots looking for miscreants to confront and film. When he spots a target, he runs towards them making siren noises. "Cart Narcs!" he shouts. "That's not …
Mischievous infrastructure
Police departments across the United States have adopted body cameras as a technological solution to conflicts between police and communities. A wide variety of stakeholders, including governments, corporations, and the police themselves, have positioned body cameras as devices that increase transparency and enable accountability in controversial situations. However, the lofty assurances made before the adoption of body cameras are often renegoti…
It's Rewind Time, Everybody
YouTube Rewind, especially its controversial 2018 and 2019 offerings, surfaces contested and contradictory understandings of what YouTube culture is and who gets to speak for the platform. Adopting and morphing the idea of media events established by Dayan and Katz, I argue that Rewinds serve as $2 . Rewinds are moments of coming together around shared rituals, anthems, and cultural leaders. The violation of the formula for this ceremonial event …
The haunting of GeoCities and the politics of access control on the early Web
Yahoo’s purchase of make-your-own-website platform GeoCities in 1999 and subsequent implementation of a new Terms of Service agreement led to one of the most notable boycotts in Web history. During the “Haunting,” GeoCities users stripped their homepages of color and content, replacing blinking GIFs with excerpts of the offending Terms of Service. In this landmark battle over content rights and access control, protestors used the platform antagon…
New Media Goes to the Movies
Movie theaters typically appear adjacent to discussions of new media. Although there has been work on digital cinema, we shift the focus from the digitization of the medium to the digitization of the theatrical audience and analyze the movie theater as new media. To do so, we look at the historical and contemporary strategies for digitizing the theatrical audience of a prominent theater chain. We identify common media of digitization, including c…
An ecological reassessment of the southern African carnivore guild
How hybrid-electric vehicles are different from conventional vehicles
An increasingly diverse set of hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) is now available in North America. The recent generation of HEVs have higher fuel consumption, are heavier, and are significantly more powerful than the first generation of HEVs. We compare HEVs for sale in the United States in 2007 to equivalent conventional vehicles and determine how vehicle weight and system power affects fuel consumption within each vehicle set. We find that heavi…
The view from the Lincoln Cave
Tobacco advertising in Indonesia
Tobacco companies have enormous political and financial “clout” in Indonesia, being the government’s largest source of revenue after oil, gas, and timber,1 and the nation’s second largest employer after the government.2 As in all developing countries, Indonesia’s 200-million-plus population is skewed in favour of younger age groups. The local industry is fiercely competitive, with each company struggling to attract a greater proportion of Indones…
The fourth largest market in the world
The fourth largest market in the world
The view from the Lincoln Cave
An ecological reassessment of the southern African carnivore guild
The fourth largest market in the world
The fourth largest market in the world
The haunting of GeoCities and the politics of access control on the early Web
Yahoo’s purchase of make-your-own-website platform GeoCities in 1999 and subsequent implementation of a new Terms of Service agreement led to one of the most notable boycotts in Web history. During the “Haunting,” GeoCities users stripped their homepages of color and content, replacing blinking GIFs with excerpts of the offending Terms of Service. In this landmark battle over content rights and access control, protestors used the platform antagon…
User-generated accountability
Despite opaque automated systems and few formal channels for participation, YouTubers navigate algorithmic governance on the platform through a strategy we call user-generated accountability: the generation of publicity via content creation to reveal failures, oversights, or harmful policies. Through an analysis of 250 videos, we identify common strategies, concerns, and targets of accountability. Creators primarily upload vlogs that acknowledge …
New Media Goes to the Movies
Movie theaters typically appear adjacent to discussions of new media. Although there has been work on digital cinema, we shift the focus from the digitization of the medium to the digitization of the theatrical audience and analyze the movie theater as new media. To do so, we look at the historical and contemporary strategies for digitizing the theatrical audience of a prominent theater chain. We identify common media of digitization, including c…
Tobacco advertising in Indonesia
Tobacco companies have enormous political and financial “clout” in Indonesia, being the government’s largest source of revenue after oil, gas, and timber,1 and the nation’s second largest employer after the government.2 As in all developing countries, Indonesia’s 200-million-plus population is skewed in favour of younger age groups. The local industry is fiercely competitive, with each company struggling to attract a greater proportion of Indones…
The fourth largest market in the world
The fourth largest market in the world
How hybrid-electric vehicles are different from conventional vehicles
An increasingly diverse set of hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) is now available in North America. The recent generation of HEVs have higher fuel consumption, are heavier, and are significantly more powerful than the first generation of HEVs. We compare HEVs for sale in the United States in 2007 to equivalent conventional vehicles and determine how vehicle weight and system power affects fuel consumption within each vehicle set. We find that heavi…
The view from the Lincoln Cave
An ecological reassessment of the southern African carnivore guild
New Media Goes to the Movies
Movie theaters typically appear adjacent to discussions of new media. Although there has been work on digital cinema, we shift the focus from the digitization of the medium to the digitization of the theatrical audience and analyze the movie theater as new media. To do so, we look at the historical and contemporary strategies for digitizing the theatrical audience of a prominent theater chain. We identify common media of digitization, including c…
It's Rewind Time, Everybody
YouTube Rewind, especially its controversial 2018 and 2019 offerings, surfaces contested and contradictory understandings of what YouTube culture is and who gets to speak for the platform. Adopting and morphing the idea of media events established by Dayan and Katz, I argue that Rewinds serve as $2 . Rewinds are moments of coming together around shared rituals, anthems, and cultural leaders. The violation of the formula for this ceremonial event …
The haunting of GeoCities and the politics of access control on the early Web
Yahoo’s purchase of make-your-own-website platform GeoCities in 1999 and subsequent implementation of a new Terms of Service agreement led to one of the most notable boycotts in Web history. During the “Haunting,” GeoCities users stripped their homepages of color and content, replacing blinking GIFs with excerpts of the offending Terms of Service. In this landmark battle over content rights and access control, protestors used the platform antagon…
Algorithmic Imaginations
How we imagine our place within the structure of sociotechnical-human relationships—specifically, in domains of life affected by data-analytics and the probabilistic bets institutions and people in power make on the future of our credit worthiness, political leanings, shopping habits etc.—is our “algorithmic imagination.” The purpose of this panel is to explore the “algorithmic imagination” as it manifests in particular scholarly, historical, soc…
Cart Narcs and the Engineering of Social Shaming as Entertainment
With around 160 videos, 160,000 subscribers, and 18 million views, Cart Narcs is an “elite” YouTube channel. The typical Cart Narcs YouTube video is framed around the idea of shaming people who do not return their shopping carts. The eponymous Narc, Agent Sebastian, patrols grocery store parking lots looking for miscreants to confront and film. When he spots a target, he runs towards them making siren noises. "Cart Narcs!" he shouts. "That's not …
Mischievous infrastructure
Police departments across the United States have adopted body cameras as a technological solution to conflicts between police and communities. A wide variety of stakeholders, including governments, corporations, and the police themselves, have positioned body cameras as devices that increase transparency and enable accountability in controversial situations. However, the lofty assurances made before the adoption of body cameras are often renegoti…
Academic performance, physical activity, sleep and gender in university students during the pandemic-2020
Durante el periodo de confinamiento, la educacin universitaria fue impartida bajo modalidad virtual, pudiendo repercutir en los estilos de vida saludable de los estudiantes. El objetivo fue evaluar la asociacin entre rendimiento acadmico, actividad fsica y calidad de sueo, y determinar las diferencias existentes segn gnero en estudiantes de Pedagoga en
"Youtube Doesn't Care About Creators"
Unsatisfied with the black-boxing of algorithmic governance and platform governance on YouTube more generally, creators have begun to seek accountability through other means, deploying their skills, audiences, and situated knowledge to investigate the platform’s operations. This paper examines a phenomenon we term $2 , or the use of publicity via content creation to reveal failures, oversights, or harmful policies on a platform. We analyzed 250 v…
Copyright callouts and the promise of creator-driven platform governance
Responding to frustrations with the enforcement of copyright on YouTube, some creators publish videos that discuss their experiences, challenge claims of infringement, and critique broader structures of content moderation. Platform callouts, or public complaints about the conduct of or on platforms, are one of the primary ways creators challenge the power imbalance between users and corporations. Through an analysis of 135 videos, we provide a ri…
User-generated accountability
Despite opaque automated systems and few formal channels for participation, YouTubers navigate algorithmic governance on the platform through a strategy we call user-generated accountability: the generation of publicity via content creation to reveal failures, oversights, or harmful policies. Through an analysis of 250 videos, we identify common strategies, concerns, and targets of accountability. Creators primarily upload vlogs that acknowledge …
Aspirational platform governance
Although commercial social media platforms provide few formal channels for participation in platform governance, creators aspire to influence decisions and policies through expressive forms of civic engagement that ultimately legitimate platforms as arbiters of public discourse
Creator Cartels as Emergent Platform Governance
Creators frequently collaborate to share knowledge of and strategies for countering negative experiences of platform governance, including around issues of harassment, copyright enforcement, and censorship. In some cases, they have tried to craft more formal arrangements like creator unions, but these have failed to find stability in the platform economy, which operates differently than traditional labor-employer relationships. We point to a diff…
Priorities and exclusions within Trust and Safety industry standards
Platform governance is simultaneously a matter of public concern and a professional calling for Trust and Safety, the nascent field tasked with setting and enforcing standards of acceptable behavior on digital platforms. Yet we know little about how the growing professionalization of platform governance shapes content moderation practices. Using the schema of content abuse from the Trust & Safety Professional Association, we analyzed the Communit…
Paralocal relationships
Concerns about the decline of traditional forms of civic engagement and local news availability in the United States exist alongside developing forms of activist politics online, with one prominent form of social media-driven activism coming from First Amendment auditors. This study examines the protracted conflict between the governmental authorities of Leon Valley and First Amendment auditors to explore the re-placement of civic engagement for …
Copyright at the margins
Platform governance research has prioritized formal mechanisms that can be codified in law or policy and audited with trace data. While such mechanisms merit attention, the focus risks overlooking informal yet influential practices that shape platform culture. We introduce a methodological approach for tracking informal platform governance through fan wikis, demonstrated through the case of copyright enforcement on YouTube. We annotated 149 copyr…
‘That’s not where the cart goes!’
Outrage is a popular way to generate attention on social media, from ragebait and trolling to callouts. Cultural producers also harness social shaming as a content production strategy, repurposing the model of activism-driven callout culture as a form of accountability entertainment, or content that both stages and spectacularizes the intervention into misbehavior. We focus on Cart Narcs, a leading cross-platform provider of accountability entert…
The media playbook for food taxes
Analysis of media coverage of food tax debates is limited, with most focusing on taxation of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs). This study explored UK media coverage of food tax debates, extending beyond SSBs to other food products. We investigated trends in print and online news media coverage and how the UK media presented anti- and pro-tax arguments. A mixed-methods content analysis of eight UK news publishers between 2017 and 2023 was undertak…
Business (12 works) · Political science (12 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Internet privacy (7 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Public relations (6 works) · World Wide Web (6 works) · Advertising (5 works) · Law (5 works) · Media Studies and Communication (5 works)