Philippe Bocquier
Biographic Data
| ID | 293361 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Philippe Bocquier |
| GIVEN NAMES | Philippe |
| FAMILY NAME | Bocquier |
| SIGNATURE | BOCQUIER P |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of the Witwatersrand |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6278-0597 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 35 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 252 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
The Potential of Internal Migration to Shape Rural and Urban Populations Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America
Subnational divergence in the age and sex structures of populations can have far-stretching consequences for development: from marriage markets to the potential for violence to economic growth. With urbanization and the demographic transition still underway, rural and urban populations continue to differ across low- and middle-income countries. We examine the extent by which internal migration contributes to these differences, from 1970 to 2014 u…
The within-country distribution of brain drain and brain gain effects
Existing empirical literature provides converging evidence that selective emigration enhances human capital accumulation in the world's poorest countries. However, the within-country distribution of such brain gain effects has received limited attention. Focusing on Senegal, we provide evidence that the brain gain mechanism primarily benefits the wealthiest regions that are internationally connected and have better access to education. Conversely…
The dynamic role of household structure on under-5 mortality in southern and eastern sub-Saharan Africa
Background : Children are born and grow up in households, where they receive essential care, including time, socio-psychological support, and economic resources. Children's immediate environment, captured by household structure, changes over time. Objective : We evaluate the role of dynamic household structure in the risk of child death in southern and eastern Africa. Methods : We use longitudinal data from 15 Health and Demographic Surveillance …
Migration's contribution to the urban transition
The components of urbanisation are important to understand, since urbanisation is closely related to development. Internal migration was key in historical urban transitions, while in contemporary transitions the balance of births and deaths has been the ma
Migrant health penalty
Background: Despite the greater attention given to international migration, internal migration accounts for the majority of movements globally. However, research on the effects of internal migration on health is limited, with this relationship examined predominantly in urban settings among working-age adults, neglecting rural populations and younger and older ages.Objectives: Using longitudinal data from 29 mostly rural sub-Saharan African Health…
The Crucial Role of Mothers and Siblings in Child Survival
A considerable body of research has studied the effects of siblings on child mortality through birth intervals. This research has commonly focused on older siblings. We argue that birth intervals with younger siblings may have equal or stronger effects on child mortality, even during a mother's pregnancy. Moreover, we contend that birth interval effects need to be considered only when siblings are coresident. Using longitudinal data from 29 Healt…
Urbanization Is No Longer Driven by Migration in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (1985-2015)
Across the world, populations have transitioned to inhabiting urban spaces, and in low- and middle-income countries the proportion of people living in cities is expected to continue to increase. Anticipation of this fundamental process calls for a better understanding of the demographic factors that drive the urban transition. By indirectly estimating the joint contribution of migration and administrative reclassification to urban transition in 1…
The Contribution of Diffusion to the Fertility Transition in Belgium (1887-1934)
The aim of this study is to investigate whether diffusion contributed to the geography and the speed of the fertility transition. To this end, we assembled a new and unique dataset from historical sources in Belgium containing yearly information on fertility at the municipality level and a range of structural and cultural indicators over 47 years (1887-1934). We use this dataset in diffusion models based on multilevel event-history analysis. We f…
The UCL–Lancet Commission on Migration and Health
Association between internal migration and epidemic dynamics
Results suggest that structural socioeconomic issues, rather than epidemic dynamics are likely to be associated with differences in mortality risk by migrant status. Interventions aimed at improving recent migrant's access to treatment may mitigate risk
A regional perspective on the economic determinants of urban transition in 19th-century France
Past analyses lead to contradictory results as to whether migration, demographic transition, or economic development is the main driver of urban transition. Results depend heavily on the analytical strategy
Are health and demographic surveillance system estimates sufficiently generalisable
Sampling rules do not apply in a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) that covers exhaustively a district-level population and is not meant to be representative of a national population. We highlight the advantages of HDSS data for causal analysis and identify in the literature the principles of conditional generalisation that best apply to HDSS. A probabilistic view on HDSS data is still justified by the need to model complex causal…
Healthy or unhealthy migrants? Identifying internal migration effects on mortality in Africa using health and demographic surveillance systems of the INDEPTH network
Migration has been hypothesised to be selective on health but this healthy migrant hypothesis has generally been tested at destinations, and for only one type of flow, from deprived to better-off areas. The circulatory nature of migration is rarely accounted for. This study examines the relationship between different types of internal migration and adult mortality in Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) populations in West, East, and…
Human capital on the move
BACKGROUND: Education, as a key indicator of human capital, is considered one of the major determinants of internal migration, with previous studies suggesting that human capital accumulates in urban areas at the expense of rural areas. However, there is fragmentary evidence concerning the educational correlates of internal migration in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVES: The study questions whether more precise measures of migration in Health and De…
Which transition comes first? Urban and demographic transitions in Belgium and Sweden
Several theories compete to explain the main drivers of urbanisation, past and present, in relation to both demographic transition and economic development. One hypothesis is that rural-to-urban migration is the driver of urbanisation; another is that urba
Migration and the epidemiological transition
BACKGROUND: Migration and urbanization are central to sustainable development and health, but data on temporal trends in defined populations are scarce. Healthy men and women migrate because opportunities for employment and betterment are not equally distributed geographically. The disruption can result in unhealthy exposures and environments and income returns for the origin household. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the paper are to describe the …
Health and demographic surveillance systems
BACKGROUND: Migration is difficult to measure because it is highly repeatable. Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs) provide a unique opportunity to study migration as multiple episodes of migration are captured over time. A conceptual framework is needed to show the public health implications of migration. OBJECTIVE/DESIGN: Research conducted in seven HDSS centres [International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations…
Overview of migration, poverty and health dynamics in Nairobi City's slum settlements
The Urbanization, Poverty, and Health Dynamics research program was designed to generate and provide the evidence base that would help governments, development partners, and other stakeholders understand how the urban slum context affects health outcomes in order to stimulate policy and action for uplifting the wellbeing of slum residents. The program was nested into the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System, a uniquely rich lo…
The effect of the HIV epidemic and other factors on mortality in older people in rural South Africa
Background Populations in subSaharan Africa are ageing, despite the devastating effect of the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in many countries. In South Africa the ageing population and the consequent increase in the prevalence of the chronic diseases of ageing is forming part of a complex and rapid health and social transition. To understand better the health and mortality experience of older people, we have carried out a 3 year fol…
Is There an Urban Advantage in Child Survival in Sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence From 18 Countries in the 1990s
Evidence of higher child mortality of rural-to-urban migrants compared with urban nonmigrants is growing. However, less attention has been paid to comparing the situation of the same families before and after they migrate with the situation of urban-to-rural migrants. We use DHS data from 18 African countries to compare child mortality rates of six groups based on their mothers’ migration status: rural nonmigrants; urban nonmigrants; rural-to-urb…
Do Migrant Children Face Greater Health Hazards in Slum Settlements? Evidence from Nairobi, Kenya
Between 60% and 70% of Nairobi City's population live in congested informal settlements, commonly referred to as slums, without proper access to sanitation, clean water, health care and other social services. Children in such areas are exposed to disproportionately high health hazards. This paper examines the impact of mother and child migration on the survival of more than 10,000 children in two of Nairobi's informal settlements--Korogocho and V…
Employment Vulnerability and Earnings in Urban West Africa
Circular migration patterns and determinants in Nairobi slum settlements
This paper measures migration flows and determinants in two slum settlements in Nairobi City between 2003 and 2007. The results confirm the high intensity of migration with a quarter of the total slum population and a third of those aged 15-30 being re
Factors Influencing Union Formation in Nairobi, Kenya
Using retrospective data from the Urban Integration Survey conducted in 2001 in Nairobi, Kenya, on a sample of 955 women and men aged 25–54, this paper compares factors influencing entry into union formation for men and women. The analysis uses event history methods, specifically Cox Proportional Hazards regression, stratified by age cohort and run separately by sex. The results indicate that delay in union formation is more pronounced for women …
Analysing Low Intensity Conflict in Africa using Press Reports
Migration and Urbanisation in Francophone West Africa
How does migration contribute to the urbanisation process in Africa? Migrants have traditionally been viewed as responsible for excessive urban growth, for the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas and for urban surplus labour. In light of recent research, this article proposes to re-examine these views in Francophone west Africa. The first part of the article presents the context of urbanisation in this region, the theoretical framework and the …
Circular migration patterns and determinants in Nairobi slum settlements
This paper measures migration flows and determinants in two slum settlements in Nairobi City between 2003 and 2007. The results confirm the high intensity of migration with a quarter of the total slum population and a third of those aged 15-30 being re
Diasporas scientifiques
Depuis quelques décennies, les pays du Sud assistent à la fuite de leurs « cerveaux » vers les pays du Nord, un phénomène préjudiciable à la formation de leurs cadres et de leurs élites scientifiques nationales, inquiétant pour leur développement. Cependant, on observe depuis quelques années un processus qui pourrait compenser pour partie cette fuite de matière grise. En effet, par des apports informels, les communautés expatriées aident, conseil…
Urbanization Is No Longer Driven by Migration in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (1985-2015)
Across the world, populations have transitioned to inhabiting urban spaces, and in low- and middle-income countries the proportion of people living in cities is expected to continue to increase. Anticipation of this fundamental process calls for a better understanding of the demographic factors that drive the urban transition. By indirectly estimating the joint contribution of migration and administrative reclassification to urban transition in 1…
Is There an Urban Advantage in Child Survival in Sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence From 18 Countries in the 1990s
Evidence of higher child mortality of rural-to-urban migrants compared with urban nonmigrants is growing. However, less attention has been paid to comparing the situation of the same families before and after they migrate with the situation of urban-to-rural migrants. We use DHS data from 18 African countries to compare child mortality rates of six groups based on their mothers’ migration status: rural nonmigrants; urban nonmigrants; rural-to-urb…
Healthy or unhealthy migrants? Identifying internal migration effects on mortality in Africa using health and demographic surveillance systems of the INDEPTH network
Migration has been hypothesised to be selective on health but this healthy migrant hypothesis has generally been tested at destinations, and for only one type of flow, from deprived to better-off areas. The circulatory nature of migration is rarely accounted for. This study examines the relationship between different types of internal migration and adult mortality in Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) populations in West, East, and…
World Urbanization Prospects
This paper proposes to critically examine the United Nations projections on urbanisation. Both the estimates of current trends based on national data and the method of projection are evaluated. The theory of mobility transition is used as an alternativ
Do Migrant Children Face Greater Health Hazards in Slum Settlements? Evidence from Nairobi, Kenya
Between 60% and 70% of Nairobi City's population live in congested informal settlements, commonly referred to as slums, without proper access to sanitation, clean water, health care and other social services. Children in such areas are exposed to disproportionately high health hazards. This paper examines the impact of mother and child migration on the survival of more than 10,000 children in two of Nairobi's informal settlements--Korogocho and V…
Overview of migration, poverty and health dynamics in Nairobi City's slum settlements
The Urbanization, Poverty, and Health Dynamics research program was designed to generate and provide the evidence base that would help governments, development partners, and other stakeholders understand how the urban slum context affects health outcomes in order to stimulate policy and action for uplifting the wellbeing of slum residents. The program was nested into the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System, a uniquely rich lo…
A regional perspective on the economic determinants of urban transition in 19th-century France
Past analyses lead to contradictory results as to whether migration, demographic transition, or economic development is the main driver of urban transition. Results depend heavily on the analytical strategy
Which transition comes first? Urban and demographic transitions in Belgium and Sweden
Several theories compete to explain the main drivers of urbanisation, past and present, in relation to both demographic transition and economic development. One hypothesis is that rural-to-urban migration is the driver of urbanisation; another is that urba
Employment Vulnerability and Earnings in Urban West Africa
Human capital on the move
BACKGROUND: Education, as a key indicator of human capital, is considered one of the major determinants of internal migration, with previous studies suggesting that human capital accumulates in urban areas at the expense of rural areas. However, there is fragmentary evidence concerning the educational correlates of internal migration in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVES: The study questions whether more precise measures of migration in Health and De…
The Contribution of Diffusion to the Fertility Transition in Belgium (1887-1934)
The aim of this study is to investigate whether diffusion contributed to the geography and the speed of the fertility transition. To this end, we assembled a new and unique dataset from historical sources in Belgium containing yearly information on fertility at the municipality level and a range of structural and cultural indicators over 47 years (1887-1934). We use this dataset in diffusion models based on multilevel event-history analysis. We f…
Migration's contribution to the urban transition
The components of urbanisation are important to understand, since urbanisation is closely related to development. Internal migration was key in historical urban transitions, while in contemporary transitions the balance of births and deaths has been the ma
The Crucial Role of Mothers and Siblings in Child Survival
A considerable body of research has studied the effects of siblings on child mortality through birth intervals. This research has commonly focused on older siblings. We argue that birth intervals with younger siblings may have equal or stronger effects on child mortality, even during a mother's pregnancy. Moreover, we contend that birth interval effects need to be considered only when siblings are coresident. Using longitudinal data from 29 Healt…
The Potential of Internal Migration to Shape Rural and Urban Populations Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America
Subnational divergence in the age and sex structures of populations can have far-stretching consequences for development: from marriage markets to the potential for violence to economic growth. With urbanization and the demographic transition still underway, rural and urban populations continue to differ across low- and middle-income countries. We examine the extent by which internal migration contributes to these differences, from 1970 to 2014 u…
The dynamic role of household structure on under-5 mortality in southern and eastern sub-Saharan Africa
Background : Children are born and grow up in households, where they receive essential care, including time, socio-psychological support, and economic resources. Children's immediate environment, captured by household structure, changes over time. Objective : We evaluate the role of dynamic household structure in the risk of child death in southern and eastern Africa. Methods : We use longitudinal data from 15 Health and Demographic Surveillance …
Retours dans le pays d'origine des immigrants en Suède
Bocquier Philippe. Retours dans le pays d'origine des immigrants en Suède. In: Population, 42e année, n°3, 1987. pp. 544-548
Les relations entre mortalité des enfants et espacement des naissances dans la banlieue de Dakar (Sénégal)
Bocquier (Philippe). - Les relations entre mortalité des enfants et espacement des naissances dans la banlieue de Dakar (Sénégal) Jusqu'à présent, les relations entre mortalité infanto-juvénile et espacement des naissances ont été peu étudiées en Afrique de l'Ouest francophone, spécialement en milieu urbain. Dans cet article, nous nous servons des données d'une enquête rétrospective, menée en 1986 sur 2807 femmes de 15 à 49 ans, habitant la banli…
L'analyse des enquêtes biographiques à l'aide du logiciel STATA(R)
Chapitre 2. L’importance relative de la fuite des cerveaux
Pour mesurer l’importance relative des diasporas scientifiques originaires des pays en voie de développement (PVD), il faut les situer dans le contexte général des migrations de main-d’œuvre. Leur potentiel de croissance et leur impact sur le pays d’origine ne peuvent être correctement évalués que si leur part relative dans l’ensemble de la migration de main-d’œuvre est connue. Dans la présente contribution, nous allons tenter, en utilisant les d…
Chapitre 15. Le rôle des instituts de recherche français dans la mobilisation de la diaspora scientifique
Note portant sur l’auteur Les particularités du dispositif français de recherche en Afrique Outre un dispositif diplomatique qui, avec celui des États-Unis, est parmi les plus étendus dans le monde, la France entretient un dispositif de recherche public en expatriation qui n’a pas d’équivalent. La recherche Le dispositif est, contrairement à d’autres formules de coopération, essentiellement basé sur l’affectation de chercheurs et non d’enseignant…
Diasporas scientifiques
Depuis quelques décennies, les pays du Sud assistent à la fuite de leurs « cerveaux » vers les pays du Nord, un phénomène préjudiciable à la formation de leurs cadres et de leurs élites scientifiques nationales, inquiétant pour leur développement. Cependant, on observe depuis quelques années un processus qui pourrait compenser pour partie cette fuite de matière grise. En effet, par des apports informels, les communautés expatriées aident, conseil…
Le déclin et la chute de la Kanu
L'implosion récente de la Kanu est l'événement majeur des élections 2002. Elle doit se lire au regard des contradictions anciennes qui taraudent ce parti politique depuis plusieurs décennies. L'étude des conditions de sa création à la fin des années 1950 et au début des années 1960 permet de cerner le clivage entre la politique d'inclusion nationale défendue par une fraction de l'élite et les revendications de protection des intérêts régionaux (m…
Les impacts sociaux de la crise économique à Nairobi
Cet article analyse les relations entre transition démographique, transition urbaine et croissance économique au Kenya depuis les années 1960. À partir d'une enquête biographique portant sur trois générations de Nairobiens, il examine l'effet de la crise économique sur l'évolution de la structure de l'emploi et souligne l'étonnante domination du secteur formel y compris durant la dernière décennie. Les caractères de l'habitat sont également étudi…
Migration and Urbanisation in Francophone West Africa
How does migration contribute to the urbanisation process in Africa? Migrants have traditionally been viewed as responsible for excessive urban growth, for the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas and for urban surplus labour. In light of recent research, this article proposes to re-examine these views in Francophone west Africa. The first part of the article presents the context of urbanisation in this region, the theoretical framework and the …
Analysing Low Intensity Conflict in Africa using Press Reports
World Urbanization Prospects
This paper proposes to critically examine the United Nations projections on urbanisation. Both the estimates of current trends based on national data and the method of projection are evaluated. The theory of mobility transition is used as an alternativ
Factors Influencing Union Formation in Nairobi, Kenya
Using retrospective data from the Urban Integration Survey conducted in 2001 in Nairobi, Kenya, on a sample of 955 women and men aged 25–54, this paper compares factors influencing entry into union formation for men and women. The analysis uses event history methods, specifically Cox Proportional Hazards regression, stratified by age cohort and run separately by sex. The results indicate that delay in union formation is more pronounced for women …
Do Migrant Children Face Greater Health Hazards in Slum Settlements? Evidence from Nairobi, Kenya
Between 60% and 70% of Nairobi City's population live in congested informal settlements, commonly referred to as slums, without proper access to sanitation, clean water, health care and other social services. Children in such areas are exposed to disproportionately high health hazards. This paper examines the impact of mother and child migration on the survival of more than 10,000 children in two of Nairobi's informal settlements--Korogocho and V…
Employment Vulnerability and Earnings in Urban West Africa
Circular migration patterns and determinants in Nairobi slum settlements
This paper measures migration flows and determinants in two slum settlements in Nairobi City between 2003 and 2007. The results confirm the high intensity of migration with a quarter of the total slum population and a third of those aged 15-30 being re
Overview of migration, poverty and health dynamics in Nairobi City's slum settlements
The Urbanization, Poverty, and Health Dynamics research program was designed to generate and provide the evidence base that would help governments, development partners, and other stakeholders understand how the urban slum context affects health outcomes in order to stimulate policy and action for uplifting the wellbeing of slum residents. The program was nested into the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System, a uniquely rich lo…
The effect of the HIV epidemic and other factors on mortality in older people in rural South Africa
Background Populations in subSaharan Africa are ageing, despite the devastating effect of the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in many countries. In South Africa the ageing population and the consequent increase in the prevalence of the chronic diseases of ageing is forming part of a complex and rapid health and social transition. To understand better the health and mortality experience of older people, we have carried out a 3 year fol…
Is There an Urban Advantage in Child Survival in Sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence From 18 Countries in the 1990s
Evidence of higher child mortality of rural-to-urban migrants compared with urban nonmigrants is growing. However, less attention has been paid to comparing the situation of the same families before and after they migrate with the situation of urban-to-rural migrants. We use DHS data from 18 African countries to compare child mortality rates of six groups based on their mothers’ migration status: rural nonmigrants; urban nonmigrants; rural-to-urb…
Health and demographic surveillance systems
BACKGROUND: Migration is difficult to measure because it is highly repeatable. Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs) provide a unique opportunity to study migration as multiple episodes of migration are captured over time. A conceptual framework is needed to show the public health implications of migration. OBJECTIVE/DESIGN: Research conducted in seven HDSS centres [International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations…
Migration and the epidemiological transition
BACKGROUND: Migration and urbanization are central to sustainable development and health, but data on temporal trends in defined populations are scarce. Healthy men and women migrate because opportunities for employment and betterment are not equally distributed geographically. The disruption can result in unhealthy exposures and environments and income returns for the origin household. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the paper are to describe the …
Which transition comes first? Urban and demographic transitions in Belgium and Sweden
Several theories compete to explain the main drivers of urbanisation, past and present, in relation to both demographic transition and economic development. One hypothesis is that rural-to-urban migration is the driver of urbanisation; another is that urba
Healthy or unhealthy migrants? Identifying internal migration effects on mortality in Africa using health and demographic surveillance systems of the INDEPTH network
Migration has been hypothesised to be selective on health but this healthy migrant hypothesis has generally been tested at destinations, and for only one type of flow, from deprived to better-off areas. The circulatory nature of migration is rarely accounted for. This study examines the relationship between different types of internal migration and adult mortality in Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) populations in West, East, and…
Human capital on the move
BACKGROUND: Education, as a key indicator of human capital, is considered one of the major determinants of internal migration, with previous studies suggesting that human capital accumulates in urban areas at the expense of rural areas. However, there is fragmentary evidence concerning the educational correlates of internal migration in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVES: The study questions whether more precise measures of migration in Health and De…
Are health and demographic surveillance system estimates sufficiently generalisable
Sampling rules do not apply in a Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) that covers exhaustively a district-level population and is not meant to be representative of a national population. We highlight the advantages of HDSS data for causal analysis and identify in the literature the principles of conditional generalisation that best apply to HDSS. A probabilistic view on HDSS data is still justified by the need to model complex causal…
The UCL–Lancet Commission on Migration and Health
Geography (24 works) · Economics (20 works) · Economic growth (18 works) · Population (17 works) · Sociology (17 works) · Demography (15 works) · Medicine (13 works) · Political science (13 works) · Development economics (12 works) · Socioeconomics (11 works)