Ian Holliday
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 297890 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Ian Holliday |
| PRENOMES | Ian |
| SOBRENOME | Holliday |
| ASSINATURA | HOLLIDAY I |
| AFILIAÇÕES | City University of Hong Kong |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 71 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 835 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 68 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 3 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1991 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Humanitarian engagement with Myanmar in the wake of the 2021 coup
The article investigates humanitarian engagement with Myanmar in the wake of the 2021 coup. It opens by examining humanitarian action in Myanmar before 2010, during the 2010s, and after 2021. Drawing on key stakeholder interviews conducted in 2023, it then presents internal and external perspectives on humanitarianism in Myanmar in the 2020s. While the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and the outbreak of war in Gaza in 2023 generated significa…
Humanitarian policy and action in Asia
The article introduces a special issue of the Journal of Asian Public Policy devoted to humanitarian policy and action in Asia. It first sketches the context for contemporary debate and then previews articles by Martin Searle on humanitarianism and the fourth industrial revolution; Alistair D. B. Cook, Jonatan Lassa and Mely Caballero-Anthony on disaster policy reform in Southeast Asia; Junli Lim and Elisabeth Wickeri on humanitarian engagement w…
Liberalism and illiberalism in Myanmar’s National League for Democracy
The National League for Democracy (NLD) was largely synonymous with Myanmar’s semi-democratic intermezzo in 2016–21. For 2 years after the military coup in 2021, it resumed the role of major opposition party performed from 1988 to 2015. Although it was dissolved by the military junta in 2023, it remains a dominant political force inside the country. This article examines the commitment of NLD leaders and voters to liberal agendas. It reviews exis…
Can regime change improve ethnic relations? Perception of ethnic minorities after the 2021 coup in Myanmar
Regime change often exacerbates ethnic conflict. This article examines the curious case of Myanmar, where a 2021 military coup was met, on the surface, with broad-based resistance across a divided society. An important question that therefore arises is whether, below the surface, this unity also took a more positive form of national solidarity. Were deep ethnic cleavages intensified or alleviated by the 2021 coup? This question bears theoretical …
The Theatre of Democratization
This chapter examines key protagonists of the transition, focusing on their agendas and popular support. It looks at the military and the USDP as its extended political wing, the NLD and Aung San Suu Kyi as its overwhelmingly dominant leader, activist monks, ethnic parties and armed groups, and leading political forces in civil society. After a brief theoretical introduction, it evaluates each set of actors through an analysis of relevant records…
International Assistance
International assistance to underdeveloped countries expanded considerably in the twentieth century, with key growth points occurring during World War I, World War II and the aftermath of the Cold War. This chapter examines the historical context and focuses on the current transitional period. It looks at multilateral engagement, mostly through the United Nations (UN) but also through the European Union (EU) and the Association of Southeast Asian…
Transitional Justice
Myanmar’s half-century of authoritarianism from 1962 to 2011 left a bitter legacy of gross human rights abuse and other historical injustice. One issue widely held by researchers to be a contributing factor to establishing a human rights culture and promoting democratization is dealing with the past. In this context, the chapter explores the demand for transitional justice in Myanmar, drawing on interviews with former political prisoners, surveys…
The People and the Constitution
Myanmar’s transition is taking place within a constitutional setting devised by the preceding junta and reflecting a military reading of rule by the people, termed discipline-flourishing democracy. This chapter examines the extent to which the country’s constitutional system is an obstacle to greater democratization, the degree to which its institutions are viewed by the public as legitimate, and the intensity with which the public demands deeper…
Historical Context
Democratization necessarily takes place within a specific national context marked by prior historical experience. This chapter examines historical factors in the Myanmar case as a means of understanding the social and political underpinnings of the current transition. It focuses on legacies of colonization by Britain in the middle of the nineteenth century, a growing nationalist struggle and devastating warfare in the first half of the twentieth …
Explaining Myanmar in Flux and Transition
This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book begins by considering the fundamentals of Myanmar life that provide the context for the analysis of contemporary Myanmar: the state, the defence services, democracy, and ethnicity and identity. It looks at the variety of autonomous areas, special regions, special economic zones and other exceptions to the ordinary patterns of spa…
Limited Liberalism
This chapter focuses on puzzling issues arising from the explorations undertaken in preceding chapters, and captures them in the notion of limited liberalism. It presents this concept as a critical analytical tool for understanding the nature of Myanmar’s transition. It opens by describing some contradictions that emerged from our exploration of Myanmar in reform, sets them in comparative perspective, and probes their limits or boundaries. It the…
Frontispiece
Acronyms
AAPPAssistance Association for Political Prisoners (Burma)AFPFLAnti-Fascist People’s Freedom LeagueANPArakan National PartyARSAArakan Rohingya Salvation Ar
Conclusion
This chapter returns to the book’s core research question: what are the prospects for liberal democracy in Myanmar? It reviews answers generated by the six preceding substantive chapters, and pulls them together into a conclusion. It notes that the political situation inside the country is better at the end of the 2010s than it was at the beginning, with solid popular support for the shift away from authoritarianism. It further notes that opportu…
Note on Usage
For the past thirty years, controversy has surrounded the English-language name of the country explored in this book, as well as the names of many places within it. For the period since 1989, we use the system introduced by the then military junta and registered with the United Nations: Myanmar, Yangon, Kayin, Rakhine, Ayeyarwady, and so on. For the period before 1989, we use the system codified under British colonial rule: Burma, Rangoon, Karen,…
Copyright Page
Group Relations and Tolerance
Respect for ethnic and religious minorities is widely considered essential for creation of a stable democracy. In the context of Myanmar’s transition, this chapter assesses group relations, investigates majority and minority perceptions of other groups, evaluates constitutional provisions on equality and government policy on citizenship and interfaith marriage, assesses tolerance of four political, religious, ethnic, and national groups, and look…
Appendix
Myanmar futures
This chapter provides an in-depth survey and analysis of the many cultural, political and economic shifts currently underway and the key challenges that the country faces. It considers what a successful transition in Myanmar might look like. A fundamental component of any transition to democratic society is adherence to international norms relating to democracy and a broad portfolio of human rights in the political, civil, economic, social and cu…
Democracy
This chapter examines the career of democracy in Burma/Myanmar by focusing on context reaching back to the nineteenth century, initial experience from 1948 to 1962, military years from 1962 to 2011, and attempts since 2011 to make a sustainable transition. Any democracy is an evolving political culture. Once limited to antecedents in ancient Greece, where it was widely seen as an undesirable political model, democracy has become a worldwide pheno…
The Executive
When Burma gained independence from Britain in January 1948, it was fitted out with a Westminster-style system of parliamentary government in which prime minister and cabinet formed the most significant parts of the executive. This chapter seeks to contextualize the attempts made since 2011 to build a functioning executive and explores how the system operates. It looks briefly at the executive from 1948 to 2011. The chapter discusses the underpin…
Liberalism and Democracy in Myanmar
Historic Myanmar elections in November 2015 paved the way for an NLD government led by Aung San Suu Kyi to take office in March 2016, and saw the country deepen its graduated transition away from authoritarian rule. Nevertheless, military forces that for decades had dominated national politics remain privileged in a constitutional framework designed to deliver discipline-flourishing democracy. In August 2017, the military intensified its campaign…
Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Myanmar
After decades of mismanagement and direct military rule, Myanmar’s contested transition to a more democratic government has rapidly shifted the outlook in this significant Southeast Asian nation. Since 2011, the removal of Western sanctions and new foreign investments have resulted in high rates of economic growth and an expanding middle class, albeit from a very low base. In a result unthinkable a few years earlier, former political prisoner and…
Institution Building in Myanmar
Myanmar has long been rigidly centralized. In 2011, however, 14 regional and state assemblies were established. Drawing on extensive fieldwork, this article evaluates the performance of 10 assemblies toward the end of their initial five-year mandate. It finds little evidence of a territorial dispersal of power
Welfare Capitalism in East Asia. Social Policy in the Tiger Economies
Social Policy has been a key dimension of dynamic economic growth in East Asia's 'little tigers' and is also a prominent strand of their responses to the financial crisis of the late 1990s. This systematic comparative analysis of social policy in the region focuses on the key sectors of education, health, housing and social security. It sets these sectoral analyses in wider contexts of debates about developmental states, the East Asian welfare mo…
Productivist Welfare Capitalism
The article engages with the literature on the ‘East Asian welfare model’ by using Esping-Andersen's ‘worlds of welfare capitalism’ approach to analyze social policy in the region. It describes the main features of a productivist world of welfare capitalism that stands alongside Esping-Andersen's conservative, liberal and social democratic worlds. It then shows that Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan are all part of this world, t…
East Asian social policy in the wake of the financial crisis
English For some years, a productivist strand characterised debates about a possible East Asian welfare model. However, recent policy initiatives, prompted partly by the Asian financial crisis and partly by far wider economic, social and political changes, cast doubt on the continuing validity of the productivist thesis in an East Asian context. This article reviews the evidence, and argues that while social policy has some nonproductivist tenden…
Is the British State Hollowing Out
The Korean welfare state
When the Asian financial crisis took a heavy toll on Korea in the late 1990s, policy makers responded by extending welfare policy. For many analysts, this was a paradoxical move, marking a fundamental reconfiguration of the social policy system. This article contests that interpretation. It examines the changes made to Korean social policy in recent years, and considers their impact on the Korean welfare state. It notes both that welfare extensio…
Addressing Myanmar's Citizenship Crisis
Among many problematic issues surfacing in reformist Myanmar is a citizenship crisis with four main dimensions. First, in a state with fragile civil liberties, skewed political rights and limited social rights, there is a broad curtailment of citizenship. Second, Rohingya Muslims living mainly in Rakhine State are denied citizenship, and other Muslims throughout the country are increasingly affected by this denial. Third, designated ethnic minori…
The Blair Government and the Core Executive
The article contests the view that the Blair government has presided over the demise of cabinet government in the UK, and the rise of a kind of British presidentialism. By examining changes made at the very heart of government, chiefly in the Prime Minister's and Cabinet Offices, it argues that change under Labour marks the latest stage in the evolution of Britain's still functioning system of cabinet government. Moreover, recent reforms, like so…
Precarity and Political Immobilisation
An estimated 1.5 million citizens of Burma reside as refugees or migrants in Thailand, where harsh treatment, harassment and social stigmas contribute to a climate of precarity. Although one possible course of action for any community under strain is political mobilisation, for migrants from Burma in the northern city of Chiang Mai, high degrees of exploitation and insecurity have generated an overwhelming disinterest in political issues. The art…
Liberalism and Democracy in Myanmar
Historic Myanmar elections in November 2015 paved the way for an NLD government led by Aung San Suu Kyi to take office in March 2016, and saw the country deepen its graduated transition away from authoritarian rule. Nevertheless, military forces that for decades had dominated national politics remain privileged in a constitutional framework designed to deliver discipline-flourishing democracy. In August 2017, the military intensified its campaign…
Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Myanmar
After decades of mismanagement and direct military rule, Myanmar’s contested transition to a more democratic government has rapidly shifted the outlook in this significant Southeast Asian nation. Since 2011, the removal of Western sanctions and new foreign investments have resulted in high rates of economic growth and an expanding middle class, albeit from a very low base. In a result unthinkable a few years earlier, former political prisoner and…
Burma Redux
Contemporary Myanmar faces immense political challenges, and the role outsiders might play in dealing with them is highly contentious. Drawing on views expressed by local citizens, Burma redux argues for committed strategies of grassroots involvement that engage international aid agencies, global corporations and foreign states. The wide-ranging discussion positions Myanmar's history, contemporary politics and social circumstances within broader …
Voting and Violence in Myanmar
Democratization studies now highlight potentially derailing problems such as warlike nationalism and violent ethnic conflict. In Myanmar, where ethnic tension runs deep, the risks are especially great. Political reformers should work within the framework of the military junta's planned 2010 general election, and pay close attention to nation building
Rethinking the United States's Myanmar Policy
U.S. sanctions against Myanmar, intensified in July 2003, are not working. The military junta remains firmly in power. Opposition to it is still repressed. Washington should adopt a more nuanced carrot-and-stick approach aimed at strengthening constructive engagement efforts led by Myanmar's neighbors in East and Southeast Asia
Myanmar in 2012
In 2012, Myanmar experienced another tumultuous year of reform. Executive, legislative, and civic institutions advanced, but public administration and the judiciary remained largely unchanged. While some ethnic relations improved, others descended into bitter conflict. Economic and social development was patchy. Links with the U.S. and its allies strengthened considerably
Doing Business with Rights Violating Regimes Corporate Social Responsibility and Myanmar’s Military Junta
National Unity Struggles in Myanmar
In common with many Asian governments, Myanmar's military junta makes frequent appeals to harmony. However, incessant demands that the nation cultivate a narrowly conceived and centrally imposed unity make this a degenerate case of governance for harmony in which militaristic calls for discipline, strength, and vigilance hold sway
After 1997
Additional informationNotes on contributorsRay YepWe gratefully acknowledge project funding through a City University of Hong Kong Direct Allocation Grant, and thank Yu To-ming for excellent research assistance
Beijing and the Myanmar problem
The re-emergence of China as a major economic and political power has drawn attention to the role it might play in solving regional problems. Prominent among many Asian issues on Beijing's agenda is its southwestern neighbour, Myanmar, and in particular the military machine that has long ruled the country with an iron fist. The junta in place today is both acknowledged as problematic by policymakers in Beijing, and seen by the wider world as a re…
A High Degree of Autonomy? Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 1997–2002
Ethnicity and Democratization in Myanmar
Myanmar is embarking on political reforms that could prove to be the first stage of a gradual transition to democracy. However, critical problems of ethnic discord remain to be resolved. This article draws on the literature on multiculturalism to examine ways forward. First it considers how other democratic states have sought to manage ethnic relations, and constructs a matrix of four ideal types: multiculturalism; ethnic enclaves; assimilation; …
The Conditions of Local Change
Thinking about Transitional Justice in Myanmar
In recent decades, transitional justice has featured on the political agenda of many post-authoritarian states. In Myanmar, where a partial but palpable transition is currently taking place, accounting for a dark past and securing a democratic future are key demands of opposition groups. However, elite-led reforms implemented after a March 2011 switch to quasi-civilian rule pay little attention to justice. This article thus surveys the possibilit…
Can regime change improve ethnic relations? Perception of ethnic minorities after the 2021 coup in Myanmar
Regime change often exacerbates ethnic conflict. This article examines the curious case of Myanmar, where a 2021 military coup was met, on the surface, with broad-based resistance across a divided society. An important question that therefore arises is whether, below the surface, this unity also took a more positive form of national solidarity. Were deep ethnic cleavages intensified or alleviated by the 2021 coup? This question bears theoretical …
Japan and the Myanmar Stalemate
For years Myanmar has been caught in a political stalemate generated both by deadlock between the military government and the democratic opposition, and by polar differences between China and the United States. In searching for ways forward, analysts might therefore want to look beyond these dominant actors. This article considers the contribution that a regional power, Japan, could make to political change. It examines first political stalemate …
Social capital in Hong Kong
International sanctions or international justice? Shaping political development in Myanmar
International sanctions, which commonly seek to engineer target state compliance with human rights norms, often fail to deliver on their objectives. In recent years, however, a fresh approach has emerged through the rise of international justice, which can act as either a complement or an alternative to sanctions. In this article, the authors develop three hypotheses. Political change will be facilitated by: (1) lifting sanctions; (2) guarantees …
The Conditions of Local Change
The new suburban right in British local government — conservative views of the local 1
1991). The new suburban right in British local government — conservative views of the local. Local Government Studies: Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 45-62
Scottish Limits to Thatcherism
The Politics of the Channel Tunnel
The Politics of the Channel Tunnel Get access IAN HOLLIDAY IAN HOLLIDAY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Parliamentary Affairs, Volume 45, Issue 2, April 1992, Pages 188–204, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pa.a052350 Published: 01 April 1992
The Conservative Party and Constitutional Reform
Journal Article The Conservative Party and Constitutional Reform: the Case of Devolution Get access MARTIN BURCH, MARTIN BURCH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IAN HOLLIDAY IAN HOLLIDAY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Parliamentary Affairs, Volume 45, Issue 3, July 1992, Pages 386–398, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pa.a052366 Published: 01 July 1992
On Michael Oakeshott
Michael Oakeshott was one of this country's and one of this century's leading writers on politics, contributing both a series of incisive commentaries and a number of profoundly original essays to our understanding. Chiefly through his writings on Hobbes — many of which were collected in Hobbes on Civil Association (1975) — and through his two major sets of essays on original themes — published as Rationalism in Politics (1962) and On Human Condu…
Une Présidente Vertein Nord-Pas de Calais
Dealing in Green Votes
Conditions In The Market For Votes Have Changed throughout Europe in recent years. Markets which for much of the post-war period were characterized chiefly by voter loyalty to governing parties and plausible challengers to them, have latterly been subject to significant elements of uncertainty and fragmentation. Not only have votes been switched with increasing rapidity, they have also been cast increasingly for parties which lie outside hitherto…
Living on the edge
Like their opposite numbers in other European states, the Spanish greens have tended to fare very badly in state elections. In the most recent (1996) general election, the green parties stood on their own platform and secured more than 0.5% in only one of Spain's 17 electoral regions. In most others, they scored so poorly that their vote was not even recorded in official statistics. In recent years the greens have taken steps towards achieving gr…
Is the British State Hollowing Out
Productivist Welfare Capitalism
The article engages with the literature on the ‘East Asian welfare model’ by using Esping-Andersen's ‘worlds of welfare capitalism’ approach to analyze social policy in the region. It describes the main features of a productivist world of welfare capitalism that stands alongside Esping-Andersen's conservative, liberal and social democratic worlds. It then shows that Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan are all part of this world, t…
Social capital in Hong Kong
Steering the British State in the Information
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The Health Care Miracle in East and Southeast Asia
By any standard, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore are remarkable health care performers. In this article we document their performance - which in each case combines excellent outcomes with low cost - and argue that across all three cases it has a lot to do with the British colonial legacy. In particular, this legacy has generated a strong state role in health care provision. On the basis of these three experiences, we hold that health care refor…
Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies
This book is one in a series (Comparative Politics) for students and teachers of political science that deals with contemporary issues in comparative government and politics. It examines political parties in contemporary democracies, asking how relevant and vital they are, whether they fulfill the functions that any stable and effective democracy might expect of them, or whether they are little more than moribund anachronisms, relics of a past ag…
New Public Management and Beyond
In the past two decades, British public administration has been subjected to substantial reform. First, a set of changes that came to be identified with the New Public Management (NPM) movement altered the structures and operations of the state. More recently, moves toward information-age government, or e-government, have prompted further change. This article examines first the nature, mechanics, and causes of change in British public administrat…
Governing from the Centre
The article contributes to debates about core executive capacity by analyzing the British and Japanese cases. First it examines the historical development, contemporary structures and current operations of the two cases. Then it compares their performance in five key areas: overseeing government policy in the domestic sphere; overseeing government policy in the external sphere; managing executive relations with the legislature; overseeing public …
When is a cause just
The September 11 terrorist strikes prompted renewed interest in a debate about just cause that has been increasingly open since the demise of the Cold War and the shift to a more multilateral and interventionist world order. This article contributes to that debate by looking first into the just war tradition to argue for a conceptual revision that equates just cause with jus ad bellum (just recourse to war). It then seeks to specify the component…
A High Degree of Autonomy? Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 1997–2002
Traditional Medicines in Modern Societies
Modern scientific medicine is increasingly challenged by complementary and alternative therapies. Reviewing policy options for contemporary healthcare development, the World Health Organization's first global strategy on traditional and alternative medicine, released in May 2002, advocates integration. However, experience in East Asia, the only part of the world where state of the art modern scientific facilities are commonly found alongside thri…
Welfare Capitalism in East Asia
Social Policy has been a key dimension of dynamic economic growth in East Asia's 'little tigers' and is also a prominent strand of their responses to the financial crisis of the late 1990s. This syste
Governance across Borders
Steps are currently being taken to enhance economic and political integration across the various borders that divide Hong Kong and Macau from the Guangdong parts of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in southern China. As China's experience with integration of this kind is limited, the article looks for lessons to the European Union (EU), where such experience is extensive. It argues that the benefits of trans-border integration do not accrue automatica…
Social Policy Under One Country, Two Systems
Hong Kong's 1997 reversion to Chinese sovereignty brought two hitherto distinctive social policy systems into one country. As Hong Kong is gradually assimilated into China in the coming decades, the two social policy systems will need to identify elements of convergence. In this article, we argue those elements can be found in parallel efforts to curtail the reach of the state, extend the role of the market, enhance individual responsibility, and…
Ethics of Intervention
The diverse and complex ways in which individuals from one society now engage in the political affairs of individuals living in other societies have generated a wealth of academic and practitioner analysis. In ensuing debates, ethics of intervention have featured prominently. However, just war theory, traditionally a key frame for ethical analysis, plays a comparatively small part in contemporary discourse. This article thus examines how just war…
Bibliographie/Bibliography
Political science (60 obras) · Sociology (45 obras) · Politics (43 obras) · Law (42 obras) · Law (35 obras) · Asian Geopolitics and Ethnography (34 obras) · Political economy (30 obras) · Economics (25 obras) · Democracy (20 obras) · Development economics (19 obras)