Ólöf Garðarsdóttir
Biographic Data
| ID | 298685 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ólöf Garðarsdóttir |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ólöf |
| FAMILY NAME | Garðarsdóttir |
| SIGNATURE | GARÐARSDÓTTIR Ó |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Iceland |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7105-7598 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 84 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 16 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
From City Lights to Country Nights? The Long-Term Effects of Gossip in Rural Communities on Rural Return Migration Preferences and Intentions
This study explores the role of gossip in rural communities as a barrier to rural return migration. Previous research indicates that perceptions of social control and limited tolerance for diversity diminish residential satisfaction, especially among young women and sexual minorities, and that perceptions of gossip predict migration intentions among both women and men. Our study focuses on the long-term effects of gossip-related out-migration fro…
Is internal migration declining in Iceland? Intensities, geographical patterns and population composition 1986–2017
The Nordic countries have higher rates of internal migration than most other Western societies and have not always shared in the declines noted in other countries. This paper examines migration in Iceland during the period 1986–2017 to add to the wider international literature on migration trends. Compared with its Nordic neighbours, Iceland has the highest rates of internal migration and currently also the greatest porosity in terms of internati…
Disobedient Boys and Promiscuous Girls
Since the 1990s, numerous public investigations have been carried out around the world on the abuse of children in out-of-home care. In the case of Iceland, commissions were appointed by the Icelandic government in 2007 to examine the historical abuse of children and youth in institutions monitored by local or state authorities during the second half of the 20th century. All the institutions subject to national investigations in Iceland were crea…
Fathers’ Use of Parental Leave and Union Dissolution
Parental leave policies and continued childbearing in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden
Demographic theories maintain that family policies that support gender equality may lead to higher fertility levels in postindustrial societies. This phenomenon is often exemplified by the situation in the Nordic countries. These countries have parental le
Backlash in gender equality? Fathers’ parental leave during a time of economic crisis
In Europe, there has been an increasing emphasis on the equal rights of men and women to parental leave. Nordic countries such as Iceland are often seen as forerunners in the implementation of laws that promote gender equality by giving each parent non-transferable rights to parental leave. In October 2008, the Icelandic banking system collapsed and a severe economic recession followed. This can be seen as a natural experimental intervention and …
The Implications of Divorce in late 19Th- and early 20Th-Century Iceland
This study looks at the socio-economic status of divorced men and women in two Icelandic censuses: the censuses of 1880 and 1920. In 1880, Iceland was an almost exclusively rural society, in which only a tiny fraction of the population lived in towns. In 1920, almost two-thirds of the population lived in towns. In line with other studies, it is shown that divorced persons were more likely to live in urban than rural settings. Contrary to most oth…
Long-Term Perspectives on Divorce in the Nordic Countries – Introduction
The Nordic countries are often put forward as forerunners in the acceptance of permissive divorce practices and in the shift away from a patriarchal family system during the twentieth century. This special issue focuses on the long term historical path dependencies that make Nordic institutions and norms regarding divorce stand out as liberal and individualistic in an international comparison, but also shed new light on the differences that exist…
Residence patterns of the elderly in early eighteenth-century Iceland
In this article the 1703 Icelandic census is used to shed light on the living arrangements of the elderly during a period of harsh climatic and social conditions. The census is unique in the sense that it includes an entire population of a country at an early date. It was taken on the initiative of the authorities in Denmark with the objective of examining the dire conditions of the Icelandic population and, in particular, assessing the number of…
Public health measures against neonatal tetanus on the island of Vestmannaeyjar (Iceland) during the 19th century
The article presents a study of neonatal tetanus on the tiny island of Vestmannaeyjar (Iceland) during the 18th and 19th centuries. At an early date, Vestmannaeyjar was known for its high levels of mortality from neonatal tetanus. This appalling mortality is analysed, inter alia, on the basis of parish registers at the individual family level. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, more than three out of four newborns on the island died d…
Infant mortality in the Nordic countries, 1780–1930
This article summarizes aspects of the decline in infant mortality in the five Nordic countries. During the nineteenth century, both the levels of infant mortality and its development differed among the Nordic countries. At an early date, Denmark, Norway and Sweden stood out as the countries with the lowest levels in Europe whereas levels of infant mortality in Iceland and Finland were comparatively high. Within the countries there were large reg…
The North Atlantic Population Project An Overview
The North Atlantic Population Project (NAPP) brings together complete-count census data from late-nineteenth-century Canada, Great Britain, Iceland, Norway, and the United States into a single harmonized database. When released in 2005, the final version of the database will include the records of nearly 90 million people. The project will consistently code all variables across the different countries, while still retaining important national var…
The implications of illegitimacy in late-nineteenth-century Iceland
In his article ‘Premarital sexual permissiveness and illegitimacy in the Nordic Countries’, Richard F. Tomasson discusses high illegitimacy rates in preindustrial Iceland. He points out that during the nineteenth century children born out of wedlock were proportionally more numerous in Iceland than in other European countries. In Tomasson's view high illegitimacy rates in Iceland were due to liberal attitudes towards premarital sex – attitudes th…
Naming practices and the importance of kinship networks in early nineteenth-century iceland
The article argues that parents in early nineteenth-century Iceland felt inclined to strengthen kinship ties by naming children for their grandparents. This was particularly the case with oldest children in the family. Moreover, naming traditions indicate that parents tried to preserve the patrilineage by naming their first-born sons for grandparents on the father's side. Parents felt much freer in the choice of names for their youngest children,…
Transition into widowhood
Nous avons analysé la place des veuves âgées de 50 ans et plus dans les ménages ainsi que leurs occupations socio-professionnelles à partir du recensement islandais de 1901. Nous avons également utilisé les données longitudinales pour examiner la relation pouvant exister entre position dans le ménage (et migration) et temps ecoulé depuis le début du veuvage. Pour la plupart des Islandaises nées à la fin du XIXe siècle, perdre son mari signifiait …
Availability of Offspring and the Household Position of Elderly Women
Retirement possibilities in nineteenth-century Iceland were largely restricted to residing within the household of an offspring. Using evidence extracted from the national census of 1901 we attempt to evaluate the importance which the availability of offspring played the household position of elderly married women and widows. The results indicate that women who were forced to give up headship without the possibility of retirement within the house…
Infant mortality in the Nordic countries, 1780–1930
This article summarizes aspects of the decline in infant mortality in the five Nordic countries. During the nineteenth century, both the levels of infant mortality and its development differed among the Nordic countries. At an early date, Denmark, Norway and Sweden stood out as the countries with the lowest levels in Europe whereas levels of infant mortality in Iceland and Finland were comparatively high. Within the countries there were large reg…
Backlash in gender equality? Fathers’ parental leave during a time of economic crisis
In Europe, there has been an increasing emphasis on the equal rights of men and women to parental leave. Nordic countries such as Iceland are often seen as forerunners in the implementation of laws that promote gender equality by giving each parent non-transferable rights to parental leave. In October 2008, the Icelandic banking system collapsed and a severe economic recession followed. This can be seen as a natural experimental intervention and …
The North Atlantic Population Project An Overview
The North Atlantic Population Project (NAPP) brings together complete-count census data from late-nineteenth-century Canada, Great Britain, Iceland, Norway, and the United States into a single harmonized database. When released in 2005, the final version of the database will include the records of nearly 90 million people. The project will consistently code all variables across the different countries, while still retaining important national var…
Fathers’ Use of Parental Leave and Union Dissolution
Parental leave policies and continued childbearing in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden
Demographic theories maintain that family policies that support gender equality may lead to higher fertility levels in postindustrial societies. This phenomenon is often exemplified by the situation in the Nordic countries. These countries have parental le
Long-Term Perspectives on Divorce in the Nordic Countries – Introduction
The Nordic countries are often put forward as forerunners in the acceptance of permissive divorce practices and in the shift away from a patriarchal family system during the twentieth century. This special issue focuses on the long term historical path dependencies that make Nordic institutions and norms regarding divorce stand out as liberal and individualistic in an international comparison, but also shed new light on the differences that exist…
Is internal migration declining in Iceland? Intensities, geographical patterns and population composition 1986–2017
The Nordic countries have higher rates of internal migration than most other Western societies and have not always shared in the declines noted in other countries. This paper examines migration in Iceland during the period 1986–2017 to add to the wider international literature on migration trends. Compared with its Nordic neighbours, Iceland has the highest rates of internal migration and currently also the greatest porosity in terms of internati…
The implications of illegitimacy in late-nineteenth-century Iceland
In his article ‘Premarital sexual permissiveness and illegitimacy in the Nordic Countries’, Richard F. Tomasson discusses high illegitimacy rates in preindustrial Iceland. He points out that during the nineteenth century children born out of wedlock were proportionally more numerous in Iceland than in other European countries. In Tomasson's view high illegitimacy rates in Iceland were due to liberal attitudes towards premarital sex – attitudes th…
Naming practices and the importance of kinship networks in early nineteenth-century iceland
The article argues that parents in early nineteenth-century Iceland felt inclined to strengthen kinship ties by naming children for their grandparents. This was particularly the case with oldest children in the family. Moreover, naming traditions indicate that parents tried to preserve the patrilineage by naming their first-born sons for grandparents on the father's side. Parents felt much freer in the choice of names for their youngest children,…
Residence patterns of the elderly in early eighteenth-century Iceland
In this article the 1703 Icelandic census is used to shed light on the living arrangements of the elderly during a period of harsh climatic and social conditions. The census is unique in the sense that it includes an entire population of a country at an early date. It was taken on the initiative of the authorities in Denmark with the objective of examining the dire conditions of the Icelandic population and, in particular, assessing the number of…
Transition into widowhood
Nous avons analysé la place des veuves âgées de 50 ans et plus dans les ménages ainsi que leurs occupations socio-professionnelles à partir du recensement islandais de 1901. Nous avons également utilisé les données longitudinales pour examiner la relation pouvant exister entre position dans le ménage (et migration) et temps ecoulé depuis le début du veuvage. Pour la plupart des Islandaises nées à la fin du XIXe siècle, perdre son mari signifiait …
Availability of Offspring and the Household Position of Elderly Women
Retirement possibilities in nineteenth-century Iceland were largely restricted to residing within the household of an offspring. Using evidence extracted from the national census of 1901 we attempt to evaluate the importance which the availability of offspring played the household position of elderly married women and widows. The results indicate that women who were forced to give up headship without the possibility of retirement within the house…
Availability of Offspring and the Household Position of Elderly Women
Retirement possibilities in nineteenth-century Iceland were largely restricted to residing within the household of an offspring. Using evidence extracted from the national census of 1901 we attempt to evaluate the importance which the availability of offspring played the household position of elderly married women and widows. The results indicate that women who were forced to give up headship without the possibility of retirement within the house…
Transition into widowhood
Nous avons analysé la place des veuves âgées de 50 ans et plus dans les ménages ainsi que leurs occupations socio-professionnelles à partir du recensement islandais de 1901. Nous avons également utilisé les données longitudinales pour examiner la relation pouvant exister entre position dans le ménage (et migration) et temps ecoulé depuis le début du veuvage. Pour la plupart des Islandaises nées à la fin du XIXe siècle, perdre son mari signifiait …
Naming practices and the importance of kinship networks in early nineteenth-century iceland
The article argues that parents in early nineteenth-century Iceland felt inclined to strengthen kinship ties by naming children for their grandparents. This was particularly the case with oldest children in the family. Moreover, naming traditions indicate that parents tried to preserve the patrilineage by naming their first-born sons for grandparents on the father's side. Parents felt much freer in the choice of names for their youngest children,…
The implications of illegitimacy in late-nineteenth-century Iceland
In his article ‘Premarital sexual permissiveness and illegitimacy in the Nordic Countries’, Richard F. Tomasson discusses high illegitimacy rates in preindustrial Iceland. He points out that during the nineteenth century children born out of wedlock were proportionally more numerous in Iceland than in other European countries. In Tomasson's view high illegitimacy rates in Iceland were due to liberal attitudes towards premarital sex – attitudes th…
The North Atlantic Population Project An Overview
The North Atlantic Population Project (NAPP) brings together complete-count census data from late-nineteenth-century Canada, Great Britain, Iceland, Norway, and the United States into a single harmonized database. When released in 2005, the final version of the database will include the records of nearly 90 million people. The project will consistently code all variables across the different countries, while still retaining important national var…
Infant mortality in the Nordic countries, 1780–1930
This article summarizes aspects of the decline in infant mortality in the five Nordic countries. During the nineteenth century, both the levels of infant mortality and its development differed among the Nordic countries. At an early date, Denmark, Norway and Sweden stood out as the countries with the lowest levels in Europe whereas levels of infant mortality in Iceland and Finland were comparatively high. Within the countries there were large reg…
Public health measures against neonatal tetanus on the island of Vestmannaeyjar (Iceland) during the 19th century
The article presents a study of neonatal tetanus on the tiny island of Vestmannaeyjar (Iceland) during the 18th and 19th centuries. At an early date, Vestmannaeyjar was known for its high levels of mortality from neonatal tetanus. This appalling mortality is analysed, inter alia, on the basis of parish registers at the individual family level. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, more than three out of four newborns on the island died d…
Residence patterns of the elderly in early eighteenth-century Iceland
In this article the 1703 Icelandic census is used to shed light on the living arrangements of the elderly during a period of harsh climatic and social conditions. The census is unique in the sense that it includes an entire population of a country at an early date. It was taken on the initiative of the authorities in Denmark with the objective of examining the dire conditions of the Icelandic population and, in particular, assessing the number of…
Long-Term Perspectives on Divorce in the Nordic Countries – Introduction
The Nordic countries are often put forward as forerunners in the acceptance of permissive divorce practices and in the shift away from a patriarchal family system during the twentieth century. This special issue focuses on the long term historical path dependencies that make Nordic institutions and norms regarding divorce stand out as liberal and individualistic in an international comparison, but also shed new light on the differences that exist…
Backlash in gender equality? Fathers’ parental leave during a time of economic crisis
In Europe, there has been an increasing emphasis on the equal rights of men and women to parental leave. Nordic countries such as Iceland are often seen as forerunners in the implementation of laws that promote gender equality by giving each parent non-transferable rights to parental leave. In October 2008, the Icelandic banking system collapsed and a severe economic recession followed. This can be seen as a natural experimental intervention and …
The Implications of Divorce in late 19Th- and early 20Th-Century Iceland
This study looks at the socio-economic status of divorced men and women in two Icelandic censuses: the censuses of 1880 and 1920. In 1880, Iceland was an almost exclusively rural society, in which only a tiny fraction of the population lived in towns. In 1920, almost two-thirds of the population lived in towns. In line with other studies, it is shown that divorced persons were more likely to live in urban than rural settings. Contrary to most oth…
Parental leave policies and continued childbearing in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden
Demographic theories maintain that family policies that support gender equality may lead to higher fertility levels in postindustrial societies. This phenomenon is often exemplified by the situation in the Nordic countries. These countries have parental le
Is internal migration declining in Iceland? Intensities, geographical patterns and population composition 1986–2017
The Nordic countries have higher rates of internal migration than most other Western societies and have not always shared in the declines noted in other countries. This paper examines migration in Iceland during the period 1986–2017 to add to the wider international literature on migration trends. Compared with its Nordic neighbours, Iceland has the highest rates of internal migration and currently also the greatest porosity in terms of internati…
Disobedient Boys and Promiscuous Girls
Since the 1990s, numerous public investigations have been carried out around the world on the abuse of children in out-of-home care. In the case of Iceland, commissions were appointed by the Icelandic government in 2007 to examine the historical abuse of children and youth in institutions monitored by local or state authorities during the second half of the 20th century. All the institutions subject to national investigations in Iceland were crea…
Fathers’ Use of Parental Leave and Union Dissolution
From City Lights to Country Nights? The Long-Term Effects of Gossip in Rural Communities on Rural Return Migration Preferences and Intentions
This study explores the role of gossip in rural communities as a barrier to rural return migration. Previous research indicates that perceptions of social control and limited tolerance for diversity diminish residential satisfaction, especially among young women and sexual minorities, and that perceptions of gossip predict migration intentions among both women and men. Our study focuses on the long-term effects of gossip-related out-migration fro…
Sociology (12 works) · Geography (11 works) · Demography (9 works) · Economics (8 works) · Political science (8 works) · Population (8 works) · Demographic economics (7 works) · Demography (7 works) · Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving (6 works) · Migration, Aging, and Tourism Studies (6 works)