Björn Ekman
Biographic Data
| ID | 300405 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Björn Ekman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Björn |
| FAMILY NAME | Ekman |
| SIGNATURE | EKMAN B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Lund University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7630-7904 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 2 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 13 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Assessing the determinants of out-of-pocket health expenditures among Cambodian households in informal employment using survey data
Our findings emphasize the necessity of integrating nonpoor informal workers and their dependents into formal prepayment schemes to reduce OOPE and enhance financial protection on Cambodia's path toward universal health coverage. Strategically engaging with private providers and pharmacies to improve access to essential services and medicines, coupled with the implementation of an effective referral system are important policy considerations to t…
Factors associated with experiencing informal caregiving as demanding and ability to work among working carers
Informal carers in paid work are known as working carers (WKCs). This combination of care and work is particular to them, and their support needs may differ from other informal carers. This exploratory study describes the caregiving-related factors associated with experiencing caregiving as demanding and a decreased ability to work in WKCs. The Swedish National Carer Survey was conducted in a stratified random sample (N = 30,009) of the populatio…
What contributes to out-of-pocket health expenditure in Cambodia's uncovered population? A distributional and decomposition analysis using survey data
These findings underscore the need to improve financial protection for uncovered households. The Cambodian government should consider expanding prepayment schemes that directly address the main healthcare drivers identified in this study. Schemes should provide effective access to comprehensive outpatient care and essential medications, and necessary services at higher care levels, including in the private sector. Addressing the rising burden of …
From office to digital primary care services
The use of digital technologies to deliver primary health care has increased over the past decade. While some technologies have been shown to be medically effective and efficient, the effects of digital primary care on the policy goal of equality in the use of such types of care have not been studied using large register data. The aim of this study was to analyse how digital contacts differ from officebased visits by income as an indicator of soc…
Assessing progress towards universal health coverage in Cambodia
Over the past decades, many low- and middle-income countries have implemented health financing and system reforms to progress towards universal health coverage (UHC). In the case of Cambodia, out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) remains the main source of current health expenditure after several decades of reform, exposing households to financial risks when accessing healthcare and violating UHC's key tenet of financial protection. We use pre-pandemi…
Under-five mortality and maternal HIV status in Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Mortality among children under five remains a significant health challenge across sub-Saharan Africa. HIV/AIDS is one of the leading contributors to the relatively slow decline in under-five mortality in this region. In Tanzania, HIV prevalence among under-five children is high and 90% of all infections are due to mother-to-child transmission. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to examine the association between maternal HIV-positive status …
Socioeconomic and clinical factors explaining the risk of unstructured antiretroviral therapy interruptions among Kenyan adult patients
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the extent of unstructured HIV treatment interruptions (TIs) and investigate the effects of socioeconomic, socio-demographic, HIV treatment-related and clinical factors on the magnitude and rate of the same among adult patients at a Kenyan regional referral center. Four hundred and twenty-one adult patients actively receiving antiretroviral therapy at Nyeri County Referral Hospital since 2003 were r…
Association between patient engagement in HIV care and antiretroviral therapy medication adherence
Consistent individual effort in engagement in HIV medical services has been associated with positive health outcomes in people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, whether these benefits are facilitated by improved medication adherence has not been widely studied. This study aimed to investigate the marginal effect of engagement in HIV care on medication adherence at a public health facility in Kenya. Between February and April 2013, 392 patients on…
Inconsistent condom use among Ugandan university students from a gender perspective
BACKGROUND: Feminization of the HIV/AIDS epidemic has been a prominent phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa. Inconsistent condom use among young people is one of the major risk factors in the continued propagation of the epidemic. Therefore, it is of importance to increase knowledge of gender aspects of condom use among young people. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether gender differences regarding individual and social factors determine the association…
Does duration on antiretroviral therapy determine health-related quality of life in people living with HIV? A cross-sectional study in a regional referral hospital in Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To measure the extent to which health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people living with HIV is associated with duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) after controlling for sociodemographic, clinical, and other therapy-related factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. METHODS: A gender-stratified random sample of 421 participants aged 18-64 years was selected from the patients on ART at a health facility in Kenya. Three hundred a…
Thank You to Reviewers 2012
Health financing for the poor produces promising short-term effects on utilization and out-of-pocket expenditure
The results indicate that the Health Care Fund for the Poor is meeting its objectives of increasing utilization and reducing out-of-pocket expenditure for the program's target population, despite numerous administrative problems resulting in delayed and only partial implementation in most provinces. The main lessons for low and middle-income countries from Vietnam's early experiences with the Health Care Fund for the Poor are that it managed to a…
Health insurance reform in Vietnam
Vietnam is undertaking health financing reform with a view to achieve universal coverage of health insurance within the coming years. To date, around half of the population is covered with some type of health insurance or prepayment. This review applies a conceptual framework of health financing to provide a coherent assessment of the reforms to date with respect to a set of key policy objectives of health financing, including financial sustainab…
Assessing progress towards universal health coverage in Cambodia
Over the past decades, many low- and middle-income countries have implemented health financing and system reforms to progress towards universal health coverage (UHC). In the case of Cambodia, out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) remains the main source of current health expenditure after several decades of reform, exposing households to financial risks when accessing healthcare and violating UHC's key tenet of financial protection. We use pre-pandemi…
Health insurance reform in Vietnam
Vietnam is undertaking health financing reform with a view to achieve universal coverage of health insurance within the coming years. To date, around half of the population is covered with some type of health insurance or prepayment. This review applies a conceptual framework of health financing to provide a coherent assessment of the reforms to date with respect to a set of key policy objectives of health financing, including financial sustainab…
Health financing for the poor produces promising short-term effects on utilization and out-of-pocket expenditure
The results indicate that the Health Care Fund for the Poor is meeting its objectives of increasing utilization and reducing out-of-pocket expenditure for the program's target population, despite numerous administrative problems resulting in delayed and only partial implementation in most provinces. The main lessons for low and middle-income countries from Vietnam's early experiences with the Health Care Fund for the Poor are that it managed to a…
Thank You to Reviewers 2012
Inconsistent condom use among Ugandan university students from a gender perspective
BACKGROUND: Feminization of the HIV/AIDS epidemic has been a prominent phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa. Inconsistent condom use among young people is one of the major risk factors in the continued propagation of the epidemic. Therefore, it is of importance to increase knowledge of gender aspects of condom use among young people. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether gender differences regarding individual and social factors determine the association…
Does duration on antiretroviral therapy determine health-related quality of life in people living with HIV? A cross-sectional study in a regional referral hospital in Kenya
OBJECTIVE: To measure the extent to which health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people living with HIV is associated with duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) after controlling for sociodemographic, clinical, and other therapy-related factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. METHODS: A gender-stratified random sample of 421 participants aged 18-64 years was selected from the patients on ART at a health facility in Kenya. Three hundred a…
Association between patient engagement in HIV care and antiretroviral therapy medication adherence
Consistent individual effort in engagement in HIV medical services has been associated with positive health outcomes in people living with HIV (PLHIV). However, whether these benefits are facilitated by improved medication adherence has not been widely studied. This study aimed to investigate the marginal effect of engagement in HIV care on medication adherence at a public health facility in Kenya. Between February and April 2013, 392 patients on…
Under-five mortality and maternal HIV status in Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Mortality among children under five remains a significant health challenge across sub-Saharan Africa. HIV/AIDS is one of the leading contributors to the relatively slow decline in under-five mortality in this region. In Tanzania, HIV prevalence among under-five children is high and 90% of all infections are due to mother-to-child transmission. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to examine the association between maternal HIV-positive status …
Socioeconomic and clinical factors explaining the risk of unstructured antiretroviral therapy interruptions among Kenyan adult patients
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the extent of unstructured HIV treatment interruptions (TIs) and investigate the effects of socioeconomic, socio-demographic, HIV treatment-related and clinical factors on the magnitude and rate of the same among adult patients at a Kenyan regional referral center. Four hundred and twenty-one adult patients actively receiving antiretroviral therapy at Nyeri County Referral Hospital since 2003 were r…
Assessing progress towards universal health coverage in Cambodia
Over the past decades, many low- and middle-income countries have implemented health financing and system reforms to progress towards universal health coverage (UHC). In the case of Cambodia, out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) remains the main source of current health expenditure after several decades of reform, exposing households to financial risks when accessing healthcare and violating UHC's key tenet of financial protection. We use pre-pandemi…
From office to digital primary care services
The use of digital technologies to deliver primary health care has increased over the past decade. While some technologies have been shown to be medically effective and efficient, the effects of digital primary care on the policy goal of equality in the use of such types of care have not been studied using large register data. The aim of this study was to analyse how digital contacts differ from officebased visits by income as an indicator of soc…
Assessing the determinants of out-of-pocket health expenditures among Cambodian households in informal employment using survey data
Our findings emphasize the necessity of integrating nonpoor informal workers and their dependents into formal prepayment schemes to reduce OOPE and enhance financial protection on Cambodia's path toward universal health coverage. Strategically engaging with private providers and pharmacies to improve access to essential services and medicines, coupled with the implementation of an effective referral system are important policy considerations to t…
Factors associated with experiencing informal caregiving as demanding and ability to work among working carers
Informal carers in paid work are known as working carers (WKCs). This combination of care and work is particular to them, and their support needs may differ from other informal carers. This exploratory study describes the caregiving-related factors associated with experiencing caregiving as demanding and a decreased ability to work in WKCs. The Swedish National Carer Survey was conducted in a stratified random sample (N = 30,009) of the populatio…
What contributes to out-of-pocket health expenditure in Cambodia's uncovered population? A distributional and decomposition analysis using survey data
These findings underscore the need to improve financial protection for uncovered households. The Cambodian government should consider expanding prepayment schemes that directly address the main healthcare drivers identified in this study. Schemes should provide effective access to comprehensive outpatient care and essential medications, and necessary services at higher care levels, including in the private sector. Addressing the rising burden of …
Medicine (10 works) · Environmental health (7 works) · Population (7 works) · Economics (6 works) · Global Maternal and Child Health (6 works) · Healthcare Systems and Reforms (6 works) · Business (5 works) · Economic growth (5 works) · Family medicine (5 works) · Global Health Care Issues (5 works)