Andrew S Carr

Biographic Data

ID	3074425
NAME	Andrew S Carr
GIVEN NAMES	Andrew S
FAMILY NAME	Carr
SIGNATURE	CARR A S
AFFILIATIONS	University of Leicester
ORCID	0000-0001-5794-6428
VERIFIED	Yes
TOTAL WORKS	17
TOTAL CITATIONS	71
AUTHOR COUNT	17
EDITOR COUNT	0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR	2006
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR	2026
H-INDEX	4

An update on Pleistocene tortoise tracks on South Africa’s Cape south coast
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2026
Four new Pleistocene track-bearing aeolianite surfaces have been identified on South Africa’s Cape south coast, each portraying evidence of tortoise tracks. Together, they add to and buttress previous reports of tortoise tracks and trackways from the region. Globally, this remains the only area from which fossilized tortoise tracks have been recorded, and for the first time we illustrate the preservation of typical tortoise trackway morphology (i…
Pleistocene aardvark ( Orycteropus afer ) burrow traces on South Africa’s Cape coast
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2025
The aardvark ( Oryecteropus afer ) is a fossorial species with a widespread distribution across sub-Saharan Africa. It leaves distinctive tracks and traces of its presence, including large burrows. However, despite a substantial body fossil record, few trace fossils registered by aardvarks have been described. Its distribution range in southern Africa during historic and prehistoric times was probably broadly similar to that of today, with the ad…
A Purported Pleistocene Sand Sculpture From South Africa
Open AccessCharles Helm, Charles W Helm Charles W Helm et al.ARTICLERock Art Research2024References: 17
A purported cemented sand sculpture found in Pleistocene aeolianite deposits on the Cape south coast of South Africa resembles a stingray (minus a tail) in outline. Symmetry is evident in the rock’s shape and the pattern of grooves on its surface. It is postulated that it may be a three-dimensional example of representational art of another species. Optically stimulated luminescence studies of rocks in the vicinity indicate that it dates to the M…
A ca. 39,000-year record of vegetation and climate change from the margin of the Namib Sand Sea
Open AccessBrian M Chase, Arnoud Boom et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2023
This paper presents the first continuous multi-proxy record of climate and vegetation change from the central Namib Desert extending over much of the last ca. 39,000 years. Derived from rock hyrax middens, evidence from stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, pollen, and microcharcoal reveals significant differences between glacial-age and Holocene climates and vegetation types. Although still arid to semi-arid, conditions during Marine Oxygen Isoto…
Large Pleistocene tortoise tracks on the Cape south coast of South Africa
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2023
Although tortoises (Testudinidae) are a familiar clade of reptiles, with a body fossil record extending to at least the Eocene, hitherto no tortoise ichnosites have been described. Here, a number of sites attributed to tortoise trackmakers are identified within Pleistocene aeolianites on South Africa's Cape south coast. These date from late Marine Isotope Stage 6 to Marine Isotope Stage 4. The findings indicate large trackmakers, with evidence of…
Tracking the extinct giant Cape zebra ( Equus capensis ) on the Cape south coast of South Africa
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2023
The giant Cape zebra ( Equus capensis ) is one of the extinct Quaternary large mammal species of southern Africa, and the largest equid from the Quaternary of Africa. Twenty-six Pleistocene equid tracksites have been identified in aeolianites on the Cape south coast of South Africa. An age range of 161 ± 12 ka to 43 ± 4 ka has been established through Optically Stimulated Luminescence. More than half of the sites contain large-equid tracks, repre…
A 25,000 year record of climate and vegetation change from the southwestern Cape coast, South Africa
Open AccessLynne J Quick, Brian M Chase et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2022
The southwestern Cape of South Africa is a particularly dynamic region in terms of long-term climate change. We analysed fossil pollen from a 25,000 year sediment core taken from a near-coastal wetland at Pearly Beach that revealed that distinct changes in vegetation composition occurred along the southwestern Cape coast. From these changes, considerable variability in temperature and moisture availability are inferred. Consistent with indication…
New Excavations at Umhlatuzana Rockshelter, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A Stratigraphic and Taphonomic Evaluation
Open AccessIrini Sifogeorgaki, Victor Klinkenberg et al.ARTICLEAfrican Archaeological Review2020Cited by: 19References: 44
Umhlatuzana rockshelter has an occupation sequence spanning the last 70,000 years. It is one of the few sites with deposits covering the Middle to Later Stone Age transition (~40,000–30,000 years BP) in southern Africa. Comprehending the site’s depositional history and occupation sequence is thus important for the broader understanding of the development of Homo sapiens ’ behavior. The rockshelter was first excavated in the 1980s by Jonathan Kapl…
Climatic controls on Later Stone Age human adaptation in Africa's southern Cape
Open AccessBrian M Chase, J Tyler Faith et al.ARTICLEJournal of Human Evolution2018Cited by: 21References: 110
Investigation of organic matter and biomarkers from Diepkloof Rock Shelter, South Africa: Insights into Middle Stone Age site usage and palaeoclimate
Open AccessJames A Collins, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEJournal of Archaeological Science2017Cited by: 14References: 18
An Optical luminescence chronology for late Pleistocene aeolian activity in the Colombian and Venezuelan Llanos
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Simon J Armitage et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2016
The lowland savannas (Llanos) of Colombia and Venezuela are covered by extensive aeolian landforms for which little chronological information exists. We present the first optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) age constraints for dunes in the Llanos Orientales of lowland Colombia and new ages for dunes in the Venezuelan Llanos. The sampled dunes are fully vegetated and show evidence of post-depositional erosion. Ages range from 4.5 ± 0.4 to 66 ±…
Mid to Late Quaternary Landscape and Environmental Dynamics in the Middle Stone Age of Southern South Africa
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Brian M Chase et al.CHAPTERAfrica from MIS 6-22016
Late Quaternary palaeohydrology and palaeoecology of southern Africa revealed by lipid biomarker analysis of rock hyrax middens
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Andrew Ossie CarrARTICLEQuaternary International2012
Evidence for progressive Holocene aridification in southern Africa recorded in Namibian hyrax middens: Implications for African Monsoon dynamics and the ‘‘African Humid Period’’
Open AccessBrian M Chase, Michael E Meadows et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2010
Presented here are stable nitrogen isotope data from a rock hyrax ( Procavia capensis ) middens from northwestern Namibia that record a series of rapid aridification events beginning at ca. 3800 cal yr BP, and which mark a progressive decrease in regional humidity across the Holocene. Strong correlations exist between this record and other terrestrial and marine archives from southern Africa, indicating that the observed pattern of climate change…
The last interglacial sea-level high stand on the southern Cape coastline of South Africa
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Mark D Bateman et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2010
The continental margin of southern South Africa exhibits an array of emergent marginal marine sediments permitting the reconstruction of long-term eustatic sea-level changes. We report a suite of optical luminescence ages and supplementary amino acid racemization data, which provide paleosea-level index points for three sites on this coastline. Deposits in the Swartvlei and Groot Brak estuaries display tidal inlet facies overlain by shoreface or …
A dating intercomparison study on Late Stone Age coastal midden deposits, South Africa
Open AccessMark D Bateman, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEGeoarchaeology2008Cited by: 17References: 16
The southern and western coastlines of South Africa have an extensive archaeological record with many sites associated with widespread eolian deposits. While much of this rich archaeological record is based on cave sites, evidence of Late Stone Age occupation is additionally preserved in the form of open‐site shell middens. We present here a comparative study of the application of amino acid racemization (AAR), optically stimulated luminescence (…
Climatic and sea level controls on Late Quaternary eolian activity on the Agulhas Plain, South Africa
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, David S G Thomas et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2006
Located at the interface between the temperate westerly and sub-tropical climate systems, South Africa's winter rainfall zone (WRZ) is a key location in understanding Late Quaternary atmospheric circulation dynamics. Inactive eolian deposits in the WRZ, comprising pan-fringing lunette and coastal dunes, were investigated to establish their depositional ages and utility as paleoenvironmental indicators. The resulting optical luminescence chronolog…

Climatic and sea level controls on Late Quaternary eolian activity on the Agulhas Plain, South Africa
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, David S G Thomas et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2006
Located at the interface between the temperate westerly and sub-tropical climate systems, South Africa's winter rainfall zone (WRZ) is a key location in understanding Late Quaternary atmospheric circulation dynamics. Inactive eolian deposits in the WRZ, comprising pan-fringing lunette and coastal dunes, were investigated to establish their depositional ages and utility as paleoenvironmental indicators. The resulting optical luminescence chronolog…
A dating intercomparison study on Late Stone Age coastal midden deposits, South Africa
Open AccessMark D Bateman, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEGeoarchaeology2008Cited by: 17References: 16
The southern and western coastlines of South Africa have an extensive archaeological record with many sites associated with widespread eolian deposits. While much of this rich archaeological record is based on cave sites, evidence of Late Stone Age occupation is additionally preserved in the form of open‐site shell middens. We present here a comparative study of the application of amino acid racemization (AAR), optically stimulated luminescence (…
Evidence for progressive Holocene aridification in southern Africa recorded in Namibian hyrax middens: Implications for African Monsoon dynamics and the ‘‘African Humid Period’’
Open AccessBrian M Chase, Michael E Meadows et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2010
Presented here are stable nitrogen isotope data from a rock hyrax ( Procavia capensis ) middens from northwestern Namibia that record a series of rapid aridification events beginning at ca. 3800 cal yr BP, and which mark a progressive decrease in regional humidity across the Holocene. Strong correlations exist between this record and other terrestrial and marine archives from southern Africa, indicating that the observed pattern of climate change…
The last interglacial sea-level high stand on the southern Cape coastline of South Africa
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Mark D Bateman et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2010
The continental margin of southern South Africa exhibits an array of emergent marginal marine sediments permitting the reconstruction of long-term eustatic sea-level changes. We report a suite of optical luminescence ages and supplementary amino acid racemization data, which provide paleosea-level index points for three sites on this coastline. Deposits in the Swartvlei and Groot Brak estuaries display tidal inlet facies overlain by shoreface or …
Late Quaternary palaeohydrology and palaeoecology of southern Africa revealed by lipid biomarker analysis of rock hyrax middens
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Andrew Ossie CarrARTICLEQuaternary International2012
An Optical luminescence chronology for late Pleistocene aeolian activity in the Colombian and Venezuelan Llanos
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Simon J Armitage et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2016
The lowland savannas (Llanos) of Colombia and Venezuela are covered by extensive aeolian landforms for which little chronological information exists. We present the first optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) age constraints for dunes in the Llanos Orientales of lowland Colombia and new ages for dunes in the Venezuelan Llanos. The sampled dunes are fully vegetated and show evidence of post-depositional erosion. Ages range from 4.5 ± 0.4 to 66 ±…
Mid to Late Quaternary Landscape and Environmental Dynamics in the Middle Stone Age of Southern South Africa
Open AccessAndrew S Carr, Brian M Chase et al.CHAPTERAfrica from MIS 6-22016
Investigation of organic matter and biomarkers from Diepkloof Rock Shelter, South Africa: Insights into Middle Stone Age site usage and palaeoclimate
Open AccessJames A Collins, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEJournal of Archaeological Science2017Cited by: 14References: 18
Climatic controls on Later Stone Age human adaptation in Africa's southern Cape
Open AccessBrian M Chase, J Tyler Faith et al.ARTICLEJournal of Human Evolution2018Cited by: 21References: 110
New Excavations at Umhlatuzana Rockshelter, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A Stratigraphic and Taphonomic Evaluation
Open AccessIrini Sifogeorgaki, Victor Klinkenberg et al.ARTICLEAfrican Archaeological Review2020Cited by: 19References: 44
Umhlatuzana rockshelter has an occupation sequence spanning the last 70,000 years. It is one of the few sites with deposits covering the Middle to Later Stone Age transition (~40,000–30,000 years BP) in southern Africa. Comprehending the site’s depositional history and occupation sequence is thus important for the broader understanding of the development of Homo sapiens ’ behavior. The rockshelter was first excavated in the 1980s by Jonathan Kapl…
A 25,000 year record of climate and vegetation change from the southwestern Cape coast, South Africa
Open AccessLynne J Quick, Brian M Chase et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2022
The southwestern Cape of South Africa is a particularly dynamic region in terms of long-term climate change. We analysed fossil pollen from a 25,000 year sediment core taken from a near-coastal wetland at Pearly Beach that revealed that distinct changes in vegetation composition occurred along the southwestern Cape coast. From these changes, considerable variability in temperature and moisture availability are inferred. Consistent with indication…
A ca. 39,000-year record of vegetation and climate change from the margin of the Namib Sand Sea
Open AccessBrian M Chase, Arnoud Boom et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2023
This paper presents the first continuous multi-proxy record of climate and vegetation change from the central Namib Desert extending over much of the last ca. 39,000 years. Derived from rock hyrax middens, evidence from stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes, pollen, and microcharcoal reveals significant differences between glacial-age and Holocene climates and vegetation types. Although still arid to semi-arid, conditions during Marine Oxygen Isoto…
Large Pleistocene tortoise tracks on the Cape south coast of South Africa
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2023
Although tortoises (Testudinidae) are a familiar clade of reptiles, with a body fossil record extending to at least the Eocene, hitherto no tortoise ichnosites have been described. Here, a number of sites attributed to tortoise trackmakers are identified within Pleistocene aeolianites on South Africa's Cape south coast. These date from late Marine Isotope Stage 6 to Marine Isotope Stage 4. The findings indicate large trackmakers, with evidence of…
Tracking the extinct giant Cape zebra ( Equus capensis ) on the Cape south coast of South Africa
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2023
The giant Cape zebra ( Equus capensis ) is one of the extinct Quaternary large mammal species of southern Africa, and the largest equid from the Quaternary of Africa. Twenty-six Pleistocene equid tracksites have been identified in aeolianites on the Cape south coast of South Africa. An age range of 161 ± 12 ka to 43 ± 4 ka has been established through Optically Stimulated Luminescence. More than half of the sites contain large-equid tracks, repre…
A Purported Pleistocene Sand Sculpture From South Africa
Open AccessCharles Helm, Charles W Helm Charles W Helm et al.ARTICLERock Art Research2024References: 17
A purported cemented sand sculpture found in Pleistocene aeolianite deposits on the Cape south coast of South Africa resembles a stingray (minus a tail) in outline. Symmetry is evident in the rock’s shape and the pattern of grooves on its surface. It is postulated that it may be a three-dimensional example of representational art of another species. Optically stimulated luminescence studies of rocks in the vicinity indicate that it dates to the M…
Pleistocene aardvark ( Orycteropus afer ) burrow traces on South Africa’s Cape coast
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2025
The aardvark ( Oryecteropus afer ) is a fossorial species with a widespread distribution across sub-Saharan Africa. It leaves distinctive tracks and traces of its presence, including large burrows. However, despite a substantial body fossil record, few trace fossils registered by aardvarks have been described. Its distribution range in southern Africa during historic and prehistoric times was probably broadly similar to that of today, with the ad…
An update on Pleistocene tortoise tracks on South Africa’s Cape south coast
Open AccessCharles W Helm, Andrew S Carr et al.ARTICLEQuaternary Research2026
Four new Pleistocene track-bearing aeolianite surfaces have been identified on South Africa’s Cape south coast, each portraying evidence of tortoise tracks. Together, they add to and buttress previous reports of tortoise tracks and trackways from the region. Globally, this remains the only area from which fossilized tortoise tracks have been recorded, and for the first time we illustrate the preservation of typical tortoise trackway morphology (i…