K K Hwang
Biographic Data
| ID | 30868 |
|---|---|
| NAME | K K Hwang |
| GIVEN NAMES | K K |
| FAMILY NAME | Hwang |
| SIGNATURE | HWANG K K |
| AFFILIATIONS | National Taiwan University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6411-2667 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 797 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
An Epistemological Strategy for Initiating Scientific Revolution against Weird Psychology
Fundamentalism as dogmatic belief, moral rigorism, and strong groupness across cultures: Dimensionality, underlying components, and related interreligious prejudice
Is fundamentalism universal across religious cultures? We investigated this issue by focusing on three questions: (1) the dimensionality of fundamentalism, as measured by the Religious Fundamentalism Scale (Altemeyer & Hunsberger, 2004); (2) the very nature of fundamentalism as denoting dogmatic belief, moral rigorism, or strong groupness; and (3) interreligious prejudice as predicted uniquely, additively, or interactively by religiousness and so…
Valuing high arousal negative states increases negative responses toward outgroups across cultures
Previous research demonstrates that the more people experience anger, fear, and other high arousal negative states (HAN) on average, the more prejudice and harm they express toward outgroups. Here we demonstrate that valuing HAN-above and beyond actually experiencing HAN-increases people's likelihood of engaging in harm toward cultural outgroups in everyday life. In Study 1, U.S. European Americans ( N = 227) read hypothetical scenarios in which …
Human Beings and Human Becomings: Creative Transformation of Confucianism by Disengaged Reason
Fallacy of methodologism and its theoretical implication
Escape from Kantian Eurocentric bias in cross-cultural psychology
Taking Kant’s misjudgment on Confucian silver rule as the point for first cut, this article is designated to illustrate the fallacy of imposed Orientalism prevailing in mainstream cross-cultural psychology which tends to understand non-Western cultures by a mental set of dualism with a tendency of Westcentrism, particularly the popular research on individualism-collectivism. This type of Euro-centric or Westcentric misjudgments are very common in…
Believing, Bonding, Behaving, and Belonging: The Cognitive, Emotional, Moral, and Social Dimensions of Religiousness across Cultures
Based on theorization on the four basic dimensions of religiousness, Believing, Bonding, Behaving, and Belonging, and corresponding cognitive, emotional, moral, and social motives and functions of religion, we developed a measure and investigated cross-cultural consistency of the four dimensions as well interindividual and cross-cultural variability. Data were collected from 14 countries varying in religious heritage: Catholicism, Protestantism, …
The rise of indigenous psychologies: In response to Jahoda’s criticism
Based on his broad survey on a selection of the literature dealing with indigenous psychology, Jahoda raised a series of questions about various ways indigenous psychologists (IPists) around the world have answered important issues related to the development of indigenous psychology and found a striking lack of consensus in their proposals. He concluded that: “it is questionable whether any indigenous psychologies actually exist”, “the fact help …
Philosophical Switch for the Third Wave of Psychology in the Age of Globalization
The epistemological goal of indigenous psychology is to construct a series of culture‐inclusive theories to represent the universal structure of human minds on one hand, and to account for people's specific mentalities in a particular indigenous culture on the other hand. In order to attain this goal, three levels of breakthrough must be made for the sustainable progress of indigenous psychology: philosophical reflection, theoretical construction…
Morality ‘East’ and ‘West’: Cultural Concerns
East Asian religious tolerance versus Western monotheist prejudice: The role of (in)tolerance of contradiction
Accumulated research has shown that Western Christian religiosity often predicts prejudice toward various kinds of outgroups. On the contrary, initial recent evidence indicates that East Asian religiosity predicts tolerance of various outgroups—except atheists. To understand these differences, we investigated cognitive (intolerance of contradiction) and emotional (disgust) mechanisms possibly mediating the link between religiosity and prejudice v…
Culture‐Inclusive Theories of Self and Social Interaction: The Approach of Multiple Philosophical Paradigms
In view of the fact that culture‐inclusive psychology has been eluded or relatively ignored by mainstream psychology, the movement of indigenous psychology is destined to develop a new model of man that incorporates both causal psychology and intentional psychology as suggested by Vygotsky (1927). Following the principle of cultural psychology: “one mind, many mentalities” (Shweder et al., 1998), the Mandala Model of Self (Hwang, 2011a,b) and Fac…
Cultural System vs. Pan‐cultural Dimensions: Philosophical Reflection on Approaches for Indigenous Psychology
The three approaches for conducting psychological research across cultures proposed by Berry (1989), namely, the imported etic, emic and derived etic approach are critically examined for developing culture‐inclusive theories in psychology, in order to deal with the enigma left by Wilhelm Wundt. Those three approaches have been restricted to a certain extent by the pan‐cultural dimensional approach which may result in the Orientalism of psychology…
East Asian Religious Tolerance-A Myth or a Reality? Empirical Investigations of Religious Prejudice in East Asian Societies
Is East Asian religious tolerance, as opposed to Western monotheistic prejudice, a stereotype or a reality? Based on theoretical and empirical evidence, we hypothesized low prejudice as a function of East Asian religiosity. We examined whether this holds true for interreligious, anti-atheist, ethnic, and anti-gay prejudice. In Study 1, analysis of the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2008 data from Eastern religious and Christian sample…
Foundations of Chinese Psychology: Confucian social relations
The Mandala Model of Self
Way to capture theory of indigenous psychology
The Implication of Popper’s Anti-inductive Theory for the Development of Indigenous Psychologies
The Development of Indigenous Counseling in Contemporary Confucian Communities
In view of the limitations of mainstream Western psychology, the necessity of indigenous psychology for the development of global community psychology is discussed in the context of multiculturalism. In addition to this general introduction, four articles underlying a common theme were designed to discuss (a) various types of value conflicts between Confucian cultural heritage and Western individualism in an age of globalization; (b) the psychome…
Self-Cultivation: Culturally Sensitive Psychotherapies in Confucian Societies
This article describes self-cultivation practices originating from the cultural traditions of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. It delineates the therapeutic implications of the three states of self pursued by these three traditions: namely, the relational self , the authentic self, and the nonself. Several psychotherapy techniques derived from each of these traditions are discussed in the context of contemporary Confucian societies in East Asi…
Indigenous and Cultural Psychology
Taiwanese Identity and Democracy: The Social Psychology of Taiwan's 2004 Elections
This book examines the issues of democracy, nationalism and strengthening Taiwan consciousness in the light of the campaign strategies employed in Taiwan's 2004 presidential and legislative election f
Cognitive responses to favor requests from different social targets in a Confucian society
Responses of Taiwanese graduate students to favor requests from different social targets (peer vs. superior) were compared across two scenarios. Factors influencing the decision to accept or reject the request were also explored. When the favor request was consistent with the relational context (academic research), participants were more likely to accept the request from a professor than from a classmate. Those who accepted the professor’s reques…
Social Connections in China: Institutions, Culture, and the Changing Nature of Guanxi
Culture-Level Dimensions of Social Axioms and Their Correlates across 41 Cultures
Leung and colleagues have revealed a five-dimensional structure of social axioms across individuals from five cultural groups. The present research was designed to reveal the culture level factor structure of social axioms and its correlates across 41 nations. An ecological factor analysis on the 60 items of the Social Axioms Survey extracted two factors: Dynamic Externality correlates with value measures tapping collectivism, hierarchy, and cons…
Face and Favor: The Chinese Power Game
Western research on interpersonal behavior patterns and rules of exchange needs to move beyond the assumption of isolated individuals socialized to make rational decisions on the basis of self-interest. A review of recent research shows that Chinese society and other similar societies follow rules that deviate from those of the West. In such societies, norms of reciprocity (bao) are intense, but these norms are heavily shaped by the hierarchicall…
Filial Piety and Loyalty: Two Types of Social Identification in Confucianism
The Confucian concepts of filial piety and loyalty are examined in terms of social identity theory in order to illustrate the arrangement of interpersonal relationships between self and others in Confucian culture. Filial piety, the core idea of Confucian ethics for ordinary people, is explained in the context of my previous analysis of the structure of Confucianism (Hwang, 1995). The social consequences of practicing Confucian ethics for ordinar…
Guilt and Shame in Chinese Culture: A Cross‐cultural Framework from the Perspective of Morality and Identity
Olwen Bedford and Kwang‐Kuo Hwang, Guilt and Shame in Chinese Culture: A Cross‐cultural Framework from the Perspective of Morality and Identity, pp. 127–144. This article formulates a cross‐cultural framework for understanding guilt and shame based on a conceptualization of identity and morality in Western and Confucian cultures. First, identity is examined in each culture, and then the relation between identity and morality illuminated. The role…
Culture-Level Dimensions of Social Axioms and Their Correlates across 41 Cultures
Leung and colleagues have revealed a five-dimensional structure of social axioms across individuals from five cultural groups. The present research was designed to reveal the culture level factor structure of social axioms and its correlates across 41 nations. An ecological factor analysis on the 60 items of the Social Axioms Survey extracted two factors: Dynamic Externality correlates with value measures tapping collectivism, hierarchy, and cons…
Chinese Relationalism: Theoretical Construction and Methodological Considerations
The goal of this article is attempting to establish a research tradition of Chinese relationalism on the methodological grounds of constructive realism. Two of Ho's (1993, 1998a) key concepts, person-in-relations and persons-in-relation, are carefully examined and reinterpreted. Three of my theoretical models, namely, my Face and Favor model (Hwang, 1987), Confucian ethics for ordinary people (Hwang, 1995), and a conflict resolution model (Hwang,…
Self-Cultivation: Culturally Sensitive Psychotherapies in Confucian Societies
This article describes self-cultivation practices originating from the cultural traditions of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. It delineates the therapeutic implications of the three states of self pursued by these three traditions: namely, the relational self , the authentic self, and the nonself. Several psychotherapy techniques derived from each of these traditions are discussed in the context of contemporary Confucian societies in East Asi…
The Development of Indigenous Counseling in Contemporary Confucian Communities
In view of the limitations of mainstream Western psychology, the necessity of indigenous psychology for the development of global community psychology is discussed in the context of multiculturalism. In addition to this general introduction, four articles underlying a common theme were designed to discuss (a) various types of value conflicts between Confucian cultural heritage and Western individualism in an age of globalization; (b) the psychome…
Believing, Bonding, Behaving, and Belonging: The Cognitive, Emotional, Moral, and Social Dimensions of Religiousness across Cultures
Based on theorization on the four basic dimensions of religiousness, Believing, Bonding, Behaving, and Belonging, and corresponding cognitive, emotional, moral, and social motives and functions of religion, we developed a measure and investigated cross-cultural consistency of the four dimensions as well interindividual and cross-cultural variability. Data were collected from 14 countries varying in religious heritage: Catholicism, Protestantism, …
Cultural System vs. Pan‐cultural Dimensions: Philosophical Reflection on Approaches for Indigenous Psychology
The three approaches for conducting psychological research across cultures proposed by Berry (1989), namely, the imported etic, emic and derived etic approach are critically examined for developing culture‐inclusive theories in psychology, in order to deal with the enigma left by Wilhelm Wundt. Those three approaches have been restricted to a certain extent by the pan‐cultural dimensional approach which may result in the Orientalism of psychology…
Social Connections in China: Institutions, Culture, and the Changing Nature of Guanxi
Culture‐Inclusive Theories of Self and Social Interaction: The Approach of Multiple Philosophical Paradigms
In view of the fact that culture‐inclusive psychology has been eluded or relatively ignored by mainstream psychology, the movement of indigenous psychology is destined to develop a new model of man that incorporates both causal psychology and intentional psychology as suggested by Vygotsky (1927). Following the principle of cultural psychology: “one mind, many mentalities” (Shweder et al., 1998), the Mandala Model of Self (Hwang, 2011a,b) and Fac…
East Asian Religious Tolerance-A Myth or a Reality? Empirical Investigations of Religious Prejudice in East Asian Societies
Is East Asian religious tolerance, as opposed to Western monotheistic prejudice, a stereotype or a reality? Based on theoretical and empirical evidence, we hypothesized low prejudice as a function of East Asian religiosity. We examined whether this holds true for interreligious, anti-atheist, ethnic, and anti-gay prejudice. In Study 1, analysis of the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2008 data from Eastern religious and Christian sample…
East Asian religious tolerance versus Western monotheist prejudice: The role of (in)tolerance of contradiction
Accumulated research has shown that Western Christian religiosity often predicts prejudice toward various kinds of outgroups. On the contrary, initial recent evidence indicates that East Asian religiosity predicts tolerance of various outgroups—except atheists. To understand these differences, we investigated cognitive (intolerance of contradiction) and emotional (disgust) mechanisms possibly mediating the link between religiosity and prejudice v…
The rise of indigenous psychologies: In response to Jahoda’s criticism
Based on his broad survey on a selection of the literature dealing with indigenous psychology, Jahoda raised a series of questions about various ways indigenous psychologists (IPists) around the world have answered important issues related to the development of indigenous psychology and found a striking lack of consensus in their proposals. He concluded that: “it is questionable whether any indigenous psychologies actually exist”, “the fact help …
Cognitive responses to favor requests from different social targets in a Confucian society
Responses of Taiwanese graduate students to favor requests from different social targets (peer vs. superior) were compared across two scenarios. Factors influencing the decision to accept or reject the request were also explored. When the favor request was consistent with the relational context (academic research), participants were more likely to accept the request from a professor than from a classmate. Those who accepted the professor’s reques…
An Epistemological Strategy for Initiating Scientific Revolution against Weird Psychology
Fallacy of methodologism and its theoretical implication
Escape from Kantian Eurocentric bias in cross-cultural psychology
Taking Kant’s misjudgment on Confucian silver rule as the point for first cut, this article is designated to illustrate the fallacy of imposed Orientalism prevailing in mainstream cross-cultural psychology which tends to understand non-Western cultures by a mental set of dualism with a tendency of Westcentrism, particularly the popular research on individualism-collectivism. This type of Euro-centric or Westcentric misjudgments are very common in…
Face and Favor: The Chinese Power Game
Western research on interpersonal behavior patterns and rules of exchange needs to move beyond the assumption of isolated individuals socialized to make rational decisions on the basis of self-interest. A review of recent research shows that Chinese society and other similar societies follow rules that deviate from those of the West. In such societies, norms of reciprocity (bao) are intense, but these norms are heavily shaped by the hierarchicall…
Filial Piety and Loyalty: Two Types of Social Identification in Confucianism
The Confucian concepts of filial piety and loyalty are examined in terms of social identity theory in order to illustrate the arrangement of interpersonal relationships between self and others in Confucian culture. Filial piety, the core idea of Confucian ethics for ordinary people, is explained in the context of my previous analysis of the structure of Confucianism (Hwang, 1995). The social consequences of practicing Confucian ethics for ordinar…
Chinese Relationalism: Theoretical Construction and Methodological Considerations
The goal of this article is attempting to establish a research tradition of Chinese relationalism on the methodological grounds of constructive realism. Two of Ho's (1993, 1998a) key concepts, person-in-relations and persons-in-relation, are carefully examined and reinterpreted. Three of my theoretical models, namely, my Face and Favor model (Hwang, 1987), Confucian ethics for ordinary people (Hwang, 1995), and a conflict resolution model (Hwang,…
The Deep Structure of Confucianism: A social psychological approach
The deep structure of Confucianism is identified through structuralist analysis in order to provide a conceptual framework for conducting social psychological research in Chinese society. Through understanding and imitating the Way of Heaven (tiendao), Confucians constructed the Way of Humanity (rendao), which consists of two aspects; ethics for ordinary people and ethics for scholars. Ethics for ordinary people adopts the principle of Respecting…
Guilt and Shame in Chinese Culture: A Cross‐cultural Framework from the Perspective of Morality and Identity
Olwen Bedford and Kwang‐Kuo Hwang, Guilt and Shame in Chinese Culture: A Cross‐cultural Framework from the Perspective of Morality and Identity, pp. 127–144. This article formulates a cross‐cultural framework for understanding guilt and shame based on a conceptualization of identity and morality in Western and Confucian cultures. First, identity is examined in each culture, and then the relation between identity and morality illuminated. The role…
Social Connections in China: Institutions, Culture, and the Changing Nature of Guanxi
Culture-Level Dimensions of Social Axioms and Their Correlates across 41 Cultures
Leung and colleagues have revealed a five-dimensional structure of social axioms across individuals from five cultural groups. The present research was designed to reveal the culture level factor structure of social axioms and its correlates across 41 nations. An ecological factor analysis on the 60 items of the Social Axioms Survey extracted two factors: Dynamic Externality correlates with value measures tapping collectivism, hierarchy, and cons…
Cognitive responses to favor requests from different social targets in a Confucian society
Responses of Taiwanese graduate students to favor requests from different social targets (peer vs. superior) were compared across two scenarios. Factors influencing the decision to accept or reject the request were also explored. When the favor request was consistent with the relational context (academic research), participants were more likely to accept the request from a professor than from a classmate. Those who accepted the professor’s reques…
Indigenous and Cultural Psychology
Taiwanese Identity and Democracy: The Social Psychology of Taiwan's 2004 Elections
This book examines the issues of democracy, nationalism and strengthening Taiwan consciousness in the light of the campaign strategies employed in Taiwan's 2004 presidential and legislative election f
The Development of Indigenous Counseling in Contemporary Confucian Communities
In view of the limitations of mainstream Western psychology, the necessity of indigenous psychology for the development of global community psychology is discussed in the context of multiculturalism. In addition to this general introduction, four articles underlying a common theme were designed to discuss (a) various types of value conflicts between Confucian cultural heritage and Western individualism in an age of globalization; (b) the psychome…
Self-Cultivation: Culturally Sensitive Psychotherapies in Confucian Societies
This article describes self-cultivation practices originating from the cultural traditions of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. It delineates the therapeutic implications of the three states of self pursued by these three traditions: namely, the relational self , the authentic self, and the nonself. Several psychotherapy techniques derived from each of these traditions are discussed in the context of contemporary Confucian societies in East Asi…
Way to capture theory of indigenous psychology
The Implication of Popper’s Anti-inductive Theory for the Development of Indigenous Psychologies
The Mandala Model of Self
Foundations of Chinese Psychology: Confucian social relations
Culture‐Inclusive Theories of Self and Social Interaction: The Approach of Multiple Philosophical Paradigms
In view of the fact that culture‐inclusive psychology has been eluded or relatively ignored by mainstream psychology, the movement of indigenous psychology is destined to develop a new model of man that incorporates both causal psychology and intentional psychology as suggested by Vygotsky (1927). Following the principle of cultural psychology: “one mind, many mentalities” (Shweder et al., 1998), the Mandala Model of Self (Hwang, 2011a,b) and Fac…
Cultural System vs. Pan‐cultural Dimensions: Philosophical Reflection on Approaches for Indigenous Psychology
The three approaches for conducting psychological research across cultures proposed by Berry (1989), namely, the imported etic, emic and derived etic approach are critically examined for developing culture‐inclusive theories in psychology, in order to deal with the enigma left by Wilhelm Wundt. Those three approaches have been restricted to a certain extent by the pan‐cultural dimensional approach which may result in the Orientalism of psychology…
East Asian Religious Tolerance-A Myth or a Reality? Empirical Investigations of Religious Prejudice in East Asian Societies
Is East Asian religious tolerance, as opposed to Western monotheistic prejudice, a stereotype or a reality? Based on theoretical and empirical evidence, we hypothesized low prejudice as a function of East Asian religiosity. We examined whether this holds true for interreligious, anti-atheist, ethnic, and anti-gay prejudice. In Study 1, analysis of the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2008 data from Eastern religious and Christian sample…
Morality ‘East’ and ‘West’: Cultural Concerns
East Asian religious tolerance versus Western monotheist prejudice: The role of (in)tolerance of contradiction
Accumulated research has shown that Western Christian religiosity often predicts prejudice toward various kinds of outgroups. On the contrary, initial recent evidence indicates that East Asian religiosity predicts tolerance of various outgroups—except atheists. To understand these differences, we investigated cognitive (intolerance of contradiction) and emotional (disgust) mechanisms possibly mediating the link between religiosity and prejudice v…
Philosophical Switch for the Third Wave of Psychology in the Age of Globalization
The epistemological goal of indigenous psychology is to construct a series of culture‐inclusive theories to represent the universal structure of human minds on one hand, and to account for people's specific mentalities in a particular indigenous culture on the other hand. In order to attain this goal, three levels of breakthrough must be made for the sustainable progress of indigenous psychology: philosophical reflection, theoretical construction…
The rise of indigenous psychologies: In response to Jahoda’s criticism
Based on his broad survey on a selection of the literature dealing with indigenous psychology, Jahoda raised a series of questions about various ways indigenous psychologists (IPists) around the world have answered important issues related to the development of indigenous psychology and found a striking lack of consensus in their proposals. He concluded that: “it is questionable whether any indigenous psychologies actually exist”, “the fact help …
Escape from Kantian Eurocentric bias in cross-cultural psychology
Taking Kant’s misjudgment on Confucian silver rule as the point for first cut, this article is designated to illustrate the fallacy of imposed Orientalism prevailing in mainstream cross-cultural psychology which tends to understand non-Western cultures by a mental set of dualism with a tendency of Westcentrism, particularly the popular research on individualism-collectivism. This type of Euro-centric or Westcentric misjudgments are very common in…
Believing, Bonding, Behaving, and Belonging: The Cognitive, Emotional, Moral, and Social Dimensions of Religiousness across Cultures
Based on theorization on the four basic dimensions of religiousness, Believing, Bonding, Behaving, and Belonging, and corresponding cognitive, emotional, moral, and social motives and functions of religion, we developed a measure and investigated cross-cultural consistency of the four dimensions as well interindividual and cross-cultural variability. Data were collected from 14 countries varying in religious heritage: Catholicism, Protestantism, …
Cultural Differences and Values (27 works) · Sociology (22 works) · Psychology (20 works) · Philosophy (17 works) · Epistemology (15 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Philosophy (11 works) · Political science (11 works) · Social Representations and Identity (10 works) · Indigenous (9 works)