René T Proyer
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 309388 |
|---|---|
| NOME | René T Proyer |
| PRENOMES | René T |
| SOBRENOME | Proyer |
| ASSINATURA | PROYER R T |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7426-4939 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 53 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 144 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 53 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2008 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
A quick way of counting the muses in German speakers
Testing a 20-item version of the German-language K-DOCS • Data from five samples (N = 2,144) were analyzed • Five-factor structure is retained in the short version • Scalar measurement invariance regarding gender • Validity correlations are comparable with the standard form The Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale (K-DOCS) is a standard self-report instrument for the assessment of creativity. The original K-DOCS comprises 50 items that assess five…
Ina picks flowers, while Klaus rides a motorcycle
While designed to assess spelling, spelling tests often embed specific content within their items. This content could also contain depictions of gender roles or cultural norms. The aim of this study was to investigate whether female and male characters in German-language spelling tests are portrayed in a gender-stereotypical manner. We expected that female characters would be more likely to be portrayed in stereotypically feminine roles, while ma…
Revisiting the English Short Measure for Adult Playfulness (SMAP)
Adult playfulness describes the personality of the quick initiation and strong intensity of enjoyable experiences coupled with the frequency of engaging in playful behaviors. In addition to examining the reliability and validity of the Short Measure for Adult Playfulness (SMAP), we compared the psychometric properties of the SMAP across (a) 4- and 7-point answer formats; (b) German and English language versions; and (c) gender. The SMAP and crite…
Examining Play and Playfulness at Work
Playfulness—the ability to frame or reframe situations in an engaging, intellectually stimulating, or entertaining way—is an emerging topic in organizational research. Traditionally seen as the opposite of work, play and playfulness are increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance creativity, motivation, and well-being in professional settings. This review synthesizes theoretical and empirical perspectives on workplace play and playfuln…
Studying trait-playfulness, time spent with physical activity, and athletic identity among self-ascribed athletes and non-athletes
Adult playfulness is an individual difference variable that describes how people (re)frame situations in a way that they are experienced as entertaining, and/or intellectually stimulating, and/or personally interesting. Playfulness relates to indicators of mental and physical health, but its role among athletes is yet understudied. In our study, we provide initial findings on playfulness with regard to self-reported athleticism by (a) comparing e…
Interpersonal Perception of Adult Playfulness at Zero‐Acquaintance
OBJECTIVE: We replicated and extended previous research examining the accuracy of judgments of four facets of adult playfulness (Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical; OLIW) at zero-acquaintance. METHOD: We conducted a conceptual replication study. One hundred sixty targets provided self-ratings for the OLIW facets, textual self-descriptions (≤ five sentences), daily self-ratings of playfulness for 14 consecutive days, and rat…
Exploring the acquaintanceship effect for the accuracy of judgments of traits and profiles of adult playfulness
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to extend the research on the interpersonal perception of adult playfulness (global and facets: Other-directed, Lighthearted, Intellectual, and Whimsical [OLIW]) by testing whether judgmental accuracy relates to indicators of acquaintanceship. BACKGROUND: Playfulness has been found to contribute to social relationships. METHOD: Using data from 658 dyads (1,318 participants) who had been acquainted for 1 month to 62.2 years, we…
Examining the role of gelotophobia for willingness to communicate and second language achievement using self- and teacher ratings
Cultural Differences in How People Deal with Ridicule and Laughter
The PhoPhiKat-45 measures three dispositions toward ridicule and laughter, including gelotophobia (i.e., the fear of being laughed at), gelotophilia (i.e., the joy of being laughed at), and katagelasticism (i.e., the joy of laughing at others). Despite numerous cultural adaptations, there is a paucity of cross-cultural studies investigating measurement invariance of this measure. Undergraduate students from a Canadian university (N = 1467; 71.4% …
Introduction to the “Festschrift for Willibald Ruch”
This introduction to the “Festschrift for Willibald Ruch” outlines his impressive achievements in humor research, especially in the areas of measurement, individual differences as well as models and theories. Though mostly focusing on the psychology of humor and the sense of humor, Willibald also pioneered interdisciplinary and cross-cultural humor studies. This Festschrift comprises seven invited commentaries and eight articles, which expand are…
The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) in adults and children
The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) is an individual differences variable characterized by negative reactions to laughter. Based on the theory of trait-congruent information processing, we conducted a series of experiments to examine a gelotophobia-related memory bias toward laughter in the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm. The DRM is a reliable method to provoke false memories (FM). In Study 1 (101 adults), gelotophobia related po…
Character strengths and fluid intelligence
OBJECTIVE: Research on the associations between cognitive and noncognitive personality traits has widely neglected character strengths, that means positively and morally valued personality traits that constitute good character. METHOD: The present study aimed to bridge this gap by studying the associations between character strengths and fluid intelligence using different operationalizations of character strengths (including self- and informant-r…
On the relationship between valence and arousal in samples across the globe
Affect is involved in many psychological phenomena, but a descriptive structure, long sought, has been elusive. Valence and arousal are fundamental, and a key question-the focus of the present study-is the relationship between them. Valence is sometimes thought to be independent of arousal, but, in some studies (representing too few societies in the world) arousal was found to vary with valence. One common finding is that arousal is lowest at neu…
Profile similarities among romantic partners’ character strengths and their associations with relationship- and life satisfaction
We studied the similarity among partners’ character strengths (i.e., positively valued traits) across two studies. In Study 1, N = 68 couples completed the 240-item VIA Inventory of Strengths and in Study 2, N = 143 couples completed a 24-item brief-form and measures of life- and relationship satisfaction. We computed raw, normative, and distinctive profile similarities for the 24 strengths and found support for partners’ similarity in both studi…
Localizing gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism in domains and facets of maladaptive personality traits
We extend the knowledge on dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at (gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism) by testing their localization in a system of maladaptive personality traits. Across two studies, we used self-ratings (Ntotal = 1,438) and informant reports (Ntotal = 378 dyads). The differential associations for the dispositions fit well with expectations: Negative Affectivity, Detachment and Psychoticism characterize ge…
Play with Me, Darling!” Testing the Associations between Adult Playfulness and Indicators of Sexuality
Previous studies have shown that individual differences in adult playfulness are important in interpersonal relationships. However, there is a lack of research on the role of playfulness in human sexuality. Using three studies with four independently collected samples ( N total = 1,124) we tested the differential relations between global playfulness and four facets of playfulness ( O ther-directed, L ighthearted, I ntellectual, W himsical; OLIW) …
A primer on studying effects of relationship duration in dyadic research
There has been increasing interest in the analysis of dyadic data. While there is ongoing progress in the development of statistically fine-grained methods to model complex dyadic data, many studies examine relationship duration in dyads using cross-sectional data (e.g., when testing the effects of acquaintanceship on the accuracy of personality judgments). We discuss the theoretical and methodological implications of analyzing and interpreting t…
Analyzing a German-language Expanded Form of the PhoPhiKat-45
Personality assessment typically relies on self-report questionnaires utilizing Likert-type scales. Recently, the Expanded format has been proposed as alternative, but research on the consequences of adapting Likert-like responses to Expanded items is sparse. We adapt a multidimensional measure into the Expanded format: the PhoPhiKat-45. This is the standard questionnaire to assess gelotophobia (fear of being laughed at), gelotophilia (joy in bei…
Testing the associations between dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at and romantic jealousy in couples
OBJECTIVE: How people deal with ridicule and being laughed at plays a role in romantic life. We extend the research on the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia), joy in being laughed at (gelotophilia), and joy in laughing at others (katagelasticism) by testing their associations with romantic jealousy and its consequences for relationship satisfaction (RS). METHOD: Our study is based on Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) analyses of sel…
Judging dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at from short self-descriptions at zero-acquaintance
Gelotophobia in romantic life
The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) plays a detrimental role in courtship (e.g., predicting a lower likelihood of entering a relationship) and romantic relationships (e.g., low relationship satisfaction). Gelotophobia correlates positively with anxious and avoidant romantic attachment. This study aims to replicate (a) the associations between gelotophobia and romantic attachment and (b) the mediating role of attachment in the association …
Dyadic Processes
Sex Differences in Attractiveness of Humor
An update on the study of playfulness in adolescents
Adult playfulness and relationship satisfaction
Extending the study of gelotophobia
In Ruch and Proyer (Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 21:47–67, 2008a), the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) was introduced as a new individual differences phenomenon. In this article, two new laughter-related concepts are presented: gelotophilia (the joy of being laughed at) and katagelasticism (the joy of laughing at others). The main aim of the present article was an empirical verification of these three concepts. Data anal…
The fear of being laughed at
Single case studies led to the discovery and phenomenological description of Gelotophobia and its definition as the pathological fear of appearing to social partners as a ridiculous object (Titze 1995, 1996, 1997). The aim of the present study is to empirically examine the core assumptions about the fear of being laughed at in a sample comprising a total of 863 clinical and non-clinical participants. Discriminant function analysis yielded that ge…
To love and laugh
How do gelotophobes interpret laughter in ambiguous situations? An experimental validation of the concept
The present study was designed to examine the phenomenon of the fear of being laughed at. Three groups of adults, preselected with respect to: (1) having no fear of being laughed at, (2) being borderline with respect to the fear of being laughed at, and (3) being abnormally afraid of being laughed at (gelotophobic). All the subjects listened to tape recordings of laughter. These recordings of laughter reflected a variety of emotional qualities. T…
Breaking ground in cross-cultural research on the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia)
The current study examines whether the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) can be assessed reliably and validly by means of a self-report instrument in different countries of the world. All items of the GELOPH (Ruch and Titze, GELOPH〈46〉, University of Düsseldorf, 1998; Ruch and Proyer, Swiss Journal of Psychology 67:19–27, 2008b) were translated to the local language of the collaborator (42 languages in total). In total, 22,610 participants …
Dealing with laughter and ridicule in adolescence
Playfulness and humor in psychology
The main aim of this overview is to discuss theoretical work and empirical studies on the proposed association between humor and playfulness. Starting point is McGhee’s (1996, Health, healing and the amuse system: Humor as survival training . Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt; 1999, The laughter remedy: Health, healing and the amuse system . Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt) notion that humor is a variant of play – the play with ideas. Research on play and play…
Exploring adult Playfulness
Investigating the humor of gelotophobes
Titze (Humor and Health Journal 5:1–11, 1996) concluded from individual case studies that gelotophobes do not experience humor and laughter as a shared enjoyment but rather as a threat. Two studies examined whether gelotophobes are less humorous in general or whether this is true only for certain components of humor. In study I, three samples (N = 120 and 70 students; N = 169 adults) filled in the GELOPH〈46〉 along with several humor instruments (…
A primer on studying effects of relationship duration in dyadic research
There has been increasing interest in the analysis of dyadic data. While there is ongoing progress in the development of statistically fine-grained methods to model complex dyadic data, many studies examine relationship duration in dyads using cross-sectional data (e.g., when testing the effects of acquaintanceship on the accuracy of personality judgments). We discuss the theoretical and methodological implications of analyzing and interpreting t…
Adult playfulness and relationship satisfaction
The well-being of playful adults
It was hypothesized that playfulness in adults relates positively to different indicators of subjective but also physical well-being. A sample of 255 adults completed subjective measures of playfulness along with self-ratings for different facets of well-being and the endorsement to enjoyable activities. Adult playfulness demonstrated robust positive relations with life satisfaction and an inclination to enjoyable activities and an active way of …
Gelotophobia
The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) was examined in its relations to concepts from positive psychology in Austria, China, and Switzerland. It was related to satisfaction with life and Peterson et al.'s (2005) three orientations to happiness; the life of pleasure (hedonism), life of engagement (related to flow-experiences), and life of meaning (eudaimonia). Participants (
Assessing Gelotophobia, Gelotophilia, and Katagelasticism in Children
Intelligence and gelotophobia
The present article examines the relation between the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) and intellectual abilities (verbal, numeric, and spatial intelligence, memory and reasoning, vocabulary, and attention) and the self-estimation of one's own abilities. In a first study, N = 167 participants completed ability tests along with a subjective measure for gelotophobia. The results indicate that gelotophobia and intellectual abilities exist ind…
Were they really laughed at? That much? Gelotophobes and their history of perceived derisibility
The List of Derisible Situations (LDS; Proyer, Hempelmann and Ruch, List of Derisible Situations (LDS), University of Zurich, 2008) consists of 102 different occasions for being laughed at. They were retrieved in a corpus study and compiled into the LDS. Based on this list, information on the frequency and the intensity with which people recall being laughed at during a given time-span (12 months in this study) can be collected. An empirical stud…
Gelotophobia in romantic life
The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) plays a detrimental role in courtship (e.g., predicting a lower likelihood of entering a relationship) and romantic relationships (e.g., low relationship satisfaction). Gelotophobia correlates positively with anxious and avoidant romantic attachment. This study aims to replicate (a) the associations between gelotophobia and romantic attachment and (b) the mediating role of attachment in the association …
Judging dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at from short self-descriptions at zero-acquaintance
A multidisciplinary perspective on adult play and playfulness
Man only plays when he is in the fullest sense of the word a human being,and he is only fully a human being when he plays. (Friedrich Schiller)The main aim of this special issue is bringing togethe
Gelotophobia in practice and the implications of ignoring it
Over 85 empirical articles investigating the fear of being laughed at have been published. Still, the question “why bother with another inter-individual differences variable?” arises. This quantitative paper based on 240 people, aims to show why gelotophobia has been widely neglected in therapeutic settings and why therapists may not have come across gelotophobes in their practice. Second, examples of extreme case studies involving gelotophobe’s …
Testing the relations of gelotophobia with humour as a coping strategy, self-ascribed loneliness, reflectivity, attractiveness, self-acceptance, and life expectations
Gelotophobia (the fear of being laughed at) was studied in a sample of N = 1,322 Danish adolescents aged 11 to 16. When using a measure of coping humour in three different respects (using humour (1) to overcome uncertainty and stress, (2) in relation to aggression and sexuality, and (3) to get cheered up), it was indicated that the fear of being laughed at existed independently from the use of humour as a coping strategy. It is suggested that int…
Assessing the 'Good Life' in a Military Context
How virtuous are gelotophobes? Self- and peer-reported character strengths among those who fear being laughed at
In this study we combine variables that make our lives most worth living with the fear of being laughed at. Peterson and Seligman (Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification, American Psychological Association, 2004) suggested a classification of 24 strengths of character and six virtues. The virtues are universally evaluated positively across different countries and cultures. A sample of N = 346 participants allowed the exami…
Profile similarities among romantic partners’ character strengths and their associations with relationship- and life satisfaction
We studied the similarity among partners’ character strengths (i.e., positively valued traits) across two studies. In Study 1, N = 68 couples completed the 240-item VIA Inventory of Strengths and in Study 2, N = 143 couples completed a 24-item brief-form and measures of life- and relationship satisfaction. We computed raw, normative, and distinctive profile similarities for the 24 strengths and found support for partners’ similarity in both studi…
Play with Me, Darling!” Testing the Associations between Adult Playfulness and Indicators of Sexuality
Previous studies have shown that individual differences in adult playfulness are important in interpersonal relationships. However, there is a lack of research on the role of playfulness in human sexuality. Using three studies with four independently collected samples ( N total = 1,124) we tested the differential relations between global playfulness and four facets of playfulness ( O ther-directed, L ighthearted, I ntellectual, W himsical; OLIW) …
The fear of being laughed at
Single case studies led to the discovery and phenomenological description of Gelotophobia and its definition as the pathological fear of appearing to social partners as a ridiculous object (Titze 1995, 1996, 1997). The aim of the present study is to empirically examine the core assumptions about the fear of being laughed at in a sample comprising a total of 863 clinical and non-clinical participants. Discriminant function analysis yielded that ge…
Intelligence and gelotophobia
The present article examines the relation between the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) and intellectual abilities (verbal, numeric, and spatial intelligence, memory and reasoning, vocabulary, and attention) and the self-estimation of one's own abilities. In a first study, N = 167 participants completed ability tests along with a subjective measure for gelotophobia. The results indicate that gelotophobia and intellectual abilities exist ind…
How do gelotophobes interpret laughter in ambiguous situations? An experimental validation of the concept
The present study was designed to examine the phenomenon of the fear of being laughed at. Three groups of adults, preselected with respect to: (1) having no fear of being laughed at, (2) being borderline with respect to the fear of being laughed at, and (3) being abnormally afraid of being laughed at (gelotophobic). All the subjects listened to tape recordings of laughter. These recordings of laughter reflected a variety of emotional qualities. T…
Investigating the humor of gelotophobes
Titze (Humor and Health Journal 5:1–11, 1996) concluded from individual case studies that gelotophobes do not experience humor and laughter as a shared enjoyment but rather as a threat. Two studies examined whether gelotophobes are less humorous in general or whether this is true only for certain components of humor. In study I, three samples (N = 120 and 70 students; N = 169 adults) filled in the GELOPH〈46〉 along with several humor instruments (…
Were they really laughed at? That much? Gelotophobes and their history of perceived derisibility
The List of Derisible Situations (LDS; Proyer, Hempelmann and Ruch, List of Derisible Situations (LDS), University of Zurich, 2008) consists of 102 different occasions for being laughed at. They were retrieved in a corpus study and compiled into the LDS. Based on this list, information on the frequency and the intensity with which people recall being laughed at during a given time-span (12 months in this study) can be collected. An empirical stud…
Breaking ground in cross-cultural research on the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia)
The current study examines whether the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) can be assessed reliably and validly by means of a self-report instrument in different countries of the world. All items of the GELOPH (Ruch and Titze, GELOPH〈46〉, University of Düsseldorf, 1998; Ruch and Proyer, Swiss Journal of Psychology 67:19–27, 2008b) were translated to the local language of the collaborator (42 languages in total). In total, 22,610 participants …
How virtuous are gelotophobes? Self- and peer-reported character strengths among those who fear being laughed at
In this study we combine variables that make our lives most worth living with the fear of being laughed at. Peterson and Seligman (Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification, American Psychological Association, 2004) suggested a classification of 24 strengths of character and six virtues. The virtues are universally evaluated positively across different countries and cultures. A sample of N = 346 participants allowed the exami…
Extending the study of gelotophobia
In Ruch and Proyer (Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 21:47–67, 2008a), the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) was introduced as a new individual differences phenomenon. In this article, two new laughter-related concepts are presented: gelotophilia (the joy of being laughed at) and katagelasticism (the joy of laughing at others). The main aim of the present article was an empirical verification of these three concepts. Data anal…
The Attractive Female Body Weight and Female Body Dissatisfaction in 26 Countries Across 10 World Regions
This study reports results from the first International Body Project (IBP-I), which surveyed 7,434 individuals in 10 major world regions about body weight ideals and body dissatisfaction. Participants completed the female Contour Drawing Figure Rating Scale (CDFRS) and self-reported their exposure to Western and local media. Results indicated there were significant cross-regional differences in the ideal female figure and body dissatisfaction, bu…
The assessment of the fear of being laughed at in Poland
The assessment of the fear of being laughed at in Poland: Translation and first evaluation of the Polish GELOPH The main aim of the paper was to translate and, for the first time, evaluate the Polish GELOPH . This is a 15-item questionnaire for the subjective assessment of gelotophobia, the fear of being laughed at. Gelotophobia is seen as an individual differences phenomenon at a sub-clinical level. The psychometric properties of the Polish vers…
Assessing Gelotophobia, Gelotophilia, and Katagelasticism in Children
Wie gehen Erwachsene mit dem Lachen und Auslachen um?
Untersucht wird der Zusammenhang zwischen erinnerten sozialen Unterstützungs- und Belastungsfaktoren in Kindheit und Jugend durch Familie, Lehrer und Gleichaltrige mit der Ausprägung der Angst vor dem Ausgelachtwerden (Gelotophobie), der Freude am Ausgelachtwerden (Gelotophilie), der Freude daran, andere auszulachen (Katagelastizismus) sowie zur Lebenszufriedenheit im Erwachsenenalter (N = 288; die Daten wurden online erhoben). Höhere erinnerte U…
Gelotophobia
The fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) was examined in its relations to concepts from positive psychology in Austria, China, and Switzerland. It was related to satisfaction with life and Peterson et al.'s (2005) three orientations to happiness; the life of pleasure (hedonism), life of engagement (related to flow-experiences), and life of meaning (eudaimonia). Participants (
Assessing the 'Good Life' in a Military Context
Strength-Based Positive Interventions
The impact of nine strengths-based positive interventions on well-being and depression was examined in an Internet-based randomized placebo-controlled study. The aims of the study were to: (1) replicate findings on the effectiveness of the gratitude visit , three good things , and using character strengths interventions; (2) test variants of interventions (noting three good things for 2 weeks; combining the gratitude visit and three good things i…
Is the Homo Ludens Cheerful and Serious at the Same Time? An Empirical Study of Hugo Rahner's Notion of Ernstheiterkeit
The theologian Hugo Rahner argued that the homo ludens is a man of ‘Ernstheiterkeit’ (serious-cheerfulness), a person who can smile under tears but also recognizes the gravity in all earthly cheerfulness. The primary aim of this study was to test the validity of this notion: Do homines ludentes exist? Two hundred sixty-three adult subjects were measured for (1) seriousness and cheerfulness and (2) playfulness. Results provided unequivocal support…
The well-being of playful adults
It was hypothesized that playfulness in adults relates positively to different indicators of subjective but also physical well-being. A sample of 255 adults completed subjective measures of playfulness along with self-ratings for different facets of well-being and the endorsement to enjoyable activities. Adult playfulness demonstrated robust positive relations with life satisfaction and an inclination to enjoyable activities and an active way of …
Dealing with laughter and ridicule in adolescence
The state-of-the art in gelotophobia research
Research on gelotophobia (the fear of being laughed at) has come a long way since the first empirical studies published in 2008. Based on a review of the findings on gelotophobia, its structure, causes and consequences, updates to the model are introduced emphasizing the context of the fear and its dynamic nature. More precisely, external and internal factors are seen to moderate the effects of initial events on gelotophobia, and a spiral nature …
Gelotophobia in India
Individual Differences in Gelotophobia Predict Responses to Joy and Contempt
In a paradigm facilitating smile misattribution, facial responses and ratings to contempt and joy were investigated in individuals with or without gelotophobia (fear of being laughed at). Participants from two independent samples ( N 1 = 83, N 2 = 50) rated the intensity of eight emotions in 16 photos depicting joy, contempt, and different smiles. Facial responses were coded by the Facial Action Coding System in the second study. Compared with no…
Testing the relations of gelotophobia with humour as a coping strategy, self-ascribed loneliness, reflectivity, attractiveness, self-acceptance, and life expectations
Gelotophobia (the fear of being laughed at) was studied in a sample of N = 1,322 Danish adolescents aged 11 to 16. When using a measure of coping humour in three different respects (using humour (1) to overcome uncertainty and stress, (2) in relation to aggression and sexuality, and (3) to get cheered up), it was indicated that the fear of being laughed at existed independently from the use of humour as a coping strategy. It is suggested that int…
Gelotophobia in practice and the implications of ignoring it
Over 85 empirical articles investigating the fear of being laughed at have been published. Still, the question “why bother with another inter-individual differences variable?” arises. This quantitative paper based on 240 people, aims to show why gelotophobia has been widely neglected in therapeutic settings and why therapists may not have come across gelotophobes in their practice. Second, examples of extreme case studies involving gelotophobe’s …
A multidisciplinary perspective on adult play and playfulness
Man only plays when he is in the fullest sense of the word a human being,and he is only fully a human being when he plays. (Friedrich Schiller)The main aim of this special issue is bringing togethe
Broadening Humor
The present study introduces eight comic styles (i.e., fun, humor, nonsense, wit, irony, satire, sarcasm, and cynicism) and examines the validity of a set of 48 marker items for their assessment, the Comic Style Markers (CSM). These styles were originally developed to describe literary work and are used here to describe individual differences. Study 1 examines whether the eight styles can be distinguished empirically, in self- and other-reports, …
Psychology (50 obras) · Social Psychology (42 obras) · Humor Studies and Applications (35 obras) · Developmental psychology (32 obras) · Social Psychology (23 obras) · Communication in Education and Healthcare (16 obras) · Laughter (15 obras) · Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression (12 obras) · Impact of Technology on Adolescents (12 obras) · Media Influence and Health (9 obras)