Donald Macraild
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3097203 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Donald Macraild |
| PRENOMES | Donald |
| SOBRENOME | Macraild |
| ASSINATURA | MACRAILD D |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Ulster |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5901-8040 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 45 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 28 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1988 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
The Orange Order
Irish fever’ in Britain during the Great Famine
During the worst year of the Great Irish Famine, ‘Black ’47’, tens of thousands of people fled across the Irish Sea from Ireland to Britain, desperately escaping the starvation and disease plaguing their country. These refugees, crowding unavoidably into the most insalubrious accommodation British towns and cities had to offer, were soon blamed for deadly outbreaks of epidemic typhus which emerged across the country during the first half of 1847.…
Unhappy and Wretched Creatures
During the Great Famine (1845-51) hundreds of thousands of Irish refugees fled to Britain, escaping the hunger and disease afflicting their homeland. Many made new lives there, but others were subsequently shipped back to Ireland by poor law authorities under the laws of Settlement and Removal. This article explores the coping strategies of the Famine Irish in Britain, and the responses of poor law authorities to the inflow of refugees with a par…
Crime, Violence and the Irish in the Nineteenth Century
The study of crime and violence in all its multifarious forms remains one of the most productive areas of enquiry for Irish historians. Considered an inordinately violent and unruly society by many contemporaries, nineteenth-century Ireland was notorious for sectarian unrest, agrarian disorder, alcohol-fuelled casual fighting, the seditious activities of various illegal underground organisations, as well as a host of other ‘outrages’. The image o…
Ribbon Societies in Nineteenth-Century Ireland and its Diaspora
The book is the first full-length study of Irish Ribbonism. It traces its development from its origins in the Defender movement of the 1790s to the latter part of the century when the remnants of the Ribbon tradition found solace in a new movement: the quasi-constitutional affinities of the Ancient Order of Hibernians. This book places Ribbonism firmly within Ireland’s long tradition of secret societies and show that, due to its diversity and ada…
Invisible immigrants
Invisible immigrants: the English in Canada since 1945." Immigrants & Minorities, 34(3), pp. 320–321
Ireland and the Irish in Interwar England
Loyalism and the Formation of the British World, 1775-1914
Explores loyalism as a social and political force in eighteenth and nineteenth century British colonies and former colonies
Travellers’ Accounts as Source-Material for Irish Historians
Interdependence day and Magna Charta
Invisible Diaspora? English Ethnicity in the United States before 1920
The article presents an examination into the English population of the United States during the 19th and early 20th centuries, examining their ethnic identity as a diaspora community. Introductory details are given noting the relative lack of attention given to English Americans as an ethnic group. Topics addressed include reasons behind the invisibility of the English immigrant identity in the U.S., the existence of English ethnic organizations,…
Historical Studies in Ethnicity, Migration and Diaspora
The emergence of British fascism in the early 1920s was a response to perceived, related external and internal threats to the United Kingdom and its Empire. From 1921, Ireland, in alliance with international communism, was seen to threaten to further constitutional upheaval. The literature on British fascism, however, has traditionally accorded relatively little attention to Ireland, though that is now changing. This paper, focusing on Rotha Lint…
The Dynamiters
Transnationalising “Anti‐Popery”
Nineteenth‐century popular anti‐ C atholicism may not have reached the intensity of the G ordon R iots of 1780, but it was nevertheless sustained and hostile. Whilst a deep‐rooted anti‐ C atholicism shaped the B ritish psyche, a specific anti‐ I rish dimension also reared its head in response to epic migrations from the neighbouring island. This, in turn, saw traditions of intolerance spread around the globe as B ritish and Irish migrants re‐peop…
Emigration, 1800–1920
An analysis of key perspectives and approaches in the study of Irish emigration. The chapter takes an historiographical, methodological and conceptual approach, with suggestions for future directions in the field.
No Irish Need Apply’
The growth of digitized archives of books and newspapers has opened up new kinds of research based upon far larger bodies of evidence than was previously possible by manual searches. A pioneering study of this type is Richard Jensen's much-debated article discussing the application of a term, ‘No Irish need apply’ (NINA), which was regarded as commonplace of anti-Irish behaviour in nineteenth-century America and Britain. Jensen searched some of t…
Globalizing St George
While English nationalism has recently become a subject of significant scholarly consideration, relatively little detailed research has been conducted on the emigrant and imperial contexts, or on the importance of Englishness within a global British identity. This article demonstrates how the importance of a global English identity can be illuminated through a close reading of ethnic associational culture. Examining organizations such as the St G…
Child-stripping in the Victorian city
During the nineteenth century, police, magistrates, reformers and the press noticed a rising tide of juvenile crime. Child-stripping, the crime of stealing young children's clothes by force or deception, was an activity of this type which caused alarm among contemporaries. As the century progressed, improved policing, urbanization and Irish migration, allied to growing social concern, caused more cases of child-stripping to be noticed. Accounts b…
Ireland's New Worlds
Transnational Labour in the Age of Globalization
Nineteenth‐century population structure of Ireland and of the Irish in England and Wales
This article uses isonymy to test predictions about the genetic structure of Irish populations made on the basis of geography and population history, and compares the mid‐nineteenth century population of Ireland with the late nineteenth century Irish‐born population resident in England and Wales. Surname data were derived from (1) the householders named in the index to Griffith's valuation of Ireland, a survey undertaken between 1846 and 1864, an…
Paddy and Biddy no more
These results are explicable under a model of cultural evolution, informed by the historiography of Irish migration after the Great Famine, including the perception of derogatory Irish stereotypes exemplified by the sobriquets 'Paddy' and 'Biddy
Introduction
When a society like ours considers themes for its meetings and conferences there is inevitably a discussion about what is current in labour history. Transnationalism has emerged as something of a vogue concept in recent years and much good work has been produced under its umbrella. Yet Labour History Review has overwhelmingly concentrated on British history
The Irish in the Mining Industry in England and Wales
Historians have largely accepted early Victorian accounts suggesting that the Irish were primarily a source of unskilled labour which was under-represented in the coal industry in England and Wales. Such acceptance fits with stereotypes of the Irish as a primarily unskilled labour source. The thesis that the Irish were excluded from the Victorian coal industry is tested by a comprehensive quantitative analysis, using log-odds ratios and associate…
The Origins of the Irish in Northern England
In the mid nineteenth century, the Irish became the largest immigrant group in Britain. Despite impressions of homogeneity delivered by the dominant historiographies, these migrants were in reality complex and changing groups whose variegated nature has been underplayed by historians. One of the reasons why the Irish tend to be lumped together as an undifferentiated mass is the lack of systematic analyses of the particular regional and provincial…
Transnational Labour in the Age of Globalization
Networks, Communication and the Irish Protestant Diaspora in Northern England, c. 1860–1914
This study seeks to explore transnational communication among migrants of the Irish diaspora through an examination of the Orange Order's networks. It draws upon rare local and district records and press accounts to explain the migratory links and social worlds of Orange emigrants from Ulster. The substance of the study echoes the findings of Canadian historians who have much richer records than exist in the public domain in Britain. It demonstra…
No Irish Need Apply’
The growth of digitized archives of books and newspapers has opened up new kinds of research based upon far larger bodies of evidence than was previously possible by manual searches. A pioneering study of this type is Richard Jensen's much-debated article discussing the application of a term, ‘No Irish need apply’ (NINA), which was regarded as commonplace of anti-Irish behaviour in nineteenth-century America and Britain. Jensen searched some of t…
Introduction
When a society like ours considers themes for its meetings and conferences there is inevitably a discussion about what is current in labour history. Transnationalism has emerged as something of a vogue concept in recent years and much good work has been produced under its umbrella. Yet Labour History Review has overwhelmingly concentrated on British history
Sisters of the brotherhood
The two ‘great unknowns’ of Irish migration history, women and Protestants, have received deserved attention in the decade or so since Donald Akenson first drew attention to them as lacunae in an otherwise growing field of scholarly concern. A review of the literature, however, demonstrates that Irish women have benefited more than Protestants from recent research. Despite pioneering efforts, much of the work on the non-Catholic dimension tends t…
Irish fever’ in Britain during the Great Famine
During the worst year of the Great Irish Famine, ‘Black ’47’, tens of thousands of people fled across the Irish Sea from Ireland to Britain, desperately escaping the starvation and disease plaguing their country. These refugees, crowding unavoidably into the most insalubrious accommodation British towns and cities had to offer, were soon blamed for deadly outbreaks of epidemic typhus which emerged across the country during the first half of 1847.…
Unhappy and Wretched Creatures
During the Great Famine (1845-51) hundreds of thousands of Irish refugees fled to Britain, escaping the hunger and disease afflicting their homeland. Many made new lives there, but others were subsequently shipped back to Ireland by poor law authorities under the laws of Settlement and Removal. This article explores the coping strategies of the Famine Irish in Britain, and the responses of poor law authorities to the inflow of refugees with a par…
Interdependence day and Magna Charta
Historical Studies in Ethnicity, Migration and Diaspora
The emergence of British fascism in the early 1920s was a response to perceived, related external and internal threats to the United Kingdom and its Empire. From 1921, Ireland, in alliance with international communism, was seen to threaten to further constitutional upheaval. The literature on British fascism, however, has traditionally accorded relatively little attention to Ireland, though that is now changing. This paper, focusing on Rotha Lint…
Transnationalising “Anti‐Popery”
Nineteenth‐century popular anti‐ C atholicism may not have reached the intensity of the G ordon R iots of 1780, but it was nevertheless sustained and hostile. Whilst a deep‐rooted anti‐ C atholicism shaped the B ritish psyche, a specific anti‐ I rish dimension also reared its head in response to epic migrations from the neighbouring island. This, in turn, saw traditions of intolerance spread around the globe as B ritish and Irish migrants re‐peop…
Globalizing St George
While English nationalism has recently become a subject of significant scholarly consideration, relatively little detailed research has been conducted on the emigrant and imperial contexts, or on the importance of Englishness within a global British identity. This article demonstrates how the importance of a global English identity can be illuminated through a close reading of ethnic associational culture. Examining organizations such as the St G…
Ulster Presbyterians in the Atlantic World
The Atlantic world is a fast-growing area of scholarly endeavour. Historians of Ireland and the Irish diaspora have made an important contribution to the field, especially (but not exclusively) by examining the demographic and cultural re-peopling of this world. Patrick Griffin's important examination of the trans-oceanic communities of the Ulster Scots (The People with No Name, 2001) and Kerby Miller, Arnold Schrier and Bruce Doling's monumental…
Irish Migration, Networks and Ethnic Identities Since 1750
Abandon Hibernicisation
This article seeks to contextualize a rare piece of evidence of the Catholic Church's attempts to control nationalist political expression among Irish migrants. The evidence, a letter from a priest to his bishop in Darlington, was generated by an investigation of a street riot in Sunderland in 1858. A detailed statement of such controlling influences is uncommon, even though historians have occasionally uncovered fleeting examples that are simila…
Irish immigration and the 'condition of England' question
This article argues that the study of Irish immigration in nineteenth‐century Britain has focused for too long ‐ and often uncritically ‐on what the Victorians themselves wrote about the Irish. It is argued here that historians have taken their lead from Condition of England writers, like Kay, Engels, Mayhew and A. B. Reach, with the result that our understanding of the emergence of Irish communities in Britain has been distorted in two ways. Fir…
Culture, Conflict and Migration
Examining some of the most important themes in the social and cultural history of Irish ethnicity and migration, this study concentrates on those who settled in Victorian Cumbria. In later 19th-century Cumbria, Irish settlers were more noticeable than in any region outside Lancashire and Tyneside. These Irish were overwhelmingly from Ulster, with many Protestants among them, which had enormous repercussions for the culture of Irishness as it was …
Explorations in the comparative history of immigration
Shamit Saggar, Race and Politics in Britain (London: Harvester Wheat‐sheaf, 1992). Pp.xxi + 236. ISBN 0 7450 1206 X Virginia Yans‐McLaughlin (ed.), Immigration Reconsidered: History, Sociology and Politics (New York, Oxford University Press [USA], 1990). Pp.viii + 342. £11.95. ISBN 0 19 505511 X Gary P. Freeman and James Jupp (eds.), Nations of Immigrants: Australia, the United States and Migration (Melbourne, Oxford University Press [Australia],…
Irish immigration and the 'condition of England' question
This article argues that the study of Irish immigration in nineteenth‐century Britain has focused for too long ‐ and often uncritically ‐on what the Victorians themselves wrote about the Irish. It is argued here that historians have taken their lead from Condition of England writers, like Kay, Engels, Mayhew and A. B. Reach, with the result that our understanding of the emergence of Irish communities in Britain has been distorted in two ways. Fir…
Irish Migrants in Modern Britain, 1750–1922
Until the advent of 'New Commonwealth' migration in the 1950s, the Irish were by far the largest ethnic minority in Britain. This study focuses on the most important phase of Irish migration, providin
Introduction
(1999). Introduction: The great famine and beyond: Irish migrants in Britain in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Immigrants & Minorities: Vol. 18, The Great Famine and Beyond Irish Migrants in Britain in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, pp. 1-13
Crossing migrant frontiers
(1999). Crossing migrant frontiers: Comparative reflections on Irish migrants in Britain and the United States during the nineteenth century. Immigrants & Minorities: Vol. 18, The Great Famine and Beyond Irish Migrants in Britain in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, pp. 40-70
William Kenefick, Rebellious and Contrary
Nineteenth-Century Britain
The nineetenth century was a period of striking developments, and subject to a great pressure of change. This process of change is the primary focus of the book. Organised into a series of thematic chapters, Black and MacRaild’s wide-ranging text offers the reader an analysis of numerous spheres of human history: politics, empire and warfare; economy, society and population; religion and culture. The book also offers considered treatment of Scotl…
The Eighteenth-Century Background
Ireland and the Irish Question
Abandon Hibernicisation
This article seeks to contextualize a rare piece of evidence of the Catholic Church's attempts to control nationalist political expression among Irish migrants. The evidence, a letter from a priest to his bishop in Darlington, was generated by an investigation of a street riot in Sunderland in 1858. A detailed statement of such controlling influences is uncommon, even though historians have occasionally uncovered fleeting examples that are simila…
Social Theory and Social History
The expansion of social history that took place in the twentieth century has produced some of the most exciting works in the field of historical studies. As the range of the social historian's concern
Faith, Fraternity and Fighting
This book fills a gap in modern British historiography. Despite its public profile, the Orange Order has not attracted commensurate scholarly attention. Uncritical apologists apart, historians have displayed condescending censure, stigmatising and dismissing the Order as sectarian – a term unduly restricted in their studies to violence and demonstrations. Having gained unique access to lodge membership records, the author provides a corrective. T…
Irish Migration, Networks and Ethnic Identities Since 1750
Networks, Communication and the Irish Protestant Diaspora in Northern England, c. 1860–1914
This study seeks to explore transnational communication among migrants of the Irish diaspora through an examination of the Orange Order's networks. It draws upon rare local and district records and press accounts to explain the migratory links and social worlds of Orange emigrants from Ulster. The substance of the study echoes the findings of Canadian historians who have much richer records than exist in the public domain in Britain. It demonstra…
Diaspora’ and ‘Transnationalism’
Contribution to a symposium 'perspectives of the Irish Diaspora', with contributions also from Enda Delaney and Kevin Kenny. The article argues for the use of diaspora as a social science typology, such as class or ethnicity, where a basis of evidence of discernible that demonstrates social communication between homeland and new lands, but also between immigrants in the new lands themselves
Sisters of the brotherhood
The two ‘great unknowns’ of Irish migration history, women and Protestants, have received deserved attention in the decade or so since Donald Akenson first drew attention to them as lacunae in an otherwise growing field of scholarly concern. A review of the literature, however, demonstrates that Irish women have benefited more than Protestants from recent research. Despite pioneering efforts, much of the work on the non-Catholic dimension tends t…
John Ferguson, 1836-1906
1906 was a year of watersheds in British working-class politics. But the electoral breakthrough enjoyed by the Labour Party early in that year was tempered to some degree by the deaths of two of the great Irish leaders of their day, Michael Davitt and John Ferguson. These men personified at least one of the changing political currents that had enabled Labour's breakthrough. Life-long Irish nationalist activists, they had latterly thrown their wei…
Personal narratives of emigration and adjustment
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Ulster Presbyterians in the Atlantic World
The Atlantic world is a fast-growing area of scholarly endeavour. Historians of Ireland and the Irish diaspora have made an important contribution to the field, especially (but not exclusively) by examining the demographic and cultural re-peopling of this world. Patrick Griffin's important examination of the trans-oceanic communities of the Ulster Scots (The People with No Name, 2001) and Kerby Miller, Arnold Schrier and Bruce Doling's monumental…
Nineteenth‐century population structure of Ireland and of the Irish in England and Wales
This article uses isonymy to test predictions about the genetic structure of Irish populations made on the basis of geography and population history, and compares the mid‐nineteenth century population of Ireland with the late nineteenth century Irish‐born population resident in England and Wales. Surname data were derived from (1) the householders named in the index to Griffith's valuation of Ireland, a survey undertaken between 1846 and 1864, an…
Paddy and Biddy no more
These results are explicable under a model of cultural evolution, informed by the historiography of Irish migration after the Great Famine, including the perception of derogatory Irish stereotypes exemplified by the sobriquets 'Paddy' and 'Biddy
Introduction
When a society like ours considers themes for its meetings and conferences there is inevitably a discussion about what is current in labour history. Transnationalism has emerged as something of a vogue concept in recent years and much good work has been produced under its umbrella. Yet Labour History Review has overwhelmingly concentrated on British history
The Irish in the Mining Industry in England and Wales
Historians have largely accepted early Victorian accounts suggesting that the Irish were primarily a source of unskilled labour which was under-represented in the coal industry in England and Wales. Such acceptance fits with stereotypes of the Irish as a primarily unskilled labour source. The thesis that the Irish were excluded from the Victorian coal industry is tested by a comprehensive quantitative analysis, using log-odds ratios and associate…
The Origins of the Irish in Northern England
In the mid nineteenth century, the Irish became the largest immigrant group in Britain. Despite impressions of homogeneity delivered by the dominant historiographies, these migrants were in reality complex and changing groups whose variegated nature has been underplayed by historians. One of the reasons why the Irish tend to be lumped together as an undifferentiated mass is the lack of systematic analyses of the particular regional and provincial…
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