Scott L Hershberger
Biographic Data
| ID | 312280 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Scott L Hershberger |
| GIVEN NAMES | Scott L |
| FAMILY NAME | Hershberger |
| SIGNATURE | HERSHBERGER S L |
| AFFILIATIONS | California State University, Long Beach |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4957-4796 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 409 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1990 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Parenting as Phenotype
This article discusses the behavioral genetic (BG) approach to parenting. Parenting is considered a phenotype that can be influenced by nature and nurture. Genetic contributions to parenting are conceptualized as evidence of genotype-environment correlation (rGE). Early BG studies focused on demonstrating that some parenting dimensions were heritable due to passive and evocative rGE processes. Current studies are investigating moderators and medi…
Childhood and Adolescent Victimization and Perpetration of Sexual Coercion by Male and Female University Students
This study examines the extent to which male and female university students use verbal sexual coercion and physically forced sex on a dating partner and tests a theoretical model that specifies that corporal punishment, minor forms of neglect by parents, and sexual abuse increase the probability of sexually coercing and sexually assaulting a partner, and that this relationship is partly mediated by antisocial traits and behavior. A path analysis …
Psychometric Properties of an Assessment for Mental Health Recovery Programs
The concept of recovery can be operationalized from either the point of view of the consumer, or from the perspective of the agency providing services. The Milestones of Recovery Scale (MORS) was created to capture aspects of recovery from the agency perspective. Evidence establishing the psychometric properties of the MORS was obtained in three efforts: Inter-rater reliability using staff at The Village, a multi-service organization serving the …
Modeling censored-in-the-middle condom use data
Many HIV prevention programs seek to reduce the risk of infection through increases in condom use. Condom use is often expressed as a proportion: the number of sexual contacts in which a condom is used divided by the total number of sexual contacts. The distribution of this proportion has several undesirable characteristics-the principal one is bimodality. Bimodality results from excessive numbers of 0% and 100% responses, creating distributions …
Dating and Commitment Choices as a Function of Ethnicity among American College Students in California
The incidence of interracial and interethnic dating and marriage in the United States has increased. This investigation examined dating and commitment choices as a function of ethnicity and sex among groups of Euro-American, Hispanic-American, Asian-American, and African-American college students. A convenience sample of college students comprising 329 heterosexual subjects (134 men, 195 women) was surveyed regarding their partner preferences for…
The Cognitive, Behavioral, and Personality Profiles of a Male Monozygotic Triplet Set Discordant for Sexual Orientation
A Cognitive–Behavioral Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk Behaviors in Crack and Injection Drug Users
Incidence and mental health impact of sexual orientation victimization of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths in high school.
This study examined victimization during high school based on sexual orientation of 350 lesbian, gay, or bisexual (lgb) youths aged 21 and younger. Experiences of direct victimization as well as knowledge of other lgb youths’ victimization were assessed. Over half reported verbal abuse in high school because of their sexual orientation, and 11% said they had been physically assaulted. Youths who were more open in high school about their sexual or…
Aspects of mental health among older lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults
This study examined aspects of mental health among 416 lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults aged 60 to 91 years old, attending social and recreational programs. Mental health indicators were perceived mental health status; self-esteem; internalized homophobia; loneliness; alcohol and drug abuse; and suicidality. Better mental health was correlated with higher self-esteem, less loneliness, and lower internalized homophobia. Compared to women, men rep…
Suicidality Patterns and Sexual Orientation‐Related Factors Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youths
Three hundred fifty lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths aged 14 to 21 years were questioned about suicidal thoughts and behaviors, families' reactions to youths' sexual orientation, and suicidality among relatives and friends. Results confirmed an association between sexual orientation and suicidality. Nearly half (42%) had sometimes or often thought of suicide; one third (33%) reported at least one suicide attempt. Many related suicidal ideation a…
Social Support Networks of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults 60 Years of Age and Older
The social support networks of 416 lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults aged 60 to 91 years were examined. Participants averaged 6 people in their support networks, most of whom were close friends. The gender composition of support networks was greatly influenced by the gender of the respondent. Most support network members knew about respondents' sexual orientation. The most common type of support provided by close friends and social acquaintances …
Cooperation and Competition Between Twins
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Individual Differences in Masculinity, Femininity, and Gender Diagnosticity
Analyzing data from Loehlin and Nichols's (1976) classic twin study, we computed measures of Masculine Instrumentality (M), Feminine Expressiveness (F), and Gender Diagnosticity (GD). Quantitative genetic modeling analyses of within‐sex individual differences in M, F, and GD indicated that: (1) Additive genetic factors contribute significantly to individual differences in M, F, and GD. (2) The environmental effects on M, F, and GD tend to be nons…
The Relation Between Sexual Orientation and Penile Size
The New Rules of Measurement
Contents: S.E. Embretson, S.L. Hershberger, Preface. S.E. Embretson, Issues in the Measurement of Cognitive Abilities. R.M. Thorndike, IRT and Intelligence Testing: Past, Present, and Future. M.H. Daniel, Behind the Scenes: Using New Measurement Methods on DAS and KAIT. B.D. Wright, Fundamental Measurement for Psychology. R.W. Woodcock, What Can Rasch-Based Scores Convey About a Person's Test Performance? G.A. Marcoulides, Generalizability Theory…
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth and their families
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youngsters, aged 14-21 and living at home, were studied for patterns of disclosure of sexual orientation to families. Three-quarters had told at least one parent, more often the mother than the father. Those who had disclosed were generally more open about their sexual orientation than those who had not, and few of the nondisclosed expected parental acceptance. Those who had disclosed reported verbal and physical abuse …
Predictors of Suicide Attempts Among Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Youth
This research identified predictors of past suicide attempts in 194 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth, 15 through 21 years of age, who attended social and recreational groups in urban community settings. In comparison to youth who made no suicide attempts, attempters reported that they had disclosed more completely their sexual orientation to others, had lost more friends because of their disclosures, and had experienced more victimization due to …
A twin registry study of male and female sexual orientation
Monozygotic (MZ), same‐sex dizygotic (DZ), and opposite‐sex (OS) twins from the Minnesota Twin Registry responded to a sexual orientation survey. Using the relative frequencies of heterosexuals, bisexuals, and homosexuals responding to the survey and generalizing these frequencies to the entire Registry, the prevalence of bisexuality among women was estimated as 1.58% and among men, 2.08%. For homosexuality, prevalence rates for women and men wer…
Dimensions of occupations
This study investigates the dimensions of occupation, and distances between occupational categories, by using intra-pair differences in adult occupational position for identical twins reared apart. Status and farm dimensions of occupation were identified. The results validate the use of occupational status as a dimension of occupational position. The causes of individual differences for the derived status dimension were also evaluated, based on g…
The impact of victimization on the mental health and suicidality of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths 15 to 21 years old were studied to determine the impact of verbal abuse, threat of attacks, and assault on their mental health, including suicide. Family support and self-acceptance were hypothesized to act as mediators of the victimization and mental health-suicide relation. Structural equation modeling revealed that in addition to a direct effect of victimization on mental health, family support and self-accept…
Traits and metatraits
Metatraits measure individual differences in construct relevancy, whereas traits measure individual differences in construct extremity. Twenty-four traits and metatraits were examined in this study using 157 pairs of identical twins reared together, 95 pairs of identical twins reared apart, 211 pairs of fraternal twins reared together, and 228 pairs of fraternal twins reared apart obtained from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (see N. L. …
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth in community settings
Studied 194 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth aged 21 and younger who attended programs in 14 community centers to determine the personal challenges they face due to their sexual orientation and their responses to these stresses. First awareness of sexual orientation typically occurred at age 10, but disclosure to another person did not occur until about age 16. There was much variability in sexual behavior, and many youths reported both same‐sex …
African American Undergraduates on a Predominantly White Campus
Anthony R. D'Augelli, Scott L. Hershberger, African American Undergraduates on a Predominantly White Campus: Academic Factors, Social Networks, and Campus Climate, The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 62, No. 1 (Winter, 1993), pp. 67-81
The relationship of academic performance and social support to graduation among African-American and White university students
The influence of perceived social support on differential graduation rates of African-American and White students at a predominantly White university was assessed through path analysis. In the path model, precollege academic performance, first-year college grade-point average (CGPA), and general adjustment variables were hypothesized to affect graduation. Although this initial model provided an adequate fit to the data, the direct path from socia…
A Simple Rule for Generating Equivalent Models in Covariance Structure Modeling
This study introduces the replacing rule as a simplification of Stelzl's (1986) four rules for the generation of recursive equivalent models. The replacing rule is applicable to nonrecursive as well as recursive models, and generates equivalent models through the replacement of direct paths with residual correlations, through the replacement of residual correlations with direct paths, or through the inversion of path directions. Examples of the u…
The impact of victimization on the mental health and suicidality of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths 15 to 21 years old were studied to determine the impact of verbal abuse, threat of attacks, and assault on their mental health, including suicide. Family support and self-acceptance were hypothesized to act as mediators of the victimization and mental health-suicide relation. Structural equation modeling revealed that in addition to a direct effect of victimization on mental health, family support and self-accept…
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth in community settings
Studied 194 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth aged 21 and younger who attended programs in 14 community centers to determine the personal challenges they face due to their sexual orientation and their responses to these stresses. First awareness of sexual orientation typically occurred at age 10, but disclosure to another person did not occur until about age 16. There was much variability in sexual behavior, and many youths reported both same‐sex …
Social Support Networks of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults 60 Years of Age and Older
The social support networks of 416 lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults aged 60 to 91 years were examined. Participants averaged 6 people in their support networks, most of whom were close friends. The gender composition of support networks was greatly influenced by the gender of the respondent. Most support network members knew about respondents' sexual orientation. The most common type of support provided by close friends and social acquaintances …
Predictors of Suicide Attempts Among Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Youth
This research identified predictors of past suicide attempts in 194 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth, 15 through 21 years of age, who attended social and recreational groups in urban community settings. In comparison to youth who made no suicide attempts, attempters reported that they had disclosed more completely their sexual orientation to others, had lost more friends because of their disclosures, and had experienced more victimization due to …
African American Undergraduates on a Predominantly White Campus
Anthony R. D'Augelli, Scott L. Hershberger, African American Undergraduates on a Predominantly White Campus: Academic Factors, Social Networks, and Campus Climate, The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 62, No. 1 (Winter, 1993), pp. 67-81
The Relation Between Sexual Orientation and Penile Size
Childhood and Adolescent Victimization and Perpetration of Sexual Coercion by Male and Female University Students
This study examines the extent to which male and female university students use verbal sexual coercion and physically forced sex on a dating partner and tests a theoretical model that specifies that corporal punishment, minor forms of neglect by parents, and sexual abuse increase the probability of sexually coercing and sexually assaulting a partner, and that this relationship is partly mediated by antisocial traits and behavior. A path analysis …
A twin registry study of male and female sexual orientation
Monozygotic (MZ), same‐sex dizygotic (DZ), and opposite‐sex (OS) twins from the Minnesota Twin Registry responded to a sexual orientation survey. Using the relative frequencies of heterosexuals, bisexuals, and homosexuals responding to the survey and generalizing these frequencies to the entire Registry, the prevalence of bisexuality among women was estimated as 1.58% and among men, 2.08%. For homosexuality, prevalence rates for women and men wer…
The New Rules of Measurement
Contents: S.E. Embretson, S.L. Hershberger, Preface. S.E. Embretson, Issues in the Measurement of Cognitive Abilities. R.M. Thorndike, IRT and Intelligence Testing: Past, Present, and Future. M.H. Daniel, Behind the Scenes: Using New Measurement Methods on DAS and KAIT. B.D. Wright, Fundamental Measurement for Psychology. R.W. Woodcock, What Can Rasch-Based Scores Convey About a Person's Test Performance? G.A. Marcoulides, Generalizability Theory…
Psychometric Properties of an Assessment for Mental Health Recovery Programs
The concept of recovery can be operationalized from either the point of view of the consumer, or from the perspective of the agency providing services. The Milestones of Recovery Scale (MORS) was created to capture aspects of recovery from the agency perspective. Evidence establishing the psychometric properties of the MORS was obtained in three efforts: Inter-rater reliability using staff at The Village, a multi-service organization serving the …
Parenting as Phenotype
This article discusses the behavioral genetic (BG) approach to parenting. Parenting is considered a phenotype that can be influenced by nature and nurture. Genetic contributions to parenting are conceptualized as evidence of genotype-environment correlation (rGE). Early BG studies focused on demonstrating that some parenting dimensions were heritable due to passive and evocative rGE processes. Current studies are investigating moderators and medi…
Traits and metatraits
Metatraits measure individual differences in construct relevancy, whereas traits measure individual differences in construct extremity. Twenty-four traits and metatraits were examined in this study using 157 pairs of identical twins reared together, 95 pairs of identical twins reared apart, 211 pairs of fraternal twins reared together, and 228 pairs of fraternal twins reared apart obtained from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (see N. L. …
The Cognitive, Behavioral, and Personality Profiles of a Male Monozygotic Triplet Set Discordant for Sexual Orientation
A Simple Rule for Generating Equivalent Models in Covariance Structure Modeling
This study introduces the replacing rule as a simplification of Stelzl's (1986) four rules for the generation of recursive equivalent models. The replacing rule is applicable to nonrecursive as well as recursive models, and generates equivalent models through the replacement of direct paths with residual correlations, through the replacement of residual correlations with direct paths, or through the inversion of path directions. Examples of the u…
The relationship of academic performance and social support to graduation among African-American and White university students
The influence of perceived social support on differential graduation rates of African-American and White students at a predominantly White university was assessed through path analysis. In the path model, precollege academic performance, first-year college grade-point average (CGPA), and general adjustment variables were hypothesized to affect graduation. Although this initial model provided an adequate fit to the data, the direct path from socia…
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth in community settings
Studied 194 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth aged 21 and younger who attended programs in 14 community centers to determine the personal challenges they face due to their sexual orientation and their responses to these stresses. First awareness of sexual orientation typically occurred at age 10, but disclosure to another person did not occur until about age 16. There was much variability in sexual behavior, and many youths reported both same‐sex …
African American Undergraduates on a Predominantly White Campus
Anthony R. D'Augelli, Scott L. Hershberger, African American Undergraduates on a Predominantly White Campus: Academic Factors, Social Networks, and Campus Climate, The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 62, No. 1 (Winter, 1993), pp. 67-81
Dimensions of occupations
This study investigates the dimensions of occupation, and distances between occupational categories, by using intra-pair differences in adult occupational position for identical twins reared apart. Status and farm dimensions of occupation were identified. The results validate the use of occupational status as a dimension of occupational position. The causes of individual differences for the derived status dimension were also evaluated, based on g…
The impact of victimization on the mental health and suicidality of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths 15 to 21 years old were studied to determine the impact of verbal abuse, threat of attacks, and assault on their mental health, including suicide. Family support and self-acceptance were hypothesized to act as mediators of the victimization and mental health-suicide relation. Structural equation modeling revealed that in addition to a direct effect of victimization on mental health, family support and self-accept…
Traits and metatraits
Metatraits measure individual differences in construct relevancy, whereas traits measure individual differences in construct extremity. Twenty-four traits and metatraits were examined in this study using 157 pairs of identical twins reared together, 95 pairs of identical twins reared apart, 211 pairs of fraternal twins reared together, and 228 pairs of fraternal twins reared apart obtained from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (see N. L. …
Predictors of Suicide Attempts Among Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Youth
This research identified predictors of past suicide attempts in 194 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth, 15 through 21 years of age, who attended social and recreational groups in urban community settings. In comparison to youth who made no suicide attempts, attempters reported that they had disclosed more completely their sexual orientation to others, had lost more friends because of their disclosures, and had experienced more victimization due to …
A twin registry study of male and female sexual orientation
Monozygotic (MZ), same‐sex dizygotic (DZ), and opposite‐sex (OS) twins from the Minnesota Twin Registry responded to a sexual orientation survey. Using the relative frequencies of heterosexuals, bisexuals, and homosexuals responding to the survey and generalizing these frequencies to the entire Registry, the prevalence of bisexuality among women was estimated as 1.58% and among men, 2.08%. For homosexuality, prevalence rates for women and men wer…
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth and their families
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youngsters, aged 14-21 and living at home, were studied for patterns of disclosure of sexual orientation to families. Three-quarters had told at least one parent, more often the mother than the father. Those who had disclosed were generally more open about their sexual orientation than those who had not, and few of the nondisclosed expected parental acceptance. Those who had disclosed reported verbal and physical abuse …
Cooperation and Competition Between Twins
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Individual Differences in Masculinity, Femininity, and Gender Diagnosticity
Analyzing data from Loehlin and Nichols's (1976) classic twin study, we computed measures of Masculine Instrumentality (M), Feminine Expressiveness (F), and Gender Diagnosticity (GD). Quantitative genetic modeling analyses of within‐sex individual differences in M, F, and GD indicated that: (1) Additive genetic factors contribute significantly to individual differences in M, F, and GD. (2) The environmental effects on M, F, and GD tend to be nons…
The Relation Between Sexual Orientation and Penile Size
The New Rules of Measurement
Contents: S.E. Embretson, S.L. Hershberger, Preface. S.E. Embretson, Issues in the Measurement of Cognitive Abilities. R.M. Thorndike, IRT and Intelligence Testing: Past, Present, and Future. M.H. Daniel, Behind the Scenes: Using New Measurement Methods on DAS and KAIT. B.D. Wright, Fundamental Measurement for Psychology. R.W. Woodcock, What Can Rasch-Based Scores Convey About a Person's Test Performance? G.A. Marcoulides, Generalizability Theory…
Social Support Networks of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults 60 Years of Age and Older
The social support networks of 416 lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults aged 60 to 91 years were examined. Participants averaged 6 people in their support networks, most of whom were close friends. The gender composition of support networks was greatly influenced by the gender of the respondent. Most support network members knew about respondents' sexual orientation. The most common type of support provided by close friends and social acquaintances …
Aspects of mental health among older lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults
This study examined aspects of mental health among 416 lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults aged 60 to 91 years old, attending social and recreational programs. Mental health indicators were perceived mental health status; self-esteem; internalized homophobia; loneliness; alcohol and drug abuse; and suicidality. Better mental health was correlated with higher self-esteem, less loneliness, and lower internalized homophobia. Compared to women, men rep…
Suicidality Patterns and Sexual Orientation‐Related Factors Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youths
Three hundred fifty lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths aged 14 to 21 years were questioned about suicidal thoughts and behaviors, families' reactions to youths' sexual orientation, and suicidality among relatives and friends. Results confirmed an association between sexual orientation and suicidality. Nearly half (42%) had sometimes or often thought of suicide; one third (33%) reported at least one suicide attempt. Many related suicidal ideation a…
Incidence and mental health impact of sexual orientation victimization of lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths in high school.
This study examined victimization during high school based on sexual orientation of 350 lesbian, gay, or bisexual (lgb) youths aged 21 and younger. Experiences of direct victimization as well as knowledge of other lgb youths’ victimization were assessed. Over half reported verbal abuse in high school because of their sexual orientation, and 11% said they had been physically assaulted. Youths who were more open in high school about their sexual or…
A Cognitive–Behavioral Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk Behaviors in Crack and Injection Drug Users
Dating and Commitment Choices as a Function of Ethnicity among American College Students in California
The incidence of interracial and interethnic dating and marriage in the United States has increased. This investigation examined dating and commitment choices as a function of ethnicity and sex among groups of Euro-American, Hispanic-American, Asian-American, and African-American college students. A convenience sample of college students comprising 329 heterosexual subjects (134 men, 195 women) was surveyed regarding their partner preferences for…
The Cognitive, Behavioral, and Personality Profiles of a Male Monozygotic Triplet Set Discordant for Sexual Orientation
Modeling censored-in-the-middle condom use data
Many HIV prevention programs seek to reduce the risk of infection through increases in condom use. Condom use is often expressed as a proportion: the number of sexual contacts in which a condom is used divided by the total number of sexual contacts. The distribution of this proportion has several undesirable characteristics-the principal one is bimodality. Bimodality results from excessive numbers of 0% and 100% responses, creating distributions …
Psychometric Properties of an Assessment for Mental Health Recovery Programs
The concept of recovery can be operationalized from either the point of view of the consumer, or from the perspective of the agency providing services. The Milestones of Recovery Scale (MORS) was created to capture aspects of recovery from the agency perspective. Evidence establishing the psychometric properties of the MORS was obtained in three efforts: Inter-rater reliability using staff at The Village, a multi-service organization serving the …
Childhood and Adolescent Victimization and Perpetration of Sexual Coercion by Male and Female University Students
This study examines the extent to which male and female university students use verbal sexual coercion and physically forced sex on a dating partner and tests a theoretical model that specifies that corporal punishment, minor forms of neglect by parents, and sexual abuse increase the probability of sexually coercing and sexually assaulting a partner, and that this relationship is partly mediated by antisocial traits and behavior. A path analysis …
Parenting as Phenotype
This article discusses the behavioral genetic (BG) approach to parenting. Parenting is considered a phenotype that can be influenced by nature and nurture. Genetic contributions to parenting are conceptualized as evidence of genotype-environment correlation (rGE). Early BG studies focused on demonstrating that some parenting dimensions were heritable due to passive and evocative rGE processes. Current studies are investigating moderators and medi…
Psychology (20 works) · Social Psychology (15 works) · Developmental psychology (13 works) · Clinical Psychology (11 works) · Medicine (11 works) · Psychiatry (10 works) · Sexual orientation (10 works) · Homosexuality (9 works) · LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy (9 works) · Lesbian (8 works)