T R Pauketat
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3132 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | T R Pauketat |
| NOMBRES | T R |
| APELLIDO | Pauketat |
| FIRMA | PAUKETAT T R |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4305-719X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 765 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1989 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
Cahokia as Urban Anomaly
The word ‘urban’ is now commonly used to characterize the unusual, amorphous, and sprawling three-part complex of monuments, water features, and pole-and-thatch buildings known as Cahokia. Besides its tripartite spatiality, Cahokia was anomalous in other ways. It arose rapidly, was built in a watery landscape, and was a relatively short-term phenomenon. To understand these anomalous qualities, we focus on three archaeologically isolatable, short-…
Circular Mounds and Sweat Lodges in the Greater Cahokia Region
New archaeological and geophysical evidence from the Greater Cahokia region affirms that so-called conical mounds of the Mississippian era were, in fact, flat-topped circular platforms. Historical accounts indicate that such mounds were numerous across the region and were topped by or associated with circular sweat lodges and rotundas and paired with rectangular structures and mounds built in rows or connected by earthen causeways. Our geophysica…
Archaeological Investigations on the Emerald Avenue, a Potential Mississippian Period Roadway in Southwestern Illinois
In this paper, we present our investigations on the Emerald Avenue, a potential Mississippian period (a.d. 1050–1400) roadway in southwestern Illinois. It is hypothesized that this road connected the pre-Columbian city of Cahokia to the Emerald Acropolis, a shrine complex 24 km to the east. To confirm the presence of the Emerald Avenue and document its physical characteristics and chronology, we performed an electrical resistivity tomography surv…
When the Rains Stopped
Climate change and human history converged in the ancient Mississippi Valley at the Native American city of Greater Cahokia. Following the materials and substantial flows through four centuries of the Medieval Climate Optimum (ca. 900–1300 ce) leads to the recognition that evapotranspiration—as experienced in the American Midwest and institutionalized as “Steam Bath Ceremonialism”—was central to the formation and demise of Cahokian urbanism. The …
Interrogating Diaspora and Movement in the Greater Cahokian World
Against Scott's Grain
Cultivars domesticated and organized people. Cereal grain-growing agriculturists—at least those lucky enough to live in floodplains—exploited others in order to sustain themselves. From such preconditions, states were born, the organizational fragilities of which routinely led to their dissolution, and to other sorts of social forms in peripheral locations. This is James Scott's Against the Grain in a nutshell
Elements of Cahokian Neighborhoods
American Indian neighborhoods were very much under construction during the late-eleventh century at Cahokia in the American Bottom region of southwestern Illinois. A social order that transcended pre-Mississippian village life may now be defined based on large-scale excavations at East St. Louis and Cahokia proper. Architectural patterns and craft production debris within the greater central complex indicate possible religious, if not political o…
Water and Shells in Bodies and Pots
A Ray of Theoretical Sunshine
Illuminating Triangulations
The moon and its moonlight mediated human and non-human relationships in ways that a relational theory of bundling helps us to understand. Similar to assemblage, bundling better captures the ways that human perceptions involve triangulations and transfers. Pre-Columbian human experience in the Mississippi River valley was intimately aligned to the nightly, monthly, and generational cycles of the moon as these converged with the earth and other mo…
Trempealeau’s Little Bluff
Archaeological and geomorphological investigations of Little Bluff (47Tr32), in Trempealeau, Wisconsin, reveal how and, possibly, why this loess-capped sandstone ridge spur was anthropogenically altered in the mid-eleventh century A.D. Project excavation units and trenches dug in 2010–2011 revealed the timing, rate of completion, structure, symmetry, and orientation of the construction. In addition to delineating construction details and associat…
Trempealeau’s Little Bluff
Archaeological and geomorphological investigations of Little Bluff (47Tr32), in Trempealeau, Wisconsin, reveal how and, possibly, why this loess-capped sandstone ridge spur was anthropogenically altered in the mid-eleventh century A.D. Project excavation units and trenches dug in 2010–2011 revealed the timing, rate of completion, structure, symmetry, and orientation of the construction. In addition to delineating construction details and associat…
The Emerald Acropolis
In search of mound-builder histories
There are insights to be gained from comparing three very different books on the mounds, mound-builders and moundvilles of later pre-Columbian and early historic-period eastern North America. These insights stem from the range of perspectives embodied by the trio of hardbacks here, written by authors with diverse backgrounds using very different kinds of case material. In one book, historian Terry Barnhart gives us a rich reading of the historica…
Sense and Sensibility in Midwestern Archaeology and the Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology , Part III
Trempealeau Entanglements
Archaeological investigations at the Trempealeau and Fisher Mounds Site Complexes in western Wisconsin have provided definitive evidence of settlements and platform mounds in a portion of the Upper Mississippi Valley dating to the early Cahokian era, immediately priorto A.D. 1050 and ending before A.D. 1100. The presence ofCahokian earthen constructions, wall-trench buildings, ceramics, and imported stone tools associated with likely religious bu…
The Great Plains and Mississippi Valley
Environment The Great Plains and Mississippi Valley encompass most of eastern North America, from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, including the Ohio River drainage, the Appalachians, and the Missouri River Basin. This vast area encompasses significant geomorphological, biotic and climatic diversity. Much of the midcontinent had been glaciated, characterised today by level to gently rolling topography. Uplifts and more heavily dissected regions make…
Grand challenges for archaeology
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
The tragedy of the commoners
This is not to say that all people acted knowingly and in a goal-oriented fashion to confer their power upon one man, as Hobbes implies. Rather, we may take a cue from Garrett Hardin’s (1977) consideration of the “commons.” Hardin considered the “commons” - lands or resources set aside for the use and benefit of all - to be subject to an internally generated dialectical transformation. That is, because commons are shared by and accessible to all …
Grand Challenges for Archaeology
This article represents a systematic effort to answer the question, What are archaeology's most important scientific challenges? Starting with a crowd-sourced query directed broadly to the professional community of archaeologists, the authors augmented, prioritized, and refined the responses during a two-day workshop focused specifically on this question. The resulting 25 'grand challenges' focus on dynamic cultural processes and the operation of…
A Mississippian conflagration at East St. Louis and its political-historical implications
A walled portion of the extensive Precolumbian civic-ceremonial precinct of East St. Louis, near present day St. Louis, Missouri, enclosed a cluster of as many as 100 small buildings or huts. The huts were associated with a walled ritual-residential zone or elite compound dating to the late Stirling phase (a.d. 1150–1200) and, importantly, were burned in a single conflagration. The burning of East St. Louis may have resulted from a ritual commemo…
An Archaeology of the Cosmos
An Archaeology of the Cosmos seeks answers to two fundamental questions of humanity and human history. The first question concerns that which some use as a defining element of humanity: religious beliefs. Why do so many people believe in supreme beings and holy spirits? The second question concerns changes in those beliefs. What causes beliefs to change? Using archaeological evidence gathered from ancient America, especially case material from th…
Lords of the Southeast
Big Histories, Human Lives
Historical-processual archaeology and culture making
Agency in a Postmold? Physicality and the Archaeology of Culture-Making
Grand Challenges for Archaeology
This article represents a systematic effort to answer the question, What are archaeology's most important scientific challenges? Starting with a crowd-sourced query directed broadly to the professional community of archaeologists, the authors augmented, prioritized, and refined the responses during a two-day workshop focused specifically on this question. The resulting 25 'grand challenges' focus on dynamic cultural processes and the operation of…
Resettled Farmers and the Making of a Mississippian Polity
Population displacement, resettlement, and migration constitute important dimensions in a general process of 'cultural construction.' A pedestrian survey and extensive excavations of 255 domestic buildings and related artifacts at 15 contemporaneous sites document a pattern of localized resettlement in which thousands of agricultural villagers moved or were displaced coeval with the founding of Cahokia. The resettled villagers appear to have move…
Practice and history in archaeology
A new paradigm is emerging in archaeology herein dubbed 'historical processualism'. A review of three contemporary approaches to the study of the past - neo-Darwinism, cognitive-processualism, and agency theory - suggests that the standard notions of 'behavior' and 'evolution' are being replaced in archaeological explanations by 'practice' and 'history'. Behavioral analogies, commonly used to construct inferences about 'why' cultures changed, are…
The Ideology of Authority and the Power of the Pot
Ramey Incised pots appear to have been manufactured at and dispersed from centers of chiefly authority during the 11th-12th centuries A.D. in a portion of the Mississippi Valley. Based on an analysis of motif design, meaning, and the archeological context of vessels, an elite ideology appears indicated in which chiefly lords were the mediators of the cosmos. This archeological perspective in political ideology begins to address the larger questio…
The Residues of Feasting and Public Ritual at Early Cahokia
Archaeological remains excavated from the stratified layers of a pre-Columbian borrow pit in the middle of the Cahokia site inform our understanding of how ritual events were related to the social and political foundations of that enormous center. Ordinary and extraordinary refuse, ranging from foods and cooking pots to craft-production debris and sumptuary goods, are associated with a series of large-scale, single-event dumping episodes related …
Monitoring Mississippian Homestead Occupation Span and Economy Using Ceramic Refuse
Occupation spans of small late prehistoric sites in the American Bottom of southwestern Illinois are estimated through consideration of the formation of ceramic refuse. Archaeological and ethnographic data inform a model which takes the form of both a computer simulation and a quantitative transform. Critical variables include a behavioral assemblage, a disposal assemblage, vessel use life, and breakage and replacement rates. A number of factors …
Cahokia
Cahokia
About one thousand years ago, Native Americans built hundreds of earthen platform mounds, plazas, residential areas, and other types of monuments in the vicinity of present-day St. Louis. This sprawling complex, known to archaeologists as Cahokia, was the dominant cultural, ceremonial, and trade centre north of Mexico for centuries. This stimulating collection of essays casts new light on the remarkable accomplishments of Cahokia. Timothy R. Pauk…
Trempealeau Entanglements
Archaeological investigations at the Trempealeau and Fisher Mounds Site Complexes in western Wisconsin have provided definitive evidence of settlements and platform mounds in a portion of the Upper Mississippi Valley dating to the early Cahokian era, immediately priorto A.D. 1050 and ending before A.D. 1100. The presence ofCahokian earthen constructions, wall-trench buildings, ceramics, and imported stone tools associated with likely religious bu…
Refiguring the archaeology of greater Cahokia
A Mississippian conflagration at East St. Louis and its political-historical implications
A walled portion of the extensive Precolumbian civic-ceremonial precinct of East St. Louis, near present day St. Louis, Missouri, enclosed a cluster of as many as 100 small buildings or huts. The huts were associated with a walled ritual-residential zone or elite compound dating to the late Stirling phase (a.d. 1150–1200) and, importantly, were burned in a single conflagration. The burning of East St. Louis may have resulted from a ritual commemo…
The Construction and Use of Cahokia’s Grand Plaza
Excavations were conducted in 1997 and 2004 along a 1200 m-long waterline corridor through the middle of the central plaza at Cahokia, the largest and possibly earliest Mississippian period (A.D. 1050–1350) population center in North America. These excavations provide a unique window into previously unknown aspects of the construction and use history of this singular monumental space. Built as the centerpiece of Cahokia's city plan in the middle …
The Emerald Acropolis
Why Wall Trenches
Discussions of Mississippian architectural modes have dwelled too much on differentiating flexed-pole and rigidpost buildings, both of which were probably constructed throughout the Mississippian period (A.D. 1050–1350) in the greater Cahokia region. New evidence from recently excavated Richland Complex settlements suggests the innovation of a “curtain-wall construction technique” that, on the one hand, was based on a traditional interior truss s…
Interrogating Diaspora and Movement in the Greater Cahokian World
Trempealeau’s Little Bluff
Archaeological and geomorphological investigations of Little Bluff (47Tr32), in Trempealeau, Wisconsin, reveal how and, possibly, why this loess-capped sandstone ridge spur was anthropogenically altered in the mid-eleventh century A.D. Project excavation units and trenches dug in 2010–2011 revealed the timing, rate of completion, structure, symmetry, and orientation of the construction. In addition to delineating construction details and associat…
Cahokia
When the Rains Stopped
Climate change and human history converged in the ancient Mississippi Valley at the Native American city of Greater Cahokia. Following the materials and substantial flows through four centuries of the Medieval Climate Optimum (ca. 900–1300 ce) leads to the recognition that evapotranspiration—as experienced in the American Midwest and institutionalized as “Steam Bath Ceremonialism”—was central to the formation and demise of Cahokian urbanism. The …
The making and meaning of a Mississippian axe-head cache
The recent discovery of a cache of 70 groundstone axe-heads at the Grossmann site, near Cahokia, in the Mississippi valley prompts a new interpretation of the commemorative and ritual value of such deposits. The makers of these axe-heads seem to belong to a community of specialists who had a contributory role in the foundation of the Cahokia polity
Archaeology without Alternativs
Religion in the Prehispanic Southwest
Archaeological Investigations on the Emerald Avenue, a Potential Mississippian Period Roadway in Southwestern Illinois
In this paper, we present our investigations on the Emerald Avenue, a potential Mississippian period (a.d. 1050–1400) roadway in southwestern Illinois. It is hypothesized that this road connected the pre-Columbian city of Cahokia to the Emerald Acropolis, a shrine complex 24 km to the east. To confirm the presence of the Emerald Avenue and document its physical characteristics and chronology, we performed an electrical resistivity tomography surv…
Elements of Cahokian Neighborhoods
American Indian neighborhoods were very much under construction during the late-eleventh century at Cahokia in the American Bottom region of southwestern Illinois. A social order that transcended pre-Mississippian village life may now be defined based on large-scale excavations at East St. Louis and Cahokia proper. Architectural patterns and craft production debris within the greater central complex indicate possible religious, if not political o…
Illuminating Triangulations
The moon and its moonlight mediated human and non-human relationships in ways that a relational theory of bundling helps us to understand. Similar to assemblage, bundling better captures the ways that human perceptions involve triangulations and transfers. Pre-Columbian human experience in the Mississippi River valley was intimately aligned to the nightly, monthly, and generational cycles of the moon as these converged with the earth and other mo…
Monitoring Mississippian Homestead Occupation Span and Economy Using Ceramic Refuse
Occupation spans of small late prehistoric sites in the American Bottom of southwestern Illinois are estimated through consideration of the formation of ceramic refuse. Archaeological and ethnographic data inform a model which takes the form of both a computer simulation and a quantitative transform. Critical variables include a behavioral assemblage, a disposal assemblage, vessel use life, and breakage and replacement rates. A number of factors …
The Ideology of Authority and the Power of the Pot
Ramey Incised pots appear to have been manufactured at and dispersed from centers of chiefly authority during the 11th-12th centuries A.D. in a portion of the Mississippi Valley. Based on an analysis of motif design, meaning, and the archeological context of vessels, an elite ideology appears indicated in which chiefly lords were the mediators of the cosmos. This archeological perspective in political ideology begins to address the larger questio…
The Reign and Ruin of the Lords of Cahokia
The intellectual roots of and archaeological evidence for a "climax" of the late-prehistoric Cahokia polity are reconsidered. The increased sacralization of chiefly authority seems apparent at the same time that the political economy may have stagnated during the late 11th century A.D. This apparent quandary may be resolved if we recognize the dialectical relationship between chiefly political structure and a chiefly ideology. Centralization and …
Introduction
Lords of the Southeast
Moving Archaeology Down the Line Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America. Timothy G. Baugh , Jonathan E. Ericson
The Foundations of Inequality within a Simulated Shan Community
Cahokia
Mississippian Ups and Downs
Political Structure and Change in the Prehistoric Southeastern United States. John F. Scarry. ed. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1996. 324 pp.Mississippian Communities and Households. J. Daniel Rogers and Bruce D. Smith. eds. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1995. 310 pp
Refiguring the Archaeology of Greater Cahokia
Refiguring the archaeology of greater Cahokia
Cahokia
About one thousand years ago, Native Americans built hundreds of earthen platform mounds, plazas, residential areas, and other types of monuments in the vicinity of present-day St. Louis. This sprawling complex, known to archaeologists as Cahokia, was the dominant cultural, ceremonial, and trade centre north of Mexico for centuries. This stimulating collection of essays casts new light on the remarkable accomplishments of Cahokia. Timothy R. Pauk…
Cahokia
Cahokia and the Archaeology of Power
The days are long gone when archaeologists would automatically interpret any major prehistoric monument as evidence of a hierarchically organized society. Faced with a Stonehenge or a Silbury Hill, the evident deployment of large labour forces might naturally lead to thoughts of social élites and stratified societies. The task facing archaeologists today, however, is to interpret such monuments not as programmatic products of parallel social proc…
Staging Ritual
Practice and history in archaeology
A new paradigm is emerging in archaeology herein dubbed 'historical processualism'. A review of three contemporary approaches to the study of the past - neo-Darwinism, cognitive-processualism, and agency theory - suggests that the standard notions of 'behavior' and 'evolution' are being replaced in archaeological explanations by 'practice' and 'history'. Behavioral analogies, commonly used to construct inferences about 'why' cultures changed, are…
The Residues of Feasting and Public Ritual at Early Cahokia
Archaeological remains excavated from the stratified layers of a pre-Columbian borrow pit in the middle of the Cahokia site inform our understanding of how ritual events were related to the social and political foundations of that enormous center. Ordinary and extraordinary refuse, ranging from foods and cooking pots to craft-production debris and sumptuary goods, are associated with a series of large-scale, single-event dumping episodes related …
Resettled Farmers and the Making of a Mississippian Polity
Population displacement, resettlement, and migration constitute important dimensions in a general process of 'cultural construction.' A pedestrian survey and extensive excavations of 255 domestic buildings and related artifacts at 15 contemporaneous sites document a pattern of localized resettlement in which thousands of agricultural villagers moved or were displaced coeval with the founding of Cahokia. The resettled villagers appear to have move…
The making and meaning of a Mississippian axe-head cache
The recent discovery of a cache of 70 groundstone axe-heads at the Grossmann site, near Cahokia, in the Mississippi valley prompts a new interpretation of the commemorative and ritual value of such deposits. The makers of these axe-heads seem to belong to a community of specialists who had a contributory role in the foundation of the Cahokia polity
Archaeology without Alternativs
Agency in a Postmold? Physicality and the Archaeology of Culture-Making
Leadership and Polity in Mississippian Society . Brian M. Butler , Paul D. Welch
Star Performances and Cosmic Clutter
Are there long-term processes invisible over short spans? And if so, how might they relate to the loci of long-term social change, those performative or practical moments wherein agents enact, embody, or otherwise engage traditions, landscapes, or structures? Here, we are particularly concerned with the experience of starry skies as these were historically reckoned through cluttered object fields and cosmic events. These are key to understanding …
Religion in the Prehispanic Southwest
The Construction and Use of Cahokia’s Grand Plaza
Excavations were conducted in 1997 and 2004 along a 1200 m-long waterline corridor through the middle of the central plaza at Cahokia, the largest and possibly earliest Mississippian period (A.D. 1050–1350) population center in North America. These excavations provide a unique window into previously unknown aspects of the construction and use history of this singular monumental space. Built as the centerpiece of Cahokia's city plan in the middle …
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