Shalini Bharat
Biographic Data
| ID | 314605 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Shalini Bharat |
| GIVEN NAMES | Shalini |
| FAMILY NAME | Bharat |
| SIGNATURE | BHARAT S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tata Institute of Social Sciences |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2413-6987 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 63 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 19 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Mental health in India
Correlates of health care utilization under targeted interventions
Accessibility and frequency of use of health care services among female sex workers (FSWs) are constrained by various factors. In this analysis, we examined the correlates of frequency of using health care services under targeted interventions among FSWs. A sample of FSWs (N = 1,973) was obtained from a second round (2012) of Behavioral Tracking Survey, conducted in five districts of Andhra Pradesh, a high-HIV-prevalence state in southern India. …
Factors Associated With the Likelihood of Further Movement Among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India
Female sex workers (FSWs) are vulnerable to HIV infection. Their socioeconomic and behavioural vulnerabilities are crucial push factors for movement for sex work. This paper assesses the factors associated with the likelihood of movement of sex workers from their current place of work. Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey conducted among 5498 mobile FSWs in 22 districts of high in-migration across four states in southern India. A multi…
Male circumcision for HIV prevention in India
A compelling case for promoting male circumcision (MC) as an intervention for reducing the risk of heterosexually acquired HIV infection was made by dissemination of the results of three studies in Africa. The WHO/UNAIDS recommendation for MC for countries like India, where the epidemic in concentrated in high-risk groups, advocates MC for specific population groups such as men at higher risk for HIV acquisition. A multicentre qualitative study w…
Considering risk contexts in explaining the paradoxical HIV increase among female sex workers in Mumbai and Thane, India
Targeted harm reduction programmes with sex workers fail when implemented in complex urban environments that favour abolition. Increased stigmatisation and dispersal of risk can no longer be considered as unexpected. Reaching the increasing proportion of sex workers who intentionally avoid HIV prevention programmes has become the main challenge. Future evaluations need to incorporate building 'dark logic' models to predict potential harms
Gender-Based Attitudes, Hiv Misconceptions and Feelings Towards Marginalized Groups Are Associated With Stigmatization in Mumbai, India
This study examined the association of gender-based attitudes, HIV misconceptions and community feelings for marginalized groups with stigmatizing responses towards people with HIV/AIDS in Mumbai, India. Participants included 546 men and women sampled in hospital settings during 2007–2008. Structured measures were used to assess avoidance intentions and denial of rights of people with HIV/AIDS. Mean age of participants was 32 years; 42% had less …
Differences in testing, stigma, and perceived consequences of stigmatization among heterosexual men and women living with HIV in Bengaluru, India
Approximately 2.4 million people in India are living with HIV. Gender inequality affects HIV prevention, detection, and management. The purpose of this paper was to describe gender differences in the experience of living with HIV in Bengaluru, India. A subsample of n = 313 (159 men and 154 women) from a larger cohort was used for these analyses. Participants were recruited through AIDS service organizations. They completed an interviewer-administ…
Sexual partner mixing and differentials in consistent condom use among men who have sex with men in Maharashtra, India
Sexual partner mixing among men who have sex with men (MSM), based on both gender and partnership status, is an understudied theme in India. Using data from Round 2 of the Integrated Bio-behavioral Survey, this paper reports on gender and partnership status-based sexual mixing and levels of consistent condom use (CCU) among MSM in Maharashtra. A total of 689 MSM were sampled using probability-based sampling. Bivariate and regression analyses were…
Risk reduction and perceived collective efficacy and community support among female sex workers in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra, India
BACKGROUND: Empowering sex workers to mobilise and influence the structural context that obstructs risk reduction efforts is now seen an essential component of successful HIV prevention programmes. However, success depends on local programme environments and history. METHODS: The authors analysed data from the Integrated Behavioural and Biological Assessment Round I cross-sectional survey among female sex workers in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Th…
A systematic review of HIV/Aids-related stigma and discrimination in India
Blame, Symbolic Stigma and HIV Misconceptions are Associated with Support for Coercive Measures in Urban India
This study was designed to examine the prevalence of stigma and its underlying factors in two large Indian cities. Cross-sectional interview data were collected from 1,076 non-HIV patients in multiple healthcare settings in Mumbai and Bengaluru, India. The vast majority of participants supported mandatory testing for marginalized groups and coercive family policies for PLHA, stating that they "deserved" their infections and "didn't care" about in…
HIV-related stigma
Meeting the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of People Living with HIV
A trained health service workforce is critical to ensuring good quality service delivery to people with HIV. There is only limited documented information on the challenges and constraints facing health care providers in meeting the sexual and reproductive health needs of HIV positive women and men. This paper reviews information on providers' attitudes, motivation and level of preparedness in addressing the sexual and reproductive health needs of…
Understanding and measuring Aids-related stigma in health care settings
AIDS-related stigma and discrimination remain pervasive problems in health care institutions worldwide. This paper reports on stigma-related baseline findings from a study in New Delhi, India to evaluate the impact of a stigma-reduction intervention in three large hospitals. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with hospital staff and HIV-infected patients, surveys with hospital workers (884 doctors, nurses and ward staff) and observations…
Towards Methodological Rigour in the Study of the Family
The multidisciplinary knowledge base that contributes to our understanding of the family does not facilitate methodological rigour. This is so because the methodology of the contributing disciplines does not always do justice to the unique features of the family, leading to a lack of "methodological understanding" (Brown & Kidwell, 1982: 852). Recognising the need to develop an independent methodology to study the family, experts in the field hav…
Beyond Joint and Nuclear
Careful perusal of the family literature in India dispels the belief that the Indian family was basically joint, and that following industrialisation and urbanisation, the nuclear family replaced it. On the contrary, the literature demonstrates that family plurality has been an essential feature of Indian society and that joint, nuclear, single parent, dual earner and adoptive families have always coexisted. The evolution of family research, char…
Perception of Aids in Mumbai
Social perception of an illness impacts people's ways of responding to the sick and to the illness itself. In particular, illnesses that are given to moral interpreta tions such as STDs and AIDS elicit more negative than positive responses. This paper seeks to understand how AIDS isperceived and interpreted within a cultural setting. Using the qualitative research approach, 18 focus group discussions were held with young and adult men and women i…
Facing the challenge
How households and families respond to AIDS is of fundamental importance when it comes to designing programmes and interventions to provide support and care to people living with HIV disease. Where household and family responses are negative, different kinds of interventions may be needed from those where responses are more supportive. This paper reports on findings from an in-depth study of household and family responses to HIV and AIDS in India…
Household and community responses to HIV and Aids in developing countries
Household and community responses to HIV and AIDS are shaped by the contexts in which women, men and children live and socialize. In this study carried out in the Dominican Republic, Mexico, India, Tanzania and Thailand, factors relating to economic resources and gender influenced the forms of care and support made available to people living with HIV and AIDS. Adults and children in poorer households and communities suffered most. Beliefs about s…
HIV-related stigma
Beyond Joint and Nuclear
Careful perusal of the family literature in India dispels the belief that the Indian family was basically joint, and that following industrialisation and urbanisation, the nuclear family replaced it. On the contrary, the literature demonstrates that family plurality has been an essential feature of Indian society and that joint, nuclear, single parent, dual earner and adoptive families have always coexisted. The evolution of family research, char…
Understanding and measuring Aids-related stigma in health care settings
AIDS-related stigma and discrimination remain pervasive problems in health care institutions worldwide. This paper reports on stigma-related baseline findings from a study in New Delhi, India to evaluate the impact of a stigma-reduction intervention in three large hospitals. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with hospital staff and HIV-infected patients, surveys with hospital workers (884 doctors, nurses and ward staff) and observations…
Risk reduction and perceived collective efficacy and community support among female sex workers in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra, India
BACKGROUND: Empowering sex workers to mobilise and influence the structural context that obstructs risk reduction efforts is now seen an essential component of successful HIV prevention programmes. However, success depends on local programme environments and history. METHODS: The authors analysed data from the Integrated Behavioural and Biological Assessment Round I cross-sectional survey among female sex workers in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Th…
Perception of Aids in Mumbai
Social perception of an illness impacts people's ways of responding to the sick and to the illness itself. In particular, illnesses that are given to moral interpreta tions such as STDs and AIDS elicit more negative than positive responses. This paper seeks to understand how AIDS isperceived and interpreted within a cultural setting. Using the qualitative research approach, 18 focus group discussions were held with young and adult men and women i…
Household and community responses to HIV and Aids in developing countries
Household and community responses to HIV and AIDS are shaped by the contexts in which women, men and children live and socialize. In this study carried out in the Dominican Republic, Mexico, India, Tanzania and Thailand, factors relating to economic resources and gender influenced the forms of care and support made available to people living with HIV and AIDS. Adults and children in poorer households and communities suffered most. Beliefs about s…
Facing the challenge
How households and families respond to AIDS is of fundamental importance when it comes to designing programmes and interventions to provide support and care to people living with HIV disease. Where household and family responses are negative, different kinds of interventions may be needed from those where responses are more supportive. This paper reports on findings from an in-depth study of household and family responses to HIV and AIDS in India…
Perception of Aids in Mumbai
Social perception of an illness impacts people's ways of responding to the sick and to the illness itself. In particular, illnesses that are given to moral interpreta tions such as STDs and AIDS elicit more negative than positive responses. This paper seeks to understand how AIDS isperceived and interpreted within a cultural setting. Using the qualitative research approach, 18 focus group discussions were held with young and adult men and women i…
Towards Methodological Rigour in the Study of the Family
The multidisciplinary knowledge base that contributes to our understanding of the family does not facilitate methodological rigour. This is so because the methodology of the contributing disciplines does not always do justice to the unique features of the family, leading to a lack of "methodological understanding" (Brown & Kidwell, 1982: 852). Recognising the need to develop an independent methodology to study the family, experts in the field hav…
Beyond Joint and Nuclear
Careful perusal of the family literature in India dispels the belief that the Indian family was basically joint, and that following industrialisation and urbanisation, the nuclear family replaced it. On the contrary, the literature demonstrates that family plurality has been an essential feature of Indian society and that joint, nuclear, single parent, dual earner and adoptive families have always coexisted. The evolution of family research, char…
Meeting the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of People Living with HIV
A trained health service workforce is critical to ensuring good quality service delivery to people with HIV. There is only limited documented information on the challenges and constraints facing health care providers in meeting the sexual and reproductive health needs of HIV positive women and men. This paper reviews information on providers' attitudes, motivation and level of preparedness in addressing the sexual and reproductive health needs of…
Understanding and measuring Aids-related stigma in health care settings
AIDS-related stigma and discrimination remain pervasive problems in health care institutions worldwide. This paper reports on stigma-related baseline findings from a study in New Delhi, India to evaluate the impact of a stigma-reduction intervention in three large hospitals. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with hospital staff and HIV-infected patients, surveys with hospital workers (884 doctors, nurses and ward staff) and observations…
HIV-related stigma
A systematic review of HIV/Aids-related stigma and discrimination in India
Blame, Symbolic Stigma and HIV Misconceptions are Associated with Support for Coercive Measures in Urban India
This study was designed to examine the prevalence of stigma and its underlying factors in two large Indian cities. Cross-sectional interview data were collected from 1,076 non-HIV patients in multiple healthcare settings in Mumbai and Bengaluru, India. The vast majority of participants supported mandatory testing for marginalized groups and coercive family policies for PLHA, stating that they "deserved" their infections and "didn't care" about in…
Risk reduction and perceived collective efficacy and community support among female sex workers in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra, India
BACKGROUND: Empowering sex workers to mobilise and influence the structural context that obstructs risk reduction efforts is now seen an essential component of successful HIV prevention programmes. However, success depends on local programme environments and history. METHODS: The authors analysed data from the Integrated Behavioural and Biological Assessment Round I cross-sectional survey among female sex workers in Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Th…
Gender-Based Attitudes, Hiv Misconceptions and Feelings Towards Marginalized Groups Are Associated With Stigmatization in Mumbai, India
This study examined the association of gender-based attitudes, HIV misconceptions and community feelings for marginalized groups with stigmatizing responses towards people with HIV/AIDS in Mumbai, India. Participants included 546 men and women sampled in hospital settings during 2007–2008. Structured measures were used to assess avoidance intentions and denial of rights of people with HIV/AIDS. Mean age of participants was 32 years; 42% had less …
Differences in testing, stigma, and perceived consequences of stigmatization among heterosexual men and women living with HIV in Bengaluru, India
Approximately 2.4 million people in India are living with HIV. Gender inequality affects HIV prevention, detection, and management. The purpose of this paper was to describe gender differences in the experience of living with HIV in Bengaluru, India. A subsample of n = 313 (159 men and 154 women) from a larger cohort was used for these analyses. Participants were recruited through AIDS service organizations. They completed an interviewer-administ…
Sexual partner mixing and differentials in consistent condom use among men who have sex with men in Maharashtra, India
Sexual partner mixing among men who have sex with men (MSM), based on both gender and partnership status, is an understudied theme in India. Using data from Round 2 of the Integrated Bio-behavioral Survey, this paper reports on gender and partnership status-based sexual mixing and levels of consistent condom use (CCU) among MSM in Maharashtra. A total of 689 MSM were sampled using probability-based sampling. Bivariate and regression analyses were…
Male circumcision for HIV prevention in India
A compelling case for promoting male circumcision (MC) as an intervention for reducing the risk of heterosexually acquired HIV infection was made by dissemination of the results of three studies in Africa. The WHO/UNAIDS recommendation for MC for countries like India, where the epidemic in concentrated in high-risk groups, advocates MC for specific population groups such as men at higher risk for HIV acquisition. A multicentre qualitative study w…
Considering risk contexts in explaining the paradoxical HIV increase among female sex workers in Mumbai and Thane, India
Targeted harm reduction programmes with sex workers fail when implemented in complex urban environments that favour abolition. Increased stigmatisation and dispersal of risk can no longer be considered as unexpected. Reaching the increasing proportion of sex workers who intentionally avoid HIV prevention programmes has become the main challenge. Future evaluations need to incorporate building 'dark logic' models to predict potential harms
Factors Associated With the Likelihood of Further Movement Among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India
Female sex workers (FSWs) are vulnerable to HIV infection. Their socioeconomic and behavioural vulnerabilities are crucial push factors for movement for sex work. This paper assesses the factors associated with the likelihood of movement of sex workers from their current place of work. Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey conducted among 5498 mobile FSWs in 22 districts of high in-migration across four states in southern India. A multi…
Correlates of health care utilization under targeted interventions
Accessibility and frequency of use of health care services among female sex workers (FSWs) are constrained by various factors. In this analysis, we examined the correlates of frequency of using health care services under targeted interventions among FSWs. A sample of FSWs (N = 1,973) was obtained from a second round (2012) of Behavioral Tracking Survey, conducted in five districts of Andhra Pradesh, a high-HIV-prevalence state in southern India. …
Mental health in India
Medicine (14 works) · Family medicine (12 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (10 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · Environmental health (7 works) · Political science (7 works)