Geoff Der
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 322494 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Geoff Der |
| NOMBRES | Geoff |
| APELLIDO | Der |
| FIRMA | DER G |
| AFILIACIONES | MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8677-073X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 155 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1998 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Sitting as a moral practice
Amidst public health campaigns urging people to sit less as well as being more physically active, this paper investigates how older adults make sense of their sedentary behaviour. Using an accounts framework focusing on how people rationalise their sitting practices, we analysed data from 44 qualitative interviews with older adults. All interviewees had received information about sedentary behaviour and health, visual feedback on their own object…
The Influence of Neighbourhoods and the Social Environment on Sedentary Behaviour in Older Adults in Three Prospective Cohorts
Sedentary behaviour is an emerging risk factor for poor health. This study aimed to identify ecological determinants of sedentary behaviour, for which evidence is currently scarce. The study participants were community dwelling adults from, respectively, the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (n = 271, mean age 79) and the 1930s (n = 119, mean age 83) and 1950s (n = 310, mean age 64) cohorts of the West of Scotland Twenty-07 study. The outcome measure, pe…
Reaction Time in Adolescence, Cumulative Allostatic Load, and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Adulthood
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between reaction time in adolescence and subsequent symptoms of anxiety and depression and investigate the mediating role of sociodemographic measures, health behaviors, and allostatic load. METHODS: Participants were 705 members of the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study. Choice reaction time was measured at age 16. At age 36 years, anxiety and depression were assessed with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire…
More symmetrical children have faster and more consistent choice reaction times
Greater cognitive ability in childhood is associated with increased longevity, and speedier reaction time (RT) might account for much of this linkage. Greater bodily symmetry is linked to both higher cognitive test scores and faster RTs. It is possible, then, that differences in bodily system integrity indexed by symmetry may underlie the associations of RT and intelligence with increased longevity. However, RT and symmetry have seldom been exami…
Do Symptoms of Depression Predict Telomere Length? Evidence From the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study
OBJECTIVE: Psychological factors such as the stress of caregiving are emerging as predictors of telomere length, an index of biological aging. However, although lifetime major depressive disorder is associated with shorter telomeres, less is known about depressive symptoms. Depression and depressive symptoms are associated with a range of morbidities and mortality, but the extent to which they predict biological aging is unclear. The present stud…
How robust is the evidence of an emerging or increasing female excess in physical morbidity between childhood and adolescence? Results of a systematic literature review and meta-analyses
What predicts persistent early conduct problems? Evidence from the Growing Up in Scotland cohort
BACKGROUND: There is a strong case for early identification of factors predicting life-course-persistent conduct disorder. The authors aimed to identify factors associated with repeated parental reports of preschool conduct problems. METHOD: Nested case-control study of Scottish children who had behavioural data reported by parents at 3, 4 and 5 years. RESULTS: 79 children had abnormal conduct scores at all three time points ('persistent conduct …
Does somatic illness explain the association between common mental disorder and elevated mortality? Findings from extended follow-up of study members in the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey
BACKGROUND: Common mental disorder (psychological distress) is associated with an increased risk of disease-specific mortality. Given that physical illness is related to both exposure and outcome, it may explain this relation through confounding or mediation. METHODS: The authors used a 20-year follow-up of the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey (6127 men and women) in which common mental disorder was ascertained at baseline using the 30 item General…
Sex differences in reaction time mean and intraindividual variability across the life span
Men are often found to have faster and less variable reaction times (RTs) than do women. However, it has not been established whether these differences occur in children. One suggestion is that sex differences in RT variability may be due to the effect of sex hormones on the brain and, by implication, may be expected in adults but not in children. The present study investigates sex differences in RT mean and intraindividual variability in a sampl…
Blood Pressure Reactions to Acute Mental Stress and Future Blood Pressure Status
OBJECTIVE: To test the reactivity hypothesis using blood pressure data collected 12 years after baseline. This study examined whether blood pressure reactions to acute mental stress predicted future blood pressure resting levels, as well as the temporal drift in resting blood pressure, and whether the prediction was affected by sex, age, and socioeconomic status. METHODS: Resting blood pressure was recorded at an initial baseline and in response …
Can we explain increases in young people's psychological distress over time
Emergence of ethnic differences in blood pressure in adolescence
adiposity, were measured directly. Study participants were traced, mailed a health questionnaire in 1962/1966 (mean age 45.1 years) which included enquiries regarding self-reported height and weight, and were followed for subsequent mortality experience -with . 99% completion -until the end of 1998. BMI was categorised into quartiles in the present analyses. Setting: USA. Participants: 14 638 men enrolled in Harvard University in the given years,…
Body Mass Index, Abdominal Adiposity, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Reactions to Psychological Stress in a Large Community Sample
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between adiposity and the magnitude of cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress cross-sectionally and prospectively in a large community sample. METHODS: Blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured at rest and in response to a brief time-pressured mental arithmetic stress in 1647 adults. At the same session and 5 years later, height, weight, waist and hip circumference were measured and bod…
Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Mortality in the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey
OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of neuroticism and extraversion on all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 21 years after controlling for risk factors. METHODS: Participants were members of the Health and Lifestyle Survey, a British nationwide sample survey of 9003 adults. At baseline (1984 to 1985), individuals completed a sociodemographic and health questionnaire, underwent physical health examination, and completed the Eysenck Personal…
Association Between Mortality and Cognitive Change Over 7 Years in a Large Representative Sample of UK Residents
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between change in reaction time and cognitive performance over 7 years and the risk of death from all causes and some specific causes after controlling for known risk factors. METHODS: The sample comprised members of the Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS) of community-dwelling adults in England, Scotland, and Wales. Baseline testing (HALS1), involving 9003 people, took place in 1985 and 1986. Sociodemographic…
Explanations for female excess psychosomatic symptoms in adolescence
Adjustment for a range of potential psychosocial and behavioural factors largely explains (statistically) excess female depressive mood. These factors also partially explain the female excess in certain psychosomatic symptoms
Cognition and All-Cause Mortality Across the Entire Adult Age Range
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of reaction time and brief measures of memory and spatial ability with all-cause mortality. METHODS: Participants were from the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS), a national sample survey of adults in England, Scotland, and Wales. In 1984/1985, data on lifestyle factors, socioeconomic status, and health were collected for 9,003 people. Cognitive data were collected for 7,414 individuals. All-cause mor…
Peer victimization and depression in early-mid adolescence
Background. Despite considerable evidence for psychological distress among children and young people who experience peer victimization, cross-sectional studies cannot determine the direction of the relationship. Several recent studies have examined associations between victimization and distress. The majority find evidence for both directions but do not arbitrate between them; only one prior study has attempted to do this.Aims. To use longitudina…
The impact of retirement on physical activity
Most adults do not achieve the levels of physical activity currently recommended for a healthy lifestyle. Population surveys suggest that there is a linear decline of activity levels with age, yet physical activity has many health benefits for older adults. If these are to be more widely adopted among older people, health policy and promotion require an understanding of the factors that influence decreasing activity with age. This study examined …
What features of the home and the area might help to explain observed relationships between housing tenure and health? Evidence from the west of Scotland
Gay men's HIV testing behaviour in Scotland
This paper reports on the social and demographic factors associated with HIV testing in gay men in Scotland. Trained sessional research staff administered a short self-complete questionnaire to men in gay bars during January and February 1999 in Glasgow and Edinburgh, Scotland. Questionnaires were completed by 2,498 men (response rate of 77.5%). Half (1,190; 50%) reported ever having been HIV antibody tested, with men in Edinburgh more likely to …
Absolute income and life expectancy
Wilkinson1 and Lynch et al 2 produce widely differing estimates of the relation between absolute income and life expectancy in developed, or more affluent, societies. Both analyse data for 1993. Wilkinson3 focuses on “developed” societies and reports a correlation of 0.08 based on 23 OECD countries. Lynch et al focus on levels of affluence and after adding 10 “equally wealthy” countries report a correlation of 0.51. They also point out that GDP a…
Cardiovascular reactions to psychological stress
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CS-PG) expression is increased in response to CNS injury and limits the capacity for axonal regeneration. Previously we have shown that neurocan is one of the CS-PGs that is upregulated (Asher et al., 2000). Here we show that another member of the aggrecan family, versican, is also upregulated in response to CNS injury. Labeling of frozen sections 7 d after a unilateral knife lesion to the cerebral cortex reveale…
Do housing tenure and car access predict health because they are simply markers of income or self esteem? A Scottish study
OBJECTIVE: To investigate relations between health (using a range of measures) and housing tenure or car access; and to test the hypothesis that observed relations between these asset based measures and health are simply because they are markers for income or self esteem. DESIGN: Analysis of data from second wave of data collection of West of Scotland Twenty-07 study, collected in 1991 by face to face interviews conducted by nurse interviewers. S…
Do housing tenure and car access predict health because they are simply markers of income or self esteem? A Scottish study
OBJECTIVE: To investigate relations between health (using a range of measures) and housing tenure or car access; and to test the hypothesis that observed relations between these asset based measures and health are simply because they are markers for income or self esteem. DESIGN: Analysis of data from second wave of data collection of West of Scotland Twenty-07 study, collected in 1991 by face to face interviews conducted by nurse interviewers. S…
What features of the home and the area might help to explain observed relationships between housing tenure and health? Evidence from the west of Scotland
Can we explain increases in young people's psychological distress over time
Peer victimization and depression in early-mid adolescence
Background. Despite considerable evidence for psychological distress among children and young people who experience peer victimization, cross-sectional studies cannot determine the direction of the relationship. Several recent studies have examined associations between victimization and distress. The majority find evidence for both directions but do not arbitrate between them; only one prior study has attempted to do this.Aims. To use longitudina…
The impact of retirement on physical activity
Most adults do not achieve the levels of physical activity currently recommended for a healthy lifestyle. Population surveys suggest that there is a linear decline of activity levels with age, yet physical activity has many health benefits for older adults. If these are to be more widely adopted among older people, health policy and promotion require an understanding of the factors that influence decreasing activity with age. This study examined …
Sex differences in reaction time mean and intraindividual variability across the life span
Men are often found to have faster and less variable reaction times (RTs) than do women. However, it has not been established whether these differences occur in children. One suggestion is that sex differences in RT variability may be due to the effect of sex hormones on the brain and, by implication, may be expected in adults but not in children. The present study investigates sex differences in RT mean and intraindividual variability in a sampl…
Sitting as a moral practice
Amidst public health campaigns urging people to sit less as well as being more physically active, this paper investigates how older adults make sense of their sedentary behaviour. Using an accounts framework focusing on how people rationalise their sitting practices, we analysed data from 44 qualitative interviews with older adults. All interviewees had received information about sedentary behaviour and health, visual feedback on their own object…
Does somatic illness explain the association between common mental disorder and elevated mortality? Findings from extended follow-up of study members in the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey
BACKGROUND: Common mental disorder (psychological distress) is associated with an increased risk of disease-specific mortality. Given that physical illness is related to both exposure and outcome, it may explain this relation through confounding or mediation. METHODS: The authors used a 20-year follow-up of the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey (6127 men and women) in which common mental disorder was ascertained at baseline using the 30 item General…
Absolute income and life expectancy
Wilkinson1 and Lynch et al 2 produce widely differing estimates of the relation between absolute income and life expectancy in developed, or more affluent, societies. Both analyse data for 1993. Wilkinson3 focuses on “developed” societies and reports a correlation of 0.08 based on 23 OECD countries. Lynch et al focus on levels of affluence and after adding 10 “equally wealthy” countries report a correlation of 0.51. They also point out that GDP a…
Cardiovascular reactions to psychological stress
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CS-PG) expression is increased in response to CNS injury and limits the capacity for axonal regeneration. Previously we have shown that neurocan is one of the CS-PGs that is upregulated (Asher et al., 2000). Here we show that another member of the aggrecan family, versican, is also upregulated in response to CNS injury. Labeling of frozen sections 7 d after a unilateral knife lesion to the cerebral cortex reveale…
Do housing tenure and car access predict health because they are simply markers of income or self esteem? A Scottish study
OBJECTIVE: To investigate relations between health (using a range of measures) and housing tenure or car access; and to test the hypothesis that observed relations between these asset based measures and health are simply because they are markers for income or self esteem. DESIGN: Analysis of data from second wave of data collection of West of Scotland Twenty-07 study, collected in 1991 by face to face interviews conducted by nurse interviewers. S…
Cardiovascular reactions to psychological stress
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CS-PG) expression is increased in response to CNS injury and limits the capacity for axonal regeneration. Previously we have shown that neurocan is one of the CS-PGs that is upregulated (Asher et al., 2000). Here we show that another member of the aggrecan family, versican, is also upregulated in response to CNS injury. Labeling of frozen sections 7 d after a unilateral knife lesion to the cerebral cortex reveale…
Absolute income and life expectancy
Wilkinson1 and Lynch et al 2 produce widely differing estimates of the relation between absolute income and life expectancy in developed, or more affluent, societies. Both analyse data for 1993. Wilkinson3 focuses on “developed” societies and reports a correlation of 0.08 based on 23 OECD countries. Lynch et al focus on levels of affluence and after adding 10 “equally wealthy” countries report a correlation of 0.51. They also point out that GDP a…
Gay men's HIV testing behaviour in Scotland
This paper reports on the social and demographic factors associated with HIV testing in gay men in Scotland. Trained sessional research staff administered a short self-complete questionnaire to men in gay bars during January and February 1999 in Glasgow and Edinburgh, Scotland. Questionnaires were completed by 2,498 men (response rate of 77.5%). Half (1,190; 50%) reported ever having been HIV antibody tested, with men in Edinburgh more likely to …
What features of the home and the area might help to explain observed relationships between housing tenure and health? Evidence from the west of Scotland
The impact of retirement on physical activity
Most adults do not achieve the levels of physical activity currently recommended for a healthy lifestyle. Population surveys suggest that there is a linear decline of activity levels with age, yet physical activity has many health benefits for older adults. If these are to be more widely adopted among older people, health policy and promotion require an understanding of the factors that influence decreasing activity with age. This study examined …
Cognition and All-Cause Mortality Across the Entire Adult Age Range
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of reaction time and brief measures of memory and spatial ability with all-cause mortality. METHODS: Participants were from the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS), a national sample survey of adults in England, Scotland, and Wales. In 1984/1985, data on lifestyle factors, socioeconomic status, and health were collected for 9,003 people. Cognitive data were collected for 7,414 individuals. All-cause mor…
Peer victimization and depression in early-mid adolescence
Background. Despite considerable evidence for psychological distress among children and young people who experience peer victimization, cross-sectional studies cannot determine the direction of the relationship. Several recent studies have examined associations between victimization and distress. The majority find evidence for both directions but do not arbitrate between them; only one prior study has attempted to do this.Aims. To use longitudina…
Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Mortality in the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey
OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of neuroticism and extraversion on all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 21 years after controlling for risk factors. METHODS: Participants were members of the Health and Lifestyle Survey, a British nationwide sample survey of 9003 adults. At baseline (1984 to 1985), individuals completed a sociodemographic and health questionnaire, underwent physical health examination, and completed the Eysenck Personal…
Association Between Mortality and Cognitive Change Over 7 Years in a Large Representative Sample of UK Residents
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between change in reaction time and cognitive performance over 7 years and the risk of death from all causes and some specific causes after controlling for known risk factors. METHODS: The sample comprised members of the Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS) of community-dwelling adults in England, Scotland, and Wales. Baseline testing (HALS1), involving 9003 people, took place in 1985 and 1986. Sociodemographic…
Explanations for female excess psychosomatic symptoms in adolescence
Adjustment for a range of potential psychosocial and behavioural factors largely explains (statistically) excess female depressive mood. These factors also partially explain the female excess in certain psychosomatic symptoms
Body Mass Index, Abdominal Adiposity, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Reactions to Psychological Stress in a Large Community Sample
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between adiposity and the magnitude of cardiovascular reactions to acute psychological stress cross-sectionally and prospectively in a large community sample. METHODS: Blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured at rest and in response to a brief time-pressured mental arithmetic stress in 1647 adults. At the same session and 5 years later, height, weight, waist and hip circumference were measured and bod…
Emergence of ethnic differences in blood pressure in adolescence
adiposity, were measured directly. Study participants were traced, mailed a health questionnaire in 1962/1966 (mean age 45.1 years) which included enquiries regarding self-reported height and weight, and were followed for subsequent mortality experience -with . 99% completion -until the end of 1998. BMI was categorised into quartiles in the present analyses. Setting: USA. Participants: 14 638 men enrolled in Harvard University in the given years,…
Can we explain increases in young people's psychological distress over time
Blood Pressure Reactions to Acute Mental Stress and Future Blood Pressure Status
OBJECTIVE: To test the reactivity hypothesis using blood pressure data collected 12 years after baseline. This study examined whether blood pressure reactions to acute mental stress predicted future blood pressure resting levels, as well as the temporal drift in resting blood pressure, and whether the prediction was affected by sex, age, and socioeconomic status. METHODS: Resting blood pressure was recorded at an initial baseline and in response …
Does somatic illness explain the association between common mental disorder and elevated mortality? Findings from extended follow-up of study members in the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey
BACKGROUND: Common mental disorder (psychological distress) is associated with an increased risk of disease-specific mortality. Given that physical illness is related to both exposure and outcome, it may explain this relation through confounding or mediation. METHODS: The authors used a 20-year follow-up of the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey (6127 men and women) in which common mental disorder was ascertained at baseline using the 30 item General…
Sex differences in reaction time mean and intraindividual variability across the life span
Men are often found to have faster and less variable reaction times (RTs) than do women. However, it has not been established whether these differences occur in children. One suggestion is that sex differences in RT variability may be due to the effect of sex hormones on the brain and, by implication, may be expected in adults but not in children. The present study investigates sex differences in RT mean and intraindividual variability in a sampl…
Do Symptoms of Depression Predict Telomere Length? Evidence From the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study
OBJECTIVE: Psychological factors such as the stress of caregiving are emerging as predictors of telomere length, an index of biological aging. However, although lifetime major depressive disorder is associated with shorter telomeres, less is known about depressive symptoms. Depression and depressive symptoms are associated with a range of morbidities and mortality, but the extent to which they predict biological aging is unclear. The present stud…
How robust is the evidence of an emerging or increasing female excess in physical morbidity between childhood and adolescence? Results of a systematic literature review and meta-analyses
What predicts persistent early conduct problems? Evidence from the Growing Up in Scotland cohort
BACKGROUND: There is a strong case for early identification of factors predicting life-course-persistent conduct disorder. The authors aimed to identify factors associated with repeated parental reports of preschool conduct problems. METHOD: Nested case-control study of Scottish children who had behavioural data reported by parents at 3, 4 and 5 years. RESULTS: 79 children had abnormal conduct scores at all three time points ('persistent conduct …
Reaction Time in Adolescence, Cumulative Allostatic Load, and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Adulthood
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between reaction time in adolescence and subsequent symptoms of anxiety and depression and investigate the mediating role of sociodemographic measures, health behaviors, and allostatic load. METHODS: Participants were 705 members of the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study. Choice reaction time was measured at age 16. At age 36 years, anxiety and depression were assessed with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire…
More symmetrical children have faster and more consistent choice reaction times
Greater cognitive ability in childhood is associated with increased longevity, and speedier reaction time (RT) might account for much of this linkage. Greater bodily symmetry is linked to both higher cognitive test scores and faster RTs. It is possible, then, that differences in bodily system integrity indexed by symmetry may underlie the associations of RT and intelligence with increased longevity. However, RT and symmetry have seldom been exami…
The Influence of Neighbourhoods and the Social Environment on Sedentary Behaviour in Older Adults in Three Prospective Cohorts
Sedentary behaviour is an emerging risk factor for poor health. This study aimed to identify ecological determinants of sedentary behaviour, for which evidence is currently scarce. The study participants were community dwelling adults from, respectively, the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (n = 271, mean age 79) and the 1930s (n = 119, mean age 83) and 1950s (n = 310, mean age 64) cohorts of the West of Scotland Twenty-07 study. The outcome measure, pe…
Sitting as a moral practice
Amidst public health campaigns urging people to sit less as well as being more physically active, this paper investigates how older adults make sense of their sedentary behaviour. Using an accounts framework focusing on how people rationalise their sitting practices, we analysed data from 44 qualitative interviews with older adults. All interviewees had received information about sedentary behaviour and health, visual feedback on their own object…
Medicine (23 obras) · Demography (16 obras) · Gerontology (15 obras) · Psychology (13 obras) · Gerontology (11 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (9 obras) · Internal Medicine (9 obras) · Psychiatry (9 obras) · Internal Medicine (8 obras) · Cohort study (6 obras)