Mohammadreza Hojat
Biographic Data
| ID | 333457 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mohammadreza Hojat |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mohammadreza |
| FAMILY NAME | Hojat |
| SIGNATURE | HOJAT M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Jefferson Medical College |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8841-3269 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 25 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 33 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Preparing for the MD: How Long, at What Cost, and With What Outcomes
PURPOSE: To assess educational and professional outcomes of an accelerated combined bachelor of science-doctor of medicine (BS-MD) program using data collected from 1968 through 2018. METHOD: Participants of this longitudinal study included 2,235 students who entered medical school between 1968 and 2014: 1,134 in the accelerated program and 1,101 in the regular curriculum (control group)-matched by year of entrance to medical school, gender, and …
Does Empathy Decline in the Clinical Phase of Medical Education? A Nationwide, Multi-Institutional, Cross-Sectional Study of Students at DO-Granting Medical Schools
PURPOSE: To examine differences in students' empathy in different years of medical school in a nationwide study of students of U.S. DO-granting medical schools. METHOD: Participants in this cross-sectional study included 10,751 students enrolled in 41 of 48 campuses of DO-granting medical schools in the United States (3,616 first-year, 2,764 second-year, 2,413 third-year, and 1,958 fourth-year students). They completed a web-based survey at the e…
Empathy as related to gender, age, race and ethnicity, academic background and career interest: A nationwide study of osteopathic medical students in the United States
Iranian College Students’ Attitudes Toward Premarital Sex, Marriage, and Family Before and After the Islamic Revolution
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine Iranian college students’ attitudes toward premarital sex and marriage before and after the Islamic Revolution. Methods: Responses to a survey from 526 students at University of Shiraz in 2011 were compared to those from another study of 392 students from the same university who completed the same survey in 1977 (2 years before the Islamic Revolution). Results: No substantial changes were obser…
Physiciansʼ Empathy and Clinical Outcomes for Diabetic Patients
PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that physicians' empathy is associated with positive clinical outcomes for diabetic patients. METHOD: A correlational study design was used in a university-affiliated outpatient setting. Participants were 891 diabetic patients, treated between July 2006 and June 2009, by 29 family physicians. Results of the most recent hemoglobin A1c and LDL-C tests were extracted from the patients' electronic records. The results …
The Devil is in the Third Year: A Longitudinal Study of Erosion of Empathy in Medical School
PURPOSE: This longitudinal study was designed to examine changes in medical students' empathy during medical school and to determine when the most significant changes occur. METHOD: Four hundred fifty-six students who entered Jefferson Medical College in 2002 (n = 227) and 2004 (n = 229) completed the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy at five different times: at entry into medical school on orientation day and subsequently at the end of each a…
A Desire to Return to the Country of Birth as a Function of Language Preference: An Empirical Study with Iranian Immigrants in the United States
It was hypothesized that bilingual Iranian immigrants in the United States who prefer to use the Persian language, compared to Iranians who prefer to use English, would be more likely to express a desire to return to Iran to live. Participants were 292 bilingual Iranian immigrants in the United States (128 men, 164 women) who completed a questionnaire with a similar content, prepared in Persian on one side and in English on the other side. Partic…
Physician Empathy: Definition, Components, Measurement, and Relationship to Gender and Specialty
OBJECTIVE: There is a dearth of empirical research on physician empathy despite its mediating role in patient-physician relationships and clinical outcomes. This study was designed to investigate the components of physician empathy, its measurement properties, and group differences in empathy scores. METHOD: A revised version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (with 20 Likert-type items) was mailed to 1,007 physicians affiliated with the…
The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy: Development and Preliminary Psychometric Data
The present study was designed to develop a brief instrument to measure empathy in health care providers in patient care situations. Three groups participated in the study: Group 1 consisted of 55 physicians, Group 2 was 41 internal medicine residents, and Group 3 was composed of 193 third-year medical students. A 90-item preliminary version of the Empathy scale was developed based on a review of the literature and distributed to Group 1 for feed…
Gender comparisons of income expectations in the USA at the beginning of medical school during the past 28 years
Gender Differences in Traditional Attitudes Toward Marriage and the Family: An Empirical Study of Iranian Immigrants in the United States
This study compares Iranian male and female immigrants in the United States on their attitudes toward marriage and the family. Participants were 160 Iranians in the United States. A 10-item attitude scale measured the degree of traditional attitudes (a stand taken in the prevalent Iranian culture as opposed to that in the mainstream American society) toward premarital sex, marriage, and the family. Results showed Iranian men scored significantly …
Medical Students' Personal Values and Their Career Choices a Quarter-Century Later
A longitudinal study of 391 physicians tested two hypotheses regarding personal values and career choices: that higher preference for social values would be associated with physicians' being more interested in "people-oriented" rather than "technology-oriented" specialties and that higher preference for economic values would be associated with expectations of high income. The physicians (344 men, 47 women) were graduates of Jefferson Medical Coll…
Personality Profiles of Male and Female Positive Role Models in Medicine
This study was designed to investigate the personality profile of positive role models in medicine. Participants were a national sample of 188 physicians (164 men, 24 women) who had been nominated by the chief executive officers of their institutions as positive role models and who completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Compared to the general population, these 188 male and female positive role models in medicine scored higher on Consci…
Medical Students' Personal Values and Their Career Choices a Quarter-Century Later
The U.N. convention on the rights of the child: Lost in the clash of adverse opinions
The U. N. convention on the rights of the child: Lost in the clash of adverse opinions
The World Declaration of the Rights of the Child: Anticipated Challenges
The United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child which was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly is described as a memorable chapter in the history of human civilization. This landmark document has neither been ratified by the United States nor publicized by child health professionals and media. A few of the Convention's guidelines related to early parent-child relations are briefly cited and the role of parents, particularl…
Science, Verbal, or Quantitative Skills: Which is the Most Important Predictor of Physician Competence
The relative importance of medical school applicants' science problem solving, reading, and quantitative skills as measured by the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) was studied in predicting competence measured by the three parts of the National Board Examinations (NBE). Subjects were 1628 physicians graduated from Jefferson Medical College between 1978 and 1985. The results of bivariate and multiple correlations indicated that scores on the …
Loneliness: Theory, Research and Applications
Foreword - Letitia Anne Peplau Preface - Mohammadreza Hojat and Rick Crandall PART ONE: THE PRESENT STATE OF LONELINESS THEORY AND RESEARCH Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research - Robert S Weiss Further Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research - Daniel Perlman Research and Theory on Loneliness - Warren H Jones A Response to Weiss's Reflections Models and Methods in Loneliness Research - Raymond F Paloutzian and Ar…
Effects of Academic and Psychosocial Predictors of Performance in Medical School on Coefficients of Determination
This study was designed to answer the following questions: (1) Does a set of selected noncognitive variables predict medical school performance measures? (2) Is there a significant increase in the coefficients of determination when noncognitive measures are added to the conventional cognitive predictors in regression models? Complete data on all measures were available for 88 sophomore medical students. Cognitive (academic) predictors were underg…
Components of Clinical Competence Ratings of Physicians: An Empirical Approach
This study investigated the underlying structure of ratings of clinical competence. The study sample was comprised of 609 physicians graduating from Jefferson Medical College between 1980 and 1983. The rating instrument consisted of 33 statements on clinical behavior in Likert-type format filled out by directors of medical education programs at postgraduate training institutions. The data were subjected to factor analysis. Three factors emerged i…
Psychometric Properties of a Persian Version of the Short Form of the Beck Depression Inventory for Iranian College Students
The psychometric properties of the short form of the Beck Depression Inventory were studied in two Iranian groups. The inventory was translated into Persian and 12 Iranian bilingual judges confirmed the soundness of the translation. The sample comprised two groups of Iranian college students, and data were analyzed separately for each group. Group I consisted of 232 Iranian students (156 men, 76 women) who were studying in American universities, …
Dimensionality of the Short Form of the Beck Depression Inventory: A Study with Iranian College Students
The abridged form of the Beck Depression Inventory was administered to 537 Iranian college students in the United States and in Iran. The results of factor analysis for students in Iranian colleges were similar to those in the United States. The rotated factor pattern of the combined data indicated two dimensions (negative self-view and physical withdrawal) embedded in the inventory that were similar to those reported by the author of the scale
Sexual and Premarital Attitudes of Iranian College Students
To study the similarities as well as differences in the sexual and premarital attitudes of the younger Iranian men and women and Western students, a Persian revision of the attitude inventory used by Schofield was given to a sample of Iranian college students (199 men and 193 women) prior to the onset of Islamic revolution in this country. Present findings confirm, as expected, similarities on some dimensions as well as differences on others betw…
Psychometric Characteristics of a Persian Version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
A Persian version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was filled out by 232 Iranian students (156 men, 76 women) who were studying in American universities (Group I), and 305 (168 men, 137 women) Iranian students who were studying in Iranian universities (Group II). Data were analyzed for each group independently. Descriptive data and other correlational findings were similar in both groups. Significant correlations were found between scores…
Gender Differences in Traditional Attitudes Toward Marriage and the Family: An Empirical Study of Iranian Immigrants in the United States
This study compares Iranian male and female immigrants in the United States on their attitudes toward marriage and the family. Participants were 160 Iranians in the United States. A 10-item attitude scale measured the degree of traditional attitudes (a stand taken in the prevalent Iranian culture as opposed to that in the mainstream American society) toward premarital sex, marriage, and the family. Results showed Iranian men scored significantly …
Gender comparisons of income expectations in the USA at the beginning of medical school during the past 28 years
A Desire to Return to the Country of Birth as a Function of Language Preference: An Empirical Study with Iranian Immigrants in the United States
It was hypothesized that bilingual Iranian immigrants in the United States who prefer to use the Persian language, compared to Iranians who prefer to use English, would be more likely to express a desire to return to Iran to live. Participants were 292 bilingual Iranian immigrants in the United States (128 men, 164 women) who completed a questionnaire with a similar content, prepared in Persian on one side and in English on the other side. Partic…
Loneliness: Theory, Research and Applications
Foreword - Letitia Anne Peplau Preface - Mohammadreza Hojat and Rick Crandall PART ONE: THE PRESENT STATE OF LONELINESS THEORY AND RESEARCH Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research - Robert S Weiss Further Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research - Daniel Perlman Research and Theory on Loneliness - Warren H Jones A Response to Weiss's Reflections Models and Methods in Loneliness Research - Raymond F Paloutzian and Ar…
Comparison of transitory and chronic loners on selected personality variables
This study is concerned with an investigation of personality differences between transitory and chronic loners. Two groups of subjects were studied: Group I consisted of 232 Iranian students studying in American universities; and Group II comprised 305 Iranian students studying in Iranian universities. Based on responses to a question concerning duration of experiencing loneliness, 83 subjects in Group I and 114 in Group II were identified as tra…
Iranian Subjects' Responses as Ideal Person on the Eysenck Personality Inventory
54 Iranian subjects (28 males, 26 females) were assigned randomly with the restriction of equal representation by sex into two groups. Instructions to fake an ideal person's responses were given to one group (n — 27) and standard instructions to the control group ( n = 27) for a Persian translation of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. The former scored significantly lower on Neuroticism and higher on the Lie scale than did the controls. There we…
Multiculture-Multiresponse Matrices of Correlations as a Measure of Construct Validity of a Premarital and Sexual Attitude Inventory Given to Iranian and British Subjects
Based on the assumption that for a valid culture-bound instrument, one can expect that groups from similar culture will show greater similarities in the patterns of their responses to the instrument than groups of different culture, a method was proposed to judge the construct validity of the instrument. To apply the method on actual data, a 50-item attitude inventory toward sex and marriage was given to 392 Iranian college students (199 males, 1…
Psychometric Characteristics of the Ucla Loneliness Scale: A Study with Iranian College Students
The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale in Iranian groups. The data for two groups of Iranian college students were analyzed. Group I consisted of 232 Iranian students (156 males, 76 females) who were studying in American universities. Group II comprised 305 Iranian students (168 males, 137 females) who were studying in Iranian universities. The obtained correlations betwe…
Long-Range Predictive and Differential Validities of the Scholastic Aptitude Test in Medical School
With regard to the recent controversy about the predictive validity of the College Board Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), the present study was designed to investigate the long-range predictive and differential validities of this measure. Data for 1284 students who entered the Jefferson Medical College from 1965 through 1974 were analyzed by dividing them into four quarter groups from high to low based upon their scores on the Verbal and Mathemati…
Levels of Recommendation for Students and Academic Performance in Medical School
Letters of recommendation from educational institutions have traditionally been considered a major criterion in admission decisions. However, very little attention has been directed to the study of the relationship between the content of letters of recommendation and measures of academic performance in professional schools. To investigate this relationship, letters of recommendation of 236 students who attended Jefferson Medical College from 5 un…
Comparison of transitory and chronic loners on selected personality variables
This study is concerned with an investigation of personality differences between transitory and chronic loners. Two groups of subjects were studied: Group I consisted of 232 Iranian students studying in American universities; and Group II comprised 305 Iranian students studying in Iranian universities. Based on responses to a question concerning duration of experiencing loneliness, 83 subjects in Group I and 114 in Group II were identified as tra…
Subtest Scores of a Comprehensive Examination of Medical Knowledge as a Function of Retention Interval
It was hypothesized that performance on particular subtests of a comprehensive examination of medical knowledge would be a function of the length of time between completion of the respective medical training and the administration of the comprehensive examination. Two samples of graduates of the Jefferson Medical College including 1086 students who graduated between 1975 and 1979, and 877 who graduated in 1980 through 1983 were studied. Each stud…
Sexual and Premarital Attitudes of Iranian College Students
To study the similarities as well as differences in the sexual and premarital attitudes of the younger Iranian men and women and Western students, a Persian revision of the attitude inventory used by Schofield was given to a sample of Iranian college students (199 men and 193 women) prior to the onset of Islamic revolution in this country. Present findings confirm, as expected, similarities on some dimensions as well as differences on others betw…
Psychometric Characteristics of a Persian Version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
A Persian version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was filled out by 232 Iranian students (156 men, 76 women) who were studying in American universities (Group I), and 305 (168 men, 137 women) Iranian students who were studying in Iranian universities (Group II). Data were analyzed for each group independently. Descriptive data and other correlational findings were similar in both groups. Significant correlations were found between scores…
Developing an Instrument to Measure Attitudes toward Nurses: Preliminary Psychometric Findings
Although many doctors and nurses presumably develop good working relationships, substantial problems are frequently reported. There is a large body of reports on physicians' attitudes toward and perceptions of nurses, but no systematic attempt has been made to develop a psychometrically sound instrument to measure attitudes towards nurses. This study reports steps in developing such an instrument and its psychometric characteristics. Based on a r…
Components of Clinical Competence Ratings of Physicians: An Empirical Approach
This study investigated the underlying structure of ratings of clinical competence. The study sample was comprised of 609 physicians graduating from Jefferson Medical College between 1980 and 1983. The rating instrument consisted of 33 statements on clinical behavior in Likert-type format filled out by directors of medical education programs at postgraduate training institutions. The data were subjected to factor analysis. Three factors emerged i…
Psychometric Properties of a Persian Version of the Short Form of the Beck Depression Inventory for Iranian College Students
The psychometric properties of the short form of the Beck Depression Inventory were studied in two Iranian groups. The inventory was translated into Persian and 12 Iranian bilingual judges confirmed the soundness of the translation. The sample comprised two groups of Iranian college students, and data were analyzed separately for each group. Group I consisted of 232 Iranian students (156 men, 76 women) who were studying in American universities, …
Dimensionality of the Short Form of the Beck Depression Inventory: A Study with Iranian College Students
The abridged form of the Beck Depression Inventory was administered to 537 Iranian college students in the United States and in Iran. The results of factor analysis for students in Iranian colleges were similar to those in the United States. The rotated factor pattern of the combined data indicated two dimensions (negative self-view and physical withdrawal) embedded in the inventory that were similar to those reported by the author of the scale
Effects of Academic and Psychosocial Predictors of Performance in Medical School on Coefficients of Determination
This study was designed to answer the following questions: (1) Does a set of selected noncognitive variables predict medical school performance measures? (2) Is there a significant increase in the coefficients of determination when noncognitive measures are added to the conventional cognitive predictors in regression models? Complete data on all measures were available for 88 sophomore medical students. Cognitive (academic) predictors were underg…
Loneliness: Theory, Research and Applications
Foreword - Letitia Anne Peplau Preface - Mohammadreza Hojat and Rick Crandall PART ONE: THE PRESENT STATE OF LONELINESS THEORY AND RESEARCH Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research - Robert S Weiss Further Reflections on the Present State of Loneliness Research - Daniel Perlman Research and Theory on Loneliness - Warren H Jones A Response to Weiss's Reflections Models and Methods in Loneliness Research - Raymond F Paloutzian and Ar…
Science, Verbal, or Quantitative Skills: Which is the Most Important Predictor of Physician Competence
The relative importance of medical school applicants' science problem solving, reading, and quantitative skills as measured by the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) was studied in predicting competence measured by the three parts of the National Board Examinations (NBE). Subjects were 1628 physicians graduated from Jefferson Medical College between 1978 and 1985. The results of bivariate and multiple correlations indicated that scores on the …
The World Declaration of the Rights of the Child: Anticipated Challenges
The United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child which was unanimously adopted by the UN General Assembly is described as a memorable chapter in the history of human civilization. This landmark document has neither been ratified by the United States nor publicized by child health professionals and media. A few of the Convention's guidelines related to early parent-child relations are briefly cited and the role of parents, particularl…
The U.N. convention on the rights of the child: Lost in the clash of adverse opinions
The U. N. convention on the rights of the child: Lost in the clash of adverse opinions
Medical Students' Personal Values and Their Career Choices a Quarter-Century Later
A longitudinal study of 391 physicians tested two hypotheses regarding personal values and career choices: that higher preference for social values would be associated with physicians' being more interested in "people-oriented" rather than "technology-oriented" specialties and that higher preference for economic values would be associated with expectations of high income. The physicians (344 men, 47 women) were graduates of Jefferson Medical Coll…
Personality Profiles of Male and Female Positive Role Models in Medicine
This study was designed to investigate the personality profile of positive role models in medicine. Participants were a national sample of 188 physicians (164 men, 24 women) who had been nominated by the chief executive officers of their institutions as positive role models and who completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Compared to the general population, these 188 male and female positive role models in medicine scored higher on Consci…
Medical Students' Personal Values and Their Career Choices a Quarter-Century Later
Gender comparisons of income expectations in the USA at the beginning of medical school during the past 28 years
Gender Differences in Traditional Attitudes Toward Marriage and the Family: An Empirical Study of Iranian Immigrants in the United States
This study compares Iranian male and female immigrants in the United States on their attitudes toward marriage and the family. Participants were 160 Iranians in the United States. A 10-item attitude scale measured the degree of traditional attitudes (a stand taken in the prevalent Iranian culture as opposed to that in the mainstream American society) toward premarital sex, marriage, and the family. Results showed Iranian men scored significantly …
The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy: Development and Preliminary Psychometric Data
The present study was designed to develop a brief instrument to measure empathy in health care providers in patient care situations. Three groups participated in the study: Group 1 consisted of 55 physicians, Group 2 was 41 internal medicine residents, and Group 3 was composed of 193 third-year medical students. A 90-item preliminary version of the Empathy scale was developed based on a review of the literature and distributed to Group 1 for feed…
Psychology (33 works) · Social Psychology (22 works) · Clinical Psychology (17 works) · Social Psychology (15 works) · Medicine (14 works) · Developmental psychology (11 works) · Innovations in Medical Education (11 works) · Medical education (11 works) · Medical Education and Admissions (10 works) · Psychiatry (9 works)