M Schnitzer
Biographic Data
| ID | 33354 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M Schnitzer |
| GIVEN NAMES | M |
| FAMILY NAME | Schnitzer |
| SIGNATURE | SCHNITZER M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universität Innsbruck |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4551-2056 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 11 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Outsourcing the Games – measuring resident support for hosting an outsourced Olympic event
This study examines resident support for outsourcing competitions within the Olympic Winter Games (OWG), focusing on the sliding events of the 2026 Milan-Cortina OWG. Utilising survey data (n = 585) from Innsbruck-Igls, Austria, the analysis investigates the impact of co-hosting on local perceptions. Our results reveal substantial support for outsourcing, influenced by perceived benefits of European cooperation, resource pooling and trust in deci…
Necessity is the Mother of Innovation—Crisis as a Catalyst for Line Extension in Sports Events
This paper examines the case of the Salzkammergut Trophy, a major mountain bike event in the Alps. During the Covid‐19 pandemic, the organizers introduced a hybrid event format, allowing participants to start individually over an extended period of time. Through a survey of event participants ( n = 1094) and semi‐structured interviews with event stakeholders ( n = 17), this paper assesses participant perception (RQ1), stakeholder evaluations (RQ2…
An 8-week physical exercise intervention for e'athletes improves physical performance rather than short-term esports performance parameters - a randomized controlled trial
Introduction Esports have been suggested to enhance hand-eye coordination, fine motor skills, and reaction times. While physical exercise is known to improve these abilities, its impact on short-term esports performance is under-researched. This study aims to evaluate the effects of specific and general physical training on gaming performance, hypothesizing improvements in both physical and gaming-related variables. Methods Baseline and follow-up…
Perception of legitimacy and corporate social responsibility of winter sports tourism leisure providers
What makes women volunteer and lead? The role of perceived institutional, club-level, and individual factors
The role of sports events in developing tourism destinations: A systematized review and future research agenda
The link between sports and tourism has been widely researched. In this context, many studies have focused on sports event (SEs), finding that SEs provide a multitude of opportunities but also face many challenges at a local level. Despite the academic interest in the sports event tourism field, there is still little synthesis and no overview of research directions. Therefore, we proposed answering three research questions (RQs): What do we know …
Physical Activity Behavior During and After Covid-19 Stay-at-Home Orders—A Longitudinal Study in the Austrian, German, and Italian Alps
Background: In Alpine regions, which are very similar due to their topographical location and their wide-ranging sports offerings, the restrictions on sports activities during the COVID-19 pandemic differed in type and level: while in some regions (Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino), all sports activities were forbidden except for walking near the home, in other regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg), people were allowed to go hiking and running during t…
Self-Presentation and Social Media Usage: A Case Study of Professional Alpine Skiing Athletes During the Winter Olympic Games and World Cup
Social media sites are rich communication and marketing tools used by athletes to promote their “brand” and interact with fans. Indeed, the proliferation of social media has led to athletes promoting themselves across multiple platforms. This study examined how the world’s top 10 professional alpine skiing athletes used social media to present themselves and engage with fans during the 2017–18 World Cup and 2018 Winter Olympic Games. The data for…
Influence of Event and Place Image on Residents’ Attitudes Toward and Support for Events
Analyzing residents’ support for events has become popular in sports tourism research. Based on the social exchange theory and the theory of reasoned action, this study tests a model of support for the 2018 UCI Road World Championships (N = 2,265). The findings show that the perceived image fit between an event and a place significantly influences residents’ overall attitude and event support. Furthermore, overall attitude mediates the relationsh…
Product diversification and isomorphism: The case of ski resorts and “me-too” innovation
Many ski-lift operators are trying to diversify their business by opening summer parks and in so doing, to reposition their resorts as year-round destinations. Almost half of ski-lift operators in Tyrol introduced such parks in the period from 2000 to 2018. The purpose of this study is to assess competitive determinants of following suit by copying these summer park introduced by competitors. Estimates using a Cox survival model show that the lik…
Overtourism and support for sports mega events
Analyzing Project Management Methods in Organizing Sports Events
The purpose of this study was to investigate the use and importance of project management (PM) methods in organizing sports events (SEs). Furthermore, the study analyzed differences in usage and importance of PM methods in relation to the type of SE. Finally, reasons for and obstacles to the implementation of PM methods in organizing SEs were identified. To assess the research questions, a quantitative survey ( n = 78) and a focus group discussio…
Does Physical Activity during Alpine Vacations Increase Tourists’ Well-Being
Physical activities have been proven to have an impact on general well-being in everyday life; however, literature lacks an analysis of the effects of physical activities in vacation settings. Thus, the study aimed at assessing the impacts of physical activity on well-being during vacation by taking a longitudinal approach. We utilized a pre-post within-subject design ( n = 101) by testing vacationers prior to, during, and after their vacation in…
Approach and Avoidance Motivations Predict Psychological Well-Being and Affectivity of Volunteers at the Innsbruck 2008 Winter Special Olympics
The present study aimed to explore underlying motivational factors of volunteerism at a special sporting event for persons with intellectual disabilities. The volunteer survey ( n = 252) assessed sociodemographic characteristics, motives, satisfaction with life, psychological well-being, and affectivity of mainly intrinsically motivated volunteers versus traineeship attendees, doing a compulsory traineeship on occasion of the Innsbruck 2008 Winte…
Perception of the Culture and Education Programme of the Youth Olympic Games by the Participating Athletes: A Case Study for Innsbruck 2012
The Youth Olympic Games (YOG) were introduced and officially inaugurated in Singapore in 2010, constituting the first new Olympic event to be staged since the 1924 Winter Olympic Games. The structure of the YOG is based on the model of the European Youth Olympic Festival, which was introduced three decades ago. Being a new international sports event targeting young athletes, a major innovation of the YOG is its unique Culture and Education Progra…
Income Distribution: A Comparative Study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom and Japan
Income Distribution. A Comparative Study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan
Journal Article Income Distribution. A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan, Distribution of Income: East and West Get access Income Distribution. A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan. By M. SCHNITZER. (New York: Praeger, 1975. Pp. xiv + 234. £7.25.)Distribution of Income: East and West. By P. WILES. (Amsterd…
East and West Germany: A Comparative Economic Analysis
Journal Article East and West Germany: A Comparative Economic Analysis Get access East and West Germany: A Comparative Economic Analysis. By Martin Schnitzer. (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1973. Pp. xxiii + 446. £9.50.) Wolfgang F. Stolper Wolfgang F. Stolper Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 83, Issue 332, 1 December 1973, Pages 1330–1332, https://doi.org/10.2307/2230882 Publis…
Regional Unemployment and the Relocation of Workers: The Experience of Western Europe, Canada, and the United States
Economists in the Soviet Union
The author, Professor of Economics at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and consultant to the Joint Economic Committee of Congress, contends that despite the favorable social and economic position of Russian economists, the best students do not choose to enter the field of economics, and the training which Russian economists receive is inferior to that of their American counterparts because of the stress placed upon political indoctrination
Product diversification and isomorphism: The case of ski resorts and “me-too” innovation
Many ski-lift operators are trying to diversify their business by opening summer parks and in so doing, to reposition their resorts as year-round destinations. Almost half of ski-lift operators in Tyrol introduced such parks in the period from 2000 to 2018. The purpose of this study is to assess competitive determinants of following suit by copying these summer park introduced by competitors. Estimates using a Cox survival model show that the lik…
Overtourism and support for sports mega events
Approach and Avoidance Motivations Predict Psychological Well-Being and Affectivity of Volunteers at the Innsbruck 2008 Winter Special Olympics
The present study aimed to explore underlying motivational factors of volunteerism at a special sporting event for persons with intellectual disabilities. The volunteer survey ( n = 252) assessed sociodemographic characteristics, motives, satisfaction with life, psychological well-being, and affectivity of mainly intrinsically motivated volunteers versus traineeship attendees, doing a compulsory traineeship on occasion of the Innsbruck 2008 Winte…
Income Distribution. A Comparative Study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan
Journal Article Income Distribution. A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan, Distribution of Income: East and West Get access Income Distribution. A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan. By M. SCHNITZER. (New York: Praeger, 1975. Pp. xiv + 234. £7.25.)Distribution of Income: East and West. By P. WILES. (Amsterd…
Perception of the Culture and Education Programme of the Youth Olympic Games by the Participating Athletes: A Case Study for Innsbruck 2012
The Youth Olympic Games (YOG) were introduced and officially inaugurated in Singapore in 2010, constituting the first new Olympic event to be staged since the 1924 Winter Olympic Games. The structure of the YOG is based on the model of the European Youth Olympic Festival, which was introduced three decades ago. Being a new international sports event targeting young athletes, a major innovation of the YOG is its unique Culture and Education Progra…
Economists in the Soviet Union
The author, Professor of Economics at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and consultant to the Joint Economic Committee of Congress, contends that despite the favorable social and economic position of Russian economists, the best students do not choose to enter the field of economics, and the training which Russian economists receive is inferior to that of their American counterparts because of the stress placed upon political indoctrination
Regional Unemployment and the Relocation of Workers: The Experience of Western Europe, Canada, and the United States
East and West Germany: A Comparative Economic Analysis
Journal Article East and West Germany: A Comparative Economic Analysis Get access East and West Germany: A Comparative Economic Analysis. By Martin Schnitzer. (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1973. Pp. xxiii + 446. £9.50.) Wolfgang F. Stolper Wolfgang F. Stolper Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 83, Issue 332, 1 December 1973, Pages 1330–1332, https://doi.org/10.2307/2230882 Publis…
Income Distribution. A Comparative Study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan
Journal Article Income Distribution. A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan, Distribution of Income: East and West Get access Income Distribution. A comparative study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom, and Japan. By M. SCHNITZER. (New York: Praeger, 1975. Pp. xiv + 234. £7.25.)Distribution of Income: East and West. By P. WILES. (Amsterd…
Income Distribution: A Comparative Study of the United States, Sweden, West Germany, East Germany, the United Kingdom and Japan
Approach and Avoidance Motivations Predict Psychological Well-Being and Affectivity of Volunteers at the Innsbruck 2008 Winter Special Olympics
The present study aimed to explore underlying motivational factors of volunteerism at a special sporting event for persons with intellectual disabilities. The volunteer survey ( n = 252) assessed sociodemographic characteristics, motives, satisfaction with life, psychological well-being, and affectivity of mainly intrinsically motivated volunteers versus traineeship attendees, doing a compulsory traineeship on occasion of the Innsbruck 2008 Winte…
Perception of the Culture and Education Programme of the Youth Olympic Games by the Participating Athletes: A Case Study for Innsbruck 2012
The Youth Olympic Games (YOG) were introduced and officially inaugurated in Singapore in 2010, constituting the first new Olympic event to be staged since the 1924 Winter Olympic Games. The structure of the YOG is based on the model of the European Youth Olympic Festival, which was introduced three decades ago. Being a new international sports event targeting young athletes, a major innovation of the YOG is its unique Culture and Education Progra…
Does Physical Activity during Alpine Vacations Increase Tourists’ Well-Being
Physical activities have been proven to have an impact on general well-being in everyday life; however, literature lacks an analysis of the effects of physical activities in vacation settings. Thus, the study aimed at assessing the impacts of physical activity on well-being during vacation by taking a longitudinal approach. We utilized a pre-post within-subject design ( n = 101) by testing vacationers prior to, during, and after their vacation in…
Analyzing Project Management Methods in Organizing Sports Events
The purpose of this study was to investigate the use and importance of project management (PM) methods in organizing sports events (SEs). Furthermore, the study analyzed differences in usage and importance of PM methods in relation to the type of SE. Finally, reasons for and obstacles to the implementation of PM methods in organizing SEs were identified. To assess the research questions, a quantitative survey ( n = 78) and a focus group discussio…
Influence of Event and Place Image on Residents’ Attitudes Toward and Support for Events
Analyzing residents’ support for events has become popular in sports tourism research. Based on the social exchange theory and the theory of reasoned action, this study tests a model of support for the 2018 UCI Road World Championships (N = 2,265). The findings show that the perceived image fit between an event and a place significantly influences residents’ overall attitude and event support. Furthermore, overall attitude mediates the relationsh…
Product diversification and isomorphism: The case of ski resorts and “me-too” innovation
Many ski-lift operators are trying to diversify their business by opening summer parks and in so doing, to reposition their resorts as year-round destinations. Almost half of ski-lift operators in Tyrol introduced such parks in the period from 2000 to 2018. The purpose of this study is to assess competitive determinants of following suit by copying these summer park introduced by competitors. Estimates using a Cox survival model show that the lik…
Overtourism and support for sports mega events
Physical Activity Behavior During and After Covid-19 Stay-at-Home Orders—A Longitudinal Study in the Austrian, German, and Italian Alps
Background: In Alpine regions, which are very similar due to their topographical location and their wide-ranging sports offerings, the restrictions on sports activities during the COVID-19 pandemic differed in type and level: while in some regions (Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino), all sports activities were forbidden except for walking near the home, in other regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg), people were allowed to go hiking and running during t…
Self-Presentation and Social Media Usage: A Case Study of Professional Alpine Skiing Athletes During the Winter Olympic Games and World Cup
Social media sites are rich communication and marketing tools used by athletes to promote their “brand” and interact with fans. Indeed, the proliferation of social media has led to athletes promoting themselves across multiple platforms. This study examined how the world’s top 10 professional alpine skiing athletes used social media to present themselves and engage with fans during the 2017–18 World Cup and 2018 Winter Olympic Games. The data for…
The role of sports events in developing tourism destinations: A systematized review and future research agenda
The link between sports and tourism has been widely researched. In this context, many studies have focused on sports event (SEs), finding that SEs provide a multitude of opportunities but also face many challenges at a local level. Despite the academic interest in the sports event tourism field, there is still little synthesis and no overview of research directions. Therefore, we proposed answering three research questions (RQs): What do we know …
An 8-week physical exercise intervention for e'athletes improves physical performance rather than short-term esports performance parameters - a randomized controlled trial
Introduction Esports have been suggested to enhance hand-eye coordination, fine motor skills, and reaction times. While physical exercise is known to improve these abilities, its impact on short-term esports performance is under-researched. This study aims to evaluate the effects of specific and general physical training on gaming performance, hypothesizing improvements in both physical and gaming-related variables. Methods Baseline and follow-up…
Perception of legitimacy and corporate social responsibility of winter sports tourism leisure providers
What makes women volunteer and lead? The role of perceived institutional, club-level, and individual factors
Outsourcing the Games – measuring resident support for hosting an outsourced Olympic event
This study examines resident support for outsourcing competitions within the Olympic Winter Games (OWG), focusing on the sliding events of the 2026 Milan-Cortina OWG. Utilising survey data (n = 585) from Innsbruck-Igls, Austria, the analysis investigates the impact of co-hosting on local perceptions. Our results reveal substantial support for outsourcing, influenced by perceived benefits of European cooperation, resource pooling and trust in deci…
Necessity is the Mother of Innovation—Crisis as a Catalyst for Line Extension in Sports Events
This paper examines the case of the Salzkammergut Trophy, a major mountain bike event in the Alps. During the Covid‐19 pandemic, the organizers introduced a hybrid event format, allowing participants to start individually over an extended period of time. Through a survey of event participants ( n = 1094) and semi‐structured interviews with event stakeholders ( n = 17), this paper assesses participant perception (RQ1), stakeholder evaluations (RQ2…
Political science (11 works) · Sport and Mega-Event Impacts (10 works) · Business (8 works) · Geography (8 works) · Sports, Gender, and Society (8 works) · Psychology (7 works) · Tourism (6 works) · Advertising (5 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · Economics (5 works)