Edward C Norton
Biographic Data
| ID | 335313 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Edward C Norton |
| GIVEN NAMES | Edward C |
| FAMILY NAME | Norton |
| SIGNATURE | NORTON E C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4555-0631 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 39 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 175 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
The Division of Labour Within the Household and Life Satisfaction
Why Transform Y ? The Pitfalls of Transformed Regressions with a Mass at Zero
Applied economists often transform a dependent variable that is non‐negative and skewed with the natural log transformation, the inverse hyperbolic sine transformation, or power function. We show that these transformations separate the zeros from the positives such that the estimated parameters are related to those from a scaled linear probability model. The retransformed marginal effects and elasticities are sensitive to changes in a shape param…
Genetic nurture in educational attainment
Developing an Adjunct Services Approach to Identify the Use of Procedures Not Covered by Health Insurance: The Case of In Vitro Fertilization
BACKGROUND: Health care claims have an inherent limitation in that noncovered services are unreported. This limitation is particularly problematic when researchers wish to study the effects of changes in the insurance coverage of a service. In prior work, we studied the change in the use of in vitro fertilization (IVF) after an employer added coverage. To estimate IVF use before coverage began, we developed and tested an Adjunct Services Approach…
The Impact of Nurse Practitioner Care and Accountable Care Organization Assignment on Skilled Nursing Services and Hospital Readmissions
BACKGROUND: Accountable care organizations (ACOs) and the employment of nurse practitioners (NP) in place of physicians are strategies that aim to reduce the cost and improve the quality of routine care delivered in skilled nursing facilities (SNF). The recent expansion of ACOs and nurse practitioners into SNF settings in the United States may be associated with improved health outcomes for patients. OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship betw…
The relationship between physical activity, cognitive function and health care use: A mediation analysis
Physical activity is known to provide substantial health benefits and subsequently reduce health care use among older people, but little is known about how much of this effect is due to improved cognitive function as opposed to physical improvements in health. We study the direct and indirect effect of physical activity on health care use using the word recall task as a measure of cognitive function in a mediation framework. We use data from eigh…
Association Between Organizational Quality and Out-of-Network Primary Care Among Accountable Care Organizations That Care for High vs Low Proportions of Patients of Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups
This large cohort study found that quality performance among ACOs serving many patients of racial and ethnic minority groups was negatively associated with their level of out-of-network primary care
Long-term effects of job loss on male health: BMI and health behaviors
Quality of Care in Chronic Kidney Disease and Incidence of End-stage Renal Disease in Older Patients: A Cohort Study
BACKGROUND: The quality of care received by a growing number of older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been adequately examined. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of CKD care among older patients and to clarify its association with the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). RESEARCH DESIGN: This was a population-based cohort study. SUBJECTS: Older (65 y and above) CKD patients diagnosed betwe…
Marginal Effects—Quantifying the Effect of Changes in Risk Factors in Logistic Regression Models
Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolary…
Valuing pain using the subjective well-being method
Log Odds and the Interpretation of Logit Models
OBJECTIVE: We discuss how to interpret coefficients from logit models, focusing on the importance of the standard deviation (σ) of the error term to that interpretation. STUDY DESIGN: We show how odds ratios are computed, how they depend on the standard deviation (σ) of the error term, and their sensitivity to different model specifications. We also discuss alternatives to odds ratios. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: There is no single odds ratio; instead, a…
Readmission Rates and Skilled Nursing Facility Utilization After Major Inpatient Surgery
BACKGROUND: There is widespread interest in reducing use of postacute care (ie, care after hospital discharge) following major surgery, provided that such reductions do not worsen quality outcomes such as readmission rates. OBJECTIVES: To describe the association between changes in skilled nursing facility (SNF) use and changes in readmission rates after surgery. RESEARCH DESIGN: This was a observational study. SUBJECTS: Fee-for-service Medicare …
Twopm: Two-Part Models
In this article, we describe twopm, a command for fitting two-part models for mixed discrete-continuous outcomes. In the two-part model, a binary choice model is fit for the probability of observing a positive-versus-zero outcome. Then, conditional on a positive outcome, an appropriate regression model is fit for the positive outcome. The twopm command allows the user to leverage the capabilities of predict and margins to calculate predictions an…
Interaction Terms in Nonlinear Models
OBJECTIVES: To explain the use of interaction terms in nonlinear models. STUDY DESIGN: We discuss the motivation for including interaction terms in multivariate analyses. We then explain how the straightforward interpretation of interaction terms in linear models changes in nonlinear models, using graphs and equations. We extend the basic results from logit and probit to difference-in-differences models, models with higher powers of explanatory v…
Direct and indirect effects of body weight on adult wages
Alcohol Use and Popularity: Social Payoffs From Conforming to Peers' Behavior
Although many economic analyses of adolescents have examined the costs of risky behaviors, few have investigated the gains that young people derive from such actions, particularly in terms of social payoffs for complying with peer behavior. This paper studies the relationship between adolescents' use of alcohol (relative to that of their peers) and popularity at school. We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a rich…
Obesity and labor market outcomes among legal immigrants to the United States from developing countries
Why have physical activity levels declined among Chinese adults? Findings from the 1991-2006 China health and nutrition surveys
Informal and formal care for elderly persons: How adult children's characteristics affect the use of formal care in Japan
Parental Nativity Affects Children’s Health and Access to Care
Parental Nativity is an Important Factor Associated with Where Children Usually Go for Health Care
How Age and Disability Affect Long-Term Care Expenditures in the United States
The ageing of the population and increasing longevity result in predictions of sizeable increases in long-term care expenditures. Other analyses have shown significant decreases in disability prevalence among older people in the US. This study provides an empirical quantification of the net result of these two forces (increased expenditures due to ageing versus potential expenditure reductions due to reduced disability) using the Medicare Current…
Medicare Prospective Payment and Quality of Care for Long-Stay Nursing Facility Residents
BACKGROUND: The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 dramatically changed the way that Medicare pays skilled nursing facilities and also cut per-diem rates. Previous studies have found effects on facility-wide staffing but not on quality for short-stay residents. Because facilities may combine revenue streams to be used where needed, spillover effects on quality of care for long-stay residents are possible. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate effects of f…
Mechanisms through which drug, sex partner, and friendship network characteristics relate to risky needle use among high risk youth and young adults
School and Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with School Rates of Alcohol, Cigarette, and Marijuana Use
Previous research has noted that schools vary in substance use prevalence rates, but explanations for school differences have received little empirical attention. We assess variability across elementary schools (N = 36) in rates of early adolescent alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use. Characteristics of neighborhoods and schools potentially related to school prevalence rates are examined, as well as whether these characteristics have independen…
Why have physical activity levels declined among Chinese adults? Findings from the 1991-2006 China health and nutrition surveys
Longevity and Health Care Expenditures: The Real Reasons Older People Spend More
Both increases in the absolute number of elderly persons and in their longevity will increase future Medicare expenditures. Yet, the expected increase in per person health care expenditures caused by greater longevity of Medicare beneficiaries will be less than expected because of the concentration of expenditures at the end of life rather than during extra years of a relatively healthy life. The latter conclusion may be altered, however, because…
Informal and formal care for elderly persons: How adult children's characteristics affect the use of formal care in Japan
China's one-child policy: The Economic Choices and Consequences Faced by Pregnant Women
Alcohol Use and Popularity: Social Payoffs From Conforming to Peers' Behavior
Although many economic analyses of adolescents have examined the costs of risky behaviors, few have investigated the gains that young people derive from such actions, particularly in terms of social payoffs for complying with peer behavior. This paper studies the relationship between adolescents' use of alcohol (relative to that of their peers) and popularity at school. We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a rich…
Mechanisms through which drug, sex partner, and friendship network characteristics relate to risky needle use among high risk youth and young adults
Effects of WIC Participation on Children’s Use of Oral Health Services
Objectives. We estimated the effects of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) on dental services use by Medicaid children in North Carolina. Methods. We used linked Medicaid claims and enrollment files, WIC files, and the area resource file to compare dental services use for children enrolled in WIC with those not enrolled. We used multivariate models that controlled for child clustering and employed 2-…
The relationship between physical activity, cognitive function and health care use: A mediation analysis
Physical activity is known to provide substantial health benefits and subsequently reduce health care use among older people, but little is known about how much of this effect is due to improved cognitive function as opposed to physical improvements in health. We study the direct and indirect effect of physical activity on health care use using the word recall task as a measure of cognitive function in a mediation framework. We use data from eigh…
How Age and Disability Affect Long-Term Care Expenditures in the United States
The ageing of the population and increasing longevity result in predictions of sizeable increases in long-term care expenditures. Other analyses have shown significant decreases in disability prevalence among older people in the US. This study provides an empirical quantification of the net result of these two forces (increased expenditures due to ageing versus potential expenditure reductions due to reduced disability) using the Medicare Current…
Formation of Trusts and Spend Down to Medicaid
The use of trusts was not common, and motives other than spend down were more important for those with trusts. Our results suggest little need for policy efforts to limit the use of trusts to achieve spend down
The Latin inscription on the Coppergate helmet
The Coppergate helmet, found in central York in 1982 and of Anglo-Saxon date, bears a Latin inscription. A new reading of the inscription is offered, and a different view consequently taken of its significance
The British Museum Collection of Medieval Tiles
A Parisian Workshop at Canterbury. A Late Thirteenth-Century Tile Pavement in the Corona Chapel, and the Origins of Tyler Hill
(1981). A Parisian Workshop at Canterbury. A Late Thirteenth-Century Tile Pavement in the Corona Chapel, and the Origins of Tyler Hill. Journal of the British Archaeological Association: Vol. 134, No. 1, pp. 58-77
The Thirteenth-Century Tile-Tombs of the Abbots of Jumieges
The Latin inscription on the Coppergate helmet
The Coppergate helmet, found in central York in 1982 and of Anglo-Saxon date, bears a Latin inscription. A new reading of the inscription is offered, and a different view consequently taken of its significance
School and Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with School Rates of Alcohol, Cigarette, and Marijuana Use
Previous research has noted that schools vary in substance use prevalence rates, but explanations for school differences have received little empirical attention. We assess variability across elementary schools (N = 36) in rates of early adolescent alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use. Characteristics of neighborhoods and schools potentially related to school prevalence rates are examined, as well as whether these characteristics have independen…
Formation of Trusts and Spend Down to Medicaid
The use of trusts was not common, and motives other than spend down were more important for those with trusts. Our results suggest little need for policy efforts to limit the use of trusts to achieve spend down
China's one-child policy: The Economic Choices and Consequences Faced by Pregnant Women
Interaction terms in logit and probit models
Longevity and Health Care Expenditures: The Real Reasons Older People Spend More
Both increases in the absolute number of elderly persons and in their longevity will increase future Medicare expenditures. Yet, the expected increase in per person health care expenditures caused by greater longevity of Medicare beneficiaries will be less than expected because of the concentration of expenditures at the end of life rather than during extra years of a relatively healthy life. The latter conclusion may be altered, however, because…
Computing Interaction Effects and Standard Errors in Logit and Probit Models
This paper explains why computing the marginal effect of a change in two variables is more complicated in nonlinear models than in linear models. The command inteff computes the correct marginal effect of a change in two interacted variables for a logit or probit model, as well as the correct standard errors. The inteff command graphs the interaction effect and saves the results to allow further investigation.
Informal care and health care use of older adults
The Effects of the Women, Infants, and Children's Supplemental Food Program on Dentally Related Medicaid Expenditures
The WIC program has the potential for decreasing dentally related costs to the Medicaid program, while increasing use of dental services
Effects of WIC Participation on Children’s Use of Oral Health Services
Objectives. We estimated the effects of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) on dental services use by Medicaid children in North Carolina. Methods. We used linked Medicaid claims and enrollment files, WIC files, and the area resource file to compare dental services use for children enrolled in WIC with those not enrolled. We used multivariate models that controlled for child clustering and employed 2-…
Social Support Among Latina Immigrant Women: Bridge Persons as Mediators of Cervical Cancer Screening
Medicare Prospective Payment and Quality of Care for Long-Stay Nursing Facility Residents
BACKGROUND: The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 dramatically changed the way that Medicare pays skilled nursing facilities and also cut per-diem rates. Previous studies have found effects on facility-wide staffing but not on quality for short-stay residents. Because facilities may combine revenue streams to be used where needed, spillover effects on quality of care for long-stay residents are possible. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate effects of f…
Mechanisms through which drug, sex partner, and friendship network characteristics relate to risky needle use among high risk youth and young adults
Parental Nativity Affects Children’s Health and Access to Care
Parental Nativity is an Important Factor Associated with Where Children Usually Go for Health Care
How Age and Disability Affect Long-Term Care Expenditures in the United States
The ageing of the population and increasing longevity result in predictions of sizeable increases in long-term care expenditures. Other analyses have shown significant decreases in disability prevalence among older people in the US. This study provides an empirical quantification of the net result of these two forces (increased expenditures due to ageing versus potential expenditure reductions due to reduced disability) using the Medicare Current…
Informal and formal care for elderly persons: How adult children's characteristics affect the use of formal care in Japan
Obesity and labor market outcomes among legal immigrants to the United States from developing countries
Why have physical activity levels declined among Chinese adults? Findings from the 1991-2006 China health and nutrition surveys
Alcohol Use and Popularity: Social Payoffs From Conforming to Peers' Behavior
Although many economic analyses of adolescents have examined the costs of risky behaviors, few have investigated the gains that young people derive from such actions, particularly in terms of social payoffs for complying with peer behavior. This paper studies the relationship between adolescents' use of alcohol (relative to that of their peers) and popularity at school. We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a rich…
Interaction Terms in Nonlinear Models
OBJECTIVES: To explain the use of interaction terms in nonlinear models. STUDY DESIGN: We discuss the motivation for including interaction terms in multivariate analyses. We then explain how the straightforward interpretation of interaction terms in linear models changes in nonlinear models, using graphs and equations. We extend the basic results from logit and probit to difference-in-differences models, models with higher powers of explanatory v…
Direct and indirect effects of body weight on adult wages
Medicine (27 works) · Psychology (12 works) · Economics (11 works) · Environmental health (10 works) · Gerontology (10 works) · Demographic economics (9 works) · Health care (9 works) · Nursing (9 works) · Demography (8 works) · Demography (8 works)