Stan Nadel
Biographic Data
| ID | 343149 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stan Nadel |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stan |
| FAMILY NAME | Nadel |
| SIGNATURE | NADEL S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Australian National University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3973-9633 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 57 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 476 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 57 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1935 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
It’s Not Just Structural: Political Context and London’s Environmental Networks Twenty‐One Years Later
The past 21 years have seen the UK environmental movement transform as climate change has become an urgent issue and broader publics have engaged in civil disobedience. More radical protest forms are curtailed by new legislation, while large NGOs like Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace have repositioned themselves as more locally responsive (e.g., anti-fracking). This article uses a novel perceptive and mapping approach to political opportunity …
Counter‐terrorism and humanitarian action: UK Ingo responses since 2015
There has been growing awareness in recent years of the wide‐ranging negative impacts that counter‐terrorism measures and sanctions impose on humanitarian action. Drawing on semi‐structured interviews with the staff of international non‐governmental organisations (INGOs), this paper examines these impacts on INGOs based in the United Kingdom. This is a context where a particularly complex array of laws, policies, and regulatory regimes have emerg…
Economic Balance: Exchange
The common knowledge of price-conditions is limited by existing communications and forms of economic contact. The description of Nupe production has clearly established the nature of Nupe economy as a highly complex exchange-economy based on money. Before the adoption of British money cowrie-shells constituted the currency of the country. Prices in Bida are always higher. In a wider sense Nupe country itself is one big market. For Nupe is a count…
Free Professions
This chapter discusses the profession of Mohammedan scholars on education. It deals with the &s;free professions&s;. The Bida barbers, busy and prosperous, do not practise farming in addition to their main occupation; nor do sons of barbers ever follow any other profession. The public is aware of the distinctions. It is well aware of the special field of certain foreign barber-doctors who frequently come to Bida to practise. In Bida drumming and …
Culture, Tribe, Society
In Nupe the unit of culture is in certain respects smaller than the unit of the tribe. The different &s;countries&s; of Nupe represent different, and differently organized, cultural &s;provinces&s;. Culture varies with environment and the productive organization which it entails; it expresses the changing dominant interests involved in social, political, and economic conditions. The conception of a common tribal culture is kept alive, as part of …
Political History of Nupe Kingdom
A state that would disdain to call to assistance the bonds of inner unity seems to jeopardize continuously its safety, and to risk being shattered and broken up by unrest and revolts, possibly beyond repair. Such tension and unrest seems indeed characteristic of the political history of Nupe. The rest of Nupe kingdom was divided up into smaller and larger &s;countries&s; comprising each a town with its dependent villages and tunga which were admi…
Industries (continued)
The technical conditions which contribute to make the guild-organized crafts into &s;closed groups&s;, organized on the lines of more or less intensive co-operation, are absent in the industries which are carried out as &s;free professions&s;. The individual crafts present a vaguely defined and ever fluid group which recruits itself from every stratum of Nupe society, the peasant class as well as the &s;intelligentsia&s;, slaves and clients as we…
Environment
The big rivers Niger and Kaduna form the two axes of the country, an efficient, natural system of communication. The geographical position of Nupe country makes it a typical area of transition from the southern forest belt to the arid savannahs of the north. Climate and soil combine to even more deadly effects: full of malaria-carrying mosquitoes, the river forests infested with tsetse-fly, and all watercourses polluted with bilharzia, Nupe is in…
Political History of Nupe Kingdom
In Nupe as everywhere, social patterns, common ideal types, spring up by themselves as &s;natural products of long association&s;. The culture of Nupe, more correctly the culture typical of the section which formed the core in the historical growth of the kingdom, became the representative culture of the whole country, set up as a standard and &s;ideal type&s; for the heterogeneous population. The expansion of the pre-Fulani kingdom appears to ha…
Industrial Labour
This chapter distinguishes two different categories of paid industrial labour: skilled permanent, and unskilled temporary, labour. Skilled labour is employed in the workshops of the Native Administration Public Works Department, and comprises blacksmiths, mechanics, carpenters, and bricklayers, i.e. occupations which (with the exception of the bricklayers) are closely associated with the traditional native crafts of the country. Temporary unskill…
Economics: Resources
This chapter examines the primary and ultimate resource of every productive system, savage or civilized, land. The village land is administered, that is, held in trust and apportioned—in Nupe terminology &s;owned&s;—by the chief. The grant of land to strangers never includes the trees growing on the farm-land. Land can be borrowed only for limited periods, as a rule for periods from two to five years, that is, in order to help a temporary shortag…
The Political Organization of The Village
The political organization of the Nupe village differs in certain respects in different parts of Nupe-land, but the general outline of the system remains, with one or two exceptions, the same. Titles and composition of the council of elders vary, but the same rule is valid in every Nupe village: so many &s;houses&s; or family groups, so many elders. Autocratically inclined chiefs find means to evade the check on their power which an efficient cou…
Agriculture: Organization of Labour
Labour organization in Nupe, in every field of economic activity, is characterized by a twofold principle: the distinction between individual work and family work or, in native terminology, between buca and efako . In certain areas where other forms of production are practised besides agriculture—mostly forms of production involving less heavy work and higher money-return—these additional productive techniques supply the buca work to which the me…
Wealth
The appreciation of wealth figures prominently in the educational conceptions of the people. Young boys of 8 or 10, when they are given a separate buca plot to farm, are at the same time taught the value of money income and money capital. Another method of accumulating capital is the investment in interest-bearing enterprises. Farm produce or gifts in kind in general cannot fully replace money expenditure. Besides the pawning of human pledges, or…
Government in Modern Nupe
Modern Nupe has re-defined the old conflict between cultural diversity and political unification, it has not eliminated it. In the political sphere the Government is attempting to do justice to this vital problem by admitting commoners and peasants to responsible offices in the central administration. Taxation is the most sensitive spot in any governmental system. The taxation of the Emirate is fixed by the District Officer, who tours the country…
Political History of Nupe Kingdom
The disappearance of ancient Nupe kingship reflects the far-reaching historical changes which Nupe kingdom had undergone in the Fulani conquest. War was essentially a concern of the Nupe state. No warfare or organized fights occurred between the villages or tribal sections of the country. Fulani rule, only established by undisguised conquest, and dependent upon the co-operation of a band of war-chiefs and faction-leaders, turned semi-sacred kings…
Industries
In the Western world Nupe native industries would fall under the heading of &s;home industries&s;. The Nupe brass-smiths—tswata muku—reside almost exclusively in Bida. The blacksmiths are called tswata in Nupe, or sometimes tswata gbagba, &s;heavy smiths&s;, to distinguish them from the tswata muku, the brass- and silversmiths. The guild organization at large also differs in certain essentials from that of the blacksmiths. The glass-worker guild …
The Community: Village and Town
The tendency to assume non-existent and exaggerate insignificant cultural differences between one&s;s own village and other communities represents, on the ideological plane, the assertion of the cultural identity of the community. Doko, a much smaller village but situated in a more densely populated area, owns nine large tunga settlements and a number of smaller, secondary, dependencies. Nupe Emirate counts three villages with a population of ove…
Agriculture: Production
The Nupe system of agriculture is based on shifting cultivation combined with a well-worked-out rotation of crops. The nature of the first farming activity depends on whether or not the farmer has done what &s;good&s; farmers are expected to do, namely, planted his yams already in the rains, immediately after the harvest. The time-factor in reaping and harvesting is less sharply defined than in sowing and planting. Harvesting activities are sprea…
The Position of the Women
The women rank-holders occupied an extremely influential position at the court. In particular the status by descent of the Nupe women is affected but little by marriage, by the social status of their husbands; in so far as it is so affected, this change is in the direction of social advancement. Women of low birth who marry above their status into the aristocracy can claim the status of their husbands; and women who marry beneath their station do…
Economic Balance: Means and Wants
Economists agree that economic incentives can be arranged in an order of intensity. Broadly speaking, the existence or intensity of wants is derived from the fact that they are satisfied, and that certain wants are satisfied rather than others. It will be best to begin with concrete illustrations of the economic balance achieved in Nupe households. The wants on which resources are expended form part of culture—they reflect customs, conventions, t…
Education for Citizenship
This chapter deals with the formalized educational institutions, of which there are two in Nupe: the institution of the Koran school, concerned with Mohammedan religious teaching, and the institution of age-grade associations. The two educational institutions supplement each other in many respects and that, between them, they take in the whole field of &s;education for citizenship&s;. The Mallam schools both in Bida and in the peasant districts a…
A Black Byzantium: The Kingdom of Nupe in Nigeria
Originally published in 1942 this now classic book is a study of the Nupe of Northern Nigeria. The economic and political complexity of their kingdom evoked comparisons with the civilization of Byzantium. The detailed description and analysis of their social life and political institutions was the first study of a Muslim Emirate in Nigeria and as such is still an indispensable work.
Urban Villages and Local Identities: Germans from Russia, Omaha Indians, and Vietnamese in Lincoln, Nebraska
Kurt E. Kinbacher and Timothy R. Mahoney have provided a delightful introduction to the historical and contemporary experience of three diverse ethnic groups in Lincoln, Nebraska, and have done so within a sophisticated framework of ethnicity and transnationalism. They lay out this framework in a comprehensive introductory chapter, follow up with a chapter devoted to each of the three groups, and conclude with a chapter that attempts to create a …
The Foundations of Social Anthropology
Focussing on the methodology of social anthropology this book covers the following: · The aims of social anthropology · Observation and description · Psychology in observation · The material of observation · Institutions · Groupings · Explanation · Experimental anthropology · Psychological explanations · Function and pattern. Originally published in 1951
The Theory of Social Structure: An Analysis of Social Systems
S.F. Nadel's "The Theory of Social Structure" is a seminal work in social anthropology that explores the complex interplay of roles, relationships, and groups within societies. Nadel argues against a simplistic view of social structure as a static framework, emphasizing instead its dynamic and processual nature. He introduces the concept of "role" as a fundamental unit of analysis, examining how individuals occupy multiple roles and how these rol…
The Foundations of Social Anthropology
Focussing on the methodology of social anthropology this book covers the following: · The aims of social anthropology · Observation and description · Psychology in observation · The material of observation · Institutions · Groupings · Explanation · Experimental anthropology · Psychological explanations · Function and pattern. Originally published in 1951
Witchcraft in Four African Societies: An Essay in Comparison
A Black Byzantium: The Kingdom of Nupe in Nigeria
Originally published in 1942 this now classic book is a study of the Nupe of Northern Nigeria. The economic and political complexity of their kingdom evoked comparisons with the civilization of Byzantium. The detailed description and analysis of their social life and political institutions was the first study of a Muslim Emirate in Nigeria and as such is still an indispensable work.
Land Tenure on the Eritrean Plateau
Opening ParagraphDoubtful land titles are established or contested through recognized legal channels. Traditionally, the jurisdiction in land disputes is vested in judges (danya) who are the chiefs of the community in whose territory the land is situated. This rule applies also to land litigation between full members of the community and the strangers and guest-groups which may hold land (by lease or other titles) in the area. We note that in suc…
The Theory of Social Structure
The Nuba: An Anthropological Study of the Hill Tribes of Kordofan
Social Control and Self-regulation
Journal Article Social Control and Self-regulation Get access S. F. Nadel S. F. Nadel Australian National University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 31, Issue 3, March 1953, Pages 265–273, https://doi.org/10.2307/2574226 Published: 01 March 1953
A Study of Shamanism in the Nuba Mountains
The Gani Ritual of Nupe: A Study in Social Symbiosis
Opening ParagraphThe gani ceremonial, which I propose to discuss in this paper, is not Nupe by origin but was introduced by a small group of immigrants from Bornu, Mohammedans by religion, who, between 1760 and 1770, settled in Nupe country in and around the village of Kutigi. They still call themselves, after their country of origin, Benú-the Nupe version of the name for Bornu, but are in every other respect completely Nupeized. The historical f…
Reason and Unreason in African Law
Opening ParagraphIn this essay I propose to discuss three recent studies of African legal systems-Anderson's survey of Mohammedan law in British African territories, Gluckman's book on the Barotse (or Lozi, to mention the tribe mainly considered), and Howell's book on Nuer law. To begin with, this seemed merely a convenient way of combining three reviews; nor did the three books seem to have very much more in common than the date of their publica…
Two Nuba Religions: An Essay in Comparison
Experiments on Culture Psychology
Opening ParagraphThe claim of psychology to a share in the study of culture and society is by no means firmly established. Indeed, a certain school of modern sociology and anthropology would cleanse the study of society from all psychological assumptions and interpretations and would deal with cultural and social phenomena as phenomena entirely in their own right. As this article is to describe an attempt to include psychology in anthropological …
Witchcraft and Anti-Witchcraft in Nupe Society
Opening ParagraphMy investigations into witchcraft among the Nupe were carried out under extremely adverse conditions. In February 1932 Bida, the capital of Nupe Emirate, had seen an outbreak of witchcraft which threw the whole country into a state of gravest unrest. Three women, an alleged witch with her daughter and granddaughter, were stoned to death by the enraged people of Bida when they tried to obtain justice against their accusers. The ho…
Morality and Language Among the Nupe
The Nuba
Glass-Making in Nupe
Social Symbiosis and Tribal Organization
Nupe State and Community
Opening ParagraphIn central Nigeria, between 8° 30' and 10° 30' N. lat., lies Nupe-land. Two rivers form its boundaries, the Niger to the south and west, the Kontagora river to the north. Another river marks its central axis: the Kaduna. The boundary to the east is formed by the gradually rising land, which eventually reaches the hills of Gwari country. It is a low, open, fertile country, covering roughly 7,000 sq. m., inhabited by a population w…
It’s Not Just Structural: Political Context and London’s Environmental Networks Twenty‐One Years Later
The past 21 years have seen the UK environmental movement transform as climate change has become an urgent issue and broader publics have engaged in civil disobedience. More radical protest forms are curtailed by new legislation, while large NGOs like Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace have repositioned themselves as more locally responsive (e.g., anti-fracking). This article uses a novel perceptive and mapping approach to political opportunity …
Social Symbiosis and Tribal Organization
Other: Male and Female: A Study of the Sexes in a Changing World
The Typological Approach to Culture
The King's Hangmen: A Judicial Organization in Central Nigeria
The King's Hangmen: A Judicial Organization in Central Nigeria
Witchcraft and Anti-Witchcraft in Nupe Society
Opening ParagraphMy investigations into witchcraft among the Nupe were carried out under extremely adverse conditions. In February 1932 Bida, the capital of Nupe Emirate, had seen an outbreak of witchcraft which threw the whole country into a state of gravest unrest. Three women, an alleged witch with her daughter and granddaughter, were stoned to death by the enraged people of Bida when they tried to obtain justice against their accusers. The ho…
Nupe State and Community
Opening ParagraphIn central Nigeria, between 8° 30' and 10° 30' N. lat., lies Nupe-land. Two rivers form its boundaries, the Niger to the south and west, the Kontagora river to the north. Another river marks its central axis: the Kaduna. The boundary to the east is formed by the gradually rising land, which eventually reaches the hills of Gwari country. It is a low, open, fertile country, covering roughly 7,000 sq. m., inhabited by a population w…
Gunnu,' a Fertility Cult of the Nupe in Northern Nigeria
The Typological Approach to Culture
Gunnu, a Fertility Cult of the Nupe in Northern Nigeria
Social Symbiosis and Tribal Organization
Experiments on Culture Psychology
Opening ParagraphThe claim of psychology to a share in the study of culture and society is by no means firmly established. Indeed, a certain school of modern sociology and anthropology would cleanse the study of society from all psychological assumptions and interpretations and would deal with cultural and social phenomena as phenomena entirely in their own right. As this article is to describe an attempt to include psychology in anthropological …
Social Symbiosis and Tribal Organization
Glass-Making in Nupe
The Kingdom of Nupe, Nigeria: Review
A Study of Shamanism in the Nuba Mountains
Land Tenure on the Eritrean Plateau
Opening ParagraphDoubtful land titles are established or contested through recognized legal channels. Traditionally, the jurisdiction in land disputes is vested in judges (danya) who are the chiefs of the community in whose territory the land is situated. This rule applies also to land litigation between full members of the community and the strangers and guest-groups which may hold land (by lease or other titles) in the area. We note that in suc…
The Nuba
The Nuba: An Anthropological Study of the Hill Tribes of Kordofan
The Gani Ritual of Nupe: A Study in Social Symbiosis
Opening ParagraphThe gani ceremonial, which I propose to discuss in this paper, is not Nupe by origin but was introduced by a small group of immigrants from Bornu, Mohammedans by religion, who, between 1760 and 1770, settled in Nupe country in and around the village of Kutigi. They still call themselves, after their country of origin, Benú-the Nupe version of the name for Bornu, but are in every other respect completely Nupeized. The historical f…
Other: Male and Female: A Study of the Sexes in a Changing World
Witchcraft in Four African Societies: An Essay in Comparison
Social Control and Self-regulation
Journal Article Social Control and Self-regulation Get access S. F. Nadel S. F. Nadel Australian National University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 31, Issue 3, March 1953, Pages 265–273, https://doi.org/10.2307/2574226 Published: 01 March 1953
Morality and Language Among the Nupe
General and Theoretical: For a Science of Social Man: Convergences in Anthropology, Psychology, and Sociology. H oward B ecker , J ohn G illin , A. I rving H allowell , G eorge P eter M urdock , T heo…
Two Nuba Religions: An Essay in Comparison
Understanding Primitive Peoples
Reason and Unreason in African Law
Opening ParagraphIn this essay I propose to discuss three recent studies of African legal systems-Anderson's survey of Mohammedan law in British African territories, Gluckman's book on the Barotse (or Lozi, to mention the tribe mainly considered), and Howell's book on Nuer law. To begin with, this seemed merely a convenient way of combining three reviews; nor did the three books seem to have very much more in common than the date of their publica…
The Theory of Social Structure
History (23 works) · Political science (22 works) · Sociology (21 works) · Law (17 works) · Geography (13 works) · History (13 works) · Business (12 works) · African history and culture analysis (11 works) · Archaeology (11 works) · Law (11 works)