Brigitte Talon
Biographic Data
| ID | 3448652 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Brigitte Talon |
| GIVEN NAMES | Brigitte |
| FAMILY NAME | Talon |
| SIGNATURE | TALON B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3313-7284 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 61 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 18 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Multidisciplinary approach to investigate human-forest relationships in southern French Alps
A comparative review of soil charcoal data
The nutrient-poor grasslands of Western Europe are of major conservation concern because land use changes threaten their high biodiversity. Studies assessing their characteristics show that their past and on-going dynamics are strongly related to human activities. Yet, the initial development patterns of this specific ecosystem remain unclear. Here, we examine findings from previous paleoecological investigations performed at local level on Europ…
L’occupation préhistorique et protohistorique de la montagne et de l’abri Faravel dans le parc national des Écrins (Hautes-Alpes, France)
L’Abri Faravel, découvert en 2010 à 2 133 m d’altitude dans le Parc National des Écrins (Freissinières, Hautes-Alpes, France), est un site d’altitude ayant fait l’objet de plusieurs campagnes de fouille programmée entre 2011 et 2015. Cet abri-sous-roche a connu plusieurs phases d’occupation sur une longue durée, depuis le Mésolithique jusqu’à l’époque contemporaine. Le mobilier archéologique collecté lors de ces fouilles se compose d’une série li…
Landscape evolution and agro-sylvo-pastoral activities on the Gorgan Plain (NE Iran) in the last 6000 years
The Gorgan Plain (NE Iran) is characterized by fertile soils formed on a loess plateau and is at present primarily exploited for intensive agriculture. However, the timing and intensity of the human impact on the landscape in the past are still unclear. A sediment core, taken from the centre of the eastern Gorgan Plain in the Kongor Lake covering the major part of the Holocene from 6.1 to 0.8 ka (all ages are calibrated before present), has been …
Charcoal
Environmental imprints of landscape evolution and human activities during the Holocene in a small catchment of the Calanques Massif (Cassis, southern France)
This paper is based on a multidisciplinary study using both paleoenvironmental methods (biological, sedimentological, magnetic and geochemical) and archaeological data in order to characterize landscape and hydrological network changes as well as human impact on a littoral catchment in the Western Mediterranean area. Sedimentary records obtained around a coastal alluvial plain (Cassis, Southeastern France) reveal local environmental changes and h…
Pedoanthracological contribution to forest naturalness assessment
Attaque au feu au Bronze ancien sur le gîte de cuivre de Saint-Véran (Hautes-Alpes)
The copper deposit of Clausis Saint-Véran (Hautes-Alpes, France) is a lens of ore included between an oceanic substratum, with serpentinite and shale, and a sedimentary cover with marble and quartzite with riebeckite. The sulphide ore is a high-grade massive bornite (45/ 65% copper) associated with native copper. Prehistoric mining activity was located between 2 400 and 2 600 metres, and thus represents the highest mine in Europe for this period.…
Pedoanthracology
Données récentes sur l’occupation humaine dans les Alpes méridionales durant l’Antiquité
Parmi les nombreux travaux portant sur l’occupation du milieu alpin, très peu concernent la période antique. Les recherches, souvent anciennes, se sont focalisées sur des questions telles que les grandes voies transalpines, l’organisation administrative des régions alpines ou le développement urbain. L’occupation de ces régions était principalement appréhendée à travers quelques découvertes ou des fouilles anciennes, principalement dans les fonds…
The age and history of the French Mediterranean steppe revisited by soil wood charcoal analysis
In the Mediterranean basin, steppe vegetation is considered to be the result either of land clearing in the Neolithic or the result of harsh environmental conditions (shallow soils and/or Mediterranean drought). For the first time, a study was carried out in the French Mediterranean steppe area of the Crau in Southeastern France using soil wood charcoal analysis, a technique in which charcoals found in the soil are identified and dated. According…
Soil charcoal analysis
This paper presents and discusses the use of soil charcoal analysis (pedoanthracology) to reconstruct past forest dynamics in a larch forest of the upper Guil valley (French Alps, Queyras). We also discuss the role of anthropogenic fire in forest dynamics. The radiocarbon dates from this site demonstrate that arolla pine ( Pinus cembra) and larch were present in the area since 7566—7673 cal. BP and 5934—6123 cal. BP, respectively. The identificat…
Reconstruction of Holocene high-altitude vegetation cover in the French southern Alps
The study presented here from the southern French Alps demonstrates the reliability of soil charcoal analysis for the study of Holocene past treeline positions. The occurrence of charcoal in mineral soils along transects from 1950 m up to 2920 m demonstrates the role of fire in the establishment of the present vegetation patterns. The abrupt decrease of charcoal concentration at about 2400—2600 m (which varies across the study sites) corresponds …
Archéologie et paléoenvironnement dans les Alpes méridionales françaises, Hauts massifs de l'Argentiérois, du Champsaur et de l'Ubaye, Hautes-Alpes et Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Néolithique final -début…
In the Southern French Alps, the first evidence for prehistoric human presence has been revealed by multidisciplinary and dia-chronic research programs developed in the Argentiérois, Champsaur and Ubaye high altitude massifs in the Ecrins National Park (Hautes-Alpes), and in the Mercantour National park in the Ubaye (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). This work correlates archaeological and palaeoenvironmetal data. This approach assesses the modes of expl…
Impact of disturbance on the Holocene development of a temperate peatland (Southern Québec)
Dynamique du peuplement et activités agro-pastorales durant l'âge du Bronze dans les massifs du Haut Champsaur et de l'Argentierois (Hautes-Alpes)
Des programmes de recherche pluridisciplinaires sur l'occupation du sol et le pastoralisme de la Préhistoire au Moyen Âge dans le sud du massif alpin sont menés, depuis 1998, sur les massifs du Haut Champsaur, de Freissinières et de l'Argentièrois (Hautes-Alpes). Des dix phases d'occupation et d'activité agropastorale mises en évidence (prospections pédestres et fouilles), entre 1 600 et 2 700 m d'altitude, trois se distinguent : la fin du Néolit…
Reconstruction of the long-term fire history of an old-growth deciduous forest in Southern Québec, Canada, from charred wood in mineral soils
Charcoal particles are widespread in terrestrial and lake environments of the northern temperate and boreal biomes where they are used to reconstruct past fire events and regimes. In this study, we used botanically identified and radiocarbon-dated charcoal macrofossils in mineral soils as a paleoecological tool to reconstruct past fire activity at the stand scale. Charcoal macrofossils buried in podzolic soils by tree uprooting were analyzed to r…
Past uppermost tree limit in the Central European Alps (Switzerland) based on soil and soil charcoal
The uppermost limits of past treelines in the Alps are established using soil type and soil charcoal mass. In all the studied sites, a sharp decrease of soil charcoal mass is correlated with the upper altitudinal limit of podzols. On the basis of this evidence, the uppermost tree limit reached 2500±100m a.s.l. in the Valaisan Alps during the Holocene, i.e., it was 250±100 m higher than today's potential treeline. Consequently, the timberline woul…
Reconstruction of Holocene high-altitude vegetation cover in the French southern Alps
The study presented here from the southern French Alps demonstrates the reliability of soil charcoal analysis for the study of Holocene past treeline positions. The occurrence of charcoal in mineral soils along transects from 1950 m up to 2920 m demonstrates the role of fire in the establishment of the present vegetation patterns. The abrupt decrease of charcoal concentration at about 2400—2600 m (which varies across the study sites) corresponds …
Pedoanthracology
Soil charcoal analysis
This paper presents and discusses the use of soil charcoal analysis (pedoanthracology) to reconstruct past forest dynamics in a larch forest of the upper Guil valley (French Alps, Queyras). We also discuss the role of anthropogenic fire in forest dynamics. The radiocarbon dates from this site demonstrate that arolla pine ( Pinus cembra) and larch were present in the area since 7566—7673 cal. BP and 5934—6123 cal. BP, respectively. The identificat…
Dynamique du peuplement et activités agro-pastorales durant l'âge du Bronze dans les massifs du Haut Champsaur et de l'Argentierois (Hautes-Alpes)
Des programmes de recherche pluridisciplinaires sur l'occupation du sol et le pastoralisme de la Préhistoire au Moyen Âge dans le sud du massif alpin sont menés, depuis 1998, sur les massifs du Haut Champsaur, de Freissinières et de l'Argentièrois (Hautes-Alpes). Des dix phases d'occupation et d'activité agropastorale mises en évidence (prospections pédestres et fouilles), entre 1 600 et 2 700 m d'altitude, trois se distinguent : la fin du Néolit…
Archéologie et paléoenvironnement dans les Alpes méridionales françaises, Hauts massifs de l'Argentiérois, du Champsaur et de l'Ubaye, Hautes-Alpes et Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Néolithique final -début…
In the Southern French Alps, the first evidence for prehistoric human presence has been revealed by multidisciplinary and dia-chronic research programs developed in the Argentiérois, Champsaur and Ubaye high altitude massifs in the Ecrins National Park (Hautes-Alpes), and in the Mercantour National park in the Ubaye (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). This work correlates archaeological and palaeoenvironmetal data. This approach assesses the modes of expl…
The age and history of the French Mediterranean steppe revisited by soil wood charcoal analysis
In the Mediterranean basin, steppe vegetation is considered to be the result either of land clearing in the Neolithic or the result of harsh environmental conditions (shallow soils and/or Mediterranean drought). For the first time, a study was carried out in the French Mediterranean steppe area of the Crau in Southeastern France using soil wood charcoal analysis, a technique in which charcoals found in the soil are identified and dated. According…
Past uppermost tree limit in the Central European Alps (Switzerland) based on soil and soil charcoal
The uppermost limits of past treelines in the Alps are established using soil type and soil charcoal mass. In all the studied sites, a sharp decrease of soil charcoal mass is correlated with the upper altitudinal limit of podzols. On the basis of this evidence, the uppermost tree limit reached 2500±100m a.s.l. in the Valaisan Alps during the Holocene, i.e., it was 250±100 m higher than today's potential treeline. Consequently, the timberline woul…
L’occupation préhistorique et protohistorique de la montagne et de l’abri Faravel dans le parc national des Écrins (Hautes-Alpes, France)
L’Abri Faravel, découvert en 2010 à 2 133 m d’altitude dans le Parc National des Écrins (Freissinières, Hautes-Alpes, France), est un site d’altitude ayant fait l’objet de plusieurs campagnes de fouille programmée entre 2011 et 2015. Cet abri-sous-roche a connu plusieurs phases d’occupation sur une longue durée, depuis le Mésolithique jusqu’à l’époque contemporaine. Le mobilier archéologique collecté lors de ces fouilles se compose d’une série li…
Landscape evolution and agro-sylvo-pastoral activities on the Gorgan Plain (NE Iran) in the last 6000 years
The Gorgan Plain (NE Iran) is characterized by fertile soils formed on a loess plateau and is at present primarily exploited for intensive agriculture. However, the timing and intensity of the human impact on the landscape in the past are still unclear. A sediment core, taken from the centre of the eastern Gorgan Plain in the Kongor Lake covering the major part of the Holocene from 6.1 to 0.8 ka (all ages are calibrated before present), has been …
Past uppermost tree limit in the Central European Alps (Switzerland) based on soil and soil charcoal
The uppermost limits of past treelines in the Alps are established using soil type and soil charcoal mass. In all the studied sites, a sharp decrease of soil charcoal mass is correlated with the upper altitudinal limit of podzols. On the basis of this evidence, the uppermost tree limit reached 2500±100m a.s.l. in the Valaisan Alps during the Holocene, i.e., it was 250±100 m higher than today's potential treeline. Consequently, the timberline woul…
Reconstruction of the long-term fire history of an old-growth deciduous forest in Southern Québec, Canada, from charred wood in mineral soils
Charcoal particles are widespread in terrestrial and lake environments of the northern temperate and boreal biomes where they are used to reconstruct past fire events and regimes. In this study, we used botanically identified and radiocarbon-dated charcoal macrofossils in mineral soils as a paleoecological tool to reconstruct past fire activity at the stand scale. Charcoal macrofossils buried in podzolic soils by tree uprooting were analyzed to r…
Dynamique du peuplement et activités agro-pastorales durant l'âge du Bronze dans les massifs du Haut Champsaur et de l'Argentierois (Hautes-Alpes)
Des programmes de recherche pluridisciplinaires sur l'occupation du sol et le pastoralisme de la Préhistoire au Moyen Âge dans le sud du massif alpin sont menés, depuis 1998, sur les massifs du Haut Champsaur, de Freissinières et de l'Argentièrois (Hautes-Alpes). Des dix phases d'occupation et d'activité agropastorale mises en évidence (prospections pédestres et fouilles), entre 1 600 et 2 700 m d'altitude, trois se distinguent : la fin du Néolit…
Archéologie et paléoenvironnement dans les Alpes méridionales françaises, Hauts massifs de l'Argentiérois, du Champsaur et de l'Ubaye, Hautes-Alpes et Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Néolithique final -début…
In the Southern French Alps, the first evidence for prehistoric human presence has been revealed by multidisciplinary and dia-chronic research programs developed in the Argentiérois, Champsaur and Ubaye high altitude massifs in the Ecrins National Park (Hautes-Alpes), and in the Mercantour National park in the Ubaye (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). This work correlates archaeological and palaeoenvironmetal data. This approach assesses the modes of expl…
Impact of disturbance on the Holocene development of a temperate peatland (Southern Québec)
Données récentes sur l’occupation humaine dans les Alpes méridionales durant l’Antiquité
Parmi les nombreux travaux portant sur l’occupation du milieu alpin, très peu concernent la période antique. Les recherches, souvent anciennes, se sont focalisées sur des questions telles que les grandes voies transalpines, l’organisation administrative des régions alpines ou le développement urbain. L’occupation de ces régions était principalement appréhendée à travers quelques découvertes ou des fouilles anciennes, principalement dans les fonds…
The age and history of the French Mediterranean steppe revisited by soil wood charcoal analysis
In the Mediterranean basin, steppe vegetation is considered to be the result either of land clearing in the Neolithic or the result of harsh environmental conditions (shallow soils and/or Mediterranean drought). For the first time, a study was carried out in the French Mediterranean steppe area of the Crau in Southeastern France using soil wood charcoal analysis, a technique in which charcoals found in the soil are identified and dated. According…
Soil charcoal analysis
This paper presents and discusses the use of soil charcoal analysis (pedoanthracology) to reconstruct past forest dynamics in a larch forest of the upper Guil valley (French Alps, Queyras). We also discuss the role of anthropogenic fire in forest dynamics. The radiocarbon dates from this site demonstrate that arolla pine ( Pinus cembra) and larch were present in the area since 7566—7673 cal. BP and 5934—6123 cal. BP, respectively. The identificat…
Reconstruction of Holocene high-altitude vegetation cover in the French southern Alps
The study presented here from the southern French Alps demonstrates the reliability of soil charcoal analysis for the study of Holocene past treeline positions. The occurrence of charcoal in mineral soils along transects from 1950 m up to 2920 m demonstrates the role of fire in the establishment of the present vegetation patterns. The abrupt decrease of charcoal concentration at about 2400—2600 m (which varies across the study sites) corresponds …
Attaque au feu au Bronze ancien sur le gîte de cuivre de Saint-Véran (Hautes-Alpes)
The copper deposit of Clausis Saint-Véran (Hautes-Alpes, France) is a lens of ore included between an oceanic substratum, with serpentinite and shale, and a sedimentary cover with marble and quartzite with riebeckite. The sulphide ore is a high-grade massive bornite (45/ 65% copper) associated with native copper. Prehistoric mining activity was located between 2 400 and 2 600 metres, and thus represents the highest mine in Europe for this period.…
Pedoanthracology
Pedoanthracological contribution to forest naturalness assessment
Charcoal
Environmental imprints of landscape evolution and human activities during the Holocene in a small catchment of the Calanques Massif (Cassis, southern France)
This paper is based on a multidisciplinary study using both paleoenvironmental methods (biological, sedimentological, magnetic and geochemical) and archaeological data in order to characterize landscape and hydrological network changes as well as human impact on a littoral catchment in the Western Mediterranean area. Sedimentary records obtained around a coastal alluvial plain (Cassis, Southeastern France) reveal local environmental changes and h…
Landscape evolution and agro-sylvo-pastoral activities on the Gorgan Plain (NE Iran) in the last 6000 years
The Gorgan Plain (NE Iran) is characterized by fertile soils formed on a loess plateau and is at present primarily exploited for intensive agriculture. However, the timing and intensity of the human impact on the landscape in the past are still unclear. A sediment core, taken from the centre of the eastern Gorgan Plain in the Kongor Lake covering the major part of the Holocene from 6.1 to 0.8 ka (all ages are calibrated before present), has been …
A comparative review of soil charcoal data
The nutrient-poor grasslands of Western Europe are of major conservation concern because land use changes threaten their high biodiversity. Studies assessing their characteristics show that their past and on-going dynamics are strongly related to human activities. Yet, the initial development patterns of this specific ecosystem remain unclear. Here, we examine findings from previous paleoecological investigations performed at local level on Europ…
L’occupation préhistorique et protohistorique de la montagne et de l’abri Faravel dans le parc national des Écrins (Hautes-Alpes, France)
L’Abri Faravel, découvert en 2010 à 2 133 m d’altitude dans le Parc National des Écrins (Freissinières, Hautes-Alpes, France), est un site d’altitude ayant fait l’objet de plusieurs campagnes de fouille programmée entre 2011 et 2015. Cet abri-sous-roche a connu plusieurs phases d’occupation sur une longue durée, depuis le Mésolithique jusqu’à l’époque contemporaine. Le mobilier archéologique collecté lors de ces fouilles se compose d’une série li…
Multidisciplinary approach to investigate human-forest relationships in southern French Alps
Geography (14 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (12 works) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (12 works) · Ecology (10 works) · Physical geography (10 works) · Archaeology (9 works) · Holocene (9 works) · Biology (8 works) · Charcoal (7 works) · Ecosystem (7 works)