Gail Geller
Biographic Data
| ID | 351759 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gail Geller |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gail |
| FAMILY NAME | Geller |
| SIGNATURE | GELLER G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Johns Hopkins University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4856-1942 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 37 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Nature and value of health research: Perspectives from local communities in Botswana
Relatively few studies to-date have examined research communities’ perspectives on fundamental characteristics of health research. This study contributes to the literature by investigating what selected local communities in Botswana understand to be the nature and value of health research for their communities, and the distinction they make between health research and medical intervention. Semi-structured focus groups and in-depth interviews were…
Impact of Legal Perceptions and Disclosure on Willingness to Undergo HIV Antiretroviral Resistance Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Brief Report
Prioritization of ethical concerns regarding HIV molecular epidemiology by public health practitioners and researchers
The ethical issues of HIV ME vary in importance among stakeholders, reflecting different perspectives on the potential impact and usefulness of the data. Knowing these differences exist can directly inform the focus of future deliberations about the policies and practices of HIV ME in the United States
Perceptions of Molecular HIV Surveillance Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States
Capacity for wonder among medical students: Assessment and educational implications
Objective The capacity for wonder (CfW) is a personal disposition related to lifelong learning and moral character development, two highly valued characteristics of health professionals. We previously developed and validated a CfW measure among college students. Here we describe how the scale performs among medical students.Methods We invited all students at a top-tier U.S. medical school (N = 477) to participate in an online survey including the…
Perceived Value of Prenatal Ultrasound Screening: A Survey of Pregnant Women
Tolerance for Ambiguity Among Medical Students: Patterns of Change During Medical School and Their Implications for Professional Development
PURPOSE: Tolerance for ambiguity (TFA) is important for physicians, with implications for ethical behavior and patient care. This study explores how medical students' TFA changes from matriculation to graduation and how change in empathy and openness to diversity are associated with this change. METHOD: Data for students who took the Matriculating Student Questionnaire (MSQ) in 2013 or 2014 and the Medical School Graduation Questionnaire (GQ) in …
Sars-CoV-2 safer infection sites: Moral entitlement, pragmatic harm reduction strategy or ethical outrage
The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has led to unprecedented changes to society, causing unique problems that call for extraordinary solutions. We consider one such extraordinary proposal: ‘safer infection sites’ that would offer individuals the opportunity to be intentionally infected with SARS-CoV-2, isolate, and receive medical care until they are no longer infectious. Safer infection could have value for various groups of workers and students. Health …
Ethical issues in genetics and infectious diseases research: An interdisciplinary expert review
Masks in Medicine: Metaphors and Morality
Cultural Values and Beliefs of Selected Local Communities in Botswana: Implications for Human Subject Research Ethics Practice
Calls have been made for researchers prospectively and continuously to engage study communities. If done, this typically occurs through a specific research study or collaboration. Rarely are community mores examined in-depth to understand implications for research ethics policy processes. We describe a qualitative study designed to understand local community values, beliefs, and practices that relate to research ethics in Botswana and explore how…
Impact of Hospital Visitor Restrictions on Racial Disparities in Obstetrics
Racial disparities in both obstetrics and COVID-19 are well documented. Troublingly, implicit biases and related testimonial injustice potentiate adverse outcomes for women of color whose voices and concerns have been historically discredited by the medical establishment. In the context of COVID-19, the restriction of hospital visitors for infection prevention and control in a labor and delivery setting may disproportionately burden black women b…
A medical student scholarly concentrations program: Scholarly self-efficacy and impact on future research activities
Our findings suggest that a Scholarly Concentrations program is associated with an increased self-efficacy for research, and these changes in self-efficacy are associated with higher satisfaction in the scholarly experience and increased likelihood of pursuing scholarly work. Other medical schools could use such a tool of self-efficacy to both investigate the overall Scholarly Concentrations experience and understand factors that may increase int…
The Tyranny of Hope
Biomedical science is usually framed for the public in terms of its “promise.” When a breakthrough results from scientific inquiry, that promise is translated into a hope for a cure. The “promise” of such advances in biomedical research can have a paradoxical effect. In the case of pediatric neuromuscular disease, rather than reducing suffering, the expectation of cure can be a burden—both physically and emotionally—for affected children and thei…
Addressing Medical Students’ Negative Bias Toward Patients With Obesity Through Ethics Education
Medical students have negative attitudes about obesity that are consistent over time. Providing opportunities for students to discuss their personal experiences and beliefs about obesity within an ethics framework and using popular media as a basis for discussion might improve their attitudes toward obesity
Trustworthy Research Institutions: The Challenging Case of Studying theGenetics of Intelligence
It is simple enough to claim that academic research institutions ought to be trustworthy. Building the culture and taking the steps necessary to earn and preserve institutional trust are, however, complex processes. The experience motivating this special report—a request for the Center for Talented Youth at Johns Hopkins University to collaborate on research regarding the genetics of intelligence—illustrates how ensuring institutional trustworthi…
Was a decision made? An assessment of patient–clinician discordance in medical oncology encounters
Patients and clinicians do not always agree on whether a cancer care decision was made. As such, measures that ask patients and/or clinicians to evaluate a decision-making process or outcome may be methodologically insufficient when they do not explicitly orient respondents towards the thing they are being asked to assess
Weight-Based Stigma and Physician Bias
Self-awareness, mutual trust, respect for the patient, specific advice, and recognition of the difficulty of weight loss are necessary for sensitive and effective weight counseling of patients who have previously experienced weight-based stigma in the medical setting. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association
Relevant content for a patient-reported outcomes questionnaire for use in oncology clinical practice: Putting doctors and patients on the same page
Public Perspectives on Informed Consent for Biobanking
The National Institutes of Health and other federal health agencies are considering establishing a national biobank to study the roles of genes and environment in health. We assessed the public's attitudes toward the proposed biobank, including preferences for providing informed consent. Sixteen focus groups were conducted, and themes arising from the focus groups were tested in a large, representative survey (n = 4659) of the general population.…
Conducting Empirical Research on Informed Consent: Challenges and Questions
Greg A. Sachs, Gavin W. Hougham, Jeremy Sugarman, Patricia Agre, Marion E. Broome, Gail Geller, Nancy Kass, Eric Kodish, Jim Mintz, Laura W. Roberts, Pamela Sankar, Laura A. Siminoff, James Sorenson, Anita Weiss, Conducting Empirical Research on Informed Consent: Challenges and Questions, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, Vol. 25, No. 5, Supplement (Sep. - Oct., 2003), pp. S4-S10
Children in Research: New Perspectives and Practices for Informed Consent
Marion E. Broome, Eric Kodish, Gail Geller, Laura A. Siminoff, Children in Research: New Perspectives and Practices for Informed Consent, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, Vol. 25, No. 5, Supplement (Sep. - Oct., 2003), pp. S20-S25
Assessing Mass Media Reporting of Disease-Related Genetic Discoveries: Development of an Instrument and Initial Findings
Objective: To develop an instrument to assess the content and balance of media stories about genetic discoveries relevant to human diseases and assess its ability to detect variability. Methods: Consumer focus groups to help develop the instrument, and surveys of scientists and journalists to evaluate the items. Ratings by at least two readers assessed reliability. Variability was measured by comparing scores of 47 stories emanating from two disc…
Houseofficers’ reactions to media coverage about the sequencing of the human genome
Navigating conflict of interest in oocyte donation: An analysis of donors’ experiences
The relationships oocyte donors have with lawyers, psychologists, and health care providers are explored and recommendations to address conflicts of interest are suggested
Tolerance for ambiguity among medical students: Implications for their selection, training and practice
Improving response rates through incentive and follow-up: The effect on a survey of physicians' knowledge of genetics
OBJECTIVES. This study assessed efforts to increase response rates to a mailed physician survey and examined whether, as a result, nonresponse bias was reduced. METHODS. Randomly selected physicians and geneticists were mailed a questionnaire concerning genetics knowledge and attitudes. In the final but not the pilot survey, a $25 incentive and intensive follow-up were used to increase the response rate. RESULTS. The response rate from physicians…
Assessing Mass Media Reporting of Disease-Related Genetic Discoveries: Development of an Instrument and Initial Findings
Objective: To develop an instrument to assess the content and balance of media stories about genetic discoveries relevant to human diseases and assess its ability to detect variability. Methods: Consumer focus groups to help develop the instrument, and surveys of scientists and journalists to evaluate the items. Ratings by at least two readers assessed reliability. Variability was measured by comparing scores of 47 stories emanating from two disc…
Experimental studies of the etiology of genital exhibitionism
Cultural Values and Beliefs of Selected Local Communities in Botswana: Implications for Human Subject Research Ethics Practice
Calls have been made for researchers prospectively and continuously to engage study communities. If done, this typically occurs through a specific research study or collaboration. Rarely are community mores examined in-depth to understand implications for research ethics policy processes. We describe a qualitative study designed to understand local community values, beliefs, and practices that relate to research ethics in Botswana and explore how…
Public Perspectives on Informed Consent for Biobanking
The National Institutes of Health and other federal health agencies are considering establishing a national biobank to study the roles of genes and environment in health. We assessed the public's attitudes toward the proposed biobank, including preferences for providing informed consent. Sixteen focus groups were conducted, and themes arising from the focus groups were tested in a large, representative survey (n = 4659) of the general population.…
Houseofficers’ reactions to media coverage about the sequencing of the human genome
A Qualitative Assessment of Primary Care Physicians' Perceptions about the Ethical and Social Implications of Offering Genetic Testing
Due to the increasing likelihood that new genetic tests will be incorporated into primary care, we investigated the preparedness of primary care physicians to offer such tests. As a follow-up to a national survey of physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding genetics, we conducted five focus groups with a total of 39 survey respondents from 5 specialties and 4 states. Semi-structured questions were used to generate and guide discussion about p…
Experimental studies of the etiology of genital exhibitionism
Tolerance for ambiguity among medical students: Implications for their selection, training and practice
Improving response rates through incentive and follow-up: The effect on a survey of physicians' knowledge of genetics
OBJECTIVES. This study assessed efforts to increase response rates to a mailed physician survey and examined whether, as a result, nonresponse bias was reduced. METHODS. Randomly selected physicians and geneticists were mailed a questionnaire concerning genetics knowledge and attitudes. In the final but not the pilot survey, a $25 incentive and intensive follow-up were used to increase the response rate. RESULTS. The response rate from physicians…
Measuring Physicians?? Tolerance for Ambiguity and its Relationship to Their Reported Practices Regarding Genetic Testing
Despite uncertainties in medicine, attempts to study physicians' tolerance for uncertainty have been few, and limited by the measurement instruments available. This paper describes development of a modified tolerance for ambiguity (TFA) scale, and correlates it with several physician characteristics and reported behaviors. Eighteen TFA items were included in a national survey of physicians' knowledge and attitudes about genetic testing. Sixty-fiv…
A Qualitative Assessment of Primary Care Physicians' Perceptions about the Ethical and Social Implications of Offering Genetic Testing
Due to the increasing likelihood that new genetic tests will be incorporated into primary care, we investigated the preparedness of primary care physicians to offer such tests. As a follow-up to a national survey of physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding genetics, we conducted five focus groups with a total of 39 survey respondents from 5 specialties and 4 states. Semi-structured questions were used to generate and guide discussion about p…
Case Study: Hope and the Limits of Research
"Decoding" Informed Consent Insights from Women regarding Breast Cancer Susceptibility Testing
Cancer susceptibility testing is likely to become routine in medical practice, despite many limitations and unanswered questions. These uncertainties greatly complicate the process of informed consent, creating an excellent opportunity to reconsider exactly how it should be conducted. Research with women's reactions to the availability of genetic susceptibility testing for breast cancer dramatically underscores that informed consent ought to be h…
Navigating conflict of interest in oocyte donation: An analysis of donors’ experiences
The relationships oocyte donors have with lawyers, psychologists, and health care providers are explored and recommendations to address conflicts of interest are suggested
Conducting Empirical Research on Informed Consent: Challenges and Questions
Greg A. Sachs, Gavin W. Hougham, Jeremy Sugarman, Patricia Agre, Marion E. Broome, Gail Geller, Nancy Kass, Eric Kodish, Jim Mintz, Laura W. Roberts, Pamela Sankar, Laura A. Siminoff, James Sorenson, Anita Weiss, Conducting Empirical Research on Informed Consent: Challenges and Questions, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, Vol. 25, No. 5, Supplement (Sep. - Oct., 2003), pp. S4-S10
Children in Research: New Perspectives and Practices for Informed Consent
Marion E. Broome, Eric Kodish, Gail Geller, Laura A. Siminoff, Children in Research: New Perspectives and Practices for Informed Consent, IRB: Ethics & Human Research, Vol. 25, No. 5, Supplement (Sep. - Oct., 2003), pp. S20-S25
Assessing Mass Media Reporting of Disease-Related Genetic Discoveries: Development of an Instrument and Initial Findings
Objective: To develop an instrument to assess the content and balance of media stories about genetic discoveries relevant to human diseases and assess its ability to detect variability. Methods: Consumer focus groups to help develop the instrument, and surveys of scientists and journalists to evaluate the items. Ratings by at least two readers assessed reliability. Variability was measured by comparing scores of 47 stories emanating from two disc…
Houseofficers’ reactions to media coverage about the sequencing of the human genome
Public Perspectives on Informed Consent for Biobanking
The National Institutes of Health and other federal health agencies are considering establishing a national biobank to study the roles of genes and environment in health. We assessed the public's attitudes toward the proposed biobank, including preferences for providing informed consent. Sixteen focus groups were conducted, and themes arising from the focus groups were tested in a large, representative survey (n = 4659) of the general population.…
Weight-Based Stigma and Physician Bias
Self-awareness, mutual trust, respect for the patient, specific advice, and recognition of the difficulty of weight loss are necessary for sensitive and effective weight counseling of patients who have previously experienced weight-based stigma in the medical setting. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association
Relevant content for a patient-reported outcomes questionnaire for use in oncology clinical practice: Putting doctors and patients on the same page
Trustworthy Research Institutions: The Challenging Case of Studying theGenetics of Intelligence
It is simple enough to claim that academic research institutions ought to be trustworthy. Building the culture and taking the steps necessary to earn and preserve institutional trust are, however, complex processes. The experience motivating this special report—a request for the Center for Talented Youth at Johns Hopkins University to collaborate on research regarding the genetics of intelligence—illustrates how ensuring institutional trustworthi…
Was a decision made? An assessment of patient–clinician discordance in medical oncology encounters
Patients and clinicians do not always agree on whether a cancer care decision was made. As such, measures that ask patients and/or clinicians to evaluate a decision-making process or outcome may be methodologically insufficient when they do not explicitly orient respondents towards the thing they are being asked to assess
Addressing Medical Students’ Negative Bias Toward Patients With Obesity Through Ethics Education
Medical students have negative attitudes about obesity that are consistent over time. Providing opportunities for students to discuss their personal experiences and beliefs about obesity within an ethics framework and using popular media as a basis for discussion might improve their attitudes toward obesity
The Tyranny of Hope
Biomedical science is usually framed for the public in terms of its “promise.” When a breakthrough results from scientific inquiry, that promise is translated into a hope for a cure. The “promise” of such advances in biomedical research can have a paradoxical effect. In the case of pediatric neuromuscular disease, rather than reducing suffering, the expectation of cure can be a burden—both physically and emotionally—for affected children and thei…
Impact of Hospital Visitor Restrictions on Racial Disparities in Obstetrics
Racial disparities in both obstetrics and COVID-19 are well documented. Troublingly, implicit biases and related testimonial injustice potentiate adverse outcomes for women of color whose voices and concerns have been historically discredited by the medical establishment. In the context of COVID-19, the restriction of hospital visitors for infection prevention and control in a labor and delivery setting may disproportionately burden black women b…
A medical student scholarly concentrations program: Scholarly self-efficacy and impact on future research activities
Our findings suggest that a Scholarly Concentrations program is associated with an increased self-efficacy for research, and these changes in self-efficacy are associated with higher satisfaction in the scholarly experience and increased likelihood of pursuing scholarly work. Other medical schools could use such a tool of self-efficacy to both investigate the overall Scholarly Concentrations experience and understand factors that may increase int…
Tolerance for Ambiguity Among Medical Students: Patterns of Change During Medical School and Their Implications for Professional Development
PURPOSE: Tolerance for ambiguity (TFA) is important for physicians, with implications for ethical behavior and patient care. This study explores how medical students' TFA changes from matriculation to graduation and how change in empathy and openness to diversity are associated with this change. METHOD: Data for students who took the Matriculating Student Questionnaire (MSQ) in 2013 or 2014 and the Medical School Graduation Questionnaire (GQ) in …
Sars-CoV-2 safer infection sites: Moral entitlement, pragmatic harm reduction strategy or ethical outrage
The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has led to unprecedented changes to society, causing unique problems that call for extraordinary solutions. We consider one such extraordinary proposal: ‘safer infection sites’ that would offer individuals the opportunity to be intentionally infected with SARS-CoV-2, isolate, and receive medical care until they are no longer infectious. Safer infection could have value for various groups of workers and students. Health …
Ethical issues in genetics and infectious diseases research: An interdisciplinary expert review
Masks in Medicine: Metaphors and Morality
Medicine (25 works) · Psychology (23 works) · Family medicine (12 works) · Social Psychology (12 works) · Political science (11 works) · Ethics in Clinical Research (9 works) · BRCA gene mutations in cancer (8 works) · Nursing (8 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Engineering ethics (6 works)