M Maurice Abitbol
Biographic Data
| ID | 3528360 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M Maurice Abitbol |
| GIVEN NAMES | M Maurice |
| FAMILY NAME | Abitbol |
| SIGNATURE | ABITBOL M M |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 12 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 137 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 12 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Reconstruction of the STS 14 ( Australopithecus africanus ) pelvis
The study reports a reconstruction of the sacrum in STS 14 based on extrapolation from the measurements of the first two sacral vertebrae of STS 14 and of the angle formed by the anterior surfaces of their vertebral bodies. Reconstruction is based on comparisons of, and extrapolation from, sacra of Pan troglodytes, Homo sapiens , and Australopithecus afarensis. The reconstructed sacrum has an anterior sacral curvature of 39°. The two ossa coxae w…
Lateral view of Australopithecus afarensis: Primitive Aspects of Bipedal Positional Behavior in the Earliest Hominids
Growth of the fetus in the abdominal cavity
The ratio pelvic/abdominal cavity is 6.9% in samples of nonhuman mammals and nonhuman primates, and rises to approximately 30% in humans. This relative reduction of the abdomen and increase of the pelvis is associated with a partial or total shift of some organs from the abdomen to the pelvis: rectosigmoid colon, bladder, and genital organs, which are mostly abdominal in quadrupeds and are mostly pelvic in humans. Pregnancy, always abdominal in n…
Reply to Chaplin
Ontogeny and evolution of pelvic diameters in anthropoid primates and in Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288‐1)
Pelvic diameters (both anteroposterior [AP] and transverse [TR]) were investigated in a series of anthropoid primates. The ratio of diameters (AP/TR) in each of three pelvic planes (inlet, midpelvis, and outlet) was calculated. In addition to the above, the length of the iliac, pubic, and ischial axes and the angles between these axes were determined. The AP/TR ratio at the pelvic inlet is (reported in millimeters, SD, unless otherwise specified)…
Variations in blood supply allocations for quadrupedal and for bipedal posture and locomotion
Hemodynamics and orthodynamics were investigated in quadrupeds (dogs) and in bipeds (humans). The subjects were investigated at rest in supine or lateral posture, in quadrupedal and then in bipedal posture, and during locomotion. Quadrupedalism in humans was with subjects on their hands and knees. Bipedalism in dogs was on hindlimbs with the forelimbs held by a technician. Blood flow in the main arteries of the body (aorta, external and internal …
Sacral curvature and supine posture
Sacral curvature (SC), represented by the angle between the first and the last sacral vertebrae, is a feature that differentiates the human pelvis from that of other animals. The sacral curvature was measured and studied in 14 cebids, 31 cercopithecids, 17 hylobatids, 85 pongids, 23 normal human children, 15 children with orthopedic handicaps, 49 normal adult human males, and 64 normal adult human females. Sacral curvature was minimal to nil in m…
Effect of posture and locomotion on energy expenditure
Energy expenditure for human adults and infants and for dogs was measured in resting (supine or lateral) posture, in bipedal posture and locomotion, and in quadrupedal posture and locomotion. Variations in respiratory and heart rate and in body temperature were utilized in this comparative study. Oxygen consumption was also measured in human adults. In human adults, bipedal posture and locomotion were shown to be much less energy‐consuming than c…
Evolution of the ischial spine and of the pelvic floor in the hominoidea
Study of the pelvis in 143 different mammals reveals that in quadrupeds the ischial spines are barely noticeable and are located posteriorly near the sacrum. In humans, the ischial spines are prominent and more anteriorly located. As a consequence of their position and size, the ischial spines in humans become an obstacle to parturition. Herein a theory is proposed to account for what appears to be an incongruous development and orientation of th…
Evolution of the lumbosacral angle
The lumbosacral angle (LSA) was studied in 131 chidren ranging in age from birth to 5 years. This angle increases form an average of 20 degrees at birth to an average of 70 degrees at the age of 5 years; it remains at that level thereafter. This study demonstrates that the formation of the LSA is not related to increasing age, height, of weight. Nor do obstetrical requirements seem to play any major role in the formation of the lumbosacral angle.…
Evolution of the sacrum in hominoids
In order to study the formation of the sacrum during the primate evolution, a new way of numbering mammalian vertebrae is presented; this demonstrates that the thoracolumbosacral complex is fixed at 22 vertebrae in 80% and at 22 ± 1 in 100% of the cases. The shift of a vertebra from one type to another occurs either at the thoracolumbar or at the lumbosacral junction and not at the cervicothoracic junction. Rarely does the shift take place at the…
Obstetrics and posture in pelvic anatomy
Obstetrics and posture in pelvic anatomy
Evolution of the ischial spine and of the pelvic floor in the hominoidea
Study of the pelvis in 143 different mammals reveals that in quadrupeds the ischial spines are barely noticeable and are located posteriorly near the sacrum. In humans, the ischial spines are prominent and more anteriorly located. As a consequence of their position and size, the ischial spines in humans become an obstacle to parturition. Herein a theory is proposed to account for what appears to be an incongruous development and orientation of th…
Lateral view of Australopithecus afarensis: Primitive Aspects of Bipedal Positional Behavior in the Earliest Hominids
Evolution of the sacrum in hominoids
In order to study the formation of the sacrum during the primate evolution, a new way of numbering mammalian vertebrae is presented; this demonstrates that the thoracolumbosacral complex is fixed at 22 vertebrae in 80% and at 22 ± 1 in 100% of the cases. The shift of a vertebra from one type to another occurs either at the thoracolumbar or at the lumbosacral junction and not at the cervicothoracic junction. Rarely does the shift take place at the…
Ontogeny and evolution of pelvic diameters in anthropoid primates and in Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288‐1)
Pelvic diameters (both anteroposterior [AP] and transverse [TR]) were investigated in a series of anthropoid primates. The ratio of diameters (AP/TR) in each of three pelvic planes (inlet, midpelvis, and outlet) was calculated. In addition to the above, the length of the iliac, pubic, and ischial axes and the angles between these axes were determined. The AP/TR ratio at the pelvic inlet is (reported in millimeters, SD, unless otherwise specified)…
Evolution of the lumbosacral angle
The lumbosacral angle (LSA) was studied in 131 chidren ranging in age from birth to 5 years. This angle increases form an average of 20 degrees at birth to an average of 70 degrees at the age of 5 years; it remains at that level thereafter. This study demonstrates that the formation of the LSA is not related to increasing age, height, of weight. Nor do obstetrical requirements seem to play any major role in the formation of the lumbosacral angle.…
Reconstruction of the STS 14 ( Australopithecus africanus ) pelvis
The study reports a reconstruction of the sacrum in STS 14 based on extrapolation from the measurements of the first two sacral vertebrae of STS 14 and of the angle formed by the anterior surfaces of their vertebral bodies. Reconstruction is based on comparisons of, and extrapolation from, sacra of Pan troglodytes, Homo sapiens , and Australopithecus afarensis. The reconstructed sacrum has an anterior sacral curvature of 39°. The two ossa coxae w…
Sacral curvature and supine posture
Sacral curvature (SC), represented by the angle between the first and the last sacral vertebrae, is a feature that differentiates the human pelvis from that of other animals. The sacral curvature was measured and studied in 14 cebids, 31 cercopithecids, 17 hylobatids, 85 pongids, 23 normal human children, 15 children with orthopedic handicaps, 49 normal adult human males, and 64 normal adult human females. Sacral curvature was minimal to nil in m…
Effect of posture and locomotion on energy expenditure
Energy expenditure for human adults and infants and for dogs was measured in resting (supine or lateral) posture, in bipedal posture and locomotion, and in quadrupedal posture and locomotion. Variations in respiratory and heart rate and in body temperature were utilized in this comparative study. Oxygen consumption was also measured in human adults. In human adults, bipedal posture and locomotion were shown to be much less energy‐consuming than c…
Growth of the fetus in the abdominal cavity
The ratio pelvic/abdominal cavity is 6.9% in samples of nonhuman mammals and nonhuman primates, and rises to approximately 30% in humans. This relative reduction of the abdomen and increase of the pelvis is associated with a partial or total shift of some organs from the abdomen to the pelvis: rectosigmoid colon, bladder, and genital organs, which are mostly abdominal in quadrupeds and are mostly pelvic in humans. Pregnancy, always abdominal in n…
Variations in blood supply allocations for quadrupedal and for bipedal posture and locomotion
Hemodynamics and orthodynamics were investigated in quadrupeds (dogs) and in bipeds (humans). The subjects were investigated at rest in supine or lateral posture, in quadrupedal and then in bipedal posture, and during locomotion. Quadrupedalism in humans was with subjects on their hands and knees. Bipedalism in dogs was on hindlimbs with the forelimbs held by a technician. Blood flow in the main arteries of the body (aorta, external and internal …
Evolution of the lumbosacral angle
The lumbosacral angle (LSA) was studied in 131 chidren ranging in age from birth to 5 years. This angle increases form an average of 20 degrees at birth to an average of 70 degrees at the age of 5 years; it remains at that level thereafter. This study demonstrates that the formation of the LSA is not related to increasing age, height, of weight. Nor do obstetrical requirements seem to play any major role in the formation of the lumbosacral angle.…
Evolution of the sacrum in hominoids
In order to study the formation of the sacrum during the primate evolution, a new way of numbering mammalian vertebrae is presented; this demonstrates that the thoracolumbosacral complex is fixed at 22 vertebrae in 80% and at 22 ± 1 in 100% of the cases. The shift of a vertebra from one type to another occurs either at the thoracolumbar or at the lumbosacral junction and not at the cervicothoracic junction. Rarely does the shift take place at the…
Obstetrics and posture in pelvic anatomy
Effect of posture and locomotion on energy expenditure
Energy expenditure for human adults and infants and for dogs was measured in resting (supine or lateral) posture, in bipedal posture and locomotion, and in quadrupedal posture and locomotion. Variations in respiratory and heart rate and in body temperature were utilized in this comparative study. Oxygen consumption was also measured in human adults. In human adults, bipedal posture and locomotion were shown to be much less energy‐consuming than c…
Evolution of the ischial spine and of the pelvic floor in the hominoidea
Study of the pelvis in 143 different mammals reveals that in quadrupeds the ischial spines are barely noticeable and are located posteriorly near the sacrum. In humans, the ischial spines are prominent and more anteriorly located. As a consequence of their position and size, the ischial spines in humans become an obstacle to parturition. Herein a theory is proposed to account for what appears to be an incongruous development and orientation of th…
Variations in blood supply allocations for quadrupedal and for bipedal posture and locomotion
Hemodynamics and orthodynamics were investigated in quadrupeds (dogs) and in bipeds (humans). The subjects were investigated at rest in supine or lateral posture, in quadrupedal and then in bipedal posture, and during locomotion. Quadrupedalism in humans was with subjects on their hands and knees. Bipedalism in dogs was on hindlimbs with the forelimbs held by a technician. Blood flow in the main arteries of the body (aorta, external and internal …
Sacral curvature and supine posture
Sacral curvature (SC), represented by the angle between the first and the last sacral vertebrae, is a feature that differentiates the human pelvis from that of other animals. The sacral curvature was measured and studied in 14 cebids, 31 cercopithecids, 17 hylobatids, 85 pongids, 23 normal human children, 15 children with orthopedic handicaps, 49 normal adult human males, and 64 normal adult human females. Sacral curvature was minimal to nil in m…
Reply to Chaplin
Ontogeny and evolution of pelvic diameters in anthropoid primates and in Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288‐1)
Pelvic diameters (both anteroposterior [AP] and transverse [TR]) were investigated in a series of anthropoid primates. The ratio of diameters (AP/TR) in each of three pelvic planes (inlet, midpelvis, and outlet) was calculated. In addition to the above, the length of the iliac, pubic, and ischial axes and the angles between these axes were determined. The AP/TR ratio at the pelvic inlet is (reported in millimeters, SD, unless otherwise specified)…
Growth of the fetus in the abdominal cavity
The ratio pelvic/abdominal cavity is 6.9% in samples of nonhuman mammals and nonhuman primates, and rises to approximately 30% in humans. This relative reduction of the abdomen and increase of the pelvis is associated with a partial or total shift of some organs from the abdomen to the pelvis: rectosigmoid colon, bladder, and genital organs, which are mostly abdominal in quadrupeds and are mostly pelvic in humans. Pregnancy, always abdominal in n…
Reconstruction of the STS 14 ( Australopithecus africanus ) pelvis
The study reports a reconstruction of the sacrum in STS 14 based on extrapolation from the measurements of the first two sacral vertebrae of STS 14 and of the angle formed by the anterior surfaces of their vertebral bodies. Reconstruction is based on comparisons of, and extrapolation from, sacra of Pan troglodytes, Homo sapiens , and Australopithecus afarensis. The reconstructed sacrum has an anterior sacral curvature of 39°. The two ossa coxae w…
Lateral view of Australopithecus afarensis: Primitive Aspects of Bipedal Positional Behavior in the Earliest Hominids
Anatomy (11 works) · Anatomy (11 works) · Biology (9 works) · Medicine (7 works) · Pelvis (7 works) · Bipedalism (5 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (4 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (4 works) · Sacrum (4 works) · Geology (3 works)