B Austin
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3555 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | B Austin |
| NOMBRES | B |
| APELLIDO | Austin |
| FIRMA | AUSTIN B |
| AFILIACIONES | Boston Children's Hospital |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0830-5293 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 102 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 462 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 102 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1989 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 13 |
“This Work Belongs to Everyone”
Eating disorders, depression, and anxiety among East Asian American young adults in the United States
OBJECTIVE: This study (1) examined associations between probable anxiety and depression with probable eating disorders (ED) among East Asian American young adults ages 18-25 years; and (2) assessed mental health service use patterns among East Asian American young adults with probable EDs and probable depression and/or anxiety. METHODS: Multivariable logistic models were employed to estimate the association between the outcome of a probable ED an…
Extending the tripartite influence model
Mapping the costs of mental health- and substance use-related grant cancellations
Since the 2025 Presidential Inauguration, the Administration has terminated billions of dollars in federal funding; however, the impacts of these terminations on the mental health and substance use fields have not yet been examined. We thus aimed to quantify the costs associated with federally funded mental health- and substance use-related grants that have been prematurely terminated during the initial wave of disruptions, before judicial interv…
Developing a state-level structural cisheteropatriarchy legal index in the United States
Individual, school, and neighborhood influences on disordered eating behaviors in adolescence and eating disorders in young adulthood
State minimum wage laws and state-level rates of new HIV diagnoses among Black, Latine, and White US women and men, 2010–2019
BACKGROUND: In the USA, HIV remains a pressing public health challenge (~37 400 new diagnoses in 2018) and pronounced racialised inequities persist. In 2018, Black and Latine people represented 43% and 26% of new diagnoses but only 13% and 18% of the population, respectively. Antiracist laws may help mitigate these inequities, yet research investigating specific laws is lacking. This study aimed to examine associations between state minimum wage …
Experiences of Everyday Discrimination by Sexual Orientation in a Large National Cohort of Female Nurses
While discrimination has been studied among sexual minorities (SM), researchers have called for several necessary innovations, including adopting standard measures of discrimination and identifying attributions of such mistreatment among sexual minorities. We used data from the Nurses' Health Study 2 ( n = 69,483)-a longitudinal cohort of female nurses across the U.S. Experiences of discrimination were measured in 2017 using the Everyday Discrimi…
Structural Racism-Related State Laws and Healthcare Access Among Black, Latine, and White U.S. Adults
Standing Up for Core Principles in Departments of Social and Behavioral Sciences in Public Health
Weight bias internalization, weight controllability beliefs, and probable eating disorder associations among medical students at a private university in the US
Lessons from an online workshop to advance strategic de-implementation of universal BMI surveillance
This paper presents proceedings from a workshop organized by the Strategic Training Initiative for the Prevention of Eating Disorders (STRIPED) with support from the Harvard Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. Our workshop was designed to facilitate strategic planning towards de-implementation of universal BMI surveillance, given its estimated human costs and iatrogenic effects. Using novel frameworks that draw from (de)/implementation scienc…
Sexual orientation-related disparities in perinatal mental health among a prospective cohort study
Sexually minoritized women (SMW) may be at an increased risk of adverse perinatal mental health, though prior research is limited. We examined sexual orientation-related differences in perinatal mental health (i.e., stress and depression), and antidepressant utilization among those at different severities of clinically significant perinatal depressive symptoms. Nurses' Health Study 3 participants with prospectively assessed pregnancies (N = 6,364…
From the sidelines to the headlines
Soon after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, much of the analog world as we knew it ground to a halt, jettisoning most arenas of life into the digital sphere. Among those who quickly gained facility with online ways of interacting and conducting business included youth and U.S. state lawmakers — two communities that rarely interacted prior to the pandemic. Within months, key means of civic participation had shifted online, leading to th…
Gender minority stress is associated with past-year suicidal ideation in a national probability sample of transgender and gender diverse adults
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adults experience increased discrimination and victimization relative to cisgender adults, thus elevating their risk for suicidal ideation (SI). Social support and connection to the broader TGD community may mitigate the relationship between gender identity-based stressors (i.e., interpersonal minority stressors), psychological stress processes (i.e., intrapsychic minority stress processes), and TGD adults' ri…
Controlling partner dynamics in transgender/nonbinary young adults’ romantic relationships
Controlling partner dynamics-when a person's sexual or romantic partner exerts disproportionate control over their behavior and/or joint decisions-can adversely impact sexual and mental health. For transgender and/or nonbinary (TNB) young adults, cissexism-the system of power relations that marginalizes TNB people in favor of cisgender people-may contribute to controlling partner dynamics. However, mechanisms linking cissexism to controlling part…
Trajectories of Mental Distress Among US Women by Sexual Orientation and Racialized Group During the First Year of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Objectives. To describe longitudinal trends in the prevalence of mental distress across the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020‒April 2021) among US women at the intersection of sexual orientation and racialized group. Methods. Participants included 49 805 cisgender women and female-identified people from the COVID-19 Sub-Study, a cohort of US adults embedded within the Nurses’ Health Studies 2 and 3 and the Growing Up Today Study. We…
Promoting equitable sexual health communication among patients with minoritized racial/ethnic, sexual orientation, and gender identities
Methods for structural sexism and population health research
Accumulating evidence links structural sexism to gendered health inequities, yet methodological challenges have precluded comprehensive examinations into life-course and/or intersectional effects. To help address this gap, we introduce an analytic framework that uses sequential conditional mean models (SCMMs) to jointly account for longitudinal exposure trajectories and moderation by multiple dimensions of social identity/position, which we then …
Financial precarity, food insecurity, and psychological distress prospectively linked with use of potentially dangerous dietary supplements during the pandemic in the US
Introduction: Supplements sold with claims to promote weight loss, cleansing/detoxing, increased energy, or boosted immunity can be dangerous, and consumers experiencing extreme stressors may be especially vulnerable to deceptive claims. The purpose of our study was to investigate associations of financial strain and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic with use of supplements sold for weight loss, cleanse/detox, energy, or immunit…
Tackling colourism through storytelling in an online course for public health professionals
Objective: Strategic storytelling can be used to reframe dominant cultural narratives and improve community health outcomes. This pilot study assessed the impact of an original, online 3-week e-course, delivered from November to December 2021, in increasing learners’ knowledge of and concern for the seriousness of skin-shade discrimination and the use of skin-lightening products in India, increasing learners’ understanding of storytelling-based c…
Associations between sexual orientation, sex education curriculum, and exposure to affirming/disaffirming LGB content in two US-based cohorts of adolescents
Sexual health education experienced by lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) youth varies widely in relevancy and representation. However, associations among sexual orientation, type of sex education, and exposure to affirming or disaffirming content have yet to be examined. Understanding these patterns can help to address gaps in LGB-sensitive sex education. Our goal in this study was to examine the prevalence and associations among abstinence-only u…
Examining the Association Between Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among U.S. Women
Weak regulations threaten the safety of consumers from harmful weight-loss supplements globally
Objective: To pilot a global policy scan assessing how governments worldwide regulate weight-loss supplements (WLS). Design: Experts on WLS policies from thirty countries that varied by World Bank income classification, with five from each of the six WHO regions, completed an online survey on WLS regulation in their country. The survey covered six domains: legal frameworks; pre-market requirements; claims, labelling, and advertisements; product a…
Minor Consent Laws for Sexually Transmitted Infection and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Services in the United States
Objectives. To assess changes in minor consent laws for sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV testing, treatment, and prevention services in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia from 1900 to 2021. Methods. We coded laws into minor consent for (1) health care generally; (2) STI testing, treatment, and prevention; (3) HIV testing, treatment, and prevention; and (4) pre- or postexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention. We also coded c…
Stability and Change in Self-Reported Sexual Orientation Identity in Young People
Clustering of Fast-Food Restaurants Around Schools
Objectives. We examined the concentration of fast food restaurants in areas proximal to schools to characterize school neighborhood food environments. Methods. We used geocoded databases of restaurant and school addresses to examine locational patterns of fast‐food restaurants and kindergartens and primary and secondary schools in Chicago. We used the bivariate K function statistical method to quantify the degree of clustering (spatial dependence…
Pervasive Trauma Exposure Among US Sexual Orientation Minority Adults and Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Objectives. We assessed sexual orientation disparities in exposure to violence and other potentially traumatic events and onset of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a representative US sample. Methods. We used data from 34 653 noninstitutionalized adult US residents from the 2004 to 2005 wave of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Results. Lesbians and gay men, bisexuals, and heterosexuals who reported any s…
High Burden of Homelessness Among Sexual-Minority Adolescents
Objectives. We compared the prevalence of current homelessness among adolescents reporting a minority sexual orientation (lesbian/gay, bisexual, unsure, or heterosexual with same-sex sexual partners) with that among exclusively heterosexual adolescents. Methods. We combined data from the 2005 and 2007 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a representative sample of public school students in grades 9 though 12 (n = 6317). Results. Approximatel…
Family Functioning and Mental Health of Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming Youth in the Trans Teen and Family Narratives Project
Transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGN) youth are at increased risk for adverse mental health outcomes, but better family functioning may be protective. This study describes TGN youth's mental health and associations with family functioning in a community-based sample. Participants were from 33 families (96 family members) and included 33 TGN youth, ages 13 to 17 years; 48 cisgender (non-transgender) caregivers; and 15 cisgender siblings. Part…
Socially Assigned Gender Nonconformity
Cumulative exposure to state-level structural sexism and risk of disordered eating
The Intersectionality of Discrimination Attributes and Bullying Among Youth
Eating Disorder Symptoms and Obesity at the Intersections of Gender, Ethnicity, and Sexual Orientation in US High School Students
Objectives. We examined purging for weight control, diet pill use, and obesity across sexual orientation identity and ethnicity groups. Methods. Anonymous survey data were analyzed from 24 591 high school students of diverse ethnicities in the federal Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System Survey in 2005 and 2007. Self-reported data were gathered on gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation identity, height, weight, and purging and diet pill use i…
Elevated Risk of Posttraumatic Stress in Sexual Minority Youths
Objectives. We examined whether lifetime risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was elevated in sexual minority versus heterosexual youths, whether childhood abuse accounted for disparities in PTSD, and whether childhood gender nonconformity explained sexual-orientation disparities in abuse and subsequent PTSD. Methods. We used data from a population-based study (n = 9369, mean age = 22.7 years) to estimate risk ratios for PTSD. We calculat…
Sexual Violence Victimization History and Sexual Risk Indicators in a Community-Based Urban Cohort of “Mostly Heterosexual” and Heterosexual Young Women
Objectives. We sought to examine sexual violence victimization in childhood and sexual risk indicators in young adulthood in a primarily Latina and Black cohort of “mostly heterosexual” and heterosexual women in the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). Methods. In 2000, a comprehensive survey that assessed sexual orientation, sexual risk indicators, and sexual abuse victimization was completed by 391 young women (aged 18…
Endorsement and Timing of Sexual Orientation Developmental Milestones Among Sexual Minority Young Adults in the Growing Up Today Study
This research examined endorsement and timing of sexual orientation developmental milestones. Participants were 1,235 females and 398 males from the Growing Up Today Study, ages 22 to 29 years, who endorsed a sexual minority orientation (lesbian/gay, bisexual, mostly heterosexual) or reported same-gender sexual behavior (heterosexual with same-gender sexual experience). An online survey measured current sexual orientation and endorsement and timi…
Using a Two-Step Method to Measure Transgender Identity in Latin America/the Caribbean, Portugal, and Spain
Patterns of body image concerns and disordered weight- and shape-related behaviors in heterosexual and sexual minority adolescent males
This study investigates body image concerns and disordered weight- and shape-related behaviors across adolescence and young adulthood in males and how patterns vary by sexual orientation. Participants were 5,388 males from the U.S. national Growing Up Today Study. In 2001, 2003, and 2005 (spanning ages 15-20 years), participants reported sexual orientation, past-year desire for toned/defined muscles and concerns with weight and shape, and past-ye…
Eating-related pathology at the intersection of gender identity and expression, sexual orientation, and weight status
At the intersection of sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and cervical cancer screening
Developmental Latent Patterns of Identification as Mostly Heterosexual Versus Lesbian, Gay, or Bisexual
Scant research exists on the development of mostly heterosexual identity, the largest sexual orientation minority subgroup. We used longitudinal latent class analysis to characterize the patterns of identification with lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB), or mostly heterosexual identities from ages 12 to 23 in 13,859 youth (57% female) in a U.S. national cohort. Three classes emerged: completely heterosexual (88.2%), mostly heterosexual (9.5%), and LGB …
Reconceptualizing the Measurement of Multiracial Status for Health Research in the United States
The assessment of multiracial status in U.S. health research is fraught with challenges that limit our ability to enumerate and study this population. This paper reconceptualizes the assessment of multiracial status through the development of a model with three dimensions: mixed ancestry multiracial status, self-identified multiracial status, and socially assigned multiracial status. We present challenges to studying multiracial populations and p…
Associations of Timing of Sexual Orientation Developmental Milestones and Other Sexual Minority Stressors with Internalizing Mental Health Symptoms Among Sexual Minority Young Adults
I have to constantly prove to myself, to people, that I fit the bill
Disparities in Depressive Distress by Sexual Orientation in Emerging Adults
Sexual Orientation Disparities in Papanicolaou Test Use Among US Women
We investigated sexual orientation disparities in Papanicolaou screening among US women aged 21 to 44 years (n = 9581) in the 2006 to 2010 National Survey of Family Growth. The odds ratios for lesbian versus heterosexual women and women with no versus only male sexual partners were 0.40 and 0.32, respectively, and were attenuated after adjustment for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care indicators. Administering Papanicolaou tests through me…
Disclosure of Sexual Orientation and Behavior in the Nurses' Health Study II
Based on our experience, researchers may be encouraged to add questions on sexual orientation to large studies of women
Human Papillomavirus Risk Perceptions Among Young Adult Sexual Minority Cisgender Women and Nonbinary Individuals Assigned Female at Birth
Interventions providing sexual minority AFAB individuals with comprehensive, accurate and tailored information about HPV risk are needed
Health and Nutrient Content Claims in Food Advertisements on Hispanic and Mainstream Prime-time Television
Aids and Africa
It has been said that in Africa heterosexual intercourse is a documented mode of transmission of the AIDS virus, the implication being that it is just a matter of time before the disease will spread throughout the world in this manner. As with so many other medical reports, I would recommend this one be viewed with strong skepticism. Cultural differences must be taken into account.... [T]he data I gathered concerning heterosexual intercourse in A…
Fat, Loathing and Public Health
Youth Development
Dating violence among gay, lesbian, and bisexual adolescents
Relation Between Dieting and Weight Change Among Preadolescents and Adolescents
Objective. To assess whether dieting to control weight was associated with weight change among children and adolescents. Methods. A prospective study was conducted of 8203 girls and 6769 boys who were 9 to 14 years of age in 1996, were in an ongoing cohort study, and completed at least 2 annual questionnaires between 1996 and 1999. Dieting to control weight, binge eating, and dietary intake were assessed annually from 1996 through 1998 with instr…
Sexual Orientation, Health Risk Factors, and Physical Functioning in the Nurses' Health Study II
OBJECTIVES: To examine associations between sexual orientation and breast cancer risk factors, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, mental health status, and health-related functioning. METHODS: We compared participants in the Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII) reporting a lesbian or bisexual orientation with those reporting a heterosexual orientation, with heterosexuals serving as the reference group for all comparisons. Prevalence of health …
Clustering of Fast-Food Restaurants Around Schools
Objectives. We examined the concentration of fast food restaurants in areas proximal to schools to characterize school neighborhood food environments. Methods. We used geocoded databases of restaurant and school addresses to examine locational patterns of fast‐food restaurants and kindergartens and primary and secondary schools in Chicago. We used the bivariate K function statistical method to quantify the degree of clustering (spatial dependence…
Austin Et Al. Respond
We thank Spielman for commenting on our article and giving us an opportunity to continue the dialogue on methodological issues in studying food environments. In response to his point about network versus straight-line distances, we would like to note that in a related study, our research team found network and straight-line distances in Chicago to be highly correlated, and results did not differ when models were tested with network versus straigh…
Disclosure of Sexual Orientation and Behavior in the Nurses' Health Study II
Based on our experience, researchers may be encouraged to add questions on sexual orientation to large studies of women
Making Sense of Sexual Orientation Measures
OBJECTIVE: To carry out a study using cognitive processing interview methods to explore ways in which adolescents understand sexual orientation questions currently used on epidemiologic surveys. METHODS: In-depth, individual interviews were conducted to probe cognitive processes involved in answering four self-report survey questions assessing sexual identity, sexual attraction, and sex of sexual partners.A semi-structured interview guide was use…
Sexual Violence Victimization History and Sexual Risk Indicators in a Community-Based Urban Cohort of “Mostly Heterosexual” and Heterosexual Young Women
Objectives. We sought to examine sexual violence victimization in childhood and sexual risk indicators in young adulthood in a primarily Latina and Black cohort of “mostly heterosexual” and heterosexual women in the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). Methods. In 2000, a comprehensive survey that assessed sexual orientation, sexual risk indicators, and sexual abuse victimization was completed by 391 young women (aged 18…
Health and Nutrient Content Claims in Food Advertisements on Hispanic and Mainstream Prime-time Television
Body satisfaction and body weight
Insight into the unique relationships between body satisfaction and BMI experienced by prepubescent children, males, and populations diverse in parental education and geographic location may help to inform public health initiatives designed to improve weight-related behaviors and reduce overweight in children
Sexual orientation and drug use in a longitudinal cohort study of U.S. adolescents
The Health and Health Care of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adolescents
Adolescents face a variety of challenges in their transition to adulthood; lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents face these typical challenges as well as additional challenges that are related to the social stigma of their sexual orientation. For some lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents, this stigma may induce psychosocial stress, leading to increased health risk behaviors and poorer health outcomes. In this article, we review data on the hea…
Sexual Orientation and Bullying Among Adolescents in the Growing Up Today Study
Socially Assigned Gender Nonconformity
Pervasive Trauma Exposure Among US Sexual Orientation Minority Adults and Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Objectives. We assessed sexual orientation disparities in exposure to violence and other potentially traumatic events and onset of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a representative US sample. Methods. We used data from 34 653 noninstitutionalized adult US residents from the 2004 to 2005 wave of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Results. Lesbians and gay men, bisexuals, and heterosexuals who reported any s…
I didn't feel like any of those things were me
Recommendations are provided for improving procedures for collecting race and ethnicity data from youth in the USA
High Burden of Homelessness Among Sexual-Minority Adolescents
Objectives. We compared the prevalence of current homelessness among adolescents reporting a minority sexual orientation (lesbian/gay, bisexual, unsure, or heterosexual with same-sex sexual partners) with that among exclusively heterosexual adolescents. Methods. We combined data from the 2005 and 2007 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a representative sample of public school students in grades 9 though 12 (n = 6317). Results. Approximatel…
High Burden of Homelessness Among Sexual-Minority Adolescents
Objectives. We compared the prevalence of current homelessness among adolescents reporting a minority sexual orientation (lesbian/gay, bisexual, unsure, or heterosexual with same-sex sexual partners) with that among exclusively heterosexual adolescents. Methods. We combined data from the 2005 and 2007 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a representative sample of public school students in grades 9 though 12 (n = 6317). Results. Approximatel…
The Blind Spot in the Drive for Childhood Obesity Prevention
Public health attention to childhood obesity has increased in tandem with the growing epidemic, but despite this intense focus, successes in prevention have lagged far behind. There is a blind spot in our drive for childhood obesity prevention that prevents us from generating sufficiently broad solutions. Eating disorders and the constellation of perilous weight-control behaviors are in that blind spot. Evidence is mounting that obesity and eatin…
Stability and Change in Self-Reported Sexual Orientation Identity in Young People
Reconceptualizing the Measurement of Multiracial Status for Health Research in the United States
The assessment of multiracial status in U.S. health research is fraught with challenges that limit our ability to enumerate and study this population. This paper reconceptualizes the assessment of multiracial status through the development of a model with three dimensions: mixed ancestry multiracial status, self-identified multiracial status, and socially assigned multiracial status. We present challenges to studying multiracial populations and p…
Childhood Gender Nonconformity
OBJECTIVES: Childhood gender nonconformity has been associated with poorer relationships with parents, but it is unknown if childhood gender nonconformity is associated with childhood abuse or risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in youth. METHODS: We examined whether gender nonconformity before age 11 years was associated with childhood sexual, physical, and psychological abuse and lifetime risk of probable PTSD by using self-report ques…
Medicine (74 obras) · Psychology (67 obras) · Social Psychology (51 obras) · LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy (49 obras) · Sexual orientation (48 obras) · Demography (44 obras) · Clinical Psychology (40 obras) · Sociology (36 obras) · Environmental health (32 obras) · Sexual minority (29 obras)