Kathryn M M Nowotny
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3562052 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Kathryn M M Nowotny |
| NOMBRES | Kathryn M M |
| APELLIDO | Nowotny |
| FIRMA | NOWOTNY K M M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Miami |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6899-1440 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 42 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2009 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Assessment of Attitudes, Barriers, and Facilitators of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use Among Individuals Involved in the Criminal Legal System in the Southern U.S.
This qualitative study explores barriers to and facilitators of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among individuals involved in the criminal legal system (CLS) in the Southern U.S. Through in-depth interviews with 72 participants on probation or parole across Florida, Kentucky, and North Carolina, we identified five key themes: (1) depersonalization of HIV risk, where participants acknowledged PrEP's value but excluded themselves as candidates;…
“That's not who I am”
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective biomedical intervention for preventing HIV, yet uptake remains disproportionately low among individuals involved in the criminal legal system (CLS), particularly those under community supervision in the Southern United States. Multi-level stigma - including self, interpersonal, and structural stigma - has been identified as a significant barrier to PrEP awareness and acceptance. This study dra…
Structures of survival
Criminal legal system (CLS) involvement intersects syndemically with HIV, mental illness, substance use, and exposure to violence. Mass incarceration remains both a cause and consequence of racialized health inequities in the U.S. The post-release period is particularly vulnerable for people living with HIV (PLWH) who experience CLS involvement, underscoring the need for care models attuned to their structural and psychosocial contexts. This stud…
Multiple Disadvantage and Social Networks
Research consistently finds the disproportionate negative health impact of the criminal justice system on racial and ethnic minorities. Yet less is known about the underlying mechanisms of health care utilization during community reintegration. We contribute to the literature theoretically by integrating two perspectives: network theory of social capital and multiple disadvantage hypothesis and providing a more nuanced explanation of health servi…
Identifying racialized administrative and criminal legal burdens for obtaining gender-affirming identification documents among transgender groups
BACKGROUND: Identification documents like passports, driver’s licenses, and birth certificates are a cornerstone of citizenship and an important sociolegal determinant of health. Gender-affirming identification is a vital form of gender affirmation for many transgender people, preventing discrimination, stigma, and violence. The objective of this study was to document the administrative and criminal legal burdens for obtaining gender-affirming id…
Barriers, beliefs, and biomedical prevention
BACKGROUND: Peripregnant women who use drugs and are involved in the criminal legal system (CLS) face elevated risks of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition due to overlapping vulnerabilities, including sexual violence, structural instability, and limited access to preventive healthcare. The unique needs of this population are routinely overlooked in both clinical practice and research. This qualitative study explores peripregnant women…
Implementation of Peer-Led Seeking Safety for Women in Jail
Women are the fastest-growing segment of the incarcerated population and experience high rates of cumulative trauma exposure, mental illness, and PTSD. The aim of this study is to assess the implementation of a peer-led Seeking Safety (an evidence-based intervention for addressing trauma and addiction) pilot program for women in jail. Guided by principles from community-based participatory research and cooperative inquiry, participant surveys wer…
Antitransgender Legislation and Needs of Transgender Floridians, 2018–2024
Objectives. To document transgender Floridians’ service needs before and after antitransgender state legislation. Methods. We conducted descriptive and change point analyses of intake survey data collected by a transgender-led community-based organization in Florida from 701 clients who requested services between 2018 and 2024. Results. Findings show enrollment for services increased during the rise in antitransgender legislation, with pressing n…
Associations Between Sexual Minority Status, Hazardous Drinking, and Discrimination Experiences Among Criminal Legal-Involved Adults in the Southern PrEP Cohort (SPECS) Study
Objective Separately, individuals with criminal legal involvement (CLI) and those who identify as a sexual minority are at heightened risk for experiencing discrimination and engaging in hazardous alcohol use; however, little is known about the prevalence of these experiences and behaviors among sexual minority individuals who also have a history of CLI.Method We examined experiences of discrimination and hazardous alcohol use reported by individ…
HIV prevention and crack harm reduction using projection mapping in Mexico City
Objective: Crack cocaine use has increased rapidly throughout Mexico, along with rising HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among vulnerable groups. The Tirando Esquina: Interviniendo Muros de Salud (TE:IMS) project uses projection-mapping technology and is the first of its kind to reach and provide health education at an individual and community level to at-risk crack smoking populations in Mexico City. Setting: This intervention project …
Collateral consequences of Covid-19 for people on probation and parole
Context specific HIV risk
While Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is efficacious in preventing HIV, little is known about PrEP use among those on community supervision. The Southern Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Study (SPECS) investigates barriers and facilitators for PrEP initiation and use among adults on community supervision (e.g., probation, parole). Challenges to PrEP use in this setting are abundant. SPECS uses a mixed-methods sequential design, including a multi-site, pr…
Piloting a Flexible Solicited Diary Study With Marginalized Latina Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Little is known about the experiences of minority stress among Latina women who have sex with both women and men (WSWM), a sexual and gender minority group situated at the intersection of multiple marginalized identities. The current article presents an exploratory study aimed at addressing this knowledge gap. The research utilized a flexible diary-interview method (DIM) to investigate stress-related experiences among Mexican American WSWM residi…
Policy and public communication methods among U.S. state prisons during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic
Syndemic Profiles for HIV, Hepatitis C, and Sextually Transmitted Infections Among Mexican American Women Formerly Affiliated with Youth Street Gangs
Rethinking the Role of Jails Amid Covid-19
Rethinking the Role of Jails Amid COVID-19 Kathryn M. NowotnyPhD Affiliation Kathryn M. Nowotny is an Associate Professor at the University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, and a Public Voices Fellow with the OpEd Project. CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Kathryn M. Nowotny, Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Miami, 5205 University Drive, Merrick Building 120D, Coral Gables, FL 33146 (e-mail: [email protected]). Re…
Risk of Covid-19 infection among prison staff in the United States
Targeting staff for COVID-19 mitigation strategies is essential to protect the health of people who intersect with the correctional system and to flatten the curve in the surrounding communities
The Contribution of Prisons and Jails to US Racial Disparities During Covid-19
The Contribution of Prisons and Jails to US Racial Disparities During COVID-19 Kathryn M. Nowotny PhD, Zinzi Bailey ScD, and Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein PhD Affiliation Kathryn M. Nowotny is with the Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Zinzi Bailey is with the Division of Medical Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein is with the Department of Social Medicine and …
Incarceration as a Fundamental Social Cause of Health Inequalities
Although research has established the disproportionate health burdens among incarcerated persons, the literature has yet to identify a theoretical framework for outlining the harms of incarceration associated with pandemics. We advance the literature theoretically by arguing two points. First, we assert that incarceration is a potent structural driver of health inequalities that must be considered as a fundamental social cause of disease. To unde…
Covid-19 cases and testing in 53 prison systems
Prison Population Reductions and Covid-19
People in prison are particularly vulnerable to infectious disease due to close living conditions and the lack of protective equipment. As a result, public health professionals and prison administrators seek information to guide best practices and policy recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using latent profile analysis, we sought to characterize Texas prisons on levels of COVID-19 cases and deaths among incarcerated residents, and COVID…
Covid-19 Exposes Need for Progressive Criminal Justice Reform
COVID-19 Exposes Need for Progressive Criminal Justice Reform possible.Immediate action will have a positive impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19 and should become standard practice to alleviate the health harms caused by mass incarceration
Training the Next Generation of Researchers Dedicated to Improving Health Outcomes for Justice-Involved Populations
Incarceration Rates and Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in US Counties, 2011–2016
Objectives. To examine rates of sexually transmitted infections as a function of jail and prison incarceration rates across US counties for the years 2011 to 2016. Methods. We used data from several national databases. The outcomes were county-level chlamydia and gonorrhea incidence as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012–2016). The exposures were lagged specifications of county-level jail and prison incarceration rate…
Institutional distrust among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men as a barrier to accessing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
Populations at highest risk for acquiring HIV are more likely to pass through criminal justice (CJ) settings, and CJ-involved individuals are often at the intersection of multiple overlapping risk factors. The present study explored interest in, knowledge of, and barriers to PrEP uptake among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men involved in the criminal justice system. Using semi-structured interviews, 26 participants who identified…
Health and Justice
There has been growing interest in improving the health of Black men and the social determinants of health affecting them. In this paper, we argue that incarceration is an important social determinant of health in contemporary U.S. society for Black men and their families. Mass incarceration has deleterious health effects for those directly affected by it (the incarcerated), and mass incarceration contaminates the communities where it is geograph…
An Ethnography of Emerging Latino Music Scenes
We report on an ethnographic study of three emerging scenes in which Latino music is produced, performed, experienced, and celebrated in Houston, Texas: rock en Espanol, gay Latino dance music, and professional soccer supporters' music. Music is an important feature of Latino culture, since it informs migration, citizenship, spirituality, and other aspects of the contemporary Latino experience. Three interactionist concepts inform this study. The…
The Contribution of Prisons and Jails to US Racial Disparities During Covid-19
The Contribution of Prisons and Jails to US Racial Disparities During COVID-19 Kathryn M. Nowotny PhD, Zinzi Bailey ScD, and Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein PhD Affiliation Kathryn M. Nowotny is with the Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Zinzi Bailey is with the Division of Medical Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein is with the Department of Social Medicine and …
Covid-19 Exposes Need for Progressive Criminal Justice Reform
COVID-19 Exposes Need for Progressive Criminal Justice Reform possible.Immediate action will have a positive impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19 and should become standard practice to alleviate the health harms caused by mass incarceration
Incarceration as a Fundamental Social Cause of Health Inequalities
Although research has established the disproportionate health burdens among incarcerated persons, the literature has yet to identify a theoretical framework for outlining the harms of incarceration associated with pandemics. We advance the literature theoretically by arguing two points. First, we assert that incarceration is a potent structural driver of health inequalities that must be considered as a fundamental social cause of disease. To unde…
Prison Population Reductions and Covid-19
People in prison are particularly vulnerable to infectious disease due to close living conditions and the lack of protective equipment. As a result, public health professionals and prison administrators seek information to guide best practices and policy recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using latent profile analysis, we sought to characterize Texas prisons on levels of COVID-19 cases and deaths among incarcerated residents, and COVID…
Gendered Contexts
We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (13,186 respondents in 30 states) to develop a unique state-level measure of the gendered context in order to examine the influence of gender normative attitudes and behaviors on state rates of suicidal ideation and individual-level suicidal ideation for female and male youth (ages 13 to 22). The findings demonstrate the negative consequences for youth, especially females who r…
Growing Old Behind Bars
This study demonstrates the complexity of health for elderly inmates. Prison health should continue to be monitored to aid correctional and community health programs in understanding clinical risks, exposures, and health care needs for this population
A Border Context of Violence
Female sex workers (FSW) represent a population confronted with an array of intersecting social problems. We explore the case of FSW in Nuevo Laredo and Ciudad Juarez to understand the everyday violence associated with sex work within the unique context of Mexico. Life history interviews were conducted with 109 FSW revealing violent acts by clients and other sex industry employees (bar owners, police, other FSW). The risk of violence by different…
Piloting a Flexible Solicited Diary Study With Marginalized Latina Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Little is known about the experiences of minority stress among Latina women who have sex with both women and men (WSWM), a sexual and gender minority group situated at the intersection of multiple marginalized identities. The current article presents an exploratory study aimed at addressing this knowledge gap. The research utilized a flexible diary-interview method (DIM) to investigate stress-related experiences among Mexican American WSWM residi…
Incarceration Rates and Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in US Counties, 2011–2016
Objectives. To examine rates of sexually transmitted infections as a function of jail and prison incarceration rates across US counties for the years 2011 to 2016. Methods. We used data from several national databases. The outcomes were county-level chlamydia and gonorrhea incidence as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012–2016). The exposures were lagged specifications of county-level jail and prison incarceration rate…
Training the Next Generation of Researchers Dedicated to Improving Health Outcomes for Justice-Involved Populations
Interpersonal Partner Relationships, Bonds to Children, and Informal Social Control among Persistent Male Offenders
This qualitative study applied a life course framework to characterize the nature of interpersonal partner relationships of Mexican American young adult men affiliated with street gangs during their adolescence. Data come from a 15-year longitudinal mixed-method cohort study conducted in San Antonio, Texas. We analyzed semi-structured interviews conducted with a subsample (n = 40) during the course of three face-to-face sessions to explore the me…
Trajectories of Aging Long-Term Mexican American Heroin Injectors
Results highlight the implications for the intersection of heroin-related conditions, natural age-related impairments, and cognitive functioning that make this population increasingly susceptible to adverse health consequences
Changing Patterns of Tobacco and Alcohol Co-Use by Gender in the United States, 1976-2010
BACKGROUND: Smoking is a serious health concern both globally and in the U.S. Because drinking amplifies the negative health effects of smoking, the high association of these behaviors is an additional source of population morbidity. However, very little is known about trends in the co-use of smoking and drinking over time. OBJECTIVE: of smoking and drinking from trends in their marginal distributions. METHODS: graders from 1976 to 2010 in the Mo…
An Ethnography of Emerging Latino Music Scenes
We report on an ethnographic study of three emerging scenes in which Latino music is produced, performed, experienced, and celebrated in Houston, Texas: rock en Espanol, gay Latino dance music, and professional soccer supporters' music. Music is an important feature of Latino culture, since it informs migration, citizenship, spirituality, and other aspects of the contemporary Latino experience. Three interactionist concepts inform this study. The…
Changing Patterns of Tobacco and Alcohol Co-Use by Gender in the United States, 1976-2010
BACKGROUND: Smoking is a serious health concern both globally and in the U.S. Because drinking amplifies the negative health effects of smoking, the high association of these behaviors is an additional source of population morbidity. However, very little is known about trends in the co-use of smoking and drinking over time. OBJECTIVE: of smoking and drinking from trends in their marginal distributions. METHODS: graders from 1976 to 2010 in the Mo…
A Border Context of Violence
Female sex workers (FSW) represent a population confronted with an array of intersecting social problems. We explore the case of FSW in Nuevo Laredo and Ciudad Juarez to understand the everyday violence associated with sex work within the unique context of Mexico. Life history interviews were conducted with 109 FSW revealing violent acts by clients and other sex industry employees (bar owners, police, other FSW). The risk of violence by different…
Injecting Drug Use Among Mexican Female Sex Workers on the US-Mexico Border
Both injecting drug users (IDU) and sex workers are at great risk of contracting and transmitting HIV. Therefore, IDU sex workers could be at especially high risk. The recent increase of HIV infection in Mexico has caused increased attention to sex work. We identify the correlates of injecting drug use including socio-demographic, work history, and sexual and non-injecting drug use risk behaviors among Mexican female sex workers. There is a high …
Emerging patterns of crack use in Mexico City
Growing Old Behind Bars
This study demonstrates the complexity of health for elderly inmates. Prison health should continue to be monitored to aid correctional and community health programs in understanding clinical risks, exposures, and health care needs for this population
Trajectories of Aging Long-Term Mexican American Heroin Injectors
Results highlight the implications for the intersection of heroin-related conditions, natural age-related impairments, and cognitive functioning that make this population increasingly susceptible to adverse health consequences
Gendered Contexts
We use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (13,186 respondents in 30 states) to develop a unique state-level measure of the gendered context in order to examine the influence of gender normative attitudes and behaviors on state rates of suicidal ideation and individual-level suicidal ideation for female and male youth (ages 13 to 22). The findings demonstrate the negative consequences for youth, especially females who r…
The relationship between education and health among incarcerated men and women in the United States
The generalization of the education-health association among prisoners further highlights the fundamental nature of education as a health promotive resource. Discussed are the implications for the education-health literature in general and health promotion efforts among incarcerated adults specifically
Un Jalón, Un Volteón, y Otra Vez
During the past decade, crack smoking has increased in Mexico among poor urban populations. Despite this increasing prevalence, little is known about the types of paraphernalia used and related sharing practices and physical harms. Data come from in-depth semi-structured interviews and observations with 156 current crack smokers in Mexico City. Findings reveal a complex, crack-smoking process in Mexico City that represents an interconnected struc…
Health care needs and service use among male prison inmates in the United States
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to apply Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Service Use to men's prisons to assess the direct and indirect effects of inmate predisposing characteristics through multiple types of need. Also examined are the effects of prison-specific enabling factors and the variation in use of health services across prisons. This study uses a nationally representative U.S. sample of men incarcerated in state prisons (…
HIV and STI knowledge, testing, and risk among adult crack users in Mexico city
Recent research has documented crack cocaine's increasing spread in Mexico, which is likely to contribute to the rapid transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In Mexico, crack use is increasing most rapidly in vulnerable, hard-to-reach populations, where little is known about risk behaviors. This report aims to present baseline data regarding HIV and STI knowledge and testing prevalence from an innovative projection …
Racial disparities in health conditions among prisoners compared with the general population
This paper compares black-white health disparities among state prisoners to disparities in the noninstitutionalized community to provide a more complete portrait of the nation's heath. We use data from the 2004 Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities and the 2002 and 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for incarcerated and noninstitutionalized adult (aged 18 to 65) men and women, respectively. Health dispa…
Behavioral, Psychological, Gender, and Health Service Correlates to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection among Young Adult Mexican-American Women Living in a Disadvantaged Community
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is among the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections in the United States. Despite this, there has been limited research on the correlates to HSV-2 among disadvantaged and marginalized women, particularly among Latinas. Data for the present analysis include 125 young adult Mexican-American women enrolled in a longitudinal study in a disadvantaged urban community in San Antonio, Texas. The current rate of…
Health and Justice
There has been growing interest in improving the health of Black men and the social determinants of health affecting them. In this paper, we argue that incarceration is an important social determinant of health in contemporary U.S. society for Black men and their families. Mass incarceration has deleterious health effects for those directly affected by it (the incarcerated), and mass incarceration contaminates the communities where it is geograph…
Institutional distrust among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men as a barrier to accessing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
Populations at highest risk for acquiring HIV are more likely to pass through criminal justice (CJ) settings, and CJ-involved individuals are often at the intersection of multiple overlapping risk factors. The present study explored interest in, knowledge of, and barriers to PrEP uptake among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men involved in the criminal justice system. Using semi-structured interviews, 26 participants who identified…
Criminal Justice Contact and Health Service Utilization among Women across Health Care Settings
Interpersonal Partner Relationships, Bonds to Children, and Informal Social Control among Persistent Male Offenders
This qualitative study applied a life course framework to characterize the nature of interpersonal partner relationships of Mexican American young adult men affiliated with street gangs during their adolescence. Data come from a 15-year longitudinal mixed-method cohort study conducted in San Antonio, Texas. We analyzed semi-structured interviews conducted with a subsample (n = 40) during the course of three face-to-face sessions to explore the me…
Covid-19 cases and testing in 53 prison systems
Prison Population Reductions and Covid-19
People in prison are particularly vulnerable to infectious disease due to close living conditions and the lack of protective equipment. As a result, public health professionals and prison administrators seek information to guide best practices and policy recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using latent profile analysis, we sought to characterize Texas prisons on levels of COVID-19 cases and deaths among incarcerated residents, and COVID…
Covid-19 Exposes Need for Progressive Criminal Justice Reform
COVID-19 Exposes Need for Progressive Criminal Justice Reform possible.Immediate action will have a positive impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19 and should become standard practice to alleviate the health harms caused by mass incarceration
Training the Next Generation of Researchers Dedicated to Improving Health Outcomes for Justice-Involved Populations
Incarceration Rates and Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in US Counties, 2011–2016
Objectives. To examine rates of sexually transmitted infections as a function of jail and prison incarceration rates across US counties for the years 2011 to 2016. Methods. We used data from several national databases. The outcomes were county-level chlamydia and gonorrhea incidence as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012–2016). The exposures were lagged specifications of county-level jail and prison incarceration rate…
Risk of Covid-19 infection among prison staff in the United States
Targeting staff for COVID-19 mitigation strategies is essential to protect the health of people who intersect with the correctional system and to flatten the curve in the surrounding communities
The Contribution of Prisons and Jails to US Racial Disparities During Covid-19
The Contribution of Prisons and Jails to US Racial Disparities During COVID-19 Kathryn M. Nowotny PhD, Zinzi Bailey ScD, and Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein PhD Affiliation Kathryn M. Nowotny is with the Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL. Zinzi Bailey is with the Division of Medical Oncology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein is with the Department of Social Medicine and …
Medicine (31 obras) · Psychology (27 obras) · Environmental health (22 obras) · Public health (20 obras) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (19 obras) · Criminology (18 obras) · Political science (17 obras) · Sociology (16 obras) · Homelessness and Social Issues (14 obras) · Population (13 obras)