Sharon Schwartz
Biographic Data
| ID | 3582183 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sharon Schwartz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sharon |
| FAMILY NAME | Schwartz |
| SIGNATURE | SCHWARTZ S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1707-0016 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 523 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2016 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Weighing the evidence for harm from long-term treatment with antipsychotic medications: A systematic review
Research findings supporting the use of antipsychotic medication for acute treatment of schizophrenia are relatively consistent and undisputed. However, the rationale for recommending long-term antipsychotic medication treatment-the current standard of care treatment strategy-is unclear. A controversial hypothesis proposed recently suggests people with schizophrenia who are exposed to long-term treatment with antipsychotic medications have worse …
Social support networks among diverse sexual minority populations
This article reports a study of the function and composition of social support networks among diverse lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) men and women (n = 396) in comparison to their heterosexual peers (n = 128). Data were collected using a structured social support network matrix in a community sample recruited in New York City. Our findings show that gay and bisexual men may rely on "chosen families" more than lesbian and bisexual women. Both he…
Is the "well-defined intervention assumption" politically conservative
J. Anderson Thomson Jr. and Clare Aukofer: Why We Believe in God(s): A Concise Guide to the Science of Faith
Increased Risk of Suicide Attempts Among Black and Latino Lesbians, Gay Men, and Bisexuals
Members of racial/ethnic minority groups have a lower lifetime prevalence than have Whites of mental disorders, a risk factor for suicide attempts; paradoxically, however, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) ethnic minority youths may be at increased risk for suicide attempts relative to White LGB youths. We found that the increased risk of suicide attempts among racial/ethnic minority LGB respondents in our sample relative to White respondents was …
Reflections on the stress model: A response to Turner
Mental health disparities research: The impact of within and between group analyses on tests of social stress hypotheses
Lifetime Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Suicide Attempts in Diverse Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Populations
Past studies have reported little about variability in mental disorders among lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals. We assessed the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 388 lesbian, gay, and bisexual Black, Latino, and White individuals. Black lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals had lower prevalence of all disorders than did Latino and White individuals; younger cohorts had fewer mood disorders than did older cohorts; bisexual pe…
Social patterning of stress and coping: Does disadvantaged social statuses confer more stress and fewer coping resources
Distinguishing distress from disorder as psychological outcomes of stressful social arrangements: Can We and Should We
Outcomes for the Sociology of Mental Health: Are We Meeting Our Goals
In this paper I argue that a fruitful discussion of the choice of outcomes in the sociological study of the social antecedents of mental health problems would benefit from a consideration of the goals that we are trying to achieve. The most clearly articulated goal is that of uncovering those aspects of society that produce harm. I examine the premises of the current conceptual framework--the stress paradigm--in light of its ability to fulfill th…
Relationship of Depressive Symptoms to Hypertension in a Household Survey in Harlem
OBJECTIVE: Two possible explanations for an hypothesized association between depression and hypertension were examined: (1) shared stress-related risk factors are associated with both depression and hypertension and (2) life-style factors associated with depression lead to hypertension. METHODS: A predominantly black sample of 695 adults were interviewed in the Harlem Household Survey. Two measures of hypertension were used and compared-1) self-r…
The right answer for the wrong question: Consequences of type III error for public health research
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the impact of assessing the causes of interindividual variation within a population when the research question of interest is about causes of differences between populations or time periods. This discrepancy between the research focus and the research question is referred to as a type III error, one that provides the right answer for the wrong question. METHODS: Homelessness, obesity, and infant mortality were used…
Public knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about homeless people: Evidence for compassion fatigue
Media reports suggest that the public is becoming impatient with the homeless—that so‐called “compassion fatigue” has gripped the nation. This characterization of public sentiment could have important policy consequences—restrictive measures can be justified by growing public impatience, and progressive housing policies seem infeasible within a hostile climate of opinion. But evidence to support the compassion fatigue notion is anecdotal. We exam…
The fallacy of the ecological fallacy: The potential misuse of a concept and the consequences
Ecological studies have been evaluated in epidemiological contexts in terms of the "ecological fallacy." Although the empirical evidence for a lack of comparability between correlations derived from ecological- and individual-level analyses is compelling, the conceptual meaning of the ecological fallacy remains problematic. This paper argues that issues in cross-level inference can be usefully conceptualized as validity problems, problems not pec…
Nongenetic Familial Transmission of Psychiatric Disorders? Evidence from Children of Holocaust Survivors
There is considerable evidence that psychiatric disorders aggregate in families, a phenomenon for which both genetic and nongenetic explanations have been proposed. However, since genetic and social inheritance usually co-occur, it is difficult to separate out their effects. In this paper, we argue that examining the rates of disorder among children of Holocaust survivors provides a special situation where genetic and nongenetic factors in famili…
Socioeconomic Status and Psychiatric Disorders: The Causation-Selection Issue
Are inverse relations between psychiatric disorders and socioeconomic status due more to social causation (adversity and stress) or social selection (downward mobility of genetically predisposed)? This classical epidemiological issue is tested by focusing on ethnic status in relation to socioeconomic status. Ethnic status cannot be an effect of disorder because it is present at birth whereas socioeconomic status depends on educational and occupat…
Separating Class and Ethnic Prejudice: A Study of North African and European Jews in Israel
The coincidence of minority ethnic status and low socioeconomic status makes it difficult to separate class and ethnic prejudice. We have designed a survey experiment in which class, ethnicity, and other relevant factors could be experimentally manipulated, separated, and controlled. Using a sample of first-generation Israeli Jews of North African and European parentage, this experiment shows that ethnicity influences the desire for social distan…
Women and depression: A Durkheimian perspective
Sex differences in mental disorder rates have been examined from two opposing perspectives. One of these suggests that women have higher rates due to sex role related stress [1. Am. J. Sociol. 78, 812, 1972; 2. Gender and Disordered Behavior, p. 23. Brunner/Mazel, New York, 1979]. The other holds that women do not have generally higher rates than men but rather that they manifest different types of psychiatric disorders [3. A. Rev. Psychiat. 25, …
Social patterning of stress and coping: Does disadvantaged social statuses confer more stress and fewer coping resources
The fallacy of the ecological fallacy: The potential misuse of a concept and the consequences
Ecological studies have been evaluated in epidemiological contexts in terms of the "ecological fallacy." Although the empirical evidence for a lack of comparability between correlations derived from ecological- and individual-level analyses is compelling, the conceptual meaning of the ecological fallacy remains problematic. This paper argues that issues in cross-level inference can be usefully conceptualized as validity problems, problems not pec…
Mental health disparities research: The impact of within and between group analyses on tests of social stress hypotheses
Lifetime Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Suicide Attempts in Diverse Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Populations
Past studies have reported little about variability in mental disorders among lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals. We assessed the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 388 lesbian, gay, and bisexual Black, Latino, and White individuals. Black lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals had lower prevalence of all disorders than did Latino and White individuals; younger cohorts had fewer mood disorders than did older cohorts; bisexual pe…
The right answer for the wrong question: Consequences of type III error for public health research
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the impact of assessing the causes of interindividual variation within a population when the research question of interest is about causes of differences between populations or time periods. This discrepancy between the research focus and the research question is referred to as a type III error, one that provides the right answer for the wrong question. METHODS: Homelessness, obesity, and infant mortality were used…
Public knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about homeless people: Evidence for compassion fatigue
Media reports suggest that the public is becoming impatient with the homeless—that so‐called “compassion fatigue” has gripped the nation. This characterization of public sentiment could have important policy consequences—restrictive measures can be justified by growing public impatience, and progressive housing policies seem infeasible within a hostile climate of opinion. But evidence to support the compassion fatigue notion is anecdotal. We exam…
Increased Risk of Suicide Attempts Among Black and Latino Lesbians, Gay Men, and Bisexuals
Members of racial/ethnic minority groups have a lower lifetime prevalence than have Whites of mental disorders, a risk factor for suicide attempts; paradoxically, however, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) ethnic minority youths may be at increased risk for suicide attempts relative to White LGB youths. We found that the increased risk of suicide attempts among racial/ethnic minority LGB respondents in our sample relative to White respondents was …
Is the "well-defined intervention assumption" politically conservative
Outcomes for the Sociology of Mental Health: Are We Meeting Our Goals
In this paper I argue that a fruitful discussion of the choice of outcomes in the sociological study of the social antecedents of mental health problems would benefit from a consideration of the goals that we are trying to achieve. The most clearly articulated goal is that of uncovering those aspects of society that produce harm. I examine the premises of the current conceptual framework--the stress paradigm--in light of its ability to fulfill th…
Women and depression: A Durkheimian perspective
Sex differences in mental disorder rates have been examined from two opposing perspectives. One of these suggests that women have higher rates due to sex role related stress [1. Am. J. Sociol. 78, 812, 1972; 2. Gender and Disordered Behavior, p. 23. Brunner/Mazel, New York, 1979]. The other holds that women do not have generally higher rates than men but rather that they manifest different types of psychiatric disorders [3. A. Rev. Psychiat. 25, …
Separating Class and Ethnic Prejudice: A Study of North African and European Jews in Israel
The coincidence of minority ethnic status and low socioeconomic status makes it difficult to separate class and ethnic prejudice. We have designed a survey experiment in which class, ethnicity, and other relevant factors could be experimentally manipulated, separated, and controlled. Using a sample of first-generation Israeli Jews of North African and European parentage, this experiment shows that ethnicity influences the desire for social distan…
Nongenetic Familial Transmission of Psychiatric Disorders? Evidence from Children of Holocaust Survivors
There is considerable evidence that psychiatric disorders aggregate in families, a phenomenon for which both genetic and nongenetic explanations have been proposed. However, since genetic and social inheritance usually co-occur, it is difficult to separate out their effects. In this paper, we argue that examining the rates of disorder among children of Holocaust survivors provides a special situation where genetic and nongenetic factors in famili…
Separating Class and Ethnic Prejudice: A Study of North African and European Jews in Israel
The coincidence of minority ethnic status and low socioeconomic status makes it difficult to separate class and ethnic prejudice. We have designed a survey experiment in which class, ethnicity, and other relevant factors could be experimentally manipulated, separated, and controlled. Using a sample of first-generation Israeli Jews of North African and European parentage, this experiment shows that ethnicity influences the desire for social distan…
Women and depression: A Durkheimian perspective
Sex differences in mental disorder rates have been examined from two opposing perspectives. One of these suggests that women have higher rates due to sex role related stress [1. Am. J. Sociol. 78, 812, 1972; 2. Gender and Disordered Behavior, p. 23. Brunner/Mazel, New York, 1979]. The other holds that women do not have generally higher rates than men but rather that they manifest different types of psychiatric disorders [3. A. Rev. Psychiat. 25, …
Socioeconomic Status and Psychiatric Disorders: The Causation-Selection Issue
Are inverse relations between psychiatric disorders and socioeconomic status due more to social causation (adversity and stress) or social selection (downward mobility of genetically predisposed)? This classical epidemiological issue is tested by focusing on ethnic status in relation to socioeconomic status. Ethnic status cannot be an effect of disorder because it is present at birth whereas socioeconomic status depends on educational and occupat…
The fallacy of the ecological fallacy: The potential misuse of a concept and the consequences
Ecological studies have been evaluated in epidemiological contexts in terms of the "ecological fallacy." Although the empirical evidence for a lack of comparability between correlations derived from ecological- and individual-level analyses is compelling, the conceptual meaning of the ecological fallacy remains problematic. This paper argues that issues in cross-level inference can be usefully conceptualized as validity problems, problems not pec…
Nongenetic Familial Transmission of Psychiatric Disorders? Evidence from Children of Holocaust Survivors
There is considerable evidence that psychiatric disorders aggregate in families, a phenomenon for which both genetic and nongenetic explanations have been proposed. However, since genetic and social inheritance usually co-occur, it is difficult to separate out their effects. In this paper, we argue that examining the rates of disorder among children of Holocaust survivors provides a special situation where genetic and nongenetic factors in famili…
Public knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about homeless people: Evidence for compassion fatigue
Media reports suggest that the public is becoming impatient with the homeless—that so‐called “compassion fatigue” has gripped the nation. This characterization of public sentiment could have important policy consequences—restrictive measures can be justified by growing public impatience, and progressive housing policies seem infeasible within a hostile climate of opinion. But evidence to support the compassion fatigue notion is anecdotal. We exam…
The right answer for the wrong question: Consequences of type III error for public health research
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the impact of assessing the causes of interindividual variation within a population when the research question of interest is about causes of differences between populations or time periods. This discrepancy between the research focus and the research question is referred to as a type III error, one that provides the right answer for the wrong question. METHODS: Homelessness, obesity, and infant mortality were used…
Relationship of Depressive Symptoms to Hypertension in a Household Survey in Harlem
OBJECTIVE: Two possible explanations for an hypothesized association between depression and hypertension were examined: (1) shared stress-related risk factors are associated with both depression and hypertension and (2) life-style factors associated with depression lead to hypertension. METHODS: A predominantly black sample of 695 adults were interviewed in the Harlem Household Survey. Two measures of hypertension were used and compared-1) self-r…
Outcomes for the Sociology of Mental Health: Are We Meeting Our Goals
In this paper I argue that a fruitful discussion of the choice of outcomes in the sociological study of the social antecedents of mental health problems would benefit from a consideration of the goals that we are trying to achieve. The most clearly articulated goal is that of uncovering those aspects of society that produce harm. I examine the premises of the current conceptual framework--the stress paradigm--in light of its ability to fulfill th…
Distinguishing distress from disorder as psychological outcomes of stressful social arrangements: Can We and Should We
Lifetime Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Suicide Attempts in Diverse Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Populations
Past studies have reported little about variability in mental disorders among lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals. We assessed the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 388 lesbian, gay, and bisexual Black, Latino, and White individuals. Black lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals had lower prevalence of all disorders than did Latino and White individuals; younger cohorts had fewer mood disorders than did older cohorts; bisexual pe…
Social patterning of stress and coping: Does disadvantaged social statuses confer more stress and fewer coping resources
Reflections on the stress model: A response to Turner
Mental health disparities research: The impact of within and between group analyses on tests of social stress hypotheses
Increased Risk of Suicide Attempts Among Black and Latino Lesbians, Gay Men, and Bisexuals
Members of racial/ethnic minority groups have a lower lifetime prevalence than have Whites of mental disorders, a risk factor for suicide attempts; paradoxically, however, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) ethnic minority youths may be at increased risk for suicide attempts relative to White LGB youths. We found that the increased risk of suicide attempts among racial/ethnic minority LGB respondents in our sample relative to White respondents was …
J. Anderson Thomson Jr. and Clare Aukofer: Why We Believe in God(s): A Concise Guide to the Science of Faith
Weighing the evidence for harm from long-term treatment with antipsychotic medications: A systematic review
Research findings supporting the use of antipsychotic medication for acute treatment of schizophrenia are relatively consistent and undisputed. However, the rationale for recommending long-term antipsychotic medication treatment-the current standard of care treatment strategy-is unclear. A controversial hypothesis proposed recently suggests people with schizophrenia who are exposed to long-term treatment with antipsychotic medications have worse …
Social support networks among diverse sexual minority populations
This article reports a study of the function and composition of social support networks among diverse lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) men and women (n = 396) in comparison to their heterosexual peers (n = 128). Data were collected using a structured social support network matrix in a community sample recruited in New York City. Our findings show that gay and bisexual men may rely on "chosen families" more than lesbian and bisexual women. Both he…
Is the "well-defined intervention assumption" politically conservative
Psychology (17 works) · Medicine (12 works) · Psychiatry (9 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Clinical Psychology (7 works) · Political science (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Ethnic group (5 works) · Mental health (5 works) · Public health (5 works)