Judith A Long
Biographic Data
| ID | 3582643 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Judith A Long |
| GIVEN NAMES | Judith A |
| FAMILY NAME | Long |
| SIGNATURE | LONG J A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Pennsylvania |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4748-181X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 81 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing a Multicomponent Dementia Caregiver Program in a Complex Healthcare System
The Tailored Activity Program (TAP), an intervention for people living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers, has been shown to reduce behavioral symptoms for PLWD and caregiver burden. While TAP is proven as an evidence-based practice (EBP), it has yet to be implemented at scale. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has prioritized the Age-Friendly Health System (AFHS) initiative, providing an opportunity to test implementation of TAP in …
Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Differences in Methadone-Involved Overdose Deaths Before and After the US Federal Policy Change Expanding Take-home Methadone Doses
In this interrupted time series study of monthly methadone-involved overdose deaths, the take-home policy may have helped reduce deaths for Black and Hispanic men but had no association with deaths of Black or Hispanic women or White men or women
Adult hospitalizations from immigration detention in Louisiana and Texas, 2015–2018
Poor health conditions within immigration detention facilities have attracted significant concerns from policymakers and activists alike. There is no systematic data on the causes of hospitalizations from immigration detention facilities or their relative morbidity. The objective of this study, therefore, was to analyze the causes of hospitalizations from immigration detention facilities, as well as the percentage of hospitalizations necessitatin…
Pathways to Abortion at a Tertiary Care Hospital: Examining Obesity and Delays
Future research is needed to determine whether obese women seeking abortions are being referred despite evidence that they do not require hospital-based care. If obese women are suffering delays because of referral, strategies to help overcome delay should also be explored
Why Effective Interventions Do Not Work for All Patients: Exploring Variation in Response to a Chronic Disease Management Intervention
BACKGROUND: Half of all Americans have a chronic disease. Promoting healthy behaviors to decrease this burden is a national priority. A number of behavioral interventions have proven efficacy; yet even the most effective of these has high levels of nonresponse. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we explore variation in response to an evidence-based community health worker (CHW) intervention for chronic disease management. RESEARCH DESIGN: We used a conve…
Improving Patient-centered Care: How Clinical Staff Overcome Barriers to Patient Engagement at the VHA
Participants understood the patient centered approach, despite experiencing a lack of resources and training and could push through solutions to patient engagement barriers while working within the limits of their settings
Community Health Worker Support for Disadvantaged Patients With Multiple Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Objectives. To determine whether a community health worker (CHW) intervention improved outcomes in a low-income population with multiple chronic conditions. Methods. We conducted a single-blind, randomized clinical trial in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2013–2014). Participants (n = 302) were high-poverty neighborhood residents, uninsured or publicly insured, and diagnosed with 2 or more chronic diseases (diabetes, obesity, tobacco dependence, hype…
African American Veterans Storytelling: A Multisite Randomized Trial to Improve Hypertension
BACKGROUND: Disparities in hypertension control persist for African American Veterans. OBJECTIVE: To enhance cultural relevance of hypertension control self-management education, in a multisite, stratified randomized trial, we tested an interactive Veteran-to-Veteran storytelling digital video disk (DVD) intervention created with Veteran partners, versus an education-only DVD comparison. METHODS: At 3 VA facilities, African American Veterans with…
Creating a Toolkit to Reduce Disparities in Patient Engagement
BACKGROUND: Patient engagement has become a major focus of health care improvement efforts nationally. Although evidence suggests patient engagement can be beneficial to patients, it has not been consistently defined, operationalized, or translated into practice. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to develop a toolkit to help providers increase patient engagement and reduce disparities in patient engagement. RESEARCH DESIGN: We used qualitative interv…
A Brief, Multifaceted, Generic Intervention to Improve Blood Pressure Control and Reduce Disparities Had Little Effect
More substantial or racial/ethnically tailored interventions are needed
Food insecurity, coping strategies and glucose control in low-income patients with diabetes
Objective To examine the relationship between food insecurity and coping strategies (actions taken to manage economic stress) hypothesized to worsen glucose control in patients with diabetes. Design Using a cross-sectional telephone survey and clinical data, we compared food-insecure and food-secure individuals in their use of coping strategies. Using logistic regression models, we then examined the association between poor glucose control (glyca…
Penn Center for Community Health Workers: Step-by-Step Approach to Sustain an Evidence-Based Community Health Worker Intervention at an Academic Medical Center
Community-engaged researchers who work with low-income communities can be reliant on grant funding. We use the illustrative case of the Penn Center for Community Health Workers (PCCHW) to describe a step-by-step framework for achieving financial sustainability for community-engaged research interventions. PCCHW began as a small grant-funded research project but followed an 8-step framework to engage both low-income patients and funders, determine…
Determining Chronic Disease Prevalence in Local Populations Using Emergency Department Surveillance
Objectives. We sought to improve public health surveillance by using a geographic analysis of emergency department (ED) visits to determine local chronic disease prevalence. Methods. Using an all-payer administrative database, we determined the proportion of unique ED patients with diabetes, hypertension, or asthma. We compared these rates to those determined by the New York City Community Health Survey. For diabetes prevalence, we also analyzed …
Preventive cancer screening practices in HIV-positive patients
As patients with HIV age, they are at risk of developing non-AIDS defining malignancies. We performed a questionnaire study to evaluate colorectal and breast cancer screening among HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients seeking care from either an integrated (HIV/primary care), nonintegrated (specialized HIV), or general internal medicine clinic between August 2010 and July 2011. We performed a logistic regression to determine the odds of cancer …
Colorectal cancer incidence and screening in US Medicaid patients with and without HIV infection
Non-AIDS defining malignancies, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), may be more prevalent among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Further, PLWH may be less likely to receive CRC screening (CRCS). We studied the epidemiology of CRC and CRCS patterns in PLWH and HIV-uninfected persons in a large US Medicaid population. We performed a matched cohort study examining CRC incidence in 2006 and CRCS between 1999 and 2007. Study participants were continu…
Prevalence and patterns of cooking dinner at home in the USA: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2008
Objective To measure the prevalence of cooking dinner at home in the USA and test whether home dinner preparation habits are associated with socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, country of birth and family structure. Design Cross-sectional analysis. The primary outcome, self-reported frequency of cooking dinner at home, was divided into three categories: 0–1 dinners cooked per week (‘never’), 2–5 (‘sometimes’) and 6–7 (‘always’). We used bivari…
Food Insecurity, Neighborhood Food Access, and Food Assistance in Philadelphia
US Veterans Use Vitamins and Supplements as Substitutes for Prescription Medication
BACKGROUND: Vitamins and supplements are the most commonly used form of complementary and alternative medicine in the United States. Growing research suggests that patients substitute vitamins and supplements for their prescription medications. The reasons might include cost of prescription medications and discordant patient and doctor health belief systems. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of substitution of vitamins and supplements for…
Impact of transitioning from HIV clinical trials to routine medical care on clinical outcomes and patient perceptions
Participation in antiretroviral therapy clinical trials (ART-RCTs) offers many advantages including access to new drugs, close monitoring, and cost savings. These same benefits may pose a risk to patients ending ART-RCTs and returning to routine care; as they may experience changes to their drug regimen, decreased monitoring, and new out-of-pocket costs. We aimed to evaluate this transition and determine its effects on viral outcomes and patient …
Perceived Influences on Diet Among Urban, Low-income African Americans
Strategies to improve dietary patterns in urban, low-income, African-American communities might make use of overall and age- and gender-specific perspectives from within the community we report
Promoters and Barriers to Fruit, Vegetable, and Fast-Food Consumption Among Urban, Low-Income African Americans—A Qualitative Approach
To identify promoters of and barriers to fruit, vegetable, and fast-food consumption, we interviewed low-income African Americans in Philadelphia. Salient promoters and barriers were distinct from each other and differed by food type: taste was a promoter and cost a barrier to all foods; convenience, cravings, and preferences promoted consumption of fast foods; health concerns promoted consumption of fruits and vegetables and avoidance of fast fo…
Eliminating Health Disparities Through Transdisciplinary Research, Cross-Agency Collaboration, and Public Participation
Despite efforts to the contrary, disparities in health and health care persist in the United States. To solve this problem, federal agencies representing different disciplines and perspectives are collaborating on a variety of transdisciplinary research initiatives. The most recent of these initiatives was launched in 2006 when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Office of Public Health Research and the Department of Health and Human…
Neighborhood racial composition, social capital and black all-cause mortality in Philadelphia
Distrust of the health care system and self-reported health in the United States
Changes in Veterans’ Use of Outpatient Care From 1992 to 2000
Objectives. During the mid-1990s, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reorganized and placed greater emphasis on high-quality primary care. To determine whether the reorganization was associated with changes in patterns of out-patient VHA use, we sought to evaluate changes in characteristics of veterans who use VHA outpatient services between 1992 and 2000. Methods. We merged 2 waves of the National Survey of Veterans to determine changes in…
Neighborhood racial composition, social capital and black all-cause mortality in Philadelphia
Promoters and Barriers to Fruit, Vegetable, and Fast-Food Consumption Among Urban, Low-Income African Americans—A Qualitative Approach
To identify promoters of and barriers to fruit, vegetable, and fast-food consumption, we interviewed low-income African Americans in Philadelphia. Salient promoters and barriers were distinct from each other and differed by food type: taste was a promoter and cost a barrier to all foods; convenience, cravings, and preferences promoted consumption of fast foods; health concerns promoted consumption of fruits and vegetables and avoidance of fast fo…
Community Health Worker Support for Disadvantaged Patients With Multiple Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Objectives. To determine whether a community health worker (CHW) intervention improved outcomes in a low-income population with multiple chronic conditions. Methods. We conducted a single-blind, randomized clinical trial in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2013–2014). Participants (n = 302) were high-poverty neighborhood residents, uninsured or publicly insured, and diagnosed with 2 or more chronic diseases (diabetes, obesity, tobacco dependence, hype…
Eliminating Health Disparities Through Transdisciplinary Research, Cross-Agency Collaboration, and Public Participation
Despite efforts to the contrary, disparities in health and health care persist in the United States. To solve this problem, federal agencies representing different disciplines and perspectives are collaborating on a variety of transdisciplinary research initiatives. The most recent of these initiatives was launched in 2006 when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Office of Public Health Research and the Department of Health and Human…
Food Insecurity, Neighborhood Food Access, and Food Assistance in Philadelphia
Changes in Veterans’ Use of Outpatient Care From 1992 to 2000
Objectives. During the mid-1990s, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reorganized and placed greater emphasis on high-quality primary care. To determine whether the reorganization was associated with changes in patterns of out-patient VHA use, we sought to evaluate changes in characteristics of veterans who use VHA outpatient services between 1992 and 2000. Methods. We merged 2 waves of the National Survey of Veterans to determine changes in…
Penn Center for Community Health Workers: Step-by-Step Approach to Sustain an Evidence-Based Community Health Worker Intervention at an Academic Medical Center
Community-engaged researchers who work with low-income communities can be reliant on grant funding. We use the illustrative case of the Penn Center for Community Health Workers (PCCHW) to describe a step-by-step framework for achieving financial sustainability for community-engaged research interventions. PCCHW began as a small grant-funded research project but followed an 8-step framework to engage both low-income patients and funders, determine…
Determining Chronic Disease Prevalence in Local Populations Using Emergency Department Surveillance
Objectives. We sought to improve public health surveillance by using a geographic analysis of emergency department (ED) visits to determine local chronic disease prevalence. Methods. Using an all-payer administrative database, we determined the proportion of unique ED patients with diabetes, hypertension, or asthma. We compared these rates to those determined by the New York City Community Health Survey. For diabetes prevalence, we also analyzed …
The Teaching of Constructed Responses in Language Therapy
Equal numbers of aphasic adults, deaf children, ages 9-10, and deaf adolescents, ages 13-17, were required to complete stems of sentences. The incomplete sentences were typed automatically in the presence of the individual subject who constructed the final word of each sentence, monitored and corrected letter by letter. The responses were 55 words, 11 of which were predicted on each of five test days. The responses were repeated four times daily …
Cross-Sectional versus Longitudinal Performance Assessments in the Management of Diabetes
BACKGROUND: Performance assessments help to quantify the level of adherence with practice standards and are often used to measure and compare the quality of care. However, most performance assessments are based on a cross-sectional analysis of patient information, whereas patient care is inherently longitudinal. This discordance could confound the relationship between the performance measure and the true quality of care. OBJECTIVE: The objective …
Changes in Veterans’ Use of Outpatient Care From 1992 to 2000
Objectives. During the mid-1990s, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reorganized and placed greater emphasis on high-quality primary care. To determine whether the reorganization was associated with changes in patterns of out-patient VHA use, we sought to evaluate changes in characteristics of veterans who use VHA outpatient services between 1992 and 2000. Methods. We merged 2 waves of the National Survey of Veterans to determine changes in…
Distrust of the health care system and self-reported health in the United States
Eliminating Health Disparities Through Transdisciplinary Research, Cross-Agency Collaboration, and Public Participation
Despite efforts to the contrary, disparities in health and health care persist in the United States. To solve this problem, federal agencies representing different disciplines and perspectives are collaborating on a variety of transdisciplinary research initiatives. The most recent of these initiatives was launched in 2006 when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Office of Public Health Research and the Department of Health and Human…
Neighborhood racial composition, social capital and black all-cause mortality in Philadelphia
Promoters and Barriers to Fruit, Vegetable, and Fast-Food Consumption Among Urban, Low-Income African Americans—A Qualitative Approach
To identify promoters of and barriers to fruit, vegetable, and fast-food consumption, we interviewed low-income African Americans in Philadelphia. Salient promoters and barriers were distinct from each other and differed by food type: taste was a promoter and cost a barrier to all foods; convenience, cravings, and preferences promoted consumption of fast foods; health concerns promoted consumption of fruits and vegetables and avoidance of fast fo…
Impact of transitioning from HIV clinical trials to routine medical care on clinical outcomes and patient perceptions
Participation in antiretroviral therapy clinical trials (ART-RCTs) offers many advantages including access to new drugs, close monitoring, and cost savings. These same benefits may pose a risk to patients ending ART-RCTs and returning to routine care; as they may experience changes to their drug regimen, decreased monitoring, and new out-of-pocket costs. We aimed to evaluate this transition and determine its effects on viral outcomes and patient …
Perceived Influences on Diet Among Urban, Low-income African Americans
Strategies to improve dietary patterns in urban, low-income, African-American communities might make use of overall and age- and gender-specific perspectives from within the community we report
Preventive cancer screening practices in HIV-positive patients
As patients with HIV age, they are at risk of developing non-AIDS defining malignancies. We performed a questionnaire study to evaluate colorectal and breast cancer screening among HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients seeking care from either an integrated (HIV/primary care), nonintegrated (specialized HIV), or general internal medicine clinic between August 2010 and July 2011. We performed a logistic regression to determine the odds of cancer …
Colorectal cancer incidence and screening in US Medicaid patients with and without HIV infection
Non-AIDS defining malignancies, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), may be more prevalent among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Further, PLWH may be less likely to receive CRC screening (CRCS). We studied the epidemiology of CRC and CRCS patterns in PLWH and HIV-uninfected persons in a large US Medicaid population. We performed a matched cohort study examining CRC incidence in 2006 and CRCS between 1999 and 2007. Study participants were continu…
Prevalence and patterns of cooking dinner at home in the USA: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2008
Objective To measure the prevalence of cooking dinner at home in the USA and test whether home dinner preparation habits are associated with socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, country of birth and family structure. Design Cross-sectional analysis. The primary outcome, self-reported frequency of cooking dinner at home, was divided into three categories: 0–1 dinners cooked per week (‘never’), 2–5 (‘sometimes’) and 6–7 (‘always’). We used bivari…
Food Insecurity, Neighborhood Food Access, and Food Assistance in Philadelphia
US Veterans Use Vitamins and Supplements as Substitutes for Prescription Medication
BACKGROUND: Vitamins and supplements are the most commonly used form of complementary and alternative medicine in the United States. Growing research suggests that patients substitute vitamins and supplements for their prescription medications. The reasons might include cost of prescription medications and discordant patient and doctor health belief systems. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of substitution of vitamins and supplements for…
Determining Chronic Disease Prevalence in Local Populations Using Emergency Department Surveillance
Objectives. We sought to improve public health surveillance by using a geographic analysis of emergency department (ED) visits to determine local chronic disease prevalence. Methods. Using an all-payer administrative database, we determined the proportion of unique ED patients with diabetes, hypertension, or asthma. We compared these rates to those determined by the New York City Community Health Survey. For diabetes prevalence, we also analyzed …
A Brief, Multifaceted, Generic Intervention to Improve Blood Pressure Control and Reduce Disparities Had Little Effect
More substantial or racial/ethnically tailored interventions are needed
Food insecurity, coping strategies and glucose control in low-income patients with diabetes
Objective To examine the relationship between food insecurity and coping strategies (actions taken to manage economic stress) hypothesized to worsen glucose control in patients with diabetes. Design Using a cross-sectional telephone survey and clinical data, we compared food-insecure and food-secure individuals in their use of coping strategies. Using logistic regression models, we then examined the association between poor glucose control (glyca…
Penn Center for Community Health Workers: Step-by-Step Approach to Sustain an Evidence-Based Community Health Worker Intervention at an Academic Medical Center
Community-engaged researchers who work with low-income communities can be reliant on grant funding. We use the illustrative case of the Penn Center for Community Health Workers (PCCHW) to describe a step-by-step framework for achieving financial sustainability for community-engaged research interventions. PCCHW began as a small grant-funded research project but followed an 8-step framework to engage both low-income patients and funders, determine…
Community Health Worker Support for Disadvantaged Patients With Multiple Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Objectives. To determine whether a community health worker (CHW) intervention improved outcomes in a low-income population with multiple chronic conditions. Methods. We conducted a single-blind, randomized clinical trial in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2013–2014). Participants (n = 302) were high-poverty neighborhood residents, uninsured or publicly insured, and diagnosed with 2 or more chronic diseases (diabetes, obesity, tobacco dependence, hype…
African American Veterans Storytelling: A Multisite Randomized Trial to Improve Hypertension
BACKGROUND: Disparities in hypertension control persist for African American Veterans. OBJECTIVE: To enhance cultural relevance of hypertension control self-management education, in a multisite, stratified randomized trial, we tested an interactive Veteran-to-Veteran storytelling digital video disk (DVD) intervention created with Veteran partners, versus an education-only DVD comparison. METHODS: At 3 VA facilities, African American Veterans with…
Creating a Toolkit to Reduce Disparities in Patient Engagement
BACKGROUND: Patient engagement has become a major focus of health care improvement efforts nationally. Although evidence suggests patient engagement can be beneficial to patients, it has not been consistently defined, operationalized, or translated into practice. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to develop a toolkit to help providers increase patient engagement and reduce disparities in patient engagement. RESEARCH DESIGN: We used qualitative interv…
Why Effective Interventions Do Not Work for All Patients: Exploring Variation in Response to a Chronic Disease Management Intervention
BACKGROUND: Half of all Americans have a chronic disease. Promoting healthy behaviors to decrease this burden is a national priority. A number of behavioral interventions have proven efficacy; yet even the most effective of these has high levels of nonresponse. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we explore variation in response to an evidence-based community health worker (CHW) intervention for chronic disease management. RESEARCH DESIGN: We used a conve…
Improving Patient-centered Care: How Clinical Staff Overcome Barriers to Patient Engagement at the VHA
Participants understood the patient centered approach, despite experiencing a lack of resources and training and could push through solutions to patient engagement barriers while working within the limits of their settings
Pathways to Abortion at a Tertiary Care Hospital: Examining Obesity and Delays
Future research is needed to determine whether obese women seeking abortions are being referred despite evidence that they do not require hospital-based care. If obese women are suffering delays because of referral, strategies to help overcome delay should also be explored
Adult hospitalizations from immigration detention in Louisiana and Texas, 2015–2018
Poor health conditions within immigration detention facilities have attracted significant concerns from policymakers and activists alike. There is no systematic data on the causes of hospitalizations from immigration detention facilities or their relative morbidity. The objective of this study, therefore, was to analyze the causes of hospitalizations from immigration detention facilities, as well as the percentage of hospitalizations necessitatin…
Medicine (26 works) · Internal Medicine (14 works) · Gerontology (13 works) · Environmental health (11 works) · Family medicine (9 works) · Health care (9 works) · Population (9 works) · Nursing (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · Gerontology (7 works)