Stephen J Kunitz
Biographic Data
| ID | 3582991 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stephen J Kunitz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stephen J |
| FAMILY NAME | Kunitz |
| SIGNATURE | KUNITZ S J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Rochester |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 64 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 205 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 64 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1965 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Political parties and mortality: The role of social status and personal responsibility
Trapped in the Gap: Doing Good in Indigenous Australia
Emma Kowal’s book, drawing on postcolonial and ‘whiteness’ theories, is about White anti-racists, professionals working to improve the health of Aboriginal Australians, and the painful contortions
Paradox and privilege: A 55-year follow-up of the mortality of Yale College graduates
The benefits of a privileged background in respect of survival were undermined by fraternity membership. It is suggested that both self-selection and substance mis-use may have contributed to the survival difference
Historical Influences on Contemporary Tobacco Use by Northern Plains and Southwestern American Indians
There are great differences in smoking- and tobacco-related mortality between American Indians on the Northern Plains and those in the Southwest that are best explained by (1) ecological differences between the two regions, including the relative inaccessibility and aridity of the Southwest and the lack of buffalo, and (2) differences between French and Spanish Indian relations policies. The consequence was the disruption of inter- and intratriba…
Historical Trends and Regional Differences in All-Cause and Amenable Mortality Among American Indians and Alaska Natives Since 1950
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) death rates declined over most of the 20th century, even before the Public Health Service became responsible for health care in 1956. Since then, rates have declined further, although they have stagnated since the 1980s. These overall patterns obscure substantial regional differences. Most significant, rates in the Northern and Southern Plains have declined far less since 1949 to 1953 than those in the Ea…
John MCKIERNAN-Gonzalez. Fevered Measures: Public Health and Race at the Texas-Mexico Border, 1848-1942
Journal Article John Mckiernan-González. Fevered Measures: Public Health and Race at the Texas-Mexico Border, 1848–1942. Get access John Mckiernan-González. Fevered Measures: Public Health and Race at the Texas-Mexico Border, 1848–1942.Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. 2012. Pp. xvi, 416. Cloth $94.95, paper $26.95. Stephen J. Kunitz Stephen J. Kunitz University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Search for other works by this autho…
State political cultures and the mortality of African Americans and American Indians
European Contact and the Contemporary Household Demography of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico and Arizona
Differences in contact with Europeans have shaped Pueblo Indian religious practices and social organization. Less attention has been paid to the impact on contemporary demography. Eastern Pueblos who had settled in areas that were especially attractive for farming have had the most intense contacts compared with both the Rio Grande Keresans and the Western Pueblos. As a result, compared with the latter two groups, Eastern Pueblo populations and r…
A case of old wine in re-labeled bottles? A commentary on Aronowitz
Ethics in Public Health Research: Changing Patterns of Mortality Among American Indians
Mortality rates for American Indians (including Alaska Natives) declined for much of the 20th century, but data published by the Indian Health Service indicate that since the mid-1980s, age-adjusted deaths for this population have increased both in absolute terms and compared with rates for the White American population. This increase appears to be primarily because of the direct and indirect effects of type 2 diabetes. Despite increasing appropr…
Life-Course Observations of Alcohol Use among Navajo Indians: Natural History or Careers
In this article, I describe changes in patterns of alcohol use and abuse among Navajo Indians from the mid-1960s to the late 1990s. The prevalence of alcohol dependence continues to be higher than in the general U.S. population, but remission is also common, as it was in the 1960s and previously. Men have substantially higher rates of alcohol dependence than women. The former engage in heavy drinking largely in response to the heavy drinking of t…
The Making and Breaking of Yugoslavia and Its Impact on Health
The creation of nation-states in Europe has generally been assumed to be intrinsic to modernization and to be irreversible. The disintegration of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia demonstrates that the process is not irreversible. I argue that in the case of Yugoslavia, (1) disintegration was caused by the interaction between domestic policies with regard to nationalities and integration into the global economy and (2) the impact o…
Measuring Interdisciplinary Team Performance in a Long-Term Care Setting
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to test the reliability and the validity of a survey instrument for assessing interdisciplinary team performance in long-term care settings and to measure team performance in the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The analysis is based on 1220 surveys completed by team members of 26 PACE programs. Cronbach's alphas, analysis of variance, and regression m…
Social Support and Risk-Adjusted Mortality in a Frail Older Population
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that social support is an important predictor of mortality in a frail older population receiving formal long-term care services. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The analysis is based on 3138 individuals enrolled in 28 Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). Information about the enrollees is obtained from dataPACE. Semiparametric Cox proportional hazards models are esti…
Rearrest Rates After Incarceration for DWI: A Comparative Study in a Southwestern US County
Objectives. This study was undertaken to assess a 28-day detention and treatment program’s effect, in a multiethnic county with high rates of alcohol-related arrests and crashes, on first-time offenders sentenced for driving while impaired (DWI). Methods. We used comparison of baseline characteristics, survival curves of subsequent arrest, and Cox proportional hazards regression to examine probability of rearrest of those sentenced and those not …
Drinking, Conduct Disorder, and Social Change
Drinking, Conduct Disorder, and Social Change: Navajo Experiences
1. Conduct Disorder, Drinking, and the Problem of Prevention 2. Historical Background: Tuba City and Shiprock 3. Patterns of Alcohol Use 4. Alcohol Dependence: Definitoin, Prevalence, and Risk Factors 5. Types of Alcololics 6. Conduct Disorder: Risk Factors and Changing Prevalence Stephen J. Kunitz, K. Ruben Gabriel, and Jerrold E. Levy 7. Antecedents of Violence in Adulthood 8. Treatment and Remission 9. Risk and Protective Factors Affecting Nav…
Premises, Premises: Comments on the Comparability of Classifications
Journal Article Premises, Premises: Comments on the Comparability of Classifications Get access STEPHEN J. KUNITZ STEPHEN J. KUNITZ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 54, Issue 2, April 1999, Pages 226–240, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/54.2.226 Published: 01 April 1999
The Origins of Navajo Youth Gangs
In recent years, much attention has been given to the proliferation and emergence of street gangs among ethnic groups in locations formerly gang-free. Navajo tribal members and officials have expressed strong concerns over both the presence of male youth gangs and what has been perceived as growing levels of violence. Such concern is reasonable in a society in which accidents, suicide, homicide, and alcoholism are among the top ten causes of deat…
Metropolitan governance, residential segregation, and mortality among African Americans
OBJECTIVES: This study tested the hypothesis that the degree to which local government is metropolitanized is associated with mortality rates for African Americans and with residential segregation, which has itself previously been shown to be positively associated with mortality among African Americans. METHODS: One hundred fourteen US standard metropolitan statistical areas were examined. The primary dependent variable was the age-adjusted, race…
Drinking Careers: A Twenty-Five Year Study of Three Navajo Populations
A history of Navajo drinking longitudinal studies of alcohol use alcohol-related mortality - changing period effects survival patterns of the original study groups Navajo drinking careers a family history of alcohol use Navajo mortality in its regional context alcohol treatment and the bureaucratization of tradition
Trends in American family size diversity
Drinking Careers: A Twenty-Five-Year Study of Three Navajo Populations
The history and politics of US health care policy for American Indians and Alaskan Natives
This paper traces the development of the US federal government's program to provide personal and public health services to American Indians and Alaska Natives since the 1940s. Minimal services had been provided since the mid 19th century through the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the Department of the Interior. As a result of attempts by western congressmen to weaken and destroy the bureau during the 1940s, responsibility for health services was pla…
The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World Out of Balance
Metropolitan governance, residential segregation, and mortality among African Americans
OBJECTIVES: This study tested the hypothesis that the degree to which local government is metropolitanized is associated with mortality rates for African Americans and with residential segregation, which has itself previously been shown to be positively associated with mortality among African Americans. METHODS: One hundred fourteen US standard metropolitan statistical areas were examined. The primary dependent variable was the age-adjusted, race…
Speculations on the European Mortality Decline
The causes of the European mortality decline which began in the seventeenth century and accelerated into the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries are examined. The author challeges the hypothesis that increasing inherited resistance to infectious disease was a major factor. After suggesting some of the reasons why this is unlikely [he discusses] some of the determinants that do seem...important. [He suggests] that mortality declined as a result of…
Indian Reservations, Anomie, and Social Pathologies
Several common notions are examined concerning the relationship between social pathology (homicide, suicide, and alcoholism) and social disorganization and anomie. The findings of studies conducted by the authors among the Navajo and Hopi Indians are presented. In the main, the studies suggest that both the prevalence and patterning of these behaviors are largely explainable in terms of persisting elements of aboriginal culture rather than as res…
The history and politics of US health care policy for American Indians and Alaskan Natives
This paper traces the development of the US federal government's program to provide personal and public health services to American Indians and Alaska Natives since the 1940s. Minimal services had been provided since the mid 19th century through the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the Department of the Interior. As a result of attempts by western congressmen to weaken and destroy the bureau during the 1940s, responsibility for health services was pla…
Drinking Careers: A Twenty-Five Year Study of Three Navajo Populations
A history of Navajo drinking longitudinal studies of alcohol use alcohol-related mortality - changing period effects survival patterns of the original study groups Navajo drinking careers a family history of alcohol use Navajo mortality in its regional context alcohol treatment and the bureaucratization of tradition
A suicide prevention program for Hopi youth
Professionalism and Social Control in the Progressive Era: The Case of the Flexner Report
It is proposed that the Progressive Era (about 1890-1914) saw the emergence of many occupational groups claiming professional status as experts in the control of a variety of social problems. The medical profession is only one of a number of such groups, albeit the most successful in advancing its claims. The Flexner Report (Flexner, 1910) is reviewed as one example of the role elite members of the occupational group played in achieving higher st…
Historical Trends and Regional Differences in All-Cause and Amenable Mortality Among American Indians and Alaska Natives Since 1950
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) death rates declined over most of the 20th century, even before the Public Health Service became responsible for health care in 1956. Since then, rates have declined further, although they have stagnated since the 1980s. These overall patterns obscure substantial regional differences. Most significant, rates in the Northern and Southern Plains have declined far less since 1949 to 1953 than those in the Ea…
Hookworm and Pellagra: Exemplary Diseases in the New South
Explanations and Ideologies of Mortality Patterns
Over the past century two ideas of disease causation have coexisted and sometimes competed: causal necessity or the idea that specific diseases cannot occur in the absence of specific causes; and causal sufficiency the idea that multiple causes can result in the same disease. With reference to first the evolution of epidemiology and public health in the United States since the mid-nineteenth century and second the formulation of public health str…
The Social Philosophy of John Collier
Navajo Criminal Homicide
This paper examines several common notions concerning homicide among the Navajo and its relationship with alcohol and acculturation. Earlier references to the act are reviewed, and all reported homicides occurring between 1956 and 1965 are analyzed in a manner comparable to an extensive study done in Philadelphia between 1948 and 1952. It was found that homicide rates among the Navajo at the present time are stable and comparable with those of th…
Life-Course Observations of Alcohol Use among Navajo Indians: Natural History or Careers
In this article, I describe changes in patterns of alcohol use and abuse among Navajo Indians from the mid-1960s to the late 1990s. The prevalence of alcohol dependence continues to be higher than in the general U.S. population, but remission is also common, as it was in the 1960s and previously. Men have substantially higher rates of alcohol dependence than women. The former engage in heavy drinking largely in response to the heavy drinking of t…
Economic Variation on the Navajo Reservation
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Stephen Kunitz; Economic Variation on the Navajo Reservation. Human Organization 1 June 1977; 36 (2): 186–193. doi: https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.36.2.p08571884465rl64 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookend…
Factors Influencing Recent Navajo and Hopi Population Changes
It is generally agreed that American Indian population change has followed a rather typical course, with a rapid decline in the early reservation period, followed by increasingly rapid rates of increase throughout the present century. In this paper, population changes of two Southwestern tribes, the Navajos and the Hopis, are compared, and it is suggested that the differences are accounted for both by federal policy as it has effected the loss or…
The debt crisis and the end of an era in mortality decline
Political parties and mortality: The role of social status and personal responsibility
Ethics in Public Health Research: Changing Patterns of Mortality Among American Indians
Mortality rates for American Indians (including Alaska Natives) declined for much of the 20th century, but data published by the Indian Health Service indicate that since the mid-1980s, age-adjusted deaths for this population have increased both in absolute terms and compared with rates for the White American population. This increase appears to be primarily because of the direct and indirect effects of type 2 diabetes. Despite increasing appropr…
Public Policy and Mortality Among Indigenous Populations of Northern America and Australasia
This article argues that the differences in the mortality experiences of the indigenous peoples of Australia Canada New Zealand and the United States are accounted for largely by the presence or absence of treaties and the ways in which they have been interpreted. Where treaties have been signed they have given indigenous people a claim in law to a variety of benefits including the provision of health services a claim that is difficult to make in…
Infant mortality and economic instability in Yugoslavia
Efforts to manage Yugoslavia's debt crisis beginning in 1979 led to economic policies which resulted in declining real income in subsequent years. This has been associated with a slowing of the rate at which infant mortality has declined. There is no evidence, however, that populations in poor parts of the country experienced a more dramatic impact on infant mortality than did populations in more favored regions. The lack of difference is attribu…
The changing sex ratio of the Navajo tribe
Data presented indicate that the sex ratio of the Navajo Tribe has shifted since the 1940's and now shows a preponderance of women rather than men. The reasons for this shift, which roughly parallel a similar shift in the general population of the United States, are : (1) a decline in maternal mortality rates; (2) an increase in male mortality rates, particularly from accidents; and (3) greater out‐migration of men than women. Some of the consequ…
State political cultures and the mortality of African Americans and American Indians
The Making and Breaking of Yugoslavia and Its Impact on Health
The creation of nation-states in Europe has generally been assumed to be intrinsic to modernization and to be irreversible. The disintegration of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, and Yugoslavia demonstrates that the process is not irreversible. I argue that in the case of Yugoslavia, (1) disintegration was caused by the interaction between domestic policies with regard to nationalities and integration into the global economy and (2) the impact o…
Premises, Premises: Comments on the Comparability of Classifications
Journal Article Premises, Premises: Comments on the Comparability of Classifications Get access STEPHEN J. KUNITZ STEPHEN J. KUNITZ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 54, Issue 2, April 1999, Pages 226–240, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/54.2.226 Published: 01 April 1999
The Origins of Navajo Youth Gangs
In recent years, much attention has been given to the proliferation and emergence of street gangs among ethnic groups in locations formerly gang-free. Navajo tribal members and officials have expressed strong concerns over both the presence of male youth gangs and what has been perceived as growing levels of violence. Such concern is reasonable in a society in which accidents, suicide, homicide, and alcoholism are among the top ten causes of deat…
Book Notices
Journal Article BOOK NOTICES Get access BERNARDINO RAMAZZINI. Diseases of Workers. Translated from the Latin text De morbis artificum of 1713 by Wilmer Cave Wright. New York, Hafner Publishing Company, 1964, $3.75 STEPHEN J. KUNITZ STEPHEN J. KUNITZ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume XX, Issue 3, July 1965, Pages 303-c–304, https://doi.org/…
Alcoholic Cirrhosis among the Navaho
Navajo Criminal Homicide
This paper examines several common notions concerning homicide among the Navajo and its relationship with alcohol and acculturation. Earlier references to the act are reviewed, and all reported homicides occurring between 1956 and 1965 are analyzed in a manner comparable to an extensive study done in Philadelphia between 1948 and 1952. It was found that homicide rates among the Navajo at the present time are stable and comparable with those of th…
The Epidemiology of Alcoholic Cirrhosis in Two Southwestern Indian Tribes
Liver cirrhosis death rates among the Hopi Indians are over four times higher, but among the Navaho the age-adjusted rate is only slightly less than in the general U.S.A. population. Contrasting drinking patterns rather than acculturation stress are woposed to account for the difference
The Social Philosophy of John Collier
Indian Reservations, Anomie, and Social Pathologies
Several common notions are examined concerning the relationship between social pathology (homicide, suicide, and alcoholism) and social disorganization and anomie. The findings of studies conducted by the authors among the Navajo and Hopi Indians are presented. In the main, the studies suggest that both the prevalence and patterning of these behaviors are largely explainable in terms of persisting elements of aboriginal culture rather than as res…
The American Indian in Urban Society
Changing Ideas of Alcohol Use among Navaho Indians
Under the influence of the dominant society, Navaho ideas about drinking are changing. It is suggested that the redefinition of excessive drinking by Navahos as deviant and symptomatic of disease is indicative of the profound changes the society is undergoing
Some notes on physiologic conditions as social problems
Factors Influencing Recent Navajo and Hopi Population Changes
It is generally agreed that American Indian population change has followed a rather typical course, with a rapid decline in the early reservation period, followed by increasingly rapid rates of increase throughout the present century. In this paper, population changes of two Southwestern tribes, the Navajos and the Hopis, are compared, and it is suggested that the differences are accounted for both by federal policy as it has effected the loss or…
Professionalism and Social Control in the Progressive Era: The Case of the Flexner Report
It is proposed that the Progressive Era (about 1890-1914) saw the emergence of many occupational groups claiming professional status as experts in the control of a variety of social problems. The medical profession is only one of a number of such groups, albeit the most successful in advancing its claims. The Flexner Report (Flexner, 1910) is reviewed as one example of the role elite members of the occupational group played in achieving higher st…
Changing Health Care Opinions in Regionville, 1946-1973
This study is a partial replication study of a community with the fictious name of Regionville which was first studied by E. L. Koos in the period 1946-50. In the present paper, we are concerned principally with that part having to do with the changing health care beliefs in this community. The indications are that: 1) there has been considerably liberalization of opinion, particularly among upper class respondents, in terms of issues relating to…
The changing sex ratio of the Navajo tribe
Data presented indicate that the sex ratio of the Navajo Tribe has shifted since the 1940's and now shows a preponderance of women rather than men. The reasons for this shift, which roughly parallel a similar shift in the general population of the United States, are : (1) a decline in maternal mortality rates; (2) an increase in male mortality rates, particularly from accidents; and (3) greater out‐migration of men than women. Some of the consequ…
Economic Variation on the Navajo Reservation
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Stephen Kunitz; Economic Variation on the Navajo Reservation. Human Organization 1 June 1977; 36 (2): 186–193. doi: https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.36.2.p08571884465rl64 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookend…
Indian Drinking: Navajo Practices and Anglo-American Theories
Underdevelopment and Social Services on the Navajo Reservation
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Stephen Kunitz; Underdevelopment and Social Services on the Navajo Reservation. Human Organization 1 December 1977; 36 (4): 398–405. doi: https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.36.4.h46w7645734g1342 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference M…
Hospital utilization and elective surgery on the Navajo Indian reservation
Underdevelopment, demographic change, and health care on the Navajo Indian reservation
Determinants of hospital utilization and surgery on the Navajo Indian reservation: 1972–1978
Surgical fertility regulation among women on the Navajo Indian reservation, 1972-1978
Changes in the rates of induced abortions, bilateral tubal ligations, and hysterectomies on the Navajo Indian Reservation have been examined for the years 1972-1978. While the incidence of abortions and tubal sterilizations is still considerably lower among Navajo women than among the total United States population of women, it has risen, especially among those in the prime of the reproductive cycle, i.e., ages 20-34. The rate of hysterectomy has…
Speculations on the European Mortality Decline
The causes of the European mortality decline which began in the seventeenth century and accelerated into the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries are examined. The author challeges the hypothesis that increasing inherited resistance to infectious disease was a major factor. After suggesting some of the reasons why this is unlikely [he discusses] some of the determinants that do seem...important. [He suggests] that mortality declined as a result of…
And Still More Navajo
Disease Change and the Role of Medicine: The Navajo Experience
Disease, Change and the Role of Medicine: The Navajo Experience
Disease Change and the Role of Medicine: The Navajo Experience
Sociology (39 works) · Medicine (36 works) · Political science (31 works) · Demography (28 works) · Navajo (24 works) · Geography (20 works) · Law (18 works) · Psychology (17 works) · Population (16 works) · History (14 works)