Claude Meillassoux
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3585641 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Claude Meillassoux |
| PRENOMES | Claude |
| SOBRENOME | Meillassoux |
| ASSINATURA | MEILLASSOUX C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CNRST) |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 92 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 823 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 91 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1958 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 14 |
From reproduction to production
Marx’s approach to the study of pre-capitalist formations is mainly centred around the demonstration of the historicity of capitalism. Liberal economics was an historical and political attempt by the rising bourgeoisie to demonstrate that economics is ruled by ‘natural’ and ‘universal’ laws to which even the princes had to comply. An immediate methodological implication of the universalist assumption is that the liberal economist deprives himself…
The role of slavery in the economic and social history of Sahelo–Sudanic Africa
It is generally recognized that by the late nineteenth century slavery was widespread in Black Africa. This chapter shows that the development and expansion of slavery in pre-colonial Africa were both linked originally to export demand for slaves. It provides an important link between the export slave trade and economic, social and political processes in pre-colonial Africa, which is central to the debate on the impact of the export slave trade o…
The Development of Indigenous Trade and Markets in West Africa
On the Mode of Production of the Hunting Band
Colin Turnbull provides scientific and usable data on the economic and social organization of African hunters in their own environment, contrasted to their behaviour when living in contact with farming communities. According to Turnbull, the Mbuti admit that scarcity is more frequently due to laziness than to difficulties involved in hunting and gathering. Turnbull stresses the fact that contact with the Bantu peoples does not alter the specific …
Entre l’État et les « bandits » armés par l’Afrique du Sud. Les paysans ignorés du Mozambique
Sous le régime portugais, le Mozambique était une « colonie de service » offrant à ses voisins d’importantes facilités d’infrastructure. À l’indépendance, ses chemins de fer et ses ports étaient largement utilisés, en particulier par l’Afrique du Sud et la Rhodésie (Zimbabwe), pour acheminer leurs matières premières vers la mer. Il constituait aussi une réserve de main-d’œuvre pour ces deux pays, plus de 100 000 travailleurs émigrant chaque année…
Contra an anthropology of migrant workers in Western Europe
The choice of a disciplinary approach to tackle social problems is not only one of the method. It bears ideological implication as can be seen in the case of migrant labour. Because of the geographical origin of a major proportion of this labour, there is a notion that ethnology is a relevant discipline to deal with the problem. As an anthropologist by trade I want to warn against the use and misuse of such an approach which might be bound to clo…
Succès de la politique d’aide au surdéveloppement des pays riches1
Il sera donné à celui qui possède ; il sera pris à celui qui n’a rien. Primo Levi, Si c’est un homme Constat Il faut d’abord faire un constat : les objectifs économiques des politiques dites de développement infligées aux pays du tiers‐monde sont atteints : le développement des grandes puissances capitalistes est une réussite. Les marchés des matières premières destinées à ces grandes puissances ont été approvisionnés sans discontinuer à des prix…
La parenté est-elle une affaire de vie ou de survie
The article looks at the varying forms taken by parenthood in different societies, past and present. It examines how it belatedly came to be defined by Lewis Morgan, in the context of our modern societies, in terms of an aristocratic and genetic conception, thus establishing a model which Lévi-Strauss unintentionally took to an aporia. Against such a schematic conceptualisation of parenthood, the article posits the material and sentimental links …
Mujeres, Graneros y Capitales - Economia Domestica y Capitalismo
Hommage à Christian Geffray
Bien que Christian soit loin d’être une personne ordinaire, nous nous sommes connus dans les circonstances professionnelles les plus banales. Lassé de l’anthropologie conventionnelle, il vint me rendre visite un jour, sur les conseils de Michel Samuel, un ami que j’ai toujours apprécié comme un collègue averti et imaginatif. Je trouvais en effet chez Christian un interlocuteur ouvert, prêt à emprunter de nouvelles voies. Dès les premières années …
Les tâches de l’ethnologie
Lorsque j’ai publié en 1964 mon premier ouvrage d’anthropologie consacrée aux transformations sociales des Gouro de Côte-d’Ivoire sous les effets de l’agriculture commerciale, j’ai hésité à le qualifier d’« anthropologie économique » car il ne s’agissait pas, à travers cette recherche, de créer un nouveau dispositif disciplinaire. Je voulais seulement mettre l’accent sur le fait que dans ces sociétés aussi, les faits économiques étaient opératoir…
Mujeres esclavas en África subsahariana
Este artículo constituye un análisis de los mercados esclavistas en el África subsahariana desde la perspectiva de género, centrándose en varios puntos fundamentales: a) la proporción de personas esclavizadas en función del sexo, b) el precio más elevado de las mujeres esclavas, d) la esterilidad de las esclavas y e) la valoración de las esclavas en tanto que trabajadoras. Para ello, el autor estudia diversos tipos de sociedades: sociedades domés…
Construire et déconstruire la parenté
La connexion génétique existant entre les individus réputés parents dans les sociétés occidentales a naturalisé nos conceptions relatives à la parenté au point de faire de la consanguinité' son substrat essentiel. Du caractère naturel et universel de celle-ci, l'anthropologie a déduit qu'il était scientifiquement légitime de l'appliquer à toutes les sociétés. Ainsi les formes historiques de la parenté (adhésive, adelphique, dynastique, etc.) lui …
Parler parenté
L'usage des termes de parenté existant dans notre vocabulaire pour traduire ceux apparemment homologues des sociétés qu'étudie l'ethnologue, revient à appliquer abusivement à ces sociétés la thèse implicite qui en gouverne notre conceptualisation : la consanguinité. Cette pratique très générale en ethnologie, qu'elle soit fonctionnaliste ou structuraliste, non seulement ne rend pas compte du sens parfois beaucoup plus riche des mots traduits, mai…
The Slave Trade and Development
When Captain Binger traveled the Niger bend between 1887 and 1889, he saw numerous villages that had been drained of their lifeblood or left in ruins by violent conflicts that had left their mark in the form of fortifications. Above all he was struck by the region's depopulation, which threatened to compromise the potential for colonial exploitation of the country. But these conditions did not prevail throughout the entire area. Prosperous towns …
Slaves Are Not Kin
Anthropologie sociale et culturelle
The Anthropology of Slavery
Gloires oubliées et mémoires reconstruites
C. Meillassoux — Forgotten Glory and Reconstructed Memories: The Gumbu Wars in the Sahel (Mali). Gumbu is on the edge of the Sahel, where sedentary farming peoples actively par-ticipated in trade and conflicts within this transition zone. Fighting first broke out between Gumbu and rival, neighboring, even related political formations. Alliances and conflicts were not based on ethnie groups. Through these wars, people gloried in their group and as…
Genie social et manipulations culturelles en Afrique du Sud
The Anthropology of Slavery
The Anthropology of Slavery
África
The Anthropology of Slavery
Kin and Aliens. Part 1 The historical dimensions of slavery in West Africa extraneousness sterility profits and accumulation unborn and reprieved from death promotion of slaves half-breed slaves revenge of the anti-kin. Part 2 A slavery and power - the coming of the brigands the great task of the Kings the divine court the war economy - cases analyses. Part 3 The land of the merchants the spread of slavery within peasantry forms of exploitation t…
Dogon Restudied
From reproduction to production
The concepts of liberal economics, derived from the analysis of capitalist societies, are both inadequate and inappropriate for the analysis of precapitalist societies. Marx's analysis of primitive societies focused largely on the historical succession of modes of production rather than on their inner workings. What is needed is an analysis of the type which Marx made of capitalism. The present analysis starts from Marx's distinction between land…
Maidens, meal, and money
"For years, Matthew Greene and Daniel Rosen have enjoyed a quiet domestic life together in Northampton, Massachusetts. Opposites in many ways, they have grown together and made their relationship work. But when they learn that Daniel's twin brother and sister-in-law have been killed in a bombing in Jerusalem, their lives are suddenly, utterly transformed. In dealing with their families and the need to make a decision about who will raise the dece…
Dogon Restudied
The Anthropology of Slavery
Kin and Aliens. Part 1 The historical dimensions of slavery in West Africa extraneousness sterility profits and accumulation unborn and reprieved from death promotion of slaves half-breed slaves revenge of the anti-kin. Part 2 A slavery and power - the coming of the brigands the great task of the Kings the divine court the war economy - cases analyses. Part 3 The land of the merchants the spread of slavery within peasantry forms of exploitation t…
The social organisation of the peasantry
This paper is mainly concerned with 'traditional' peasant organisation in West Africa. The first two parts deal with the social organisation of peasantries on two levels: that of the productive units and that of relations among these units. Finally, it deals more briefly with the transformation of the social organisation of agricultural production under the impact of market development and capitalism. A basic contention is that the social organis…
Essai d'interprétation du phénomène économique dans les sociétés traditionnelles d'auto-subsistance
Meillassoux Claude. Essai d'interprétation du phénomène économique dans les sociétés traditionnelles d'auto-subsistance. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 1, n°4, 1960. pp. 38-67
Urbanization of an African Community-Voluntary Associations in Bamako
L' Esclavage en Afrique précoloniale
Maidens, Meal and Money
Development or exploitation
If the drought can be seen as an act of nature, the same cannot be said for the famine, which is largely the result of a policy of agricultural exploitation carried out for the benefit of the great powers in the Sahel. This famine crudely reveals that what is called development or aid is nothing other than a policy of exploitation. Furthermore, this famine offers the opportunity for a radical transformation of the traditional modes of agricultura…
Are there Castes in India
∗ The author is a French africanist. It was in relation to his research on West African populations, often said to be organised according to a caste system, that he came to investigate the notion as it is used to describe the Indian society. Notes ∗ The author is a French africanist. It was in relation to his research on West African populations, often said to be organised according to a caste system, that he came to investigate the notion as it …
The economic bases of demographic reproduction
This paper explores the economic basis of demographic reproduction through an analysis of the shift from self-sustaining agricultural production to wage earning in the industrial sector. In subsistence societies, the upper limits of demographic reproduction are set more by agricultural capacities than by women's natural fecundity. An increase in the productivity of agriculture is a necessary precondition for demographic growth. Such societies are…
Urbanization of an African Community
Histoire et institutions du kafo de Bamako d'après la tradition des Niaré
Meillassoux Claude. Histoire et institutions du kafo de Bamako d'après la tradition des Niaré. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 4, n°14, 1963. pp. 186-227
The Anthropology of Slavery
L'Itineraire d'Ibn Battuta de Walata a Malli
Information collected in the field and careful reading of Ibn Battuta's account of his travels does not support Delafosse's usually accepted opinion on Battuta's itinerary. Several pieces of evidence point towards the identification of Zaġari with Diara (Kingi) rather than with Dia (Masina). Such an itinerary would lead further to the west. Information given about the return journey seems also to indicate that Ibn Battuta's destination, Malli, sh…
The Anthropology of Slavery
Etat et conditions des esclaves a Gumbu (Mali) au XIXe siecle
Gumbu du Sahel (Mali) est un gros village (environ 5.000 habitants) d'agriculteurs sédentaires, situé à la limite Nord de la zone de culture sèche du mil, au contact des Maures pasteurs nomades du Sahara. Il occupe le centre d'une cuvette sablonneuse relativement fertile qui permet, sur des terres fumées par les troupeaux des éleveurs, une production excédentaire de mil et de coton destinée traditionnellement à l'échange avec les nomades
Recherche d'un niveau de détermination dans la société cynégétique
Claude Meillassoux, em "Recherche d'un niveau de détermination dans la société cynégétique" (L'Homme et la société, 1967), questiona a predominância da infraestrutura na determinação das sociedades de caçadores-coletores. Argumentando contra uma interpretação estritamente marxista, Meillassoux explora como fatores além das forças produtivas, como a organização social e as relações de parentesco, desempenham um papel crucial na formação dessas soc…
The Anthropology of Slavery
Les cérémonies septennales du Kamablõ de Kaaba (Mali) (5-12 avril 1968)
Meillassoux Claude. Les cérémonies septennales du Kamablõ de Kaaba (Mali) (5-12 avril 1968). In: Journal de la Société des Africanistes, 1968, tome 38, fascicule 2. pp. 173-183
Historical Modalities of the Exploitation and Over-Exploitation of Labour
The Social Structure of Modern Bamako
Opening ParagraphAccording to a partial census taken in 1960, Bamako city has about 130,000 inhabitants. Small by Western standards, it is still by far the largest city in Mali. At the time of the French conquest Bamako had only between 800 and 1,000 inhabitants; it was the capital of a Bambara chiefdom, grouping about thirty villages on the north bank of the Niger river, with a total of about 5,000 people. The ruling dynasty was that of the Niar…
Anthropologie sociale et culturelle
La farce villageoise à la ville
Une économie franco-africaine
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Les pays sous-développés
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Essai d'interprétation du phénomène économique dans les sociétés traditionnelles d'auto-subsistance
Meillassoux Claude. Essai d'interprétation du phénomène économique dans les sociétés traditionnelles d'auto-subsistance. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 1, n°4, 1960. pp. 38-67
Bamiléké et Agni
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Ethnographie africaine
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Histoire et institutions du kafo de Bamako d'après la tradition des Niaré
Meillassoux Claude. Histoire et institutions du kafo de Bamako d'après la tradition des Niaré. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 4, n°14, 1963. pp. 186-227
L'économie des échanges pré-coloniaux en pays Gouro
Meillassoux Claude. L'économie des échanges pré-coloniaux en pays Gouro. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 3, n°12, 1963. pp. 551-576
La farce villageoise à la ville
The Social Structure of Modern Bamako
Opening ParagraphAccording to a partial census taken in 1960, Bamako city has about 130,000 inhabitants. Small by Western standards, it is still by far the largest city in Mali. At the time of the French conquest Bamako had only between 800 and 1,000 inhabitants; it was the capital of a Bambara chiefdom, grouping about thirty villages on the north bank of the Niger river, with a total of about 5,000 people. The ruling dynasty was that of the Niar…
Plans d'anciennes fortifications (Tata) en pays Malinké
Meillassoux Claude. Plans d'anciennes fortifications (Tata) en pays Malinké. In: Journal de la Société des Africanistes, 1966, tome 36, fascicule 1. pp. 29-44
Anthropologie economique des Gouro de la Cote d'Ivoire. De l'economie de subsistance a l'agriculture commerciale
Anthropologie économique des Gouro de Côte-d'Ivoire. De l'économie de subsistance à l'agriculture commerciale
Anthropologie economique des Gouro de Cote d'Ivoire
Mise au point
Recherche d'un niveau de détermination dans la société cynégétique
Claude Meillassoux, em "Recherche d'un niveau de détermination dans la société cynégétique" (L'Homme et la société, 1967), questiona a predominância da infraestrutura na determinação das sociedades de caçadores-coletores. Argumentando contra uma interpretação estritamente marxista, Meillassoux explora como fatores além das forças produtivas, como a organização social e as relações de parentesco, desempenham um papel crucial na formação dessas soc…
Les cérémonies septennales du Kamablõ de Kaaba (Mali) (5-12 avril 1968)
Meillassoux Claude. Les cérémonies septennales du Kamablõ de Kaaba (Mali) (5-12 avril 1968). In: Journal de la Société des Africanistes, 1968, tome 38, fascicule 2. pp. 173-183
Current Africanist Research in Scandinavia
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Urbanization of an African Community-Voluntary Associations in Bamako
Urbanization of an African Community
Le commerce précolonial et le développement de l'esclavage à Gũbu du Sahel (Mali)
L'Itineraire d'Ibn Battuta de Walata a Malli
Information collected in the field and careful reading of Ibn Battuta's account of his travels does not support Delafosse's usually accepted opinion on Battuta's itinerary. Several pieces of evidence point towards the identification of Zaġari with Diara (Kingi) rather than with Dia (Masina). Such an itinerary would lead further to the west. Information given about the return journey seems also to indicate that Ibn Battuta's destination, Malli, sh…
The Development of Indigenous Trade and Markets in West Africa (L'Évolution du Commerce en Afrique de L'Ouest)
From reproduction to production
The concepts of liberal economics, derived from the analysis of capitalist societies, are both inadequate and inappropriate for the analysis of precapitalist societies. Marx's analysis of primitive societies focused largely on the historical succession of modes of production rather than on their inner workings. What is needed is an analysis of the type which Marx made of capitalism. The present analysis starts from Marx's distinction between land…
Etat et conditions des esclaves a Gumbu (Mali) au XIXe siecle
Gumbu du Sahel (Mali) est un gros village (environ 5.000 habitants) d'agriculteurs sédentaires, situé à la limite Nord de la zone de culture sèche du mil, au contact des Maures pasteurs nomades du Sahara. Il occupe le centre d'une cuvette sablonneuse relativement fertile qui permet, sur des terres fumées par les troupeaux des éleveurs, une production excédentaire de mil et de coton destinée traditionnellement à l'échange avec les nomades
The Development of Indigenous Trade and Markets in West Africa
Political science (50 obras) · Sociology (28 obras) · Humanities (24 obras) · History (23 obras) · Agriculture and Rural Development Research (22 obras) · Art (22 obras) · Philosophy (21 obras) · Geography (19 obras) · History (18 obras) · African history and culture studies (17 obras)