Jean‐louis Tavani
Biographic Data
| ID | 3589520 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jean‐louis Tavani |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jean‐louis |
| FAMILY NAME | Tavani |
| SIGNATURE | TAVANI J L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Université Paris 8 |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2736-4595 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 11 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 15 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
A preliminary experimental test of the crossed influences between the valence of collective memory and collective future thinking
This research experimentally examined the crossed influences between the emotional valence of collective memory and collective future thinking. As remembering the past and imagining the future are shaped by the present, we additionally test whether perceived anomie (i.e., perceiving present society as disintegrated and disregulated) would moderate these influences. Study 1 (N = 228 French participants) manipulated the valence of collective memory…
Is adolescence believed to be a period of greater risk taking than adulthood
Little is known about adolescents’ own beliefs regarding their level of risk taking or regarding peer influence on the latter. This is an important matter given that beliefs influence judgements and decisions. With the present study, we aimed to study adolescents’ and adults’ beliefs about adolescents’ risk taking compared to adults’ risk taking, and beliefs about peer influence on risk taking. To this end, an experimental design was used. A cros…
The Good Old Days and the Scary Future Ones
Building on the social psychology literature on collective memory, we tested if national nostalgia fosters collective angst through greater perceived societal anomie among French participants. Consistent with our predictions, a correlational study ( N = 535) and an experimental study ( N = 370) showed that nostalgia for France’s past predicted greater angst regarding its future through increased perceptions that present French society is more ano…
Effect of collective continuity on individual well-being
International audience
Social representations of the coronavirus and causal perception of its origin
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic (between 26 March and 2 April 2020), we analysed ( n = 1144) the social representations of the coronavirus and the differentiated perceptions according to the origins attributed to the appearance of the virus (Human vs Non-Human and Intentional vs Unintentional) in a French population. The results show that the social representation is organized around five potentially central descriptive, anxiety-provoking a…
Collective fear and social representations of Covid-19. The role of the original ‘reasons’ for the fear object ( Miedo colectivo y representaciones sociales de la Covid-19. El rol de las ‘razones’ ori…
Based on a taxonomy of collective fears, the objective of the study ( N = 1,144) was to analyse how the original reasons attributed to an object of fear play a role in collective angst and to study how these attributions are linked to differentiated social representations of the object. The results show that the underlying reasons (human vs. non-human; intentional vs. unintentional) organize the socio-representational field of the coronavirus. Mo…
Perceived societal anomie and the implicit trajectory of national decline
To date, most research has investigated people’s representations of the national past and future separately and the few that examined the relationships between the two overlooked the role of the group’s present. The present study aimed to replicate previous results showing an implicit trajectory of national decline among Americans within a French sample and additionally examined whether perceived societal anomie— that is, perceiving that present …
Perceived societal anomie, collective memory, and support for collective action
The present research aimed to examine whether perceiving anomie within current society affects people’s representations of the national past and their support for collective actions through the reconstructed past. In two studies, we showed that perceived anomie affects people’s evaluation of some features of a past national figure (Study 1: Charles de Gaulle, former French president who had an important role during World War II) and an event (Stu…
When Past Group Events and Identities Define the Present
Previous studies have highlighted the benefits of perceived collective continuity. However, to the authors’ knowledge, none have considered the negative effects of such perceptions when they concern a negative past or take the form of a break with a positive past. The authors therefore conducted three studies to examine the influence of perceived continuity (or a break) with positive versus negative events or identities on French in-groups’ defen…
Are reflective models appropriate for very short scales? Proofs of concept of formative models using the Ten‐Item Personality Inventory
OBJECTIVE: Because of their length and objective of broad content coverage, very short scales can show limited internal consistency and structural validity. We argue that it is because their objectives may be better aligned with formative investigations than with reflective measurement methods that capitalize on content overlap. As proofs of concept of formative investigations of short scales, we investigate the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TI…
Years After
In this paper we use a social representational perspective to consider the interplay between pacifist attitudes and representations of World War I, on a large sample of European students. WWI gave rise to pacifist movements across the globe. Across 10 European countries (N = 1347 undergraduate students), we invited participants to report the first five words that came to their mind when thinking about this event and measured their level of pacifi…
Improving the Study of Social Representations through Word Associations
To grasp how individuals and groups perceive social objects of their environment, word association tasks enable the cognitions associated with a given object to be collected. However, the lack of information regarding the meaning of these responses implies interpretation and subjectivity in their analysis. To reduce this subjectivity, this research aims to validate semantic contextualization (SC), a procedure that allows participants to explain t…
Methods for Studying the Structure of Social Representations
This article deals with the methodologies commonly used in the framework of the structural approach to social representations. It concerns free and hierarchical evocations, the characterization questionnaire, the similarity analysis, the basic cognitive schemes model, the attribute‐challenge technique and the test of context independence. More than a simple review of these methodologies, it offers a critical approach concerning the problems encou…
Tell me what you remember and I will know who you are
The present article aims to show that collective memories could serve as a criterion in social categorization. We predicted that a target person who shares common collective memories will be perceived as similar (to the self), relatively more favorably and categorized as an ingroup member. We conducted four studies using memories of historical events or childhood objects. These studies consistently showed that a target who shares common memories …
Social Representation of Gifted Children
There is a growing recognition of giftedness in France and the need for identification. Social Representations (SR) of gifted children have never been examined in France with an appropriate methodology, yet it is important to do so as the information obtained may help ensure the insertion and inclusion of these children in school and society. The aim of the present preliminary study was to investigate the SR of gifted children in a French populat…
The Good Old Days and the Scary Future Ones
Building on the social psychology literature on collective memory, we tested if national nostalgia fosters collective angst through greater perceived societal anomie among French participants. Consistent with our predictions, a correlational study ( N = 535) and an experimental study ( N = 370) showed that nostalgia for France’s past predicted greater angst regarding its future through increased perceptions that present French society is more ano…
Social representations of the coronavirus and causal perception of its origin
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic (between 26 March and 2 April 2020), we analysed ( n = 1144) the social representations of the coronavirus and the differentiated perceptions according to the origins attributed to the appearance of the virus (Human vs Non-Human and Intentional vs Unintentional) in a French population. The results show that the social representation is organized around five potentially central descriptive, anxiety-provoking a…
Perceived societal anomie and the implicit trajectory of national decline
To date, most research has investigated people’s representations of the national past and future separately and the few that examined the relationships between the two overlooked the role of the group’s present. The present study aimed to replicate previous results showing an implicit trajectory of national decline among Americans within a French sample and additionally examined whether perceived societal anomie— that is, perceiving that present …
Improving the Study of Social Representations through Word Associations
To grasp how individuals and groups perceive social objects of their environment, word association tasks enable the cognitions associated with a given object to be collected. However, the lack of information regarding the meaning of these responses implies interpretation and subjectivity in their analysis. To reduce this subjectivity, this research aims to validate semantic contextualization (SC), a procedure that allows participants to explain t…
Tell me what you remember and I will know who you are
The present article aims to show that collective memories could serve as a criterion in social categorization. We predicted that a target person who shares common collective memories will be perceived as similar (to the self), relatively more favorably and categorized as an ingroup member. We conducted four studies using memories of historical events or childhood objects. These studies consistently showed that a target who shares common memories …
Years After
In this paper we use a social representational perspective to consider the interplay between pacifist attitudes and representations of World War I, on a large sample of European students. WWI gave rise to pacifist movements across the globe. Across 10 European countries (N = 1347 undergraduate students), we invited participants to report the first five words that came to their mind when thinking about this event and measured their level of pacifi…
Social Representation of Gifted Children
There is a growing recognition of giftedness in France and the need for identification. Social Representations (SR) of gifted children have never been examined in France with an appropriate methodology, yet it is important to do so as the information obtained may help ensure the insertion and inclusion of these children in school and society. The aim of the present preliminary study was to investigate the SR of gifted children in a French populat…
Tell me what you remember and I will know who you are
The present article aims to show that collective memories could serve as a criterion in social categorization. We predicted that a target person who shares common collective memories will be perceived as similar (to the self), relatively more favorably and categorized as an ingroup member. We conducted four studies using memories of historical events or childhood objects. These studies consistently showed that a target who shares common memories …
Methods for Studying the Structure of Social Representations
This article deals with the methodologies commonly used in the framework of the structural approach to social representations. It concerns free and hierarchical evocations, the characterization questionnaire, the similarity analysis, the basic cognitive schemes model, the attribute‐challenge technique and the test of context independence. More than a simple review of these methodologies, it offers a critical approach concerning the problems encou…
Years After
In this paper we use a social representational perspective to consider the interplay between pacifist attitudes and representations of World War I, on a large sample of European students. WWI gave rise to pacifist movements across the globe. Across 10 European countries (N = 1347 undergraduate students), we invited participants to report the first five words that came to their mind when thinking about this event and measured their level of pacifi…
Improving the Study of Social Representations through Word Associations
To grasp how individuals and groups perceive social objects of their environment, word association tasks enable the cognitions associated with a given object to be collected. However, the lack of information regarding the meaning of these responses implies interpretation and subjectivity in their analysis. To reduce this subjectivity, this research aims to validate semantic contextualization (SC), a procedure that allows participants to explain t…
Are reflective models appropriate for very short scales? Proofs of concept of formative models using the Ten‐Item Personality Inventory
OBJECTIVE: Because of their length and objective of broad content coverage, very short scales can show limited internal consistency and structural validity. We argue that it is because their objectives may be better aligned with formative investigations than with reflective measurement methods that capitalize on content overlap. As proofs of concept of formative investigations of short scales, we investigate the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TI…
Perceived societal anomie, collective memory, and support for collective action
The present research aimed to examine whether perceiving anomie within current society affects people’s representations of the national past and their support for collective actions through the reconstructed past. In two studies, we showed that perceived anomie affects people’s evaluation of some features of a past national figure (Study 1: Charles de Gaulle, former French president who had an important role during World War II) and an event (Stu…
When Past Group Events and Identities Define the Present
Previous studies have highlighted the benefits of perceived collective continuity. However, to the authors’ knowledge, none have considered the negative effects of such perceptions when they concern a negative past or take the form of a break with a positive past. The authors therefore conducted three studies to examine the influence of perceived continuity (or a break) with positive versus negative events or identities on French in-groups’ defen…
Collective fear and social representations of Covid-19. The role of the original ‘reasons’ for the fear object ( Miedo colectivo y representaciones sociales de la Covid-19. El rol de las ‘razones’ ori…
Based on a taxonomy of collective fears, the objective of the study ( N = 1,144) was to analyse how the original reasons attributed to an object of fear play a role in collective angst and to study how these attributions are linked to differentiated social representations of the object. The results show that the underlying reasons (human vs. non-human; intentional vs. unintentional) organize the socio-representational field of the coronavirus. Mo…
Perceived societal anomie and the implicit trajectory of national decline
To date, most research has investigated people’s representations of the national past and future separately and the few that examined the relationships between the two overlooked the role of the group’s present. The present study aimed to replicate previous results showing an implicit trajectory of national decline among Americans within a French sample and additionally examined whether perceived societal anomie— that is, perceiving that present …
Is adolescence believed to be a period of greater risk taking than adulthood
Little is known about adolescents’ own beliefs regarding their level of risk taking or regarding peer influence on the latter. This is an important matter given that beliefs influence judgements and decisions. With the present study, we aimed to study adolescents’ and adults’ beliefs about adolescents’ risk taking compared to adults’ risk taking, and beliefs about peer influence on risk taking. To this end, an experimental design was used. A cros…
The Good Old Days and the Scary Future Ones
Building on the social psychology literature on collective memory, we tested if national nostalgia fosters collective angst through greater perceived societal anomie among French participants. Consistent with our predictions, a correlational study ( N = 535) and an experimental study ( N = 370) showed that nostalgia for France’s past predicted greater angst regarding its future through increased perceptions that present French society is more ano…
Effect of collective continuity on individual well-being
International audience
Social representations of the coronavirus and causal perception of its origin
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic (between 26 March and 2 April 2020), we analysed ( n = 1144) the social representations of the coronavirus and the differentiated perceptions according to the origins attributed to the appearance of the virus (Human vs Non-Human and Intentional vs Unintentional) in a French population. The results show that the social representation is organized around five potentially central descriptive, anxiety-provoking a…
A preliminary experimental test of the crossed influences between the valence of collective memory and collective future thinking
This research experimentally examined the crossed influences between the emotional valence of collective memory and collective future thinking. As remembering the past and imagining the future are shaped by the present, we additionally test whether perceived anomie (i.e., perceiving present society as disintegrated and disregulated) would moderate these influences. Study 1 (N = 228 French participants) manipulated the valence of collective memory…
Psychology (15 works) · Social Psychology (12 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (7 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (6 works) · Sociology (6 works) · Cognitive psychology (5 works) · Developmental psychology (5 works) · Social Representations and Identity (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works)