James Alexander
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3592246 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | James Alexander |
| NOMBRES | James |
| APELLIDO | Alexander |
| FIRMA | ALEXANDER J |
| AFILIACIONES | Bilkent University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2432-6876 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 57 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1865 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
A Redefinition of Left and Right
Sometimes we hear that “right” and “left” are no longer relevant. Here is a redefinition of right and left so that the terms remain relevant. Standardly, a “left” politics is associated with equality, progress, planning, openness, or criticism, and a “right” politics with inequality, regress, lack of planning, closedness, or an uncritical attitude. Against these suggestions, I define “left” as a synecdochal politics, a politics which takes a part…
The Triumvirate of the Cambridge School
The Cambridge School of the history of political thought exists as a tradition of teaching in the History Faculty of Cambridge University, and as a set of works including famous books such as The Political Thought of John Locke, The Machiavellian Moment and The Foundations of Modern Political Thought. It acquired its distinctive status because of three methodological articles written in the 1960s by the triumvirate of J.G.A. Pocock, John Dunn and…
Confronting Leviathan
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The relevance of the eighteenth century to modern political theory
The eighteenth century is still the bottleneck of the history of political theory: the century that separates pre-economic theorists such as Machiavelli, Bodin and Hobbes from post-economic theorists such as Hegel, Mill and Marx. Political thinking became immeasurably much more complicated in the eighteenth century: and yet historians, after at least half a century of extremely judicious scholarship, still have difficulty explaining its significa…
Three arguments relevant to the history and theory of monarchy
This article states a claim about the fundamental nature of monarchy as something which in antiquity and medievality straddled the immanent and transcendent worlds but which is only half understood in a modernity where the world which is wholly immanent and so has a politics which must be theorised in wholly consistent terms. It draws on theories of antique monarchy, medieval monarchy, constitutional monarchy and popular sovereignty, and asserts …
Radical, Sceptical and Liberal Enlightenment
We still ask the question 'What is Enlightenment?' Every generation seems to offer new and contradictory answers to the question. In the last thirty or so years, the most interesting characterisations of Enlightenment have been by historians. They have told us that there is one Enlightenment, that there are two Enlightenments, that there are many Enlightenments. This has thrown up a second question, 'How Many Enlightenments?' In the spirit of col…
A genealogy of political theory
Three Ideas of the University
What is a university? In the nineteenth century John Henry Newman famously spoke of “the idea of a university.” This phrase has dominated all discussions of the nature of the university since. Most contemporary writers are against any attempt to theorise the university in terms of a single idea. But against the now standard view that universities should only be characterised empirically as institutions that perform many different activities, I at…
Reaction in Politics
Reaction is a subject usually avoided by political theorists, since it raises awkward historical, philosophical and political questions. Perhaps philosophers of history might make better sense of it. In this article I claim that reaction has to be understood in relation to the concepts of revolution, tradition, progress and conservatism. I argue that the specific meaning of reaction is a response to the specific action that establishes the princi…
The Philosophy of Political History in Oakeshott and Collingwood
Every political philosopher has a philosophy of political history, if sometimes not a very good one. Oakeshott and Collingwood are two twentieth century political philosophers who were particularly concerned with the significance of history for political philosophy; and who both, in the 1940s, sketched what I call philosophies of political history: that is, systematic schemes which could make sense of the entire history of political philosophy. I…
A Systematic Theory of Tradition
We still lack a systematic or complete theory of tradition. By referring to the works of many major figures of the last century - Arendt, Boyer, Eisenstadt, Eliot, Gadamer, Goody, Hobsbawm, Kermode, Leavis, MacIntyre, Oakeshott, Pieper, Pocock, Popper, Prickett, Shils and others - I show that a theory of tradition must include insights taken not only from the study of sociology and anthropology, but also from the study of literature and religion …
The Fundamental Contradiction of Modern Cosmopolitanism
This article is a study of that eminently European contribution to world politics: the idea of cosmopolitanism. The argument is that modern cosmopolitanism depends on two postulates which are contradictory. Cosmopolitans have always claimed, “There are two cities, one higher and one lower.” Modern cosmopolitans, however, claim, without abandoning the first postulate, “There is only one city.” In this article I ask four questions which enable the …
A Sketch of a System of Theory and Practice
Most political theorists are committed to one particular view about the relation between theory and practice. It is argued in this article that there are in fact four possible ways of relating theory and practice, which are distinguished in terms of the answers that are given to two distinct questions. Derived from this is the suggestion that all political theorists can be classified according to whether they are sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholic…
The Major Ideologies of Liberalism, Socialism and Conservatism
In the last thirty years ideologies have been treated as if they are contingent assemblages of concepts. This has complicated the study of ideologies so much that some philosophical consideration now seems necessary. In this article an original theory is put forward in which the three major ideologies of liberalism, socialism and conservatism are understood to be three differing views about the nature of the fundamental criterion by which politic…
The Demise of Education or the Eclipse of Compassion? Exploring the Causes of Academic Underachievement
Many stakeholders are concerned with the apparent failure of schools to facilitate children achieving at high levels. One explanation of the failure of schools takes a more narrowly focused educational view. In this perspective, the problem is one of inadequate standards and poor teachers. In a second, broadly societal view, the problem of student achievement seems to be a complex societal problem, not easily amendable to strictly educational sol…
The Contradictions of Conservatism
This article is a study of the contradictions of conservatism. It shows that most modern writers since Oakeshott have defined conservatism in an abstract manner. Here I argue that their definition, although not wrong, is an incomplete definition which is only coherent because it is incomplete. It is only the first stage in understanding conservatism, which has to be understood also as a negation of rival ideologies and, further, as a political po…
Three Rival Views of Tradition (Arendt, Oakeshott and MacIntyre)
If we define tradition too hastily we leave to one side the question of what the relevance of tradition is for us. Here the concept of tradition is opened up by considering the different views of it taken by Hannah Arendt, Michael Oakeshott and Alasdair MacIntyre. We see that each has put tradition into a fully developed picture of what our predicament is in modernity; and that each has differed in their assessment of what our relation to traditi…
The Risks, Costs, and Benefits of Possible Future Global Policies for Managing Polioviruses
Objectives. We assessed the costs, risks, and benefits of possible future major policy decisions on vaccination, surveillance, response plans, and containment following global eradication of wild polioviruses. Methods. We developed a decision analytic model to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and net benefits of risk management options for polio for the 20-year period and stratified the world according to income level to capture…
Political Culture in Post-Communist Russia
Taking a unique qualitative approach to studying Russian political culture, this book presents an in-depth analysis of the attitudes and activities of residents in two provincial capitals, Syktyvkar a
Books in review
Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl. leaf extract increases the production of IL-10 by concanavalin-A-treated Balb/c spleen cells
Uncertain conditions in the Russian transition
Surveying Attitudes in Russia
This article examines the expanding body of Western research focusing on Russian political culture. As Russia emerges from its authoritarian past, the political transition enveloping the country carries important significance for the study of political development in “post-authoritarian” societies. Upon finding a “formless” representation of Russian political culture in survey results, this article raises questions about the use of quantitative s…
Activities and Appointments
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button
The Bayeux Tapestry
The Major Ideologies of Liberalism, Socialism and Conservatism
In the last thirty years ideologies have been treated as if they are contingent assemblages of concepts. This has complicated the study of ideologies so much that some philosophical consideration now seems necessary. In this article an original theory is put forward in which the three major ideologies of liberalism, socialism and conservatism are understood to be three differing views about the nature of the fundamental criterion by which politic…
The Contradictions of Conservatism
This article is a study of the contradictions of conservatism. It shows that most modern writers since Oakeshott have defined conservatism in an abstract manner. Here I argue that their definition, although not wrong, is an incomplete definition which is only coherent because it is incomplete. It is only the first stage in understanding conservatism, which has to be understood also as a negation of rival ideologies and, further, as a political po…
Uncertain conditions in the Russian transition
A Systematic Theory of Tradition
We still lack a systematic or complete theory of tradition. By referring to the works of many major figures of the last century - Arendt, Boyer, Eisenstadt, Eliot, Gadamer, Goody, Hobsbawm, Kermode, Leavis, MacIntyre, Oakeshott, Pieper, Pocock, Popper, Prickett, Shils and others - I show that a theory of tradition must include insights taken not only from the study of sociology and anthropology, but also from the study of literature and religion …
A Sketch of a System of Theory and Practice
Most political theorists are committed to one particular view about the relation between theory and practice. It is argued in this article that there are in fact four possible ways of relating theory and practice, which are distinguished in terms of the answers that are given to two distinct questions. Derived from this is the suggestion that all political theorists can be classified according to whether they are sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholic…
Reaction in Politics
Reaction is a subject usually avoided by political theorists, since it raises awkward historical, philosophical and political questions. Perhaps philosophers of history might make better sense of it. In this article I claim that reaction has to be understood in relation to the concepts of revolution, tradition, progress and conservatism. I argue that the specific meaning of reaction is a response to the specific action that establishes the princi…
Three Rival Views of Tradition (Arendt, Oakeshott and MacIntyre)
If we define tradition too hastily we leave to one side the question of what the relevance of tradition is for us. Here the concept of tradition is opened up by considering the different views of it taken by Hannah Arendt, Michael Oakeshott and Alasdair MacIntyre. We see that each has put tradition into a fully developed picture of what our predicament is in modernity; and that each has differed in their assessment of what our relation to traditi…
Surveying Attitudes in Russia
This article examines the expanding body of Western research focusing on Russian political culture. As Russia emerges from its authoritarian past, the political transition enveloping the country carries important significance for the study of political development in “post-authoritarian” societies. Upon finding a “formless” representation of Russian political culture in survey results, this article raises questions about the use of quantitative s…
The economic structure of the City of London at the end of the seventeenth century
While there has been much interest recently in the early modern history of London there has been little work done on establishing a comprehensive picture of the City, the central core of its economy. The population history of the City has begun to be explored in a systematic way. The social and economic structure of one or two small areas has begun to be examined, both within the City and outside, in districts such as Southwark and the East End. …
Radical, Sceptical and Liberal Enlightenment
We still ask the question 'What is Enlightenment?' Every generation seems to offer new and contradictory answers to the question. In the last thirty or so years, the most interesting characterisations of Enlightenment have been by historians. They have told us that there is one Enlightenment, that there are two Enlightenments, that there are many Enlightenments. This has thrown up a second question, 'How Many Enlightenments?' In the spirit of col…
A genealogy of political theory
The Triumvirate of the Cambridge School
The Cambridge School of the history of political thought exists as a tradition of teaching in the History Faculty of Cambridge University, and as a set of works including famous books such as The Political Thought of John Locke, The Machiavellian Moment and The Foundations of Modern Political Thought. It acquired its distinctive status because of three methodological articles written in the 1960s by the triumvirate of J.G.A. Pocock, John Dunn and…
Three Ideas of the University
What is a university? In the nineteenth century John Henry Newman famously spoke of “the idea of a university.” This phrase has dominated all discussions of the nature of the university since. Most contemporary writers are against any attempt to theorise the university in terms of a single idea. But against the now standard view that universities should only be characterised empirically as institutions that perform many different activities, I at…
The Philosophy of Political History in Oakeshott and Collingwood
Every political philosopher has a philosophy of political history, if sometimes not a very good one. Oakeshott and Collingwood are two twentieth century political philosophers who were particularly concerned with the significance of history for political philosophy; and who both, in the 1940s, sketched what I call philosophies of political history: that is, systematic schemes which could make sense of the entire history of political philosophy. I…
New evidence on the Palatinate of Chester
Journal Article New evidence on the Palatinate of Chester Get access JAMES W. ALEXANDER JAMES W. ALEXANDER University of Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXV, Issue 337, October 1970, Pages 715–729, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXV.337.715 Published: 01 October 1970
Notes respecting the recent Excavations at Cambuskenneth Abbey
A notice of excavations taking place at Cambuskenneth Abbey near Stirling on the advice of members of the Society. Meeting notes for 13 June, 1864 are appended
A Brief Narrative of the Case and Trial of John Peter Zenger, Printer of The New York Weekly Journal
New evidence on the Palatinate of Chester
Journal Article New evidence on the Palatinate of Chester Get access JAMES W. ALEXANDER JAMES W. ALEXANDER University of Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume LXXXV, Issue 337, October 1970, Pages 715–729, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/LXXXV.337.715 Published: 01 October 1970
Nugae curialium
The political economy of proposition 13
The economic structure of the City of London at the end of the seventeenth century
While there has been much interest recently in the early modern history of London there has been little work done on establishing a comprehensive picture of the City, the central core of its economy. The population history of the City has begun to be explored in a systematic way. The social and economic structure of one or two small areas has begun to be examined, both within the City and outside, in districts such as Southwark and the East End. …
The Bayeux Tapestry
Activities and Appointments
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button
Surveying Attitudes in Russia
This article examines the expanding body of Western research focusing on Russian political culture. As Russia emerges from its authoritarian past, the political transition enveloping the country carries important significance for the study of political development in “post-authoritarian” societies. Upon finding a “formless” representation of Russian political culture in survey results, this article raises questions about the use of quantitative s…
Uncertain conditions in the Russian transition
Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl. leaf extract increases the production of IL-10 by concanavalin-A-treated Balb/c spleen cells
Political Culture in Post-Communist Russia
Taking a unique qualitative approach to studying Russian political culture, this book presents an in-depth analysis of the attitudes and activities of residents in two provincial capitals, Syktyvkar a
Books in review
The Risks, Costs, and Benefits of Possible Future Global Policies for Managing Polioviruses
Objectives. We assessed the costs, risks, and benefits of possible future major policy decisions on vaccination, surveillance, response plans, and containment following global eradication of wild polioviruses. Methods. We developed a decision analytic model to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and net benefits of risk management options for polio for the 20-year period and stratified the world according to income level to capture…
Three Rival Views of Tradition (Arendt, Oakeshott and MacIntyre)
If we define tradition too hastily we leave to one side the question of what the relevance of tradition is for us. Here the concept of tradition is opened up by considering the different views of it taken by Hannah Arendt, Michael Oakeshott and Alasdair MacIntyre. We see that each has put tradition into a fully developed picture of what our predicament is in modernity; and that each has differed in their assessment of what our relation to traditi…
The Demise of Education or the Eclipse of Compassion? Exploring the Causes of Academic Underachievement
Many stakeholders are concerned with the apparent failure of schools to facilitate children achieving at high levels. One explanation of the failure of schools takes a more narrowly focused educational view. In this perspective, the problem is one of inadequate standards and poor teachers. In a second, broadly societal view, the problem of student achievement seems to be a complex societal problem, not easily amendable to strictly educational sol…
The Contradictions of Conservatism
This article is a study of the contradictions of conservatism. It shows that most modern writers since Oakeshott have defined conservatism in an abstract manner. Here I argue that their definition, although not wrong, is an incomplete definition which is only coherent because it is incomplete. It is only the first stage in understanding conservatism, which has to be understood also as a negation of rival ideologies and, further, as a political po…
A Sketch of a System of Theory and Practice
Most political theorists are committed to one particular view about the relation between theory and practice. It is argued in this article that there are in fact four possible ways of relating theory and practice, which are distinguished in terms of the answers that are given to two distinct questions. Derived from this is the suggestion that all political theorists can be classified according to whether they are sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholic…
The Major Ideologies of Liberalism, Socialism and Conservatism
In the last thirty years ideologies have been treated as if they are contingent assemblages of concepts. This has complicated the study of ideologies so much that some philosophical consideration now seems necessary. In this article an original theory is put forward in which the three major ideologies of liberalism, socialism and conservatism are understood to be three differing views about the nature of the fundamental criterion by which politic…
The Philosophy of Political History in Oakeshott and Collingwood
Every political philosopher has a philosophy of political history, if sometimes not a very good one. Oakeshott and Collingwood are two twentieth century political philosophers who were particularly concerned with the significance of history for political philosophy; and who both, in the 1940s, sketched what I call philosophies of political history: that is, systematic schemes which could make sense of the entire history of political philosophy. I…
A Systematic Theory of Tradition
We still lack a systematic or complete theory of tradition. By referring to the works of many major figures of the last century - Arendt, Boyer, Eisenstadt, Eliot, Gadamer, Goody, Hobsbawm, Kermode, Leavis, MacIntyre, Oakeshott, Pieper, Pocock, Popper, Prickett, Shils and others - I show that a theory of tradition must include insights taken not only from the study of sociology and anthropology, but also from the study of literature and religion …
The Fundamental Contradiction of Modern Cosmopolitanism
This article is a study of that eminently European contribution to world politics: the idea of cosmopolitanism. The argument is that modern cosmopolitanism depends on two postulates which are contradictory. Cosmopolitans have always claimed, “There are two cities, one higher and one lower.” Modern cosmopolitans, however, claim, without abandoning the first postulate, “There is only one city.” In this article I ask four questions which enable the …
Reaction in Politics
Reaction is a subject usually avoided by political theorists, since it raises awkward historical, philosophical and political questions. Perhaps philosophers of history might make better sense of it. In this article I claim that reaction has to be understood in relation to the concepts of revolution, tradition, progress and conservatism. I argue that the specific meaning of reaction is a response to the specific action that establishes the princi…
A genealogy of political theory
Three Ideas of the University
What is a university? In the nineteenth century John Henry Newman famously spoke of “the idea of a university.” This phrase has dominated all discussions of the nature of the university since. Most contemporary writers are against any attempt to theorise the university in terms of a single idea. But against the now standard view that universities should only be characterised empirically as institutions that perform many different activities, I at…
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