R H Ward
Biographic Data
| ID | 3594588 |
|---|---|
| NAME | R H Ward |
| GIVEN NAMES | R H |
| FAMILY NAME | Ward |
| SIGNATURE | WARD R H |
| AFFILIATIONS | Simon Fraser University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 23 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1945 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Genealogies as Culture and Biology: A Tokelau Case Study
It has become dogma among cultural anthropologists that genealogies are primarily political documents which do not necessarily give reliable accounts of actual biological relationships. This paper examines this assertion in the light of social and serological evidence from one small Polynesian society. It is shown that, within certain limits, Tokelau genealogies do give accurate accounts of biological relationships, and provide a sound basis for …
Modeling dynamic skinfold compression
Real time compression of skinfolds was measured at three sites (triceps, abdominal medial calf), using a Slim Guide skinfold caliper adapted by the addition of a potentiometer, on eight males and eight females (age range 18-40 years). An average of eight trials for each subject at each site was used in modeling the compression curves. A mechanical model was developed, comprised of two parallel spring and viscous components in series with each oth…
Modeling dynamic skinfold compression
Real time compression of skinfolds was measured at three sites (triceps, abdominal medial calf), using a Slim Guide skinfold caliper adapted by the addition of a potentiometer, on eight males and eight females (age range 18–40 years). An average of eight trials for each subject at each site was used in modeling the compression curves. A mechanical model was developed, comprised of two parallel spring and viscous components in series with each oth…
Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in three Brazilian Indian tribes
The first 360 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) major noncoding region from 82 individuals affiliated with the Brazilian Xavante, Zoró and Gavião tribes were sequenced. A total of 14 different lineages were observed, the largest number (8) being found among the Zoró. The latter share five lineages with the Gavião (who are their neighbors and are culturally similar to them), but only one with the Xavante. The lineages can be grouped into…
Association of Young Maternal Age with Adverse Reproductive Outcomes
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy in adolescence is associated with an excess risk of poor outcomes, including low birth weight and prematurity. Whether this association simply reflects the deleterious sociodemographic environment of most pregnant teenagers or whether biologic immaturity is also causally implicated is not known. METHODS: To determine whether a young age confers an intrinsic risk of adverse outcomes of pregnancy, we performed stratified analy…
Association of Young Maternal Age with Adverse Reproductive Outcomes
Background Pregnancy in adolescence is associated with an excess risk of poor outcomes, including low birth weight and prematurity. Whether this association simply reflects the deleterious sociodemographic environment of most pregnant teenagers or whether biologic immaturity is also causally implicated is not known. Methods To determine whether a young age confers an intrinsic risk of adverse outcomes of pregnancy, we performed stratified analyse…
Extensive mitochondrial diversity within a single Amerindian tribe.
Sequencing of a 360-nucleotide segment of the mitochondrial control region for 63 individuals from an Amerindian tribe, the Nuu-Chah-Nulth of the Pacific Northwest, revealed the existence of 28 lineages defined by 26 variable positions. This represents a substantial level of mitochondrial diversity for a small local population. Furthermore, the sequence diversity among these Nuu-Chah-Nulth lineages is greater than 60% of the mitochondrial sequenc…
Biological variability in a migrating isolate, the Tokelau Islands: Child growth in different environments
The magnitude and rates of growth have been compared among two cross-sectional samples of Tokelau children on the basis of 26 anthropometric dimensions. One of the samples consisted of children living on the Tokelau Islands. The migrant sample consisted of children of Tokelau descent who were living in New Zealand. The comparison between samples suggest significant differences in the rate of linear growth at the younger ages. However, most differ…
Relationship of the body mass index with skinfolds, girths, and bone breadths in canadian men and women aged 20–70 years
The relationships of Quetelet index (w/h 2 ), or body mass index (BMI), with the sum of skinfolds at five sites, two skinfold‐corrected limb girths, and two bone breadths were studied in a cross‐sectional sample of 12,282 men and 6,593 women aged 20–70 years. The correlations of the BMI with skinfolds (0.50), bone breadths (0.51), and girths (0.58) were too low for individual prediction. Contingency tables of the BMI and sum of skinfold categorie…
Genetic and sociocultural components of high blood pressure
The cardiovascular diseases exert widely differing contributions to the total burden of mortality and morbidity in extant human populations. To a large extent these differences are a reflection of the variable distribution of specific antecedent risk factors. For one such risk factor, blood pressure, there is considerable variability in its distribution between different ethnic groups, especially between traditional and nontraditional societies. …
Genetic epidemiology: Promise or compromise
Although our ability to define “genetic syndromes” has increased exponentially, we are less able to identify the relevant etiological factors in a precise fashion. Similarly, there is only inadequate evaluation of the contribution that genetic factors make to the burden of ill health. Genetic epidemiology, which attempts to integrate concepts from quantitative and population genetics with epidemiological principles, gives promise of solving these…
Part VI: Evaluation of relative risks from the correlation between relatives: A theoretical approach
For simple Mendelian traits the relative risks in a certain type of relative can be determined when the phenotype (or genotype) of the proband is known. On the other hand, for a quantitative trait the relative contribution of gene and environment is determined by assembling data on correlation between relatives. When the trait is purely qualitative but the age of onset varies, the concept of correlation between relatives can be extended to the jo…
Genetic epidemiology in an anthropological context
The research strategy that is incorporated in the field of genetic epidemiology appears to have much to offer to anthropological studies—especially those dealing with the causes or consequences of disease in defined societies. However, a failure to appreciate the underlying principles of genetic epidemiology appear to have restricted its application in anthropological context. A brief description of genetic epidemiology is given and a research pa…
The Demographic Evolution of Human Populations
The demographic evolution of human populations
The genetic consequences of changing reproductive behaviour
Some Factors Underlying Racial Discrimination in Housing: A Preliminary Report on Manchester
Music and the Literary Person
Value of the Arts in Prisons
Genetic and sociocultural components of high blood pressure
The cardiovascular diseases exert widely differing contributions to the total burden of mortality and morbidity in extant human populations. To a large extent these differences are a reflection of the variable distribution of specific antecedent risk factors. For one such risk factor, blood pressure, there is considerable variability in its distribution between different ethnic groups, especially between traditional and nontraditional societies. …
Relationship of the body mass index with skinfolds, girths, and bone breadths in canadian men and women aged 20–70 years
The relationships of Quetelet index (w/h 2 ), or body mass index (BMI), with the sum of skinfolds at five sites, two skinfold‐corrected limb girths, and two bone breadths were studied in a cross‐sectional sample of 12,282 men and 6,593 women aged 20–70 years. The correlations of the BMI with skinfolds (0.50), bone breadths (0.51), and girths (0.58) were too low for individual prediction. Contingency tables of the BMI and sum of skinfold categorie…
Some Factors Underlying Racial Discrimination in Housing: A Preliminary Report on Manchester
The genetic consequences of changing reproductive behaviour
Part VI: Evaluation of relative risks from the correlation between relatives: A theoretical approach
For simple Mendelian traits the relative risks in a certain type of relative can be determined when the phenotype (or genotype) of the proband is known. On the other hand, for a quantitative trait the relative contribution of gene and environment is determined by assembling data on correlation between relatives. When the trait is purely qualitative but the age of onset varies, the concept of correlation between relatives can be extended to the jo…
Genetic epidemiology in an anthropological context
The research strategy that is incorporated in the field of genetic epidemiology appears to have much to offer to anthropological studies—especially those dealing with the causes or consequences of disease in defined societies. However, a failure to appreciate the underlying principles of genetic epidemiology appear to have restricted its application in anthropological context. A brief description of genetic epidemiology is given and a research pa…
Value of the Arts in Prisons
Music and the Literary Person
Some Factors Underlying Racial Discrimination in Housing: A Preliminary Report on Manchester
The demographic evolution of human populations
The genetic consequences of changing reproductive behaviour
The Demographic Evolution of Human Populations
Genetic epidemiology: Promise or compromise
Although our ability to define “genetic syndromes” has increased exponentially, we are less able to identify the relevant etiological factors in a precise fashion. Similarly, there is only inadequate evaluation of the contribution that genetic factors make to the burden of ill health. Genetic epidemiology, which attempts to integrate concepts from quantitative and population genetics with epidemiological principles, gives promise of solving these…
Part VI: Evaluation of relative risks from the correlation between relatives: A theoretical approach
For simple Mendelian traits the relative risks in a certain type of relative can be determined when the phenotype (or genotype) of the proband is known. On the other hand, for a quantitative trait the relative contribution of gene and environment is determined by assembling data on correlation between relatives. When the trait is purely qualitative but the age of onset varies, the concept of correlation between relatives can be extended to the jo…
Genetic epidemiology in an anthropological context
The research strategy that is incorporated in the field of genetic epidemiology appears to have much to offer to anthropological studies—especially those dealing with the causes or consequences of disease in defined societies. However, a failure to appreciate the underlying principles of genetic epidemiology appear to have restricted its application in anthropological context. A brief description of genetic epidemiology is given and a research pa…
Genetic and sociocultural components of high blood pressure
The cardiovascular diseases exert widely differing contributions to the total burden of mortality and morbidity in extant human populations. To a large extent these differences are a reflection of the variable distribution of specific antecedent risk factors. For one such risk factor, blood pressure, there is considerable variability in its distribution between different ethnic groups, especially between traditional and nontraditional societies. …
Relationship of the body mass index with skinfolds, girths, and bone breadths in canadian men and women aged 20–70 years
The relationships of Quetelet index (w/h 2 ), or body mass index (BMI), with the sum of skinfolds at five sites, two skinfold‐corrected limb girths, and two bone breadths were studied in a cross‐sectional sample of 12,282 men and 6,593 women aged 20–70 years. The correlations of the BMI with skinfolds (0.50), bone breadths (0.51), and girths (0.58) were too low for individual prediction. Contingency tables of the BMI and sum of skinfold categorie…
Extensive mitochondrial diversity within a single Amerindian tribe.
Sequencing of a 360-nucleotide segment of the mitochondrial control region for 63 individuals from an Amerindian tribe, the Nuu-Chah-Nulth of the Pacific Northwest, revealed the existence of 28 lineages defined by 26 variable positions. This represents a substantial level of mitochondrial diversity for a small local population. Furthermore, the sequence diversity among these Nuu-Chah-Nulth lineages is greater than 60% of the mitochondrial sequenc…
Biological variability in a migrating isolate, the Tokelau Islands: Child growth in different environments
The magnitude and rates of growth have been compared among two cross-sectional samples of Tokelau children on the basis of 26 anthropometric dimensions. One of the samples consisted of children living on the Tokelau Islands. The migrant sample consisted of children of Tokelau descent who were living in New Zealand. The comparison between samples suggest significant differences in the rate of linear growth at the younger ages. However, most differ…
Association of Young Maternal Age with Adverse Reproductive Outcomes
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy in adolescence is associated with an excess risk of poor outcomes, including low birth weight and prematurity. Whether this association simply reflects the deleterious sociodemographic environment of most pregnant teenagers or whether biologic immaturity is also causally implicated is not known. METHODS: To determine whether a young age confers an intrinsic risk of adverse outcomes of pregnancy, we performed stratified analy…
Association of Young Maternal Age with Adverse Reproductive Outcomes
Background Pregnancy in adolescence is associated with an excess risk of poor outcomes, including low birth weight and prematurity. Whether this association simply reflects the deleterious sociodemographic environment of most pregnant teenagers or whether biologic immaturity is also causally implicated is not known. Methods To determine whether a young age confers an intrinsic risk of adverse outcomes of pregnancy, we performed stratified analyse…
Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in three Brazilian Indian tribes
The first 360 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) major noncoding region from 82 individuals affiliated with the Brazilian Xavante, Zoró and Gavião tribes were sequenced. A total of 14 different lineages were observed, the largest number (8) being found among the Zoró. The latter share five lineages with the Gavião (who are their neighbors and are culturally similar to them), but only one with the Xavante. The lineages can be grouped into…
Modeling dynamic skinfold compression
Real time compression of skinfolds was measured at three sites (triceps, abdominal medial calf), using a Slim Guide skinfold caliper adapted by the addition of a potentiometer, on eight males and eight females (age range 18-40 years). An average of eight trials for each subject at each site was used in modeling the compression curves. A mechanical model was developed, comprised of two parallel spring and viscous components in series with each oth…
Modeling dynamic skinfold compression
Real time compression of skinfolds was measured at three sites (triceps, abdominal medial calf), using a Slim Guide skinfold caliper adapted by the addition of a potentiometer, on eight males and eight females (age range 18–40 years). An average of eight trials for each subject at each site was used in modeling the compression curves. A mechanical model was developed, comprised of two parallel spring and viscous components in series with each oth…
Genealogies as Culture and Biology: A Tokelau Case Study
It has become dogma among cultural anthropologists that genealogies are primarily political documents which do not necessarily give reliable accounts of actual biological relationships. This paper examines this assertion in the light of social and serological evidence from one small Polynesian society. It is shown that, within certain limits, Tokelau genealogies do give accurate accounts of biological relationships, and provide a sound basis for …
Biology (11 works) · Demography (10 works) · Medicine (7 works) · Population (7 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Evolutionary biology (6 works) · Mathematics (6 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · Genetics (5 works) · Psychology (5 works)