Andrew Mason
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3594655 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Andrew Mason |
| PRENOMES | Andrew |
| SOBRENOME | Mason |
| ASSINATURA | MASON A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Southampton |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4578-1800 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 77 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 301 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 75 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1976 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Towards a People-Centred Approach in Archaeological Heritage Management
For the heritage sector, engaging communities in the heritage process has become one of the most dominant issues to address in the twenty-first century. This is felt worldwide and across all heritage domains. It is an attempt to answer the need to improve living conditions and protect the planet’s environment. It is in this context that the editors of this volume aim to address the challenge of connecting archaeology and archaeological heritage m…
Combatting unjust exclusion and the limits of legitimate state power
Bodily Appearance, Respect for Persons, and Protecting the Vulnerable
What is it to treat people with respect when commenting upon their appearance? What duties does widespread vulnerability to body anxiety impose on us concerning the remarks we make about people’s looks? I provide partial answers to these questions by engaging with three proposals. First, the account of aesthetic exploration developed by Sherri Irvin. Second, the principle of the unmodified body defended by Clare Chambers. Third, the ideal of body…
Should the Equality Act 2010 Be Extended to Prohibit Appearance Discrimination
The UK Equality Act 2010 prohibits direct and indirect discrimination with respect to nine characteristics: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation. We argue that the best way of understanding the Act is to see it as protecting those who are vulnerable to systematic disadvantage, partly in virtue of being at risk of experiencing discrimina…
Six Ways Population Change Will Affect the Global Economy
New estimates of economic flows by age combined with population projections show that in the coming decades (1) global GDP growth could be slower by about 1 percentage point per year, declining more sharply than population growth; (2) GDP will shift toward sub-Saharan Africa more than population trends suggest; (3) living standards of working-age adults may be squeezed by high spending on children and seniors; (4) changing population age distribu…
What’s wrong with everyday lookism
Everyday lookism, by which I mean the widespread practice of commenting upon and judging the appearance of others, is often regarded as morally troubling. But when, and why, is it morally problematic? I argue that in many cases everyday lookism is wrongful because it involves morally objectionable appearance discrimination. I consider various respects in which everyday lookism can be morally objectionable in virtue of the acts of wrongful discrim…
The Political Morality of School Composition
This article presents a normative framework for the assessment of education policies and applies it to the issue of schools’ selecting their students on the basis of religious criteria. Such policies can be justified, and challenged, on many different grounds; public debate is not conducted in terms adequate to the task. The authors’ main objectives are to supplement with non-consequentialist considerations a recent, consequentialist, approach to…
Sea World – Gold Coast, Australia’s discourse of legitimation
Observation of Sea World – Gold Coast, Australia’s 2015 and 2018 onsite signage and live animal shows provides indication of a significant shift in legitimating rhetoric. The keeping of animals in captivity has become an increasingly contentious issue requiring zoos and marine parks to reposition themselves to remain viable as tourism enterprises to be sustained into the future. Recent protests by animal rights activists in Australia exemplifies …
The critique of multiculturalism in Britain
Multiculturalism as a political programme is under attack from politicians, journalists and academics. The criticisms it faces are many and varied: that it presupposes an essentialist conception of culture that treats culture as something which is static, homogeneous and bounded; that it gives unfair advantages to minority cultural and religious groups through special provisions such as exemptions from laws and policies; and that it encourages cu…
Justice, Feasibility, and Ideal Theory
A qualified pluralism is defended that recognizes value in a variety of forms of political theory and resists arguments that purport to show that one particular approach should occupy a privileged position. Against realists, it is argued that abstract analyses of political values that bracket a wide range of facts about people and their circumstances can be both coherent and important, whereas against those who think “ideal theory” or the identif…
Appearance, Discrimination, and Reaction Qualifications
When are selectors for advantaged social positions morally justified in giving weight to the appearance of the candidates? In order to address this issue adequately, we need to know when a person’s appearance can be a legitimate qualification for a position. Some of the hardest cases are jobs that involve interacting with clients or customers who prefer to deal with good-looking employees or who respond more favourably to them. But there is also …
Ancient Aesthetics
Ancient thought, particularly that of Plato and Aristotle, has played an important role in the development of the field of aesthetics, and the ideas of ancient thinkers are still influential and controversial today. Ancient Aesthetics introduces and discusses the central contributions of key ancient philosophers to this field, carefully considering their theories regarding the arts, especially poetry, but also music and visual art, as well as the…
Justice, Respect, and Treating People as Equals
Some believe that the ideal of social equality provides us with a very different way of thinking about justice to approaches which start from the question of how goods should be distributed among people. But insofar as this ideal provides a vision of a society of equals—a society whose members have equal standing because they are treated as equals, not only within its institutions and practices but also by each other in their ordinary interaction…
Is low fertility really a problem? Population aging, dependency, and consumption
Longer lives and fertility far below the replacement level of 2.1 births per woman are leading to rapid population aging in many countries. Many observers are concerned that aging will adversely affect public finances and standards of living. Analysis of newly available National Transfer Accounts data for 40 countries shows that fertility well above replacement would typically be most beneficial for government budgets. However, fertility near rep…
Living Together as Equals
"Traditional understandings of citizenship are facing a number of challenges. Ideas of cosmopolitan and environmental citizenship have emerged in the light of concerns about global inequality and climate change, whilst new models of multicultural citizenship have been developed in response to the dilemmas posed by immigration and the presence of national minorities. At the same time, more particular debates take place about the demands citizenshi…
What Is the Point of Justice
Conflicting answers to the question of what principles of justice are for may generate very different ways of theorizing about justice. Indeed divergent answers to it are at the heart of G. A. Cohen's disagreement with John Rawls. Cohen thinks that the roots of this disagreement lie in the constructivist method that Rawls employs, which mistakenly treats the principles that emerge from a procedure that involves factual assumptions as ultimate pri…
A Reply to Sleat
L aurence J. K otlikoff and S cott B urns , The Clash of Generations
Population Aging and the Generational Economy
Putting story‐reading to bed
Introduction
Citizenship has provided a focus for many of the most significant arguments about justice and democracy. Major theorists of justice, for instance, have tried to understand its contours by thinking
International Migration, Population Age Structure and Economic Growth in Asia
From receiving countries' point of view, immigration may be an attractive policy option because it may attenuate the pace of aging in countries further along in their demographic transitions. Immigration policy potentially has important economic implications for several reasons. First, solely due to the compositional effects associated with immigration, a larger share of the population could be concentrated in the working ages. Second, immigratio…
Generational Economics in a Changing World
v i e w 3 7 ( S u P P l e m e
Egalitarianism and the Levelling Down Objection
In an important piece of work Derek Parfit distinguishes two different forms of egalitarianism, 'Deontic' and 'Telic' (Parfit 1995; see also Parfit 1997). He contrasts these with what he calls the Priority View, which is not strictly a form of egalitarianism at all, since it is not essentially concerned with how well off people are relative to each other. His main aim is to generate an adequate taxonomy of the positions available, but in the proc…
Levelling the Playing Field
"Equality of Opportunity for all" is a fine piece of political rhetoric but the ideal that lies behind it is slippery to say the least. Some see it as an alternative to a more robust form of egalitarianism, whilst others think that when it is properly understood it provides us with a real radical vision of what it is to level the playing field. This book combines a meritocratic conception of equality of opportunity that governs access to advantag…
Fertility, Human Capital, and Economic Growth over the Demographic Transition
Do low fertility and population aging lead to economic decline if couples have fewer children, but invest more in each child? By addressing this question, this article extends previous work in which the authors show that population aging leads to an increased demand for wealth that can, under some conditions, lead to increased capital per worker and higher per capita consumption. This article is based on an overlapping generations (OLG) model whi…
Political Community, Liberal‐Nationalism, and the Ethics of Assimilation
Just Constraints
Political theorists disagree about the extent to which issues of feasibility, stability, institutional design and human nature can be bracketed in analysing the concept of justice. At one end of the spectrum some argue that no analysis of justice can be adequate in the absence of an account of how it could be implemented, whereas at the other end there are those who argue that principles of justice are logically independent of issues of feasibili…
Generational Economics in a Changing World
v i e w 3 7 ( S u P P l e m e
Spline Functions Fitted by Standard Regression Methods
IT sometimes happens that when a new mathematical or statistical procedure is adopted from one discipline into another, it arrives complete with terminology, usage and (these days) computer software devised for specialized application to problems in the parent area. This is probably inevitable, but until the new method is more broadly perceived its application may fall considerably short of its potential in the adopting discipline. A recent examp…
Politics and the State
Political theorists disagree about whether ‘politics' and ‘the political’ should be defined narrowly or broadly. Defenders of broad conceptions argue that narrow definitions exclude phenomena that ought to be included and lead us to misunderstand the relationship between different forces in society. Defenders of narrow conceptions argue that broad definitions collapse the distinction between the social and the political, and deprive politics of a…
Rawlsian Theory and the Circumstances of Politics
Can Rawlsian theory provide us with an adequate response to the practical question of how we should proceed in the face of widespread and intractable disagreement over matters of justice? Recent criticism of ideal theorizing might make us wonder whether this question highlights another way in which ideal theory can be too far removed from our non-ideal circumstances to provide any practical guidance. Further reflection on it does not show that id…
Some macroeconomic aspects of global population aging
Across the demographic transition, declining mortality followed by declining fertility produces decades of rising support ratios as child dependency falls. These improving support ratios raise per capita consumption, other things equal, but eventually deteriorate as the population ages. Population aging and the forces leading to it can produce not only frightening declines in support ratios but also very substantial increases in productivity and …
Introduction
Concerns about the social cohesion of societies are by no means a new phenom enon in politics. And, at least since Durkheim, social scientists have emphasized the need for commonalities between people to underpin collective action and solidar ity. Nevertheless, while not a new concern, it is striking how prominent social cohesion discourses have become in contemporary politics in the West. To a large extent this focus can be seen as a response to…
Integration, Cohesion and National Identity
Recent policy documents in Britain that have emphasized the importance of integration can be understood as addressing the question of what conditions are required in order to achieve and sustain a just society. The answer they give is that minority cultural groups need to be integrated into society, and that this involves community cohesion, secured through ‘meaningful contact’, and sharing a national identity based on common values. Here, it is …
Declining Fertility and the Rising Cost of Children
This paper examines, at the aggregate level, the relationship between cost of children and number of children (as measured by the total fertility rate) in Japan and other East Asian countries, using a new methodological approach called National Transfer Accounts (NTA). The private and public direct costs of children are measured by private and public transfers flowing into the 'child' age groups from older age groups. The estimated elasticity bet…
Sharing the Wealth. Demographic Change and Economic Transfers between Generations
1. Introduction PART I: INTERGENERATIONAL ACCOUNTING 2. Intergenerational Transfers and the Economic Life Cycle: A Cross-cultural Perspective 3. Dynasties, Intergenerational Transfers, and Life-cycle Income: A Case Study of Taiwan 4. Demographic Change, Generational Accounts, and National Saving in the United States PART II: GOVERNMENT-FUNDED PENSION PROGRAMMES 5. On the Rate of Return of Unfunded Pension Systems 6. Moving Social Security towards…
Six Ways Population Change Will Affect the Global Economy
New estimates of economic flows by age combined with population projections show that in the coming decades (1) global GDP growth could be slower by about 1 percentage point per year, declining more sharply than population growth; (2) GDP will shift toward sub-Saharan Africa more than population trends suggest; (3) living standards of working-age adults may be squeezed by high spending on children and seniors; (4) changing population age distribu…
What’s wrong with everyday lookism
Everyday lookism, by which I mean the widespread practice of commenting upon and judging the appearance of others, is often regarded as morally troubling. But when, and why, is it morally problematic? I argue that in many cases everyday lookism is wrongful because it involves morally objectionable appearance discrimination. I consider various respects in which everyday lookism can be morally objectionable in virtue of the acts of wrongful discrim…
Environmental Obligations and the Limits of Transnational Citizenship
Notions of cosmopolitan and environmental citizenship have emerged in response to concerns about environmental sustainability and global inequality. But even if there are obligations of egalitarian justice that extend across state boundaries, or obligations of environmental justice to use resources in a sustainable way that are owed to those beyond our borders, it is far from clear that these are best conceptualised as obligations of global or en…
Why Countries Become Wealthy
Sex selection with biased technologies and its effect on the population sex ratio
Current biomedical research on sex selection techniques may soon offer couples the opportunity to choose the sex of their children with greater certainty. A technique planned for marketing by mid-I978 can increase the probability of bearing a son to as much as 0.90. However, couples who wish to improve their chances of bearing a daughter have no such opportunity. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, a decision-making model is provided wh…
Saving, Economic Growth, and Demographic Change
How important is a high rate of savings to rapid economic growth and how does rapid economic growth affect efforts to raise the rate of savings? These are highly important issues to a debtor company trying to reduce its foreign debt. Study has shown that a higher national savings rate is an important macroeconomic goal in the developing world. Using the models of Japan and the U.S. it is apparent how a higher national rate of savings and investme…
Should the Equality Act 2010 Be Extended to Prohibit Appearance Discrimination
The UK Equality Act 2010 prohibits direct and indirect discrimination with respect to nine characteristics: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation. We argue that the best way of understanding the Act is to see it as protecting those who are vulnerable to systematic disadvantage, partly in virtue of being at risk of experiencing discrimina…
The Political Morality of School Composition
This article presents a normative framework for the assessment of education policies and applies it to the issue of schools’ selecting their students on the basis of religious criteria. Such policies can be justified, and challenged, on many different grounds; public debate is not conducted in terms adequate to the task. The authors’ main objectives are to supplement with non-consequentialist considerations a recent, consequentialist, approach to…
Appearance, Discrimination, and Reaction Qualifications
When are selectors for advantaged social positions morally justified in giving weight to the appearance of the candidates? In order to address this issue adequately, we need to know when a person’s appearance can be a legitimate qualification for a position. Some of the hardest cases are jobs that involve interacting with clients or customers who prefer to deal with good-looking employees or who respond more favourably to them. But there is also …
Ancient Aesthetics
Ancient thought, particularly that of Plato and Aristotle, has played an important role in the development of the field of aesthetics, and the ideas of ancient thinkers are still influential and controversial today. Ancient Aesthetics introduces and discusses the central contributions of key ancient philosophers to this field, carefully considering their theories regarding the arts, especially poetry, but also music and visual art, as well as the…
Equality of Opportunity and Differences in Social Circumstances
It is often supposed that the point of equality of opportunity is to create a level playing-field. This is understood in different ways, however. A common proposal is what I call the neutralization view: that people's social circumstances should not differentially affect their life chances in any serious way. I raise problems with this view, before developing an alternative conception of equal opportunity which allows some variations in social ci…
Population aging and the extended family in Taiwan
Population aging produces changes in the availability of kin with uncertain implications for extended living arrangements. We propose a highly stylized model that can be used to analyze and project age-specific proportions of adults living in extended
Population and housing
Short notices
David P. Henige, The Chronology of Oral Tradition: Quest for a Chimera (1974), x+265 (Clarendon Press, Oxford, no price). Georges Dupeux, French Society 1789‐1870 (1976), ix+294 (Methuen, £7.50, paperback £3.90). Jürgen Schlumbohm, Freiheit ‐ Die Anfänge der bürgerlichen Emanzipationsbewegung in Deutschland im Spiegel ihres Leitwortes (ca. 1760‐ca. 1800) (1975), 299 (Schwann, Dusseldorf, 38 DM). (Freedom ‐ The beginnings of the movement for the e…
The Artist and Politics in Günter Grass' Aus Dem Tagebuch Einer Schnecke
Sex selection with biased technologies and its effect on the population sex ratio
Current biomedical research on sex selection techniques may soon offer couples the opportunity to choose the sex of their children with greater certainty. A technique planned for marketing by mid-I978 can increase the probability of bearing a son to as much as 0.90. However, couples who wish to improve their chances of bearing a daughter have no such opportunity. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, a decision-making model is provided wh…
Spline Functions Fitted by Standard Regression Methods
IT sometimes happens that when a new mathematical or statistical procedure is adopted from one discipline into another, it arrives complete with terminology, usage and (these days) computer software devised for specialized application to problems in the parent area. This is probably inevitable, but until the new method is more broadly perceived its application may fall considerably short of its potential in the adopting discipline. A recent examp…
Intergenerational Differences in Income
The economic and demographic changes that have occurred over the past 25 years in Japan were analyzed and their effects on intergenerational differences in income were assessed. The term generation is defined here by focusing on a cohort i.e. all members of a population born in year b. The members of this cohort have direct or lineal family relationships with members of 2 other generations: the older generation which consists of all living parent…
The replacement effect and comparisons of per capita income across countries
This article is intended to clarify two aspects of Leibenstein’s replacement effect that have not been adequately addressed in print. First, formal analysis of the replacement effect demonstrates that it is not determined by the quality of entering and departing workers alone but, rather, by the entire age schedule of labor quality. Second, a simple model is used to demonstrate the absence of welfare implications associated with the replacement e…
Saving, Economic Growth, and Demographic Change
How important is a high rate of savings to rapid economic growth and how does rapid economic growth affect efforts to raise the rate of savings? These are highly important issues to a debtor company trying to reduce its foreign debt. Study has shown that a higher national savings rate is an important macroeconomic goal in the developing world. Using the models of Japan and the U.S. it is apparent how a higher national rate of savings and investme…
On explaining political disagreement
Although the notion of an essentially contested concept may shed light on the logic of disputes over the proper application of some key political terms, it nevertheless plays no genuine role in explaining the intractability of these disputes. The notion of an essentially contested concept is defended against some influential criticisms, showing how it is possible for one conception of an essentially contested concept to be justifiably regarded as…
Gilligan's Conception of Moral Maturity
Politics and the State
Political theorists disagree about whether ‘politics' and ‘the political’ should be defined narrowly or broadly. Defenders of broad conceptions argue that narrow definitions exclude phenomena that ought to be included and lead us to misunderstand the relationship between different forces in society. Defenders of narrow conceptions argue that broad definitions collapse the distinction between the social and the political, and deprive politics of a…
Explaining Political Disagreement
This book considers a variety of explanations of why political disagreement is so extensive and persistent. The author examines variants of the 'contestability' and 'imperfection' conceptions which have dominated political theory: the idea that political disagreement is so pervasive because of its value-ladenness; that key political concepts are essentially contested; that those who occupy very different political positions fail to understand eac…
The Reverend John Ashburne (c.1611-61) and the origins of the Private Madhouse System
Immortality in the Timaeus
L'interpretation traditionnelle du «Timee» de Platon sur la destinee des âmes parle d'une immortalite de la partie superieure, rationnelle, par opposition aux deux autres, plus «basses». L'A. defend cette conception contre l'interpretation de Robinson, qui voit l'âme comme eternelle egalement dans sa composition tripartite, ce qui remettrait en question le role du Demiurge et de la reincarnation
Isobel Rae and John Lawson, Doctor Grigor of Nairn
Jim Skelton, Speybuilt, the story of a forgotten industry Ian Hustwick, Moray Firth Ships and Trade during the Nineteenth Century
The state, national identity and distributive justice
This article explores the issue of whether socialists and left‐liberals commit themselves to valuing a shared national identity by defending redistributive policies. It begins by criticising Michael Sandel's argument that Rawls and other ‘deontological liberals’ cannot defend principles of justice which require redistribution unless they view the self as partially constituted by its attachment to the community over which redistribution is to occu…
Justice, Contestability, and Conceptions of the Good
Brian Barry's Justice as Impartiality is a highly enjoyable and rewarding book. It throws new light on some familiar theories of justice, and shows how the idea that principles of justice are those principles which no one could reasonably reject can yield prescriptions for constitutional design. But I shall argue that Barry's defence of his theory is less robust than he thinks, and more generally that there is reason to suppose that principles of…
Population and housing
Workers' Unfreedom and Women's Unfreedom
The dialogue between Marxists and feminists has not always been fruitful, but even if Marxist theory and feminist theory are irreconcilable there may still be significant analogies between their doctrines. This paper suggests that there is a significant analogy between the nature and undesirability of the unfreedom from which, according to Marxist theory, workers suffer, and the nature and undesirability of the unfreedom from which, according to …
MacIntyre on Modernity and How It Has Marginalized the Virtues
Political philosophers have again become concerned with the role of the virtues in justifying social, political, and economic arrangements, and have explored the issue of which institutions can provide space for the virtues to flourish. In After Virtue, MacIntyre launched an attack on liberalism, arguing that the institutions it defends undermine the virtues. This paper examines MacIntyre's account and the responses it has provoked. It argues tha…
Imposing liberal principles
(1998). Imposing liberal principles. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy: Vol. 1, Pluralsim and Liberal Neutrality, pp. 98-116
Political Community, Liberal‐Nationalism, and the Ethics of Assimilation
Xi
A number of egalitarians have reached the conclusion that inequalities are just provided that they are the outcome of holding people appropriately responsible for their choices, and that only inequalities which can be traced back to the circumstances in which people happen to find themselves are objectionable. But this form of egalitarianism needs to be supplemented with an account of when it is appropriate to hold people responsible for their ch…
Equality, Personal Responsibility, and Gender Socialisation
A number of egalitarians have reached the conclusion that inequalities are just provided that they are the outcome of holding people appropriately responsible for their choices, and that only inequalities which can be traced back to the circumstances in which people happen to find themselves are objectionable. But this form of egalitarianism needs to be supplemented with an account of when it is appropriate to hold people responsible for their ch…
Community, Solidarity and Belonging
Sociology (55 obras) · Political science (47 obras) · Law (38 obras) · Politics (31 obras) · Philosophy (30 obras) · Economics (29 obras) · Political Philosophy and Ethics (29 obras) · Epistemology (27 obras) · Law (24 obras) · Law and economics (21 obras)