Jeff Stone
Biographic Data
| ID | 3601614 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jeff Stone |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jeff |
| FAMILY NAME | Stone |
| SIGNATURE | STONE J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Arizona |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7766-2753 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 231 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 28 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Translating Social Psychology for Addressing Implicit Bias in Health Care
Reseach indicates that healthcare providers' interpersonal biases toward marginalized patients are linked to poorer clinical judgments, strained interactions, and worse health outcomes. These biases often lead patients to disengage from care, including avoiding future visits to the same providers or clinics, and possibly seek fewer effective alternatives for treating disease. In this paper, we use the clinical and translational science (CTS) fram…
Empathic Communication and Implicit Bias in the Context of Cancer Among a Medical Student Sample
Oncology clinicians often miss opportunities to communicate empathy to patients. The current study examined the relationship between implicit bias (based on cancer type and ethnicity) and medical students’ empathic communication in encounters with standardized patients who presented as Hispanic (lung or colorectal) individuals diagnosed with cancer. Participants (101 medical students) completed the Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure impli…
A Brief Online Implicit Bias Intervention for School Mental Health Clinicians
Clinician bias has been identified as a potential contributor to persistent healthcare disparities across many medical specialties and service settings. Few studies have examined strategies to reduce clinician bias, especially in mental healthcare, despite decades of research evidencing service and outcome disparities in adult and pediatric populations. This manuscript describes an intervention development study and a pilot feasibility trial of t…
Race and Gender-Based Perceptions of Older Adults
The Relationship Between Racial Prejudice and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Risk at the State and County Level
This evidence suggests that across racial groups, holding racial prejudice is associated with CVD mortality risk for both the prejudiced and the stigmatized groups. Future research should verify the reliability of this potential public health effect with additional work explicating moderators and mediators to inform surveillance and interventions
Investigating the Relationship between Resident Physician Implicit Bias and Language Use during a Clinical Encounter with Hispanic Patients
Prior research suggests that the implicit biases of physicians are negatively associated with quality of medical care and patient satisfaction among minority patients. However, relatively little is known about how physicians express these subtle forms of bias in patient interactions. This study examined the implicit and explicit anti-Hispanic biases of 53 resident physicians and the relationship between anti-Hispanic bias and language use during …
Health Care Providers’ Negative Implicit Attitudes and Stereotypes of American Indians
One and Done
Since 2006, the so-called one and done rule prevents American high school players from joining the National Basketball Association (NBA) without at least 1 year of college basketball experience. While there is debate about the pros and cons of the one and done rule, few studies have fully examined how minimal (or no) college experience relates to performance in the NBA. The current study used publicly available offensive and defensive statistics …
Experimental evidence that a patient’s tattoo increases their assigned health care cost liability
Despite the growing popularity of tattoos, research suggests that individuals with tattoos are stigmatized in the United States. However, minimal research has examined potential disparities faced by tattooed individuals in the health care domain. Two studies examined perceivers’ illness responsibili
Testing active learning workshops for reducing implicit stereotyping of Hispanics by majority and minority group medical students
The present research tested if having first year medical students complete active learning workshops would reduce their implicit stereotyping of Hispanics as medically noncompliant. The workshops were tested with 78-majority (White) group, 16-target minority (Hispanic, African-American and American-Indian) group, and 42-non-target minority (Asian-American and foreign born students from East Asia and Southeast Asia) group students in the 2018 and …
Examining the presence, consequences, and reduction of implicit bias in health care
Recent evidence suggests that one possible cause of disparities in health outcomes for stigmatized groups is the implicit biases held by health care providers. In response, several health care organizations have called for, and developed, new training in implicit bias for their providers. This review examines current evidence on the role that provider implicit bias may play in health disparities, and whether training in implicit bias can effectiv…
How group processes influence, maintain, and overcome health disparities
This special issue of Group Processes and Intergroup Relations presents new theory and research on how group processes influence, maintain, and overcome health disparities. We present eight papers that document the causes and consequences of health disparities from the perspective of stigmatized and disadvantaged groups, health care providers, and during the course of interaction between patients and providers. Several papers describe interventio…
Evidence of negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face
Three studies examined if people express negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face. In Study 1, participants who completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) expressed moderately negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tribal tattoo on one side of the neck. Study 2 replicated Study 1 when the tattoo was symmetrical, suggesting that negative affect, and not processing fluency, underlies the implicit n…
Vicarious hypocrisy
Self-Monitoring Strategies as a Unique Predictor of Latino Male Student Achievement
We examined how self-monitoring (i.e., regulating one’s behaviors; Snyder, 1987) relates to Latino male achievement. In Study 1, college students (N = 413) completed self-monitoring items and reported SAT math scores. As hypothesized, self-monitoring was positively correlated with achievement for Latino male students but was unrelated to achievement for Latina and White male and female students. Study 2 used a high school sample (N = 174) and obs…
Implicit Stereotyping and Medical Decisions
Objectives. We investigated whether stereotypes unconsciously influence the thinking and behavior of physicians, as they have been shown to do in other professional settings, such as among law enforcement personnel and teachers. Methods. We conducted 2 studies to examine whether stereotypes are implicitly activated in physicians. Study 1 assessed what diseases and treatments doctors associate with African Americans. Study 2 presented these (and c…
Hypocrisy, dissonance and the self-regulation processes that improve health
This paper explores the use of hypocrisy and cognitive dissonance for motivating changes in health. Hypocrisy occurs when people publicly advocate a health behavior and are then made mindful that they have not performed the target health behavior regularly in the past. The discrepancy poses a threat to their self-integrity, which hypocrites reduce by bringing their own health attitudes and behavior into line with the standards for good health. Af…
Compensatory cognition associated with egalitarian goals
Thanks for asking
The Role of Gender Identities and Stereotype Salience With the Academic Performance of Male and Female College Athletes
An experiment was conducted to examine factors that moderate the experience of academic identity threat among college athletes who represent a stigmatized group on most college campuses (Yopyk & Prentice, 2005). It was hypothesized that because they are more engaged in academics, female college athletes would be especially threatened by the prospect of confirming the 'dumb-jock' stereotype. As predicted, female college athletes performed more poo…
Evidence that blatant versus subtle stereotype threat cues impact performance through dual processes
The effect of self-attribute relevance on how self-esteem moderates attitude change in dissonance processes
Battling Doubt by Avoiding Practice
Two experiments examined the use of behavioral self-handicapping as a strategy for coping with stereotype threat. Using sports as the performance context, it was predicted that if a sports test was framed as a measure of “natural athletic ability,” White participants would feel threatened about confirming the negative stereotype about poor White athleticism and would practice less before the test as compared to control groups. The data from Exper…
A Self-Standards Model of Cognitive Dissonance
The reinstatement of dissonance and psychological discomfort following failed affirmations
The research in this article examined the consequences of a failed attempt to reduce dissonance through a self-affirmation strategy. It was hypothesized that disconfirming participants' affirmations would reinstate psychological discomfort and dissonance motivation. In Experiment 1, high-dissonance participants who affirmed on a self-relevant value scale and received disconforming feedback about their affirmations expressed greater psychological …
Stereotype threat effects on Black and White athletic performance
Two experiments showed that framing an athletic task as diagnostic of negative racial stereotypes about Black or White athletes can impede their performance in sports. In Experiment 1, Black participants performed significantly worse than did control participants when performance on a golf task was framed as diagnostic of "sports intelligence. " In comparison, White participants performed worse than did control participants when the golf task was…
A Self-Standards Model of Cognitive Dissonance
When exemplification fails
Two experiments investigated how the dissonance that follows a hypocritical behavior is reduced when 2 alternatives are available; a direct strategy (changing behavior to make it less hypocritical) or an indirect strategy (the affirmation of an unrelated positive aspect of the self). In Experiment 1, after dissonance was aroused by hypocrisy, significantly more participants chose to reduce dissonance directly, despite the clear availability of a …
Implicit Stereotyping and Medical Decisions
Objectives. We investigated whether stereotypes unconsciously influence the thinking and behavior of physicians, as they have been shown to do in other professional settings, such as among law enforcement personnel and teachers. Methods. We conducted 2 studies to examine whether stereotypes are implicitly activated in physicians. Study 1 assessed what diseases and treatments doctors associate with African Americans. Study 2 presented these (and c…
The Role of Gender Identities and Stereotype Salience With the Academic Performance of Male and Female College Athletes
An experiment was conducted to examine factors that moderate the experience of academic identity threat among college athletes who represent a stigmatized group on most college campuses (Yopyk & Prentice, 2005). It was hypothesized that because they are more engaged in academics, female college athletes would be especially threatened by the prospect of confirming the 'dumb-jock' stereotype. As predicted, female college athletes performed more poo…
Thanks for asking
Evidence that blatant versus subtle stereotype threat cues impact performance through dual processes
Compensatory cognition associated with egalitarian goals
Testing active learning workshops for reducing implicit stereotyping of Hispanics by majority and minority group medical students
The present research tested if having first year medical students complete active learning workshops would reduce their implicit stereotyping of Hispanics as medically noncompliant. The workshops were tested with 78-majority (White) group, 16-target minority (Hispanic, African-American and American-Indian) group, and 42-non-target minority (Asian-American and foreign born students from East Asia and Southeast Asia) group students in the 2018 and …
The effect of self-attribute relevance on how self-esteem moderates attitude change in dissonance processes
Translating Social Psychology for Addressing Implicit Bias in Health Care
Reseach indicates that healthcare providers' interpersonal biases toward marginalized patients are linked to poorer clinical judgments, strained interactions, and worse health outcomes. These biases often lead patients to disengage from care, including avoiding future visits to the same providers or clinics, and possibly seek fewer effective alternatives for treating disease. In this paper, we use the clinical and translational science (CTS) fram…
Investigating the Relationship between Resident Physician Implicit Bias and Language Use during a Clinical Encounter with Hispanic Patients
Prior research suggests that the implicit biases of physicians are negatively associated with quality of medical care and patient satisfaction among minority patients. However, relatively little is known about how physicians express these subtle forms of bias in patient interactions. This study examined the implicit and explicit anti-Hispanic biases of 53 resident physicians and the relationship between anti-Hispanic bias and language use during …
Evidence of negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face
Three studies examined if people express negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face. In Study 1, participants who completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) expressed moderately negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tribal tattoo on one side of the neck. Study 2 replicated Study 1 when the tattoo was symmetrical, suggesting that negative affect, and not processing fluency, underlies the implicit n…
A Brief Online Implicit Bias Intervention for School Mental Health Clinicians
Clinician bias has been identified as a potential contributor to persistent healthcare disparities across many medical specialties and service settings. Few studies have examined strategies to reduce clinician bias, especially in mental healthcare, despite decades of research evidencing service and outcome disparities in adult and pediatric populations. This manuscript describes an intervention development study and a pilot feasibility trial of t…
One and Done
Since 2006, the so-called one and done rule prevents American high school players from joining the National Basketball Association (NBA) without at least 1 year of college basketball experience. While there is debate about the pros and cons of the one and done rule, few studies have fully examined how minimal (or no) college experience relates to performance in the NBA. The current study used publicly available offensive and defensive statistics …
How group processes influence, maintain, and overcome health disparities
This special issue of Group Processes and Intergroup Relations presents new theory and research on how group processes influence, maintain, and overcome health disparities. We present eight papers that document the causes and consequences of health disparities from the perspective of stigmatized and disadvantaged groups, health care providers, and during the course of interaction between patients and providers. Several papers describe interventio…
Inducing Hypocrisy as a Means of Encouraging Young Adults to Use Condoms
This experiment applied a new twist on cognitive dissonance theory to the problem of AIDS prevention among sexually active young adults. Dissonance was created after a proattitudinal advocacy by inducing hypocrisy-having subjects publicly advocate the importance of safe sex and then systematically making the subjects mindful of their own past failures to use condoms. It was predicted that the induction of hypocrisy would motivate subjects to redu…
When exemplification fails
Two experiments investigated how the dissonance that follows a hypocritical behavior is reduced when 2 alternatives are available; a direct strategy (changing behavior to make it less hypocritical) or an indirect strategy (the affirmation of an unrelated positive aspect of the self). In Experiment 1, after dissonance was aroused by hypocrisy, significantly more participants chose to reduce dissonance directly, despite the clear availability of a …
Stereotype threat effects on Black and White athletic performance
Two experiments showed that framing an athletic task as diagnostic of negative racial stereotypes about Black or White athletes can impede their performance in sports. In Experiment 1, Black participants performed significantly worse than did control participants when performance on a golf task was framed as diagnostic of "sports intelligence. " In comparison, White participants performed worse than did control participants when the golf task was…
The reinstatement of dissonance and psychological discomfort following failed affirmations
The research in this article examined the consequences of a failed attempt to reduce dissonance through a self-affirmation strategy. It was hypothesized that disconfirming participants' affirmations would reinstate psychological discomfort and dissonance motivation. In Experiment 1, high-dissonance participants who affirmed on a self-relevant value scale and received disconforming feedback about their affirmations expressed greater psychological …
A Self-Standards Model of Cognitive Dissonance
Battling Doubt by Avoiding Practice
Two experiments examined the use of behavioral self-handicapping as a strategy for coping with stereotype threat. Using sports as the performance context, it was predicted that if a sports test was framed as a measure of “natural athletic ability,” White participants would feel threatened about confirming the negative stereotype about poor White athleticism and would practice less before the test as compared to control groups. The data from Exper…
The effect of self-attribute relevance on how self-esteem moderates attitude change in dissonance processes
Evidence that blatant versus subtle stereotype threat cues impact performance through dual processes
The Role of Gender Identities and Stereotype Salience With the Academic Performance of Male and Female College Athletes
An experiment was conducted to examine factors that moderate the experience of academic identity threat among college athletes who represent a stigmatized group on most college campuses (Yopyk & Prentice, 2005). It was hypothesized that because they are more engaged in academics, female college athletes would be especially threatened by the prospect of confirming the 'dumb-jock' stereotype. As predicted, female college athletes performed more poo…
Compensatory cognition associated with egalitarian goals
Thanks for asking
Hypocrisy, dissonance and the self-regulation processes that improve health
This paper explores the use of hypocrisy and cognitive dissonance for motivating changes in health. Hypocrisy occurs when people publicly advocate a health behavior and are then made mindful that they have not performed the target health behavior regularly in the past. The discrepancy poses a threat to their self-integrity, which hypocrites reduce by bringing their own health attitudes and behavior into line with the standards for good health. Af…
Implicit Stereotyping and Medical Decisions
Objectives. We investigated whether stereotypes unconsciously influence the thinking and behavior of physicians, as they have been shown to do in other professional settings, such as among law enforcement personnel and teachers. Methods. We conducted 2 studies to examine whether stereotypes are implicitly activated in physicians. Study 1 assessed what diseases and treatments doctors associate with African Americans. Study 2 presented these (and c…
Self-Monitoring Strategies as a Unique Predictor of Latino Male Student Achievement
We examined how self-monitoring (i.e., regulating one’s behaviors; Snyder, 1987) relates to Latino male achievement. In Study 1, college students (N = 413) completed self-monitoring items and reported SAT math scores. As hypothesized, self-monitoring was positively correlated with achievement for Latino male students but was unrelated to achievement for Latina and White male and female students. Study 2 used a high school sample (N = 174) and obs…
Evidence of negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face
Three studies examined if people express negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tattoo near the face. In Study 1, participants who completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) expressed moderately negative implicit attitudes toward individuals with a tribal tattoo on one side of the neck. Study 2 replicated Study 1 when the tattoo was symmetrical, suggesting that negative affect, and not processing fluency, underlies the implicit n…
Vicarious hypocrisy
Examining the presence, consequences, and reduction of implicit bias in health care
Recent evidence suggests that one possible cause of disparities in health outcomes for stigmatized groups is the implicit biases held by health care providers. In response, several health care organizations have called for, and developed, new training in implicit bias for their providers. This review examines current evidence on the role that provider implicit bias may play in health disparities, and whether training in implicit bias can effectiv…
How group processes influence, maintain, and overcome health disparities
This special issue of Group Processes and Intergroup Relations presents new theory and research on how group processes influence, maintain, and overcome health disparities. We present eight papers that document the causes and consequences of health disparities from the perspective of stigmatized and disadvantaged groups, health care providers, and during the course of interaction between patients and providers. Several papers describe interventio…
Experimental evidence that a patient’s tattoo increases their assigned health care cost liability
Despite the growing popularity of tattoos, research suggests that individuals with tattoos are stigmatized in the United States. However, minimal research has examined potential disparities faced by tattooed individuals in the health care domain. Two studies examined perceivers’ illness responsibili
Testing active learning workshops for reducing implicit stereotyping of Hispanics by majority and minority group medical students
The present research tested if having first year medical students complete active learning workshops would reduce their implicit stereotyping of Hispanics as medically noncompliant. The workshops were tested with 78-majority (White) group, 16-target minority (Hispanic, African-American and American-Indian) group, and 42-non-target minority (Asian-American and foreign born students from East Asia and Southeast Asia) group students in the 2018 and …
Health Care Providers’ Negative Implicit Attitudes and Stereotypes of American Indians
One and Done
Since 2006, the so-called one and done rule prevents American high school players from joining the National Basketball Association (NBA) without at least 1 year of college basketball experience. While there is debate about the pros and cons of the one and done rule, few studies have fully examined how minimal (or no) college experience relates to performance in the NBA. The current study used publicly available offensive and defensive statistics …
Race and Gender-Based Perceptions of Older Adults
The Relationship Between Racial Prejudice and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Risk at the State and County Level
This evidence suggests that across racial groups, holding racial prejudice is associated with CVD mortality risk for both the prejudiced and the stigmatized groups. Future research should verify the reliability of this potential public health effect with additional work explicating moderators and mediators to inform surveillance and interventions
Investigating the Relationship between Resident Physician Implicit Bias and Language Use during a Clinical Encounter with Hispanic Patients
Prior research suggests that the implicit biases of physicians are negatively associated with quality of medical care and patient satisfaction among minority patients. However, relatively little is known about how physicians express these subtle forms of bias in patient interactions. This study examined the implicit and explicit anti-Hispanic biases of 53 resident physicians and the relationship between anti-Hispanic bias and language use during …
Psychology (27 works) · Social Psychology (22 works) · Social Psychology (20 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (18 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research (8 works) · Cognitive dissonance (7 works) · Political science (6 works) · Clinical Psychology (5 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (5 works)