Simon Chapman
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3603863 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Simon Chapman |
| NOMBRES | Simon |
| APELLIDO | Chapman |
| FIRMA | CHAPMAN S |
| AFILIACIONES | The University of Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7680-5049 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 97 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 274 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 98 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1979 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 10 |
Reporting Conflicts of Interest
Reporting Conflicts of Interest Mike Daube BA (Hons), and Simon Chapman PhD Affiliation Mike Daube with the Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. Simon Chapman is with Public Health at the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Emeritus Professor Mike Daube, PO Box 834, Western Australia 6904 (e-mail: [email protected]). Reprints can be ordered at http://www.ajph.o…
Response to Mendelsohn, Borland and Hall's ‘Could vaping help lower smoking rates in Australia?’
The authors have no conflicts of interest
Invalidity of an Oft-Cited Estimate of the Relative Harms of Electronic Cigarettes
Development and validation of a smoking rationalization scale for male smokers in China
The purpose of this study is to develop a smoking rationalization scale for Chinese male smokers. A total of 35 focus groups and 19 one-on-one interviews were conducted to collect items of the scale. Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to identify the underlying structure of the scale. Results found a 26-item scale within six dimensions (smoking functional beliefs, risk generalization beliefs, social accept…
Thank you to our reviewers
Is It Unethical to Use Fear in Public Health Campaigns
AffiliationsSimon Chapman is with the School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Caldecote
Caldecote
Measured, opportunistic, unexpected and naïve quitting
Quitting typically included elements of spontaneity (impulsive behaviour) and preparation (reflective behaviour), and, importantly, the investment of time and cognitive effort by participants prior to quitting. Remarkably few participants quit completely out-of-the-blue with little or no preparation. Findings are discussed in relation to stages-of-change theory, catastrophe theory, and dual process theories, focusing on how dual process theories …
Revealing the complexity of quitting smoking
Quitting should be viewed as a process drawing on elements of assisted and unassisted quitting rather than a stand-alone event that can be labelled as strictly assisted or unassisted
Should e-cigarette use be permitted in smoke-free public places? No
While some early examples of smoke-free policy were introduced because of community preferences for clean indoor air and fire safety, smoke-free policy today is predicated on a large body of evidence that has accumulated since the early 1970s about harm to others from secondhand smoke.1 ,2 In contrast, those advocating for vaping to be allowed in smoke-free public places centre their case on gossamer-thin evidence that vaping emissions are all bu…
Chinese tobacco companies’ social media marketing strategies
Globally, new media are quickly superseding traditional media as the most popular tool for the dissemination of information and persuasive marketing promotions. As of December 2013, there are 618 million internet users in China, including 500 million mobile users.1 Weibo (Chinese translation for ‘Micro Blog’) and WeChat, the Chinese counterparts to Twitter and WhatsApp, respectively, are the two most important social networking channels in China.…
Drop the Salt! Assessing the impact of a public health advocacy strategy on Australian government policy on salt
Objective In 2007 the Australian Division of World Action on Salt and Health (AWASH) launched a campaign to encourage the Australian government to take action to reduce population salt intake. The objective of the present research was to assess the impact of the Drop the Salt! campaign on government policy. Design A review of government activities related to salt reduction was conducted and an advocacy strategy implemented to increase government …
Digital Junk
Objectives. We assessed the amount, reach, and nature of energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and beverage marketing on Facebook. Methods. We conducted a content analysis of the marketing techniques used by the 27 most popular food and beverage brand Facebook pages in Australia. We coded content across 19 marketing categories; data were collected from the day each page launched (mean = 3.65 years of activity per page). Results. We analyzed 13 …
Over Our Dead Bodies
campaign for gun control 78 4 The main reforms 93 5 The gun lobby in Australia 6 The gun lobby's arguments and the responses 7 The future tasks for gun control
What should be done about policy on alcohol pricing and promotions? Australian experts’ views of policy priorities
Despite existing policy collaborations, a clear 'cut through' message is yet to be endorsed by all alcohol control advocates. There is a need to articulate and promote in greater detail the specifics of policy reforms to minimum pricing, volumetric taxation and restrictions on alcohol advertising, particularly regarding sporting sponsorships and new media
Large-scale unassisted smoking cessation over 50 years
In the 50 years since the twentieth century's smoking epidemic began to decline from the beginning of the 1960s, hundreds of millions of smokers around the world have stopped smoking permanently. Overwhelmingly, most stopped without any formal assistance in the form of medication or professional assistance, including many millions of former heavy smokers. Nascent discussion about national and global tobacco endgame scenarios is dominated by an as…
Media Miracles
In November 2009, the successful surgical separation in Australia of conjoined twins from Bangladesh generated enormous domestic media interest. This article presents a thematic analysis of local television news and current affairs coverage about the twins. In addition to the predictable newsworthiness of a rare medical condition and its inherent drama, the narrative centred on opportunities to praise Australian medical skill and national charact…
The growth in newspaper coverage of tobacco control in China, 2000-2010
Chinese newspapers are giving increasing attention to tobacco control, but coverage remains lower than in the USA and Australia. Health workers need to give higher priority to efforts to increase news coverage beyond the present concentration around World No Tobacco Day and to develop strategies for making tobacco control issues more newsworthy to both national and local news outlets
Advocates, interest groups and Australian news coverage of alcohol advertising restrictions
Restrictions on alcohol advertising currently have low newsworthiness as a standalone issue. Future advocacy might better define the exact nature of required restrictions, anticipate vocal opposition and address forms of advertising beyond televised sport if exposure to advertising, especially among children, is to be reduced
Tobacco control advocacy in the age of social media
The tobacco industry's use of social media sites, such as Facebook, is an emerging area of research; however, this is the first study of the potential for social media to advance tobacco control. This paper presents three case studies of using social media for tobacco control advocacy, demonstrates how social media can facilitate direct and effective action, and provides tools and lessons learned for future campaigns
Bibliographic analysis of papers and authors published in Tobacco Control 1998–September 2011
In the present work, the top 20 cited papers published in Tobacco Control between 1998 and 15 September 2011, the top 10 cited papers published after 2008 and the 50 authors whose papers have been most cited in the journal are reported. US authors dominated the most cited papers and the most cited authors, with Australian authors in second place. Papers on youth and secondhand smoke dominated the top 20 papers, although harm reduction and packagi…
Risk, expert uncertainty, and Australian news media
During the outbreak of emerging infectious diseases scientists and public health officials play a key role in informing communities about what is happening, why and what they can do about it, and the news media are critical to how expert knowledge is presented to the public. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the media-oriented practices of experts and to gauge their perceptions of risk communication during public health emergencies. This study …
From "our world" to the "real world
Workplace exposure to secondhand smoke and its association with respiratory symptoms—a cross-sectional study among workers in Shanghai
Workplace exposure to SHS is extensive in Shanghai and the implementation of the current municipal regulation does not provide adequate worker protection. There is an urgent need to establish 100% smoke-free legislation covering all workplaces and public places in Shanghai
A healthy lifestyle might be the death of you
In Australia and other western countries, research on the relationship between dietary intake and coronary heart disease has attracted wide news media coverage. One of the most recent issues to receive media attention is the role of cholesterol control in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. News reports on cholesterol and diet have vacillated confusingly from supporting health promotional orthodoxy in warning individuals to monitor caref…
From "our world" to the "real world
Doing the right thing
Panic bodies
While several recent sociological studies have sought to examine the reasons why people tend not to perceive themselves at personal threat of HIV infection, few have been explicitly directed at understanding the reasoning behind the decision to seek HIV antibody testing. This paper presents the findings from semi-structured interviews carried out with adults living in Sydney who had had one or more HIV tests. Aspects relating to the socio-cultura…
Impact of Tobacco Control Policies and Mass Media Campaigns on Monthly Adult Smoking Prevalence
Objectives. We sought to assess the impact of several tobacco control policies and televised antismoking advertising on adult smoking prevalence. Methods. We used a population survey in which smoking prevalence was measured each month from 1995 through 2006. Time-series analysis assessed the effect on smoking prevalence of televised antismoking advertising (with gross audience rating points [GRPs] per month), cigarette costliness, monthly sales o…
The impact of smoke-free workplaces on declining cigarette consumption in Australia and the United States
OBJECTIVES: This study estimates the contribution of smoke-free workplaces to the recent national declines in cigarette consumption in Australia and the United States. METHODS: Nineteen studies of the impact of smoke-free workplaces on workday cigarette consumption were reviewed. The number and cost of cigarettes forgone were calculated and extrapolated to a scenario in which all indoor work areas were smoke-free. RESULTS: Of the 19 studies, 18 r…
Digital Junk
Objectives. We assessed the amount, reach, and nature of energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and beverage marketing on Facebook. Methods. We conducted a content analysis of the marketing techniques used by the 27 most popular food and beverage brand Facebook pages in Australia. We coded content across 19 marketing categories; data were collected from the day each page launched (mean = 3.65 years of activity per page). Results. We analyzed 13 …
Infinitesimal risk as public health crisis
The cold hard facts' immunisation and vaccine preventable diseases in Australia's newsprint media 1993-1998
Brand preference and advertising recall in adolescent smokers
A survey on brand preference and cigarette advertising recall in 1,195 school children was conducted in Sydney, Australia. Four of the 130 available brands accounted for the cigarettes smoked by 78.7 per cent of smokers. Smokers were nearly twice as likely to correctly identify edited cigarette advertisements and slogans than were non-smokers. Brand preference is considered an important descriptor of smoking profiles
Advocacy for public health
Public health advocacy is the strategic use of news media to advance a public policy initiative, often in the face of opposition
Effects of workplace smoking bans on cigarette consumption
A sample of staff working in the Australian Public Service (n = 2113) were surveyed two to four weeks before a mandated total ban on workplace smoking was introduced, and again five to six months later. Among the 391 smokers on whom complete data were available, the workplace smoking bans were associated with reduced rates of smoking, particularly among heavier smokers where the reduction in consumption was over 25 percent
Framing pub smoking bans
Objective: To investigate framing strategies used by the Australian Hotels Association (AHA) and tobacco control groups to (respectively) resist or advocate laws providing smoke free bars. Methods: Online archives of Australian print media were searched 1996 to 2003. A thematic analysis of all statements made by AHA spokespeople and tobacco control advocates was conducted. Direct quotes or journalistic summaries of statements attributed to named …
Back to complacency
This paper reports the results of a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of all articles about AIDS published in the Australian metropolitan press during the 7 month period of March-September 1990. During the study period, almost 2800 articles mentioning AIDS were published, representing a drop in number of articles published compared with earlier years. Those issues receiving most press attention included people living with AIDS, AIDS a…
Risk, expert uncertainty, and Australian news media
During the outbreak of emerging infectious diseases scientists and public health officials play a key role in informing communities about what is happening, why and what they can do about it, and the news media are critical to how expert knowledge is presented to the public. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the media-oriented practices of experts and to gauge their perceptions of risk communication during public health emergencies. This study …
Health treaty dilution
Background: The Japanese government is an important shareholder in the Japanese tobacco industry. Negotiations to develop the WHO’s historic Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) were based on consensus, resulting in countries needing to agree to the lowest acceptable common denominator in clause development. Objective: To illustrate Japan’s role in negotiating key optional language in the FCTC text. Methods: Summary reports, text propos…
The news on smoking
All newspaper articles (n = 1601) mentioning tobacco or smoking drawn from a 12-month census of 30 Australian capital city newspapers in 1987-88 were coded for content, "slant," and apparent origin. Overall, 62 percent of articles were positive in their orientation toward smoking control objectives, 17 percent were negative, and 21 percent were neutral. Newspapers owned by Rupert Murdoch published 55.7 percent positive and 23.7 percent negative a…
Gone viral? Heard the buzz? A guide for public health practitioners and researchers on how Web 2.0 can subvert advertising restrictions and spread health information
Many nations have banned or curtailed advertising of potentially harmful products to protect public health, particularly in the area of chronic disease control. The growth in Internet-based marketing techniques is subverting these advertising regulations. Explosive rises in use of social networking and user-generated content websites is further fuelling product promotion through electronic media. In contrast, there is a very limited body of publi…
The Fezzan Project 1997
This report summarises the aims and methods of the Fezzan Project, a new interdisciplinary investigation of human settlement in the Saharan environment of southern Libya. The work follows up earlier British work by Charles Daniels on the Garamantes and focuses on the Wadi el-Agial in the vicinity of Germa (ancient Garama). The time frame of the project is the last 12,000 years. A variety of methodologies has been employed, including topographic s…
Experts in Crisis
Analysis of media representations of AIDS needs to examine the narrative construction of `otherness' and `expertise'. This paper is part of a project examining the narrative representation of the `new expertise' in Australia in a variety of popular media forms after the 1983 pessimism of the `Grim Reaper' television campaign. It examines the radio debate around Michael Fumento's The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS in terms of the empiricist and cultura…
Tobacco excise and declining tobacco consumption
Excise elasticities of demand for non-cigarette tobacco and cigarettes were calculated for Papua New Guinea for the 14 years 1973-86. Respectively, these were -0.50 and -0.71. This means that 10 percent increases in cigarette and non-cigarette tobacco excise are associated with an estimated 7.1 percent fall in demand for cigarettes and a 5 percent decrease in the demand for tobacco. As tax (excise) elasticities would normally be significantly sma…
The inertia of self-regulation
The new pariahs
Self-exempting beliefs about smoking and health
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of self-exempting or cognitive dissonance-reducing beliefs about smoking and health. Such beliefs may hold important implications for the content and targeting of health promotion campaigns. METHODS. A survey of smokers and ex-smokers was conducted in western Sydney, Australia. Six hypotheses were tested. RESULTS. The principal findings were (1) that 27.9% of smokers and 42.1% o…
Trends in tans and skin protection in Australian fashion magazines, 1982 through 1991
We rated 3971 photographs of models from midsummer editions of six Australian fashion magazines from 1982-1983 to 1990-1991 for tan on a 9-point scale, for the presence of hats, for sun-protective clothing, and for shade setting. With the exception of the 1990-1991 sample, there was an increasing proportion of light tans over the years. Men were more likely to be deeply tanned than were women. The proportion of models wearing hats followed an inc…
Advertising and psychotropic drugs
Brand preference and advertising recall in adolescent smokers
A survey on brand preference and cigarette advertising recall in 1,195 school children was conducted in Sydney, Australia. Four of the 130 available brands accounted for the cigarettes smoked by 78.7 per cent of smokers. Smokers were nearly twice as likely to correctly identify edited cigarette advertisements and slogans than were non-smokers. Brand preference is considered an important descriptor of smoking profiles
Smoking control in Africa
Prospects for the development of smoking control policies and programmes in Africa are reviewed. With life expectancy throughout much of Africa often remaining below the peak age range for smoking-caused deaths and the presence of widespread major causes of death and disease from malnutrition and infection dominating illness patterns, arguments for smoking control must be based on wider criteria than those of health that underscore control polici…
Commentary
Smaller packs of cigarettes
Smaller packs of cigarettes. S Chapman Lynn T. Kozlowski CopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.78.1.92 Published Online: October 07, 2011
The news on smoking
All newspaper articles (n = 1601) mentioning tobacco or smoking drawn from a 12-month census of 30 Australian capital city newspapers in 1987-88 were coded for content, "slant," and apparent origin. Overall, 62 percent of articles were positive in their orientation toward smoking control objectives, 17 percent were negative, and 21 percent were neutral. Newspapers owned by Rupert Murdoch published 55.7 percent positive and 23.7 percent negative a…
Intersectoral action to improve nutrition
Much has been written about the desirability of ‘intersectoral’ policies to promote health. However, little concrete analysis of the most appropriate roles for various governmental, non-governmental and private-sector agencies in the intersectoral mix is available for specific health issues. This paper examines the case of improving community nutrition in Australia through intersectoral division of effort. It focuses on the respective roles of go…
Effects of workplace smoking bans on cigarette consumption
A sample of staff working in the Australian Public Service (n = 2113) were surveyed two to four weeks before a mandated total ban on workplace smoking was introduced, and again five to six months later. Among the 391 smokers on whom complete data were available, the workplace smoking bans were associated with reduced rates of smoking, particularly among heavier smokers where the reduction in consumption was over 25 percent
Tobacco excise and declining tobacco consumption
Excise elasticities of demand for non-cigarette tobacco and cigarettes were calculated for Papua New Guinea for the 14 years 1973-86. Respectively, these were -0.50 and -0.71. This means that 10 percent increases in cigarette and non-cigarette tobacco excise are associated with an estimated 7.1 percent fall in demand for cigarettes and a 5 percent decrease in the demand for tobacco. As tax (excise) elasticities would normally be significantly sma…
Anatomy of a campaign
Upgrading the academic respectability of advocacy studies
Trends in tans and skin protection in Australian fashion magazines, 1982 through 1991
We rated 3971 photographs of models from midsummer editions of six Australian fashion magazines from 1982-1983 to 1990-1991 for tan on a 9-point scale, for the presence of hats, for sun-protective clothing, and for shade setting. With the exception of the 1990-1991 sample, there was an increasing proportion of light tans over the years. Men were more likely to be deeply tanned than were women. The proportion of models wearing hats followed an inc…
Experts in Crisis
Analysis of media representations of AIDS needs to examine the narrative construction of `otherness' and `expertise'. This paper is part of a project examining the narrative representation of the `new expertise' in Australia in a variety of popular media forms after the 1983 pessimism of the `Grim Reaper' television campaign. It examines the radio debate around Michael Fumento's The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS in terms of the empiricist and cultura…
A boycott of tobacco-sponsored cars
Self-exempting beliefs about smoking and health
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of self-exempting or cognitive dissonance-reducing beliefs about smoking and health. Such beliefs may hold important implications for the content and targeting of health promotion campaigns. METHODS. A survey of smokers and ex-smokers was conducted in western Sydney, Australia. Six hypotheses were tested. RESULTS. The principal findings were (1) that 27.9% of smokers and 42.1% o…
Back to complacency
This paper reports the results of a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of all articles about AIDS published in the Australian metropolitan press during the 7 month period of March-September 1990. During the study period, almost 2800 articles mentioning AIDS were published, representing a drop in number of articles published compared with earlier years. Those issues receiving most press attention included people living with AIDS, AIDS a…
Tobacco and deforestation in the developing world
Doing the right thing
Panic bodies
While several recent sociological studies have sought to examine the reasons why people tend not to perceive themselves at personal threat of HIV infection, few have been explicitly directed at understanding the reasoning behind the decision to seek HIV antibody testing. This paper presents the findings from semi-structured interviews carried out with adults living in Sydney who had had one or more HIV tests. Aspects relating to the socio-cultura…
A healthy lifestyle might be the death of you
In Australia and other western countries, research on the relationship between dietary intake and coronary heart disease has attracted wide news media coverage. One of the most recent issues to receive media attention is the role of cholesterol control in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. News reports on cholesterol and diet have vacillated confusingly from supporting health promotional orthodoxy in warning individuals to monitor caref…
Civil disobedience and tobacco control
Infinitesimal risk as public health crisis
"Vast sums of money ... to keep the controversy alive"--the 1988 BAT memo
The Fezzan Project 1997
This report summarises the aims and methods of the Fezzan Project, a new interdisciplinary investigation of human settlement in the Saharan environment of southern Libya. The work follows up earlier British work by Charles Daniels on the Garamantes and focuses on the Wadi el-Agial in the vicinity of Germa (ancient Garama). The time frame of the project is the last 12,000 years. A variety of methodologies has been employed, including topographic s…
Mission
In the early 1990s the corporate fashion for developing mission statements caused countless thousands to sit about in small groups with white boards developing gushy statements often with quasi-religious undertones. Some even called them “missionary” statements. The verbally incontinent facilitators who typically led these occasions would whip participants into frenzies of optimism, urging the manufacturers of humble nuts and bolts to feel that t…
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