Marta Elliott
Biographic Data
| ID | 3604281 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Marta Elliott |
| GIVEN NAMES | Marta |
| FAMILY NAME | Elliott |
| SIGNATURE | ELLIOTT M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Nevada, Reno |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1738-9887 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 42 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 211 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Pity versus Empathy: Emotional Responses to Mental Illness and Their Effects on Stigma
Stigma surrounding mental illness is shaped by emotional reactions such as pity and empathy. While pity can involve condescension and reinforce hierarchies, empathy fosters understanding and connection. This study tested how different mental health conditions elicit these emotions and mediate stigmatizing attitudes. A nationally representative U.S. sample ( N = 5,264) read vignettes describing a character with subclinical distress, major depressi…
Moral foundations, opioid use disorder stigma, and attitudes toward methadone clinics: A vignette experimental survey design
How Discriminatory Policing Affects the Mental Health of Black Americans
An Intersectional Approach to Testing Explanations of the Black-White Mental Health Paradox
Researchers have sought to explain Black Americans' lower rates of common mental illnesses than White Americans, despite greater stress exposure, yet few explanations of this paradox are supported empirically. We examined the extent to which the paradox is owing to: Black Americans' racial identity and religiosity resources offsetting the ill-effects of stressors, limited empirical attention to externalizing mental health outcomes, and the homoge…
Public stigma toward people with bipolar versus borderline: An experimental study of attributions, treatability, race, and gender
Nature and/or Nurture: Causal Attributions of Mental Illness and Stigma
Most medical researchers and social scientists concur that mental illness is caused by “nature” and “nurture,” yet efforts to reduce stigma tend to focus on biomedical causes. This study analyzed original survey data collected from 1,849 respondents in 2021–2022 who were randomly assigned to 16 experimental vignette conditions. Each vignette portrayed a man and varied according to which psychiatric diagnosis his situation resembled (alcohol depen…
Explanatory models of mental illness among working professionals diagnosed with bipolar or depression in the United States
BACKGROUND: People diagnosed with mental illness develop a variety of explanatory models of their conditions in the face of uncertainty. Explanatory models matter because they are associated with internalized stigma and illness behaviors such as treatment preferences. AIMS: This paper explores how working professionals in the United States draw on biological and/or environmental factors to explain the cause(s) of their diagnoses of bipolar or dep…
Revisiting the Black-White Mental Health Paradox During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Acculturation, Acculturative Stress and Eating Disorder Symptoms Among Latina University Students
This study examined relationships between acculturation, acculturative stress, and symptoms of eating disorders among Latina university students in the US. We hypothesized that acculturative stress would be associated with increased symptoms, and acculturation would indirectly be associated with fewer symptoms via acculturative stress. Survey data from 567 Latinas age 18 to 54 at a public Western university were collected online. Participants pro…
Opioid addiction, attributions, and stigma: An online vignette experimental study
Hegemonic Masculinity and Mental Health Among Older White Men in the U.S: The Role of Health and Wealth Decline
Religion, spirituality, and mental illness among working professionals: An in-depth interview study
Religion and spirituality (R/S) tend to be associated with emotional wellbeing, but less is known about how they function in the lives of people with mental illness. This paper presents an analysis of in-depth interviews with 26 adults who self-identified as working professionals with a mental illness. Four themes emerged regarding how R/S was experienced as beneficial to mental health, and three themes regarding how it was problematic. The benef…
The Benefits and Challenges of Employment for Working Professionals Diagnosed with Mental Illness
Mental health professionals with mental illnesses: A qualitative interview study
The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of mental health professionals who self-identify as having a mental illness by analyzing how they describe their experiences in their own words. Twelve therapists volunteered to be interviewed for a larger study of working professionals living with mental illness that focused on perceived prejudice and discrimination in the workplace, revealing versus concealing one's mental illness on the j…
Gender inequality in the academy: Microaggressions, Work-Life Conflict, and Academic Rank
Recent statistics reveal that white women and women of colour struggle to attain the rank of full professor. In addition, women in academia report repeated experiences with workplace hostilities, microaggressions, work-life conflict. This study draws on stress process theory to identify stressors and supports for academic women. Through analysis of focus group data, the findings reveal that women in academia continue to experience extreme workpla…
Discrimination, depression, and anxiety among college women in the Trump era
This research examines the association between racial/ethnic discrimination and mental health among women university students in light of the increase in racially motivated hate crimes since the 2016 United States presidential election. A cross-sectional survey design was implemented at a mid-sized public university between November, 2017 and May, 2018. The sample included 391 women university students (159 Women of Colour and 232 White women). Q…
Gay and Lesbian Experiences of Discrimination, Health, and Well-Being: Surrounding the Presidential Election
Sexual minorities have poorer mental and physical health than heterosexuals; these health disparities are consistently attributed to discrimination. However, the mechanisms linking discrimination with health outcomes remain unclear. This exploratory study examines whether fast-acting mechanisms, like the minority stress model's “stressful social environment[s],” contribute to these disparities by exploiting the unanticipated election of Donald Tr…
Examining Social Desirability in Measures of Religion and Spirituality Using the Bogus Pipeline
A primary concern in the psychology of religion is the distinct possibility that responses to empirical assessments of individuals' degree and type of religiosity and spirituality are exaggerated owing to social desirability bias. In spite of increased secularization in American culture and a growing distrust of organized religion, religious involvement, personal religiosity, and spirituality are still viewed as highly desirable characteristics. …
Religiosity and Self-Rated Health: A Longitudinal Examination of Their Reciprocal Effects
Perceptions of discrimination among atheists: Consequences for atheist identification, psychological and physical well-being
Suicidal behavior during economic hard times
BACKGROUND: Most research on suicide is quantitative, and qualitative research is needed to reveal how individuals subjectively experience and account for suicidal behaviors. AIMS: The aim of this study is to learn about the circumstances, motivations and consequences of suicidal behavior among individuals hospitalized for attempted suicide and suicidal ideation during the global economic recession. METHODS: In-depth semi-structured interviews we…
Stigma Management of Mental Illness: Effects of Concealment, Discrimination, and Identification on Well-Being
This study examined how having a mental illness diagnosis indirectly helps versus harms well-being via social-psychological processes. We focused on the effects of identity concealment, personal and group discrimination, and personal and social identifications related to mental illness on psychological well-being. Among college students with a self-reported mental illness (N = 255), we found that personal and group discrimination were each negati…
Thai Buddhism and well-being: An application of stress process theory
The purpose of this study was to explore how Buddhism is associated with well-being among Thai Buddhists via an application of stress process theory. Survey data were collected in 2012 from 314 Thai citizens and analysed with structural equation modelling to assess how the association between socio-economic status (SES) and well-being is mediated by stressors and resources, in particular, religious resources. The results reveal that low SES is as…
Extrinsic Religious Orientation and Well-Being: Is Their Negative Association Real or Spurious
Turning to religion to seek its social benefits has been associated with poor psychological well-being. Researchers have concluded that endorsing this extrinsic and social orientation toward religion is inauthentic and unhealthy. However, few studies have focused on extrinsic-social religious orientation's negative relationship with well-being, leaving open the possibility that their relationship is spurious. The present study argues that people …
Cross-National Analysis of the Influence of Cultural Norms and Government Restrictions on the Relationship Between Religion and Well-Being
This study examines the interaction between cultural religious norms and governmental restrictiveness as country-level moderators of the relationship between individual religiousness and well-being, including both happiness and physical health. Data come from five waves of World Values survey data from 221 separate surveys conducted in 88 countries, with data from 317,109 individuals. Three dimensions of individual religiousness were assessed, al…
The stress process in neighborhood context
Structural Determinants of Homelessness in the United States
To correct previous researchers' almost exclusive emphasis on describing the size and personal characteristics of homeless individuals, this article reports on an empirical evaluation of the influence of several structural conditions on rates of homelessness in U.S. metropolitan areas. It is hypothesized that unavailability of low-cost housing,high poverty, poor economic conditions, concentrations of minorities and female-headed families, and ins…
Religion and Life Satisfaction Worldwide: The Role of Government Regulation
This paper presents a cross-national test of the effects of personal religious identity and participation in organized religion on psychological well-being, and examines whether their effects vary as a function of the degree of government regulation of individual liberties in a given country. These questions are explored with the cross-sectional fourth wave of the World Values Surveys, utilizing data from 65 countries and hierarchical linear mode…
School Finance and Opportunities to Learn: Does Money Well Spent Enhance Students' Achievement
The study reported here linked U.S. census data on school finance to data from the National Education Longitudinal Survey of 1988 to evaluate the process through which financial resources affect opportunities to learn in U.S. public high schools. It examined the direct effects of school expenditures on students' achievement in maths and science and the indirect effects of expenditures on achievement through their provision of opportunities to lea…
Stigma Management of Mental Illness: Effects of Concealment, Discrimination, and Identification on Well-Being
This study examined how having a mental illness diagnosis indirectly helps versus harms well-being via social-psychological processes. We focused on the effects of identity concealment, personal and group discrimination, and personal and social identifications related to mental illness on psychological well-being. Among college students with a self-reported mental illness (N = 255), we found that personal and group discrimination were each negati…
Gender inequality in the academy: Microaggressions, Work-Life Conflict, and Academic Rank
Recent statistics reveal that white women and women of colour struggle to attain the rank of full professor. In addition, women in academia report repeated experiences with workplace hostilities, microaggressions, work-life conflict. This study draws on stress process theory to identify stressors and supports for academic women. Through analysis of focus group data, the findings reveal that women in academia continue to experience extreme workpla…
Cross-National Analysis of the Influence of Cultural Norms and Government Restrictions on the Relationship Between Religion and Well-Being
This study examines the interaction between cultural religious norms and governmental restrictiveness as country-level moderators of the relationship between individual religiousness and well-being, including both happiness and physical health. Data come from five waves of World Values survey data from 221 separate surveys conducted in 88 countries, with data from 317,109 individuals. Three dimensions of individual religiousness were assessed, al…
Gender Differences in the Causes of Work and Family Strain Among Academic Faculty
This paper analyzes gender differences in work and family role strain among academic faculty with survey data from a public university in the Western United States. The results indicate that faculty women and men experience comparable levels of work and family role strain, but differ in the sources of that strain. For women, family conditions are the dominant source of strain, whereas for men, conditions of work matter most. Nonetheless, there ar…
Impact of Work, Family, and Welfare Receipt on Women's Self-Esteem in Young Adulthood
This study analyzes the impact of work, family, and welfare on change in white women's self-esteem from 1980, when the women were age 15-23, to 1987, when they were 22-30. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data are used to test the effects of work, family, and welfare roles, conditions, and length of role occupancy on change in self-esteem during the transition to adulthood. The results show that marriage tends to improve self-esteem, whereas…
Discrimination, depression, and anxiety among college women in the Trump era
This research examines the association between racial/ethnic discrimination and mental health among women university students in light of the increase in racially motivated hate crimes since the 2016 United States presidential election. A cross-sectional survey design was implemented at a mid-sized public university between November, 2017 and May, 2018. The sample included 391 women university students (159 Women of Colour and 232 White women). Q…
Subjective and objective fit in religious congregations: Implications for well-being
For most religiously affiliated people, the context of the religious group is a central element of the religious experience, but it is also one that has been relatively neglected in the study of the impact of religion on well-being. This study used social attraction as a framework to examine the role of individual—group fit in three congregations, with respect to four outcomes with implications for overall well-being. Structural equation modeling…
Fitting in with the flock: Social attractiveness as a mechanism for well‐being in religious groups
For most people, religion is practiced and experienced within a social group of believers who interact regularly. Yet the role of social psychological intergroup processes has largely been ignored with respect to religious phenomena. The present study explores social attraction as a mechanism by which religious groups affect the psychological well‐being of their members. Data were taken from a large survey of the members of 411 religious congrega…
The Determinants of Young Women's Wages: Comparing the Effects of Individual and Occupational Labor Market Characteristics
Extrinsic Religious Orientation and Well-Being: Is Their Negative Association Real or Spurious
Turning to religion to seek its social benefits has been associated with poor psychological well-being. Researchers have concluded that endorsing this extrinsic and social orientation toward religion is inauthentic and unhealthy. However, few studies have focused on extrinsic-social religious orientation's negative relationship with well-being, leaving open the possibility that their relationship is spurious. The present study argues that people …
A multilevel model of educational expectations of secondary school students in the United States
Hegemonic Masculinity and Mental Health Among Older White Men in the U.S: The Role of Health and Wealth Decline
The Benefits and Challenges of Employment for Working Professionals Diagnosed with Mental Illness
Examining Social Desirability in Measures of Religion and Spirituality Using the Bogus Pipeline
A primary concern in the psychology of religion is the distinct possibility that responses to empirical assessments of individuals' degree and type of religiosity and spirituality are exaggerated owing to social desirability bias. In spite of increased secularization in American culture and a growing distrust of organized religion, religious involvement, personal religiosity, and spirituality are still viewed as highly desirable characteristics. …
When Do Single Mothers Work? An Analysis of the 1990 Census Data
This study analyzes the relative effect of the amount of public assistance income received one year on the probability that a single mother is employed the following year compared to a variety of other determinants of employment status. The analysis is based on a national sample which was drawn from the Public Use Micro data 5 percent Sample (PUMS) of the 1990 U.S. Census. It consists of the 275,744female householders who were divorced, separated…
Structural Determinants of Homelessness in the United States
To correct previous researchers' almost exclusive emphasis on describing the size and personal characteristics of homeless individuals, this article reports on an empirical evaluation of the influence of several structural conditions on rates of homelessness in U.S. metropolitan areas. It is hypothesized that unavailability of low-cost housing,high poverty, poor economic conditions, concentrations of minorities and female-headed families, and ins…
Impact of Work, Family, and Welfare Receipt on Women's Self-Esteem in Young Adulthood
This study analyzes the impact of work, family, and welfare on change in white women's self-esteem from 1980, when the women were age 15-23, to 1987, when they were 22-30. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data are used to test the effects of work, family, and welfare roles, conditions, and length of role occupancy on change in self-esteem during the transition to adulthood. The results show that marriage tends to improve self-esteem, whereas…
The Determinants of Young Women's Wages: Comparing the Effects of Individual and Occupational Labor Market Characteristics
When Do Single Mothers Work? An Analysis of the 1990 Census Data
This study analyzes the relative effect of the amount of public assistance income received one year on the probability that a single mother is employed the following year compared to a variety of other determinants of employment status. The analysis is based on a national sample which was drawn from the Public Use Micro data 5 percent Sample (PUMS) of the 1990 U.S. Census. It consists of the 275,744female householders who were divorced, separated…
School Finance and Opportunities to Learn: Does Money Well Spent Enhance Students' Achievement
The study reported here linked U.S. census data on school finance to data from the National Education Longitudinal Survey of 1988 to evaluate the process through which financial resources affect opportunities to learn in U.S. public high schools. It examined the direct effects of school expenditures on students' achievement in maths and science and the indirect effects of expenditures on achievement through their provision of opportunities to lea…
The stress process in neighborhood context
Religion and well-being in a church without a creed
This study of religion and well-being questions whether adherents of a religion without a specific creed may still derive well-being from their religious experience as do members of more orthodox religious institutions. Survey data from a Unitarian Universalist congregation were analyzed to test whether the relationship between religion and individual well-being in a non-Christian, non-creedal religious institution is similar to that observed in …
Gender Differences in the Causes of Work and Family Strain Among Academic Faculty
This paper analyzes gender differences in work and family role strain among academic faculty with survey data from a public university in the Western United States. The results indicate that faculty women and men experience comparable levels of work and family role strain, but differ in the sources of that strain. For women, family conditions are the dominant source of strain, whereas for men, conditions of work matter most. Nonetheless, there ar…
A multilevel model of educational expectations of secondary school students in the United States
Fitting in with the flock: Social attractiveness as a mechanism for well‐being in religious groups
For most people, religion is practiced and experienced within a social group of believers who interact regularly. Yet the role of social psychological intergroup processes has largely been ignored with respect to religious phenomena. The present study explores social attraction as a mechanism by which religious groups affect the psychological well‐being of their members. Data were taken from a large survey of the members of 411 religious congrega…
Religion and Life Satisfaction Worldwide: The Role of Government Regulation
This paper presents a cross-national test of the effects of personal religious identity and participation in organized religion on psychological well-being, and examines whether their effects vary as a function of the degree of government regulation of individual liberties in a given country. These questions are explored with the cross-sectional fourth wave of the World Values Surveys, utilizing data from 65 countries and hierarchical linear mode…
Religion, Health, and Psychological Well-Being
Subjective and objective fit in religious congregations: Implications for well-being
For most religiously affiliated people, the context of the religious group is a central element of the religious experience, but it is also one that has been relatively neglected in the study of the impact of religion on well-being. This study used social attraction as a framework to examine the role of individual—group fit in three congregations, with respect to four outcomes with implications for overall well-being. Structural equation modeling…
Subjective accounts of the causes of mental illness in the USA
BACKGROUND: Psychiatrists and advocates for persons with mental illness in the USA argue that the biomedical model of mental illness as a brain disease is both accurate and effective in reducing stigma. Few studies have queried individuals diagnosed with mental illness to determine the extent to which they define their condition as biologically based versus caused by social and psychological factors. METHOD: Fifty inpatients in a behavioral healt…
God Give Me Strength: Exploring Prayer as Self-Disclosure
Gender Differences in the Determinants of Distress, Alcohol Misuse, and Related Psychiatric Disorders
This study examines why women exhibit higher rates of psychological distress and affective and anxiety disorders whereas men report more problems with alcohol and alcohol-related disorders. Using two waves of panel data from 5,001 respondents to the National Co-morbidity Survey, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are utilized to compare the stress process of distress, alcohol misuse, and meeting the diagnostic criteria …
Thai Buddhism and well-being: An application of stress process theory
The purpose of this study was to explore how Buddhism is associated with well-being among Thai Buddhists via an application of stress process theory. Survey data were collected in 2012 from 314 Thai citizens and analysed with structural equation modelling to assess how the association between socio-economic status (SES) and well-being is mediated by stressors and resources, in particular, religious resources. The results reveal that low SES is as…
Extrinsic Religious Orientation and Well-Being: Is Their Negative Association Real or Spurious
Turning to religion to seek its social benefits has been associated with poor psychological well-being. Researchers have concluded that endorsing this extrinsic and social orientation toward religion is inauthentic and unhealthy. However, few studies have focused on extrinsic-social religious orientation's negative relationship with well-being, leaving open the possibility that their relationship is spurious. The present study argues that people …
Cross-National Analysis of the Influence of Cultural Norms and Government Restrictions on the Relationship Between Religion and Well-Being
This study examines the interaction between cultural religious norms and governmental restrictiveness as country-level moderators of the relationship between individual religiousness and well-being, including both happiness and physical health. Data come from five waves of World Values survey data from 221 separate surveys conducted in 88 countries, with data from 317,109 individuals. Three dimensions of individual religiousness were assessed, al…
Toward a Sociological Theory of Religion and Health
Perceptions of discrimination among atheists: Consequences for atheist identification, psychological and physical well-being
Suicidal behavior during economic hard times
BACKGROUND: Most research on suicide is quantitative, and qualitative research is needed to reveal how individuals subjectively experience and account for suicidal behaviors. AIMS: The aim of this study is to learn about the circumstances, motivations and consequences of suicidal behavior among individuals hospitalized for attempted suicide and suicidal ideation during the global economic recession. METHODS: In-depth semi-structured interviews we…
Stigma Management of Mental Illness: Effects of Concealment, Discrimination, and Identification on Well-Being
This study examined how having a mental illness diagnosis indirectly helps versus harms well-being via social-psychological processes. We focused on the effects of identity concealment, personal and group discrimination, and personal and social identifications related to mental illness on psychological well-being. Among college students with a self-reported mental illness (N = 255), we found that personal and group discrimination were each negati…
Religiosity and Self-Rated Health: A Longitudinal Examination of Their Reciprocal Effects
Examining Social Desirability in Measures of Religion and Spirituality Using the Bogus Pipeline
A primary concern in the psychology of religion is the distinct possibility that responses to empirical assessments of individuals' degree and type of religiosity and spirituality are exaggerated owing to social desirability bias. In spite of increased secularization in American culture and a growing distrust of organized religion, religious involvement, personal religiosity, and spirituality are still viewed as highly desirable characteristics. …
Psychology (38 works) · Social Psychology (26 works) · Psychiatry (19 works) · Mental health (18 works) · Medicine (16 works) · Sociology (16 works) · Clinical Psychology (15 works) · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology (14 works) · Religion and Society Interactions (10 works) · Mental Health Treatment and Access (9 works)