Philip S Brenner
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3604327 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Philip S Brenner |
| NOMBRES | Philip S |
| APELLIDO | Brenner |
| FIRMA | BRENNER P S |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Massachusetts Boston |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8848-1114 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 32 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 246 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2011 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Sources of Inconsistency in the Measurement of Religious Affiliation
Research has argued that estimates of the percentage of Americans without a religious affiliation may be influenced by a measurement artifact caused by the poor reliability of conventional survey questions. Using a question-order experiment and cognitive interviews, we assess religious affiliation measures like those commonly used on surveys. A filter question and a full question presenting a list of religious affiliations as response options are…
Measuring Religious Non-Affiliation in China
Measuring the rate of religious non-affiliation is a difficult task in China, one of the least religious countries in the world, and elsewhere. This study evaluates the trend of religious non-affiliation in China using 22 surveys spanning three decades. We found that two surveys asking beliefs in a mix of gods and religions yielded dramatically lower estimates of non-affiliation compared to the others that measured affiliation explicitly. Among t…
Scratch the Scratch-off
We tested a novel extension to mailed invitations to a web-push survey, using a postcard invitation to deliver a scratch-off giftcode incentive similar to an instant-win lottery ticket. Scratch-off postcards were included as one of five conditions in randomized survey experiment varying two mailing types (letter and postcard) and three incentive types (prepaid cash, prepaid giftcodes, and conditional giftcodes). Invitations were sent to a sample …
Identities in Action
Effects of nonresponse and coverage problems on survey estimates of physical activity
To what extent do survey nonresponse and coverage problems bias estimates of physical activity? Research has focused on social desirability as a cause of observed bias but there are relatively few studies of nonresponse and coverage. I analyze data from a survey designed to allow estimation of nonresponse bias using a two-phase sampling design that resamples nonrespondents from an initial wave of telephone and IVR (interactive voice response) int…
Effects of Nonresponse, Measurement, and Coverage Bias in Survey Estimates of Voting
Objective The objective is to estimate the relative contributions of nonresponse, coverage, and measurement biases in survey estimates of voting. Methods We survey 3,000 Boston‐area households sampled from an address‐based frame matched, when possible, to telephone numbers. A two‐phase sampling design was used to follow up nonrespondents from phone interviews with personal interviews. All cases were then linked to voting records. Results Nonrespo…
Comparing Web and Mail Protocols for Administering Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Surveys
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare results of using web-based and mail (postal) Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) data collection protocols. RESEARCH DESIGN: Patients who had been hospitalized in a New England Hospital were surveyed about their hospital experience. Patients who provided email addresses were randomized to 1 of 3 data collection protocols: web-alone, web with postal mail fo…
How Religious Identity Shapes Survey Responses
Which Subject Lines and Messages Improve Response to E-mail Invitations to Web Surveys
What subject lines and messages in an e-mailed invitation maximize cooperation for a web survey? Answering this question is ever more important as survey researchers increasingly turn to web surveys to reduce costs. We test respondents’ preferences for subject lines and messages in an e-mailed invitation to participate in a Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey. Findings suggest that respondents prefer informative and str…
Can Phishing Tank Survey Response Rates? Evidence from a Natural Experiment
In today’s survey climate, many individuals doubt the legitimacy of survey invitations. Phishing, an Internet-based fraud that tricks users into disclosing private information, has the potential to further erode the perceived legitimacy of e-mailed survey invitations and harm cooperation. However, no study has tested the effect of phishing on response rates. This article reports on a natural experiment examining phishing’s effect on survey respon…
Sexuality, Political Polarization, and Survey Reports of Religious Nonaffiliation
Survey estimates of the religiously unaffiliated in the United States—between 20% and 25%—make this group one of the largest “religious” categories in the country. Recent research argues that political polarization pushes political liberals and moderates to report no religious affiliation to distance themselves from religious conservatives. One key point of polarization behind this phenomenon is sexuality-focused politics, including lesbian, gay,…
Does Survey Nonresponse Bias Estimates of Religious Service Attendance? Evidence from an Address-Based Sample from the Boston Area
This study investigates what role, if any, nonresponse plays in inflating survey estimates of religious behavior, using a multimode survey designed to allow estimation of nonresponse bias. A sample of 3,000 Boston-area households drawn from an address-based frame was randomly divided into two subsamples, contacted by mail, and invited to participate in a survey. The first subsample was asked to complete an interactive voice response interview. Th…
Testing Mark-all-that-apply Measures of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Many social identities (e.g., race, ethnicity) are measured using mark-all-that-apply (MATA) questions because they allow survey respondents to account for the multiple, nonexclusive ways in which they identify themselves. We test the use of MATA measures of sexual orientation and gender identity and compare them with forced choice (FC), an alternative format using a series of yes-or-no questions. Respondents, including an oversample of lesbian, …
Role-specific Self-efficacy as Precedent and Product of the Identity Model
This article examines empirically ideas initially proposed in speculative work by Ervin and Stryker dealing with what could be understood about human social behavior and interaction by bringing together self-esteem and identity theories. Necessary to that task is distinguishing between two key and often conflated concepts of identity theory, salience and prominence. We argue that role-specific self-efficacy, embedded in self-esteem theory, is a p…
Cinco Minutos Solamente
Declining social capital is one explanation for lower response to household surveys. By intentionally developing an awareness of social capital among its interviewers, the Por Ahí Dicen research study encouraged the use of interviewer social capital as a mechanism to achieve a response rate of 65.2 percent for baseline and post-intervention household studies of Puerto Rican mothers ( n = 413). These surveys were conducted in a “hard-to-count” urb…
Toward a social psychology of survey methodology
Survey methodology is a relatively new academic discipline focused on understanding sources of survey errors. As an interdisciplinary field, survey methodology borrows theoretical approaches from other disciplines and applies them to understand how survey respondents answer questions. One field in particular, cognitive psychology, has played a central role in the development of survey methodology. The cognitive approach has focused researchers' a…
Differential Effects of Time Constraints on Athletic Behavior and Survey Reports of Athletic Behavior
Time constraints—having more to do than time to do it—can prevent us from doing everything we need and want to do. When lack of time constrains our behavior, the behavior linked to voluntary role identities (like being a member of a softball team or bowling league) may be the first to be cut. Although, as many of these role identities are socially desirable, survey respondents may still claim to have performed them. Thus, this study examines role…
Narratives of Response Error From Cognitive Interviews of Survey Questions About Normative Behavior
That rates of normative behaviors produced by sample surveys are higher than actual behavior warrants is well evidenced in the research literature. Less well understood is the source of this error. Twenty-five cognitive interviews were conducted to probe responses to a set of common, conventional survey questions about one such normative behavior: religious service attendance. Answers to the survey questions and cognitive probes are compared both…
The science identity and entering a science occupation
Lies, Damned Lies, and Survey Self-Reports? Identity as a Cause of Measurement Bias
Explanations of error in survey self-reports have focused on social desirability: that respondents answer questions about normative behavior to appear prosocial to interviewers. However, this paradigm fails to explain why bias occurs even in self-administered modes like mail and web surveys. We offer an alternative explanation rooted in identity theory that focuses on measurement directiveness as a cause of bias. After completing questions about …
Measurement Directiveness as a Cause of Response Bias
Extant research comparing survey self-reports of normative behavior to direct observations and time diary data have yielded evidence of extensive measurement bias. However, most of this research program has relied on observational data, comparing independent samples from the same target population, rather than comparing survey self-reports to a criterion measure for individual respondents. This research addresses the next step using data from two…
Cross-National Trends in Religious Service Attendance
The nature of religious change and the future of religion have been central questions of social science since its inception. But empirical research on this question has been quite American-centric, encouraged by the conventional wisdom that the United States is an outlier of religiosity in the developed world, and, more pragmatically, by the availability of survey data. The dramatic growth in the number and reach of cross-national surveys over th…
Safety and Solidarity After the Boston Marathon Bombing
This article investigates the effect of the Boston Marathon Bombing on city residents— how the tragic incident changed, or did not change, how Bostonians live in and feel about their community and neighborhoods. Unlike prior research that began weeks or months after a terrorist attack and used retrospective reports, this study spans the focal event. An address‐based sample of residents from three neighborhoods, distinct in racial and economic mak…
Testing the Veracity of Self-Reported Religious Practice in the Muslim World
Survey findings suggest that predominantly Muslim countries are among the most religious in the world and validate commonly held, but overly simplistic, perceptions of Muslims as extremely and uniformly religious. Existing research has demonstrated that survey estimates can give a distorted view of the reality of levels of religious practice; however, it has thus far focused exclusively on traditionally Christian, advanced Western democracies. To…
The Causal Ordering of Prominence and Salience in Identity Theory
Identity theory invokes two distinct but related concepts, identity salience and prominence, to explain how the organization of identities that make up the self impacts the probability that a given identity is situationally enacted. However, much extant research has failed to clearly distinguish between salience and prominence, and their empirical relationship has not been adequately investigated, impeding a solid understanding of the significanc…
Exceptional Behavior or Exceptional Identity
Journal Article Exceptional Behavior or Exceptional Identity? Overreporting of Church Attendance in the U.S. Get access Philip S. Brenner Philip S. Brenner * *Address correspondence to Philip S. Brenner, University of Michigan, Survey Research Center, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; e-mail: [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 75, Issue 1, Spring …
Identity Importance and the Overreporting of Religious Service Attendance
The difference between religious service attendance measured using conventional surveys and time diaries has been attributed to identity processes; a high level of religious identity importance may prompt overreporting on a survey question. This article tests the hypothesized role of identity importance as an individual determinant of overreporting and the result of socially desirable behavior. A time diary measure of attendance (from the America…
The Causal Ordering of Prominence and Salience in Identity Theory
Identity theory invokes two distinct but related concepts, identity salience and prominence, to explain how the organization of identities that make up the self impacts the probability that a given identity is situationally enacted. However, much extant research has failed to clearly distinguish between salience and prominence, and their empirical relationship has not been adequately investigated, impeding a solid understanding of the significanc…
Lies, Damned Lies, and Survey Self-Reports? Identity as a Cause of Measurement Bias
Explanations of error in survey self-reports have focused on social desirability: that respondents answer questions about normative behavior to appear prosocial to interviewers. However, this paradigm fails to explain why bias occurs even in self-administered modes like mail and web surveys. We offer an alternative explanation rooted in identity theory that focuses on measurement directiveness as a cause of bias. After completing questions about …
Cross-National Trends in Religious Service Attendance
The nature of religious change and the future of religion have been central questions of social science since its inception. But empirical research on this question has been quite American-centric, encouraged by the conventional wisdom that the United States is an outlier of religiosity in the developed world, and, more pragmatically, by the availability of survey data. The dramatic growth in the number and reach of cross-national surveys over th…
Social Desirability Bias in Self-reports of Physical Activity
Overreporting of voting participation as a function of identity
This paper proposes an explanation of the overreporting of voting participation based in Stryker's identity theory (1980) S.StrykerSymbolic interactionism: A social structural version1980Blackburn PressCaldwell, NJ [Google Scholar], integrating the social pressure approach of Bernstein, Chadha, and Montjoy (2001) R.BernsteinA.ChadhaR.MontjoyOverreporting voting: Why it happens and why it mattersPublic Opinion Quarterly65120012244[Crossref], [Web …
Identity as a Determinant of the Overreporting of Church Attendance in Canada
Recent work has demonstrated that Canadians overreport church attendance at rates similar to respondents in the United States. Overreporting in the United States has been attributed to the importance of religious identity; causes of Canadian overreporting have not been examined. This article draws upon Stryker's identity theory to explain why Canadian survey respondents overreport church attendance. The 2005 Canadian General Social Survey contain…
The science identity and entering a science occupation
Investigating the Biasing Effect of Identity in Self-Reports of Socially Desirable Behavior
This article applies Stryker's identity theory ([1980] 2003) to the survey interview to examine the bias in self-reports of socially desirable behavior, using religious service attendance as an example case. An extended model, one that includes a novel intrapersonal level of commitment as an influence on identity importance, which, along with intensive and extensive interpersonal commitments, is posited to influence identity salience. The model i…
Role-specific Self-efficacy as Precedent and Product of the Identity Model
This article examines empirically ideas initially proposed in speculative work by Ervin and Stryker dealing with what could be understood about human social behavior and interaction by bringing together self-esteem and identity theories. Necessary to that task is distinguishing between two key and often conflated concepts of identity theory, salience and prominence. We argue that role-specific self-efficacy, embedded in self-esteem theory, is a p…
Narratives of Response Error From Cognitive Interviews of Survey Questions About Normative Behavior
That rates of normative behaviors produced by sample surveys are higher than actual behavior warrants is well evidenced in the research literature. Less well understood is the source of this error. Twenty-five cognitive interviews were conducted to probe responses to a set of common, conventional survey questions about one such normative behavior: religious service attendance. Answers to the survey questions and cognitive probes are compared both…
Investigating the Effect of Bias in Survey Measures of Church Attendance
That church attendance rates are overestimated by conventional surveys is well established. Much of the extant literature places the locus of the error primarily on measurement; overreporting on the part of the respondent. However, there has been relatively little research into the effect of this measurement error on the individual demographic predictors commonly associated with church attendance. In this paper, demographic subgroups are compared…
Measuring Religious Non-Affiliation in China
Measuring the rate of religious non-affiliation is a difficult task in China, one of the least religious countries in the world, and elsewhere. This study evaluates the trend of religious non-affiliation in China using 22 surveys spanning three decades. We found that two surveys asking beliefs in a mix of gods and religions yielded dramatically lower estimates of non-affiliation compared to the others that measured affiliation explicitly. Among t…
Toward a social psychology of survey methodology
Survey methodology is a relatively new academic discipline focused on understanding sources of survey errors. As an interdisciplinary field, survey methodology borrows theoretical approaches from other disciplines and applies them to understand how survey respondents answer questions. One field in particular, cognitive psychology, has played a central role in the development of survey methodology. The cognitive approach has focused researchers' a…
Safety and Solidarity After the Boston Marathon Bombing
This article investigates the effect of the Boston Marathon Bombing on city residents— how the tragic incident changed, or did not change, how Bostonians live in and feel about their community and neighborhoods. Unlike prior research that began weeks or months after a terrorist attack and used retrospective reports, this study spans the focal event. An address‐based sample of residents from three neighborhoods, distinct in racial and economic mak…
Can Phishing Tank Survey Response Rates? Evidence from a Natural Experiment
In today’s survey climate, many individuals doubt the legitimacy of survey invitations. Phishing, an Internet-based fraud that tricks users into disclosing private information, has the potential to further erode the perceived legitimacy of e-mailed survey invitations and harm cooperation. However, no study has tested the effect of phishing on response rates. This article reports on a natural experiment examining phishing’s effect on survey respon…
Sexuality, Political Polarization, and Survey Reports of Religious Nonaffiliation
Survey estimates of the religiously unaffiliated in the United States—between 20% and 25%—make this group one of the largest “religious” categories in the country. Recent research argues that political polarization pushes political liberals and moderates to report no religious affiliation to distance themselves from religious conservatives. One key point of polarization behind this phenomenon is sexuality-focused politics, including lesbian, gay,…
Differential Effects of Time Constraints on Athletic Behavior and Survey Reports of Athletic Behavior
Time constraints—having more to do than time to do it—can prevent us from doing everything we need and want to do. When lack of time constrains our behavior, the behavior linked to voluntary role identities (like being a member of a softball team or bowling league) may be the first to be cut. Although, as many of these role identities are socially desirable, survey respondents may still claim to have performed them. Thus, this study examines role…
Measurement Directiveness as a Cause of Response Bias
Extant research comparing survey self-reports of normative behavior to direct observations and time diary data have yielded evidence of extensive measurement bias. However, most of this research program has relied on observational data, comparing independent samples from the same target population, rather than comparing survey self-reports to a criterion measure for individual respondents. This research addresses the next step using data from two…
Investigating the Biasing Effect of Identity in Self-Reports of Socially Desirable Behavior
This article applies Stryker's identity theory ([1980] 2003) to the survey interview to examine the bias in self-reports of socially desirable behavior, using religious service attendance as an example case. An extended model, one that includes a novel intrapersonal level of commitment as an influence on identity importance, which, along with intensive and extensive interpersonal commitments, is posited to influence identity salience. The model i…
Exceptional Behavior or Exceptional Identity
Journal Article Exceptional Behavior or Exceptional Identity? Overreporting of Church Attendance in the U.S. Get access Philip S. Brenner Philip S. Brenner * *Address correspondence to Philip S. Brenner, University of Michigan, Survey Research Center, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; e-mail: [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 75, Issue 1, Spring …
Identity Importance and the Overreporting of Religious Service Attendance
The difference between religious service attendance measured using conventional surveys and time diaries has been attributed to identity processes; a high level of religious identity importance may prompt overreporting on a survey question. This article tests the hypothesized role of identity importance as an individual determinant of overreporting and the result of socially desirable behavior. A time diary measure of attendance (from the America…
Overreporting of voting participation as a function of identity
This paper proposes an explanation of the overreporting of voting participation based in Stryker's identity theory (1980) S.StrykerSymbolic interactionism: A social structural version1980Blackburn PressCaldwell, NJ [Google Scholar], integrating the social pressure approach of Bernstein, Chadha, and Montjoy (2001) R.BernsteinA.ChadhaR.MontjoyOverreporting voting: Why it happens and why it mattersPublic Opinion Quarterly65120012244[Crossref], [Web …
Identity as a Determinant of the Overreporting of Church Attendance in Canada
Recent work has demonstrated that Canadians overreport church attendance at rates similar to respondents in the United States. Overreporting in the United States has been attributed to the importance of religious identity; causes of Canadian overreporting have not been examined. This article draws upon Stryker's identity theory to explain why Canadian survey respondents overreport church attendance. The 2005 Canadian General Social Survey contain…
Investigating the Effect of Bias in Survey Measures of Church Attendance
That church attendance rates are overestimated by conventional surveys is well established. Much of the extant literature places the locus of the error primarily on measurement; overreporting on the part of the respondent. However, there has been relatively little research into the effect of this measurement error on the individual demographic predictors commonly associated with church attendance. In this paper, demographic subgroups are compared…
Testing the Veracity of Self-Reported Religious Practice in the Muslim World
Survey findings suggest that predominantly Muslim countries are among the most religious in the world and validate commonly held, but overly simplistic, perceptions of Muslims as extremely and uniformly religious. Existing research has demonstrated that survey estimates can give a distorted view of the reality of levels of religious practice; however, it has thus far focused exclusively on traditionally Christian, advanced Western democracies. To…
The Causal Ordering of Prominence and Salience in Identity Theory
Identity theory invokes two distinct but related concepts, identity salience and prominence, to explain how the organization of identities that make up the self impacts the probability that a given identity is situationally enacted. However, much extant research has failed to clearly distinguish between salience and prominence, and their empirical relationship has not been adequately investigated, impeding a solid understanding of the significanc…
Social Desirability Bias in Self-reports of Physical Activity
Safety and Solidarity After the Boston Marathon Bombing
This article investigates the effect of the Boston Marathon Bombing on city residents— how the tragic incident changed, or did not change, how Bostonians live in and feel about their community and neighborhoods. Unlike prior research that began weeks or months after a terrorist attack and used retrospective reports, this study spans the focal event. An address‐based sample of residents from three neighborhoods, distinct in racial and economic mak…
Lies, Damned Lies, and Survey Self-Reports? Identity as a Cause of Measurement Bias
Explanations of error in survey self-reports have focused on social desirability: that respondents answer questions about normative behavior to appear prosocial to interviewers. However, this paradigm fails to explain why bias occurs even in self-administered modes like mail and web surveys. We offer an alternative explanation rooted in identity theory that focuses on measurement directiveness as a cause of bias. After completing questions about …
Measurement Directiveness as a Cause of Response Bias
Extant research comparing survey self-reports of normative behavior to direct observations and time diary data have yielded evidence of extensive measurement bias. However, most of this research program has relied on observational data, comparing independent samples from the same target population, rather than comparing survey self-reports to a criterion measure for individual respondents. This research addresses the next step using data from two…
Cross-National Trends in Religious Service Attendance
The nature of religious change and the future of religion have been central questions of social science since its inception. But empirical research on this question has been quite American-centric, encouraged by the conventional wisdom that the United States is an outlier of religiosity in the developed world, and, more pragmatically, by the availability of survey data. The dramatic growth in the number and reach of cross-national surveys over th…
Cinco Minutos Solamente
Declining social capital is one explanation for lower response to household surveys. By intentionally developing an awareness of social capital among its interviewers, the Por Ahí Dicen research study encouraged the use of interviewer social capital as a mechanism to achieve a response rate of 65.2 percent for baseline and post-intervention household studies of Puerto Rican mothers ( n = 413). These surveys were conducted in a “hard-to-count” urb…
Toward a social psychology of survey methodology
Survey methodology is a relatively new academic discipline focused on understanding sources of survey errors. As an interdisciplinary field, survey methodology borrows theoretical approaches from other disciplines and applies them to understand how survey respondents answer questions. One field in particular, cognitive psychology, has played a central role in the development of survey methodology. The cognitive approach has focused researchers' a…
Differential Effects of Time Constraints on Athletic Behavior and Survey Reports of Athletic Behavior
Time constraints—having more to do than time to do it—can prevent us from doing everything we need and want to do. When lack of time constrains our behavior, the behavior linked to voluntary role identities (like being a member of a softball team or bowling league) may be the first to be cut. Although, as many of these role identities are socially desirable, survey respondents may still claim to have performed them. Thus, this study examines role…
Narratives of Response Error From Cognitive Interviews of Survey Questions About Normative Behavior
That rates of normative behaviors produced by sample surveys are higher than actual behavior warrants is well evidenced in the research literature. Less well understood is the source of this error. Twenty-five cognitive interviews were conducted to probe responses to a set of common, conventional survey questions about one such normative behavior: religious service attendance. Answers to the survey questions and cognitive probes are compared both…
The science identity and entering a science occupation
Does Survey Nonresponse Bias Estimates of Religious Service Attendance? Evidence from an Address-Based Sample from the Boston Area
This study investigates what role, if any, nonresponse plays in inflating survey estimates of religious behavior, using a multimode survey designed to allow estimation of nonresponse bias. A sample of 3,000 Boston-area households drawn from an address-based frame was randomly divided into two subsamples, contacted by mail, and invited to participate in a survey. The first subsample was asked to complete an interactive voice response interview. Th…
Testing Mark-all-that-apply Measures of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Many social identities (e.g., race, ethnicity) are measured using mark-all-that-apply (MATA) questions because they allow survey respondents to account for the multiple, nonexclusive ways in which they identify themselves. We test the use of MATA measures of sexual orientation and gender identity and compare them with forced choice (FC), an alternative format using a series of yes-or-no questions. Respondents, including an oversample of lesbian, …
Role-specific Self-efficacy as Precedent and Product of the Identity Model
This article examines empirically ideas initially proposed in speculative work by Ervin and Stryker dealing with what could be understood about human social behavior and interaction by bringing together self-esteem and identity theories. Necessary to that task is distinguishing between two key and often conflated concepts of identity theory, salience and prominence. We argue that role-specific self-efficacy, embedded in self-esteem theory, is a p…
Can Phishing Tank Survey Response Rates? Evidence from a Natural Experiment
In today’s survey climate, many individuals doubt the legitimacy of survey invitations. Phishing, an Internet-based fraud that tricks users into disclosing private information, has the potential to further erode the perceived legitimacy of e-mailed survey invitations and harm cooperation. However, no study has tested the effect of phishing on response rates. This article reports on a natural experiment examining phishing’s effect on survey respon…
Sexuality, Political Polarization, and Survey Reports of Religious Nonaffiliation
Survey estimates of the religiously unaffiliated in the United States—between 20% and 25%—make this group one of the largest “religious” categories in the country. Recent research argues that political polarization pushes political liberals and moderates to report no religious affiliation to distance themselves from religious conservatives. One key point of polarization behind this phenomenon is sexuality-focused politics, including lesbian, gay,…
How Religious Identity Shapes Survey Responses
Which Subject Lines and Messages Improve Response to E-mail Invitations to Web Surveys
What subject lines and messages in an e-mailed invitation maximize cooperation for a web survey? Answering this question is ever more important as survey researchers increasingly turn to web surveys to reduce costs. We test respondents’ preferences for subject lines and messages in an e-mailed invitation to participate in a Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey. Findings suggest that respondents prefer informative and str…
Psychology (29 obras) · Social Psychology (21 obras) · Political science (17 obras) · Sociology (17 obras) · Social Psychology (15 obras) · Survey Methodology and Nonresponse (15 obras) · Computer Science (13 obras) · Statistics (11 obras) · Survey data collection (10 obras) · Attendance (9 obras)