Zachary Estes
Biographic Data
| ID | 360647 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Zachary Estes |
| GIVEN NAMES | Zachary |
| FAMILY NAME | Estes |
| SIGNATURE | ESTES Z |
| AFFILIATIONS | City, University of London |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4350-3524 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 8 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 11 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 8 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Words can interfere with perception at their associated locations: The Role of Orthography in Spatial Interference
The spatial interference effect , whereby words with implicit spatial associations (e.g., ‘bird’) hinder identification of unrelated visual targets (e.g., a square) at the associated locations (i.e., at the top of a display), has been demonstrated many times in English, although it has failed to replicate several times in Italian. The current study tested whether the replication failures in Italian may be due to insufficient semantic processing o…
Beauty is in the iris: Constricted pupils (enlarged irises) enhance attractiveness
Physical attractiveness profoundly affects a broad array of life experiences and outcomes, and the eyes are an important determinant of physical attractiveness. We investigated whether a particular feature of the eyes - pupil size - affects perceived attractiveness. We present competing theoretical predictions of whether dilated (larger) or constricted (smaller) pupils should appear more physically attractiveness. Youthful features tend to be att…
Intel Inside: The Linguistic Properties of Effective Slogans
How can marketers create slogans that consumers like and remember? We answer this question by analyzing how the lexical, semantic, and emotional properties of a slogan's individual words combine to influence slogan liking and slogan memory. Through a large correlational study with over 800 brand slogans, laboratory experiments, a biometric eye-tracking experiment, and a field study, we unearth the word properties that make slogans effective. We p…
Exploratory Shopping: Attention Affects In-Store Exploration and Unplanned Purchasing
A fundamental function of retailing is to bring products into the view of shoppers, because viewing products can activate forgotten or new needs. Retailers thus employ various strategies to entice shoppers to explore the product assortment and store environment, in the hopes of stimulating unplanned purchasing. This article investigates consumers' breadth of attention as a mechanism of such in-store exploration and hence of unplanned purchasing. …
Emotion and language: Valence and arousal affect word recognition.
Emotion influences most aspects of cognition and behavior, but emotional factors are conspicuously absent from current models of word recognition. The influence of emotion on word recognition has mostly been reported in prior studies on the automatic vigilance for negative stimuli, but the precise nature of this relationship is unclear. Various models of automatic vigilance have claimed that the effect of valence on response times is categorical,…
Confidence Mediates the Sex Difference in Mental Rotation Performance
Sex Differences in Semantic Categorization
Automatic vigilance for negative words is categorical and general
With other factors controlled, negative words elicit slower lexical decisions and naming than positive words (Estes & Adelman, this issue).Moreover, this marked difference in responding to negative words and to positive words (i.e., between-category discontinuity) was accompanied by relatively uniform responding among negative words (i.e., within-category equivalence), thus suggesting a categorical model of automatic vigilance.Larsen, Mercer, Bal…
Confidence Mediates the Sex Difference in Mental Rotation Performance
Exploratory Shopping: Attention Affects In-Store Exploration and Unplanned Purchasing
A fundamental function of retailing is to bring products into the view of shoppers, because viewing products can activate forgotten or new needs. Retailers thus employ various strategies to entice shoppers to explore the product assortment and store environment, in the hopes of stimulating unplanned purchasing. This article investigates consumers' breadth of attention as a mechanism of such in-store exploration and hence of unplanned purchasing. …
Intel Inside: The Linguistic Properties of Effective Slogans
How can marketers create slogans that consumers like and remember? We answer this question by analyzing how the lexical, semantic, and emotional properties of a slogan's individual words combine to influence slogan liking and slogan memory. Through a large correlational study with over 800 brand slogans, laboratory experiments, a biometric eye-tracking experiment, and a field study, we unearth the word properties that make slogans effective. We p…
Sex Differences in Semantic Categorization
Automatic vigilance for negative words is categorical and general
With other factors controlled, negative words elicit slower lexical decisions and naming than positive words (Estes & Adelman, this issue).Moreover, this marked difference in responding to negative words and to positive words (i.e., between-category discontinuity) was accompanied by relatively uniform responding among negative words (i.e., within-category equivalence), thus suggesting a categorical model of automatic vigilance.Larsen, Mercer, Bal…
Sex Differences in Semantic Categorization
Confidence Mediates the Sex Difference in Mental Rotation Performance
Emotion and language: Valence and arousal affect word recognition.
Emotion influences most aspects of cognition and behavior, but emotional factors are conspicuously absent from current models of word recognition. The influence of emotion on word recognition has mostly been reported in prior studies on the automatic vigilance for negative stimuli, but the precise nature of this relationship is unclear. Various models of automatic vigilance have claimed that the effect of valence on response times is categorical,…
Exploratory Shopping: Attention Affects In-Store Exploration and Unplanned Purchasing
A fundamental function of retailing is to bring products into the view of shoppers, because viewing products can activate forgotten or new needs. Retailers thus employ various strategies to entice shoppers to explore the product assortment and store environment, in the hopes of stimulating unplanned purchasing. This article investigates consumers' breadth of attention as a mechanism of such in-store exploration and hence of unplanned purchasing. …
Beauty is in the iris: Constricted pupils (enlarged irises) enhance attractiveness
Physical attractiveness profoundly affects a broad array of life experiences and outcomes, and the eyes are an important determinant of physical attractiveness. We investigated whether a particular feature of the eyes - pupil size - affects perceived attractiveness. We present competing theoretical predictions of whether dilated (larger) or constricted (smaller) pupils should appear more physically attractiveness. Youthful features tend to be att…
Intel Inside: The Linguistic Properties of Effective Slogans
How can marketers create slogans that consumers like and remember? We answer this question by analyzing how the lexical, semantic, and emotional properties of a slogan's individual words combine to influence slogan liking and slogan memory. Through a large correlational study with over 800 brand slogans, laboratory experiments, a biometric eye-tracking experiment, and a field study, we unearth the word properties that make slogans effective. We p…
Words can interfere with perception at their associated locations: The Role of Orthography in Spatial Interference
The spatial interference effect , whereby words with implicit spatial associations (e.g., ‘bird’) hinder identification of unrelated visual targets (e.g., a square) at the associated locations (i.e., at the top of a display), has been demonstrated many times in English, although it has failed to replicate several times in Italian. The current study tested whether the replication failures in Italian may be due to insufficient semantic processing o…
Psychology (6 works) · Cognitive psychology (5 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works) · Spatial Cognition and Navigation (3 works) · Advertising (2 works) · Categorization, perception, and language (2 works) · Child and Animal Learning Development (2 works) · Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification (2 works) · Developmental psychology (2 works)