Richard J Butler
Biographic Data
| ID | 3610152 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Richard J Butler |
| GIVEN NAMES | Richard J |
| FAMILY NAME | Butler |
| SIGNATURE | BUTLER R J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Brigham Young University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0555-4945 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 35 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 87 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Changing Practices of Tourism Stakeholders in Covid-19 Affected Destinations
This book employs epistemological, methodological and discursive approaches to explore the practices of tourism stakeholders in Covid-19 affected destinations and to understand and explain their everyday real-time doings and sayings. It discusses the changing practices of tourists and stakeholders at both micro and meso levels and provides a range of contexts and destination case studies offering insights into supply and demand. The issues examin…
Isaiah’s Structure from Random Forest Regression Analysis
This is the first paper to analyze the tripartite linguistic structure of Isaiah using Random Forest Regression, a supervised machine learning statistical approach. By predicting the occurrences of ‘judgment’ and ‘hope’ verses, we examine the threefold structure of Isaiah (section 1--chapters 1-39; section 2--chapters 40-55; and section 3--chapters 56-66) for differences in expression within and between each section. We find more inter-sectional …
A re-positioning of post-industrial heritage in upper Silesia, Poland, into an integrated thematic tourist route
Cultural heritage tourism illustrated by tourists visiting post-industrial facilities became one of the ways to counteract the negative consequences of declining heavy industry at the end of the twentieth century. The initiation of tourist activity in post-industrial areas has also become an important justification for expenditure on the revitalization of objects that may constitute part of the cultural heritage of such regions. This article disc…
Cities, infrastructure and the making of modern citizenship: The view from north-west Europe since c . 1870
Taking its cue from the ‘material turn’ of recent years, this survey examines the connections between infrastructure, welfare and citizenship in north European cities in the later nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It argues that connections between these different constructs were fundamental not only to how cities functioned but how citizens themselves were imagined. As such, the survey critiques histories of welfare and citizenship that foregr…
The afterlives of Galway jail, 'difficult' heritage, and the Maamtrasna murders: Representations of an Irish urban space, 1882-2018
This article explores the spatial history and 'afterlives' of Galway jail, where an innocent man, Myles Joyce, was executed in 1882 following his conviction for the Maamtrasna murders; in 2018 he was formally pardoned by President Michael D. Higgins. The article traces how the political and cultural meanings of this incident were instrumentalised in the building of Ireland's last Catholic cathedral on the site of the former Galway jail. It analys…
Tourism and resilience
This book discusses the concept of resilience and its application to tourism. It compares the relevance of resilience to sustainability; the former focusing on the well-being and survival of the places affected and the latter focusing on the agent of impact, tourism itself
Rethinking the Origins of the British Prisons Act of 1835: Ireland and the Development of Central-Government Prison Inspection, 1820–1835
While the introduction of central-government inspectors for prisons in a British act of 1835 has been seen as a key Whig achievement of the 1830s, the Irish precedent enacted by Charles Grant, a liberal Tory chief secretary, in the early 1820s, has gone unnoticed by scholars. The article sets out to trace the Irish prefiguring of this measure and, in the process, to consider prison reform in the United Kingdom in the early nineteenth century in a…
The evolution of tourism and tourism research
This paper reviews the development of tourism to emphasize the fact that tourism, even ‘mass tourism’, is not a new phenomenon but process which has characterized human behaviour for many centuries, and is essentially iterative in nature. To understand it fully it is necessary to review what has gone before, along with the influences of factors such as technological innovation, and social and economic changes in societies. Similarly, academic res…
I Don't like Mondays: Explaining Monday Work Injury Claims
More workers' compensation claims for soft-tissue injuries are filed on Monday than on any other day of the week. Explanations for the Monday claims include "warm-up" or ergonomic effects, false classification of off-the-job weekend due to economic incentives, or psychological responses to Monday work. To sort out these possibilities, the authors examine more than 200,000 employment day patterns for a single, large U.S. employer with uniform huma…
Wage and Injury Response to Shifts in Workplace Liability
This paper examines the impact of a monumental change in tort liability law, the Federal Employers' Liability Act (FELA) of 1908. This shift from common law, by changing the way injured workers were compensated and the compensating wage differentials for risk bearing, set the stage for workers' compensation and other no-fault systems. Focusing on the New Jersey railroad system, the authors examine three periods: the pre-FELA years of 1900–1908; 1…
The Equalizing Effect of the Internet on Access to Research Expertise in Political Science and Economics
Recent research shows that the Internet, by sharply reducing the real costs of sharing information, has profoundly impacted collaboration between faculty in different departments. Using information on spatial-temporal Bitnet connections, Agrawal and Goldfarb (2006) find that Internet connectivity increased collaboration between those connected universities by 85%. Extensively analyzing faculty productivity at the top 25 universities during the la…
Tourism and Indigenous Peoples
Sami Perspectives on Indigenous Tourism in Northern Europe:; I R. Butler & T. Hinch (red.) Tourism and Indigenous Peoples. Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, Oxford, 176-187. : Commerce or Cultural Development
The Tourism Area Life Cycle, Vol. 1: Applications and Modifications
This volume contains specially commissioned chapters by leading researchers who have used and modified the original TALC model over the past two decades, a reprint of the original article, a discussion of its origins, and a comprehensive review of most of the published material using the TALC.
The Tourism Area Life Cycle, Vol.2: Conceptual and Theoretical Issues
This book comprises chapters by leading researchers who have reviewed the original model in the light of their own and other conceptual and theoretical positions and models.Sections are on the origins of the TALC, spatial relationships, alternative conceptual approaches, renewing or retiring with the TALC and predicting with the TALC.
Modern War, Modern Law, and Army Doctrine: Are We in Step for the 21st Century
Our first problem was with using suppressive fires against the air defense. According to standard Army procedure, we simply estimated where the enemy air defense might be, based on the terrain and the force's operating pattern. But the Defense Department's lawyers insisted that before we shoot at these locations, they had to be `observed,' that is, not 'templated.' . . . By the lawyers' definition, someone would have to view Serb air defenses thr…
Fatal Choice: Nuclear Weapons and the Illusion of Missile Defense
Workers' Compensation: Benefits, Costs, and Safety under Alternative Insurance Arrangements
Thomason, Schmidle, and Burton make use of a unique data set to delve into how insurance arrangements affect several objectives of the workers' compensation (WC) program. They underscore the effects of deregulation and other changes in WC insurance pricing arrangements by performing empirical analyses that use state-specific cost, benefit, and injury data from 48 states for 1975-1995. This allows them to address the interactive relationships amon…
The Effects of Worker Heterogeneity on Duration Dependence: Low-Back Claims in Workers Compensation
We estimate models of workers compensation claim duration for a sample of Canadian workers with serious low-back injuries. The models extend recent duration research by allowing worker characteristics to affect duration dependence through the nonlocation parameters of the duration distribution. We compare results for modified Weibull models and piecewise-constant hazard rate models of duration dependence. The results show that workers' responses …
Managing Work Disability: Why First Return to Works is Not a Measure of Success
Managing Work Disability: Why First Return to Work is Not a Measure of Success
Studies of the effectiveness of medical and vocational rehabilitation and the disincentive effects of workers' compensation benefits frequently assume that a return to work signals the end of the limiting effects of injuries. This study is the first to test that assumption empirically. The authors use a rich data set on Ontario workers with permanent partial impairments resulting from injuries that occurred between 1974 and 1987 to show that the …
Gamma Duration Models with Heterogeneity
In the authors' analysis of nonwork spells for Workers Compensation Insurance, they use the family of generalized gamma distributions for the structural model of failure time and both nonparametric and parametric controls for heterogeneity. These specifications allow for nested likelihood tests of not only the correct form for parametric heterogeneity, but for the structural distributions as well. The authors find in their data that while heterog…
Robust and Partially Adaptive Estimation of Regression Models
Richard J. Butler, James B. McDonald, Ray D. Nelson, Steven B. White, Robust and Partially Adaptive Estimation of Regression Models, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 72, No. 2 (May, 1990), pp. 321-327
Decision and Organization – Processes of Strategic Decision Making and Their Explanation
Strategic decisions shape the course taken by an organization, whether it be in the public sector or the private sector. An analysis is reported of 150 cases of the making of such decisions in both publicly and privately owned organizations. Three types of decision‐making process are identified, sporadic, fluid , and constricted. Differences due to the nature of the subject matter under decision, and to the nature of the organization, are examine…
Interdistributional Income Inequality
Incomplete moments are used to characterize income inequality and provide the basis for interdistributional Lorenz curves. Four measures of interdistributional inequality are considered and seen to be related to an interdistributional welfare interpretation. Based upon these measures, there has been a significant secular decline in interdistributional inequality between blacks and whites over the past 30 years
Some Generalized Mixture Distributions with an Application to Unemployment Duration
James B. McDonald, Richard J. Butler, Some Generalized Mixture Distributions with an Application to Unemployment Duration, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 69, No. 2 (May, 1987), pp. 232-240
Tourism and Indigenous Peoples
Sami Perspectives on Indigenous Tourism in Northern Europe:; I R. Butler & T. Hinch (red.) Tourism and Indigenous Peoples. Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, Oxford, 176-187. : Commerce or Cultural Development
The evolution of tourism and tourism research
This paper reviews the development of tourism to emphasize the fact that tourism, even ‘mass tourism’, is not a new phenomenon but process which has characterized human behaviour for many centuries, and is essentially iterative in nature. To understand it fully it is necessary to review what has gone before, along with the influences of factors such as technological innovation, and social and economic changes in societies. Similarly, academic res…
Work Injury Compensation and the Duration of Nonwork Spells
Journal Article Work Injury Compensation and the Duration of Nonwork Spells Get access Richard J. Butler, Richard J. Butler Brigham Young University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John D. Worrall John D. Worrall Rutgers University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 95, Issue 379, 1 September 1985, Pages 714–724, https://doi.org/10.2307/223…
Estimating the Narcotic Effect of Public Sector Impasse Procedures
This paper first describes in a relatively nontechnical fashion several econometric techniques that the authors believe should be useful to industrial relations researchers. Those techniques are then applied to an analysis of whether public sector impasse procedures create a “narcotic effect,” that is, a tendency for the bargaining parties, once they use the procedures, to become increasingly reliant on them in future negotiations. The authors re…
Breaking the Bounds of Organization in Strategic Decision Making
This paper examines the exercise of power in organizational decision making. Four case studies are presented in the text and are analyzed in terms of the power plays of senior managers who were centrally involved in the decision-making process. In particular, the analysis distinguishes between bounded and unbounded decisions. In the former case the power plays of interests are constrained by preestablished organizational rules and procedures, whi…
Innovations in Organizations: Appropriateness of Perspectives From Small Group Studies for Strategy Formulation
Some dimensions of innovations appropriate to processes have been closely examined in the small group, mainly experimental, literature for the purpose of illuminating the process of innovation in organizations. The processes selected are learning, communication, deviance, risk taking, creativity and brainstorming, leadership, and cohesiveness. It is argued that small group processes can offer much to the understanding of organi-zational processes…
Managing Work Disability: Why First Return to Works is Not a Measure of Success
Strategic Decision Making: Influence Patterns in Public and Private Sector Organizations
This paper pursues the question of whether differences exist between influence patterns in decision making in public and private sector organizations. Results are reported from an analysis of the interest units appearing in 150 strategic decision-making processes studied in 30 British organizations. We conclude that, while there is an overall similarity in the involvement of types of interest units in the two sectors, there are notable difference…
A Transactional Approach to Organizing Efficiency: Perspectives from Markets, Hierarchies, and Collectives
A third mode of mediating transactions, the collective, which is based upon trust and commitment, is added to Williamson `s market and hierarchical modes. The three modes provide a starting point for considering the efficiency of integrating organizations. The characteristics of the three modes as arrangements for mediating transactions are examined in the light of the two underlying dimensions of communication feedback and collaboration. Feedbac…
Workers' Compensation: Benefits, Costs, and Safety under Alternative Insurance Arrangements
Thomason, Schmidle, and Burton make use of a unique data set to delve into how insurance arrangements affect several objectives of the workers' compensation (WC) program. They underscore the effects of deregulation and other changes in WC insurance pricing arrangements by performing empirical analyses that use state-specific cost, benefit, and injury data from 48 states for 1975-1995. This allows them to address the interactive relationships amon…
A re-positioning of post-industrial heritage in upper Silesia, Poland, into an integrated thematic tourist route
Cultural heritage tourism illustrated by tourists visiting post-industrial facilities became one of the ways to counteract the negative consequences of declining heavy industry at the end of the twentieth century. The initiation of tourist activity in post-industrial areas has also become an important justification for expenditure on the revitalization of objects that may constitute part of the cultural heritage of such regions. This article disc…
Cities, infrastructure and the making of modern citizenship: The view from north-west Europe since c . 1870
Taking its cue from the ‘material turn’ of recent years, this survey examines the connections between infrastructure, welfare and citizenship in north European cities in the later nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It argues that connections between these different constructs were fundamental not only to how cities functioned but how citizens themselves were imagined. As such, the survey critiques histories of welfare and citizenship that foregr…
Decision and Organization – Processes of Strategic Decision Making and Their Explanation
Strategic decisions shape the course taken by an organization, whether it be in the public sector or the private sector. An analysis is reported of 150 cases of the making of such decisions in both publicly and privately owned organizations. Three types of decision‐making process are identified, sporadic, fluid , and constricted. Differences due to the nature of the subject matter under decision, and to the nature of the organization, are examine…
Rethinking the Origins of the British Prisons Act of 1835: Ireland and the Development of Central-Government Prison Inspection, 1820–1835
While the introduction of central-government inspectors for prisons in a British act of 1835 has been seen as a key Whig achievement of the 1830s, the Irish precedent enacted by Charles Grant, a liberal Tory chief secretary, in the early 1820s, has gone unnoticed by scholars. The article sets out to trace the Irish prefiguring of this measure and, in the process, to consider prison reform in the United Kingdom in the early nineteenth century in a…
Fatal Choice: Nuclear Weapons and the Illusion of Missile Defense
An analysis of individual treatment on a token economy for chronic schizophrenic patients
Fifty‐one individually designed treatment programmes carried out over a 22 month period on a token economy ward for 12 female chronic schizophrenic patients were analysed. Level of withdrawal was found to be a critical factor in patients’ response, both in terms of the rate and extent of improvement during the treatment stage, and presence or absence of deterioration during ‘weaning’ and follow up. No difference in response between type of behavi…
Innovations in Organizations: Appropriateness of Perspectives From Small Group Studies for Strategy Formulation
Some dimensions of innovations appropriate to processes have been closely examined in the small group, mainly experimental, literature for the purpose of illuminating the process of innovation in organizations. The processes selected are learning, communication, deviance, risk taking, creativity and brainstorming, leadership, and cohesiveness. It is argued that small group processes can offer much to the understanding of organi-zational processes…
Estimating the Narcotic Effect of Public Sector Impasse Procedures
This paper first describes in a relatively nontechnical fashion several econometric techniques that the authors believe should be useful to industrial relations researchers. Those techniques are then applied to an analysis of whether public sector impasse procedures create a “narcotic effect,” that is, a tendency for the bargaining parties, once they use the procedures, to become increasingly reliant on them in future negotiations. The authors re…
Workers' Compensation: Benefit and Injury Claims Rates in the Seventies
A LTHOUGH public policy analysts are revaluating income maintenance and income support programs, economists have devoted little attention to empirical research on one such program. Workers' Compensation (WC), a program in search of quantitative researchers, is about the same size as the Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) programs, and WC may have stronger supply effects than the UI program.' The state and …
A Transactional Approach to Organizing Efficiency: Perspectives from Markets, Hierarchies, and Collectives
A third mode of mediating transactions, the collective, which is based upon trust and commitment, is added to Williamson `s market and hierarchical modes. The three modes provide a starting point for considering the efficiency of integrating organizations. The characteristics of the three modes as arrangements for mediating transactions are examined in the light of the two underlying dimensions of communication feedback and collaboration. Feedbac…
Work Injury Compensation and the Duration of Nonwork Spells
Journal Article Work Injury Compensation and the Duration of Nonwork Spells Get access Richard J. Butler, Richard J. Butler Brigham Young University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John D. Worrall John D. Worrall Rutgers University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 95, Issue 379, 1 September 1985, Pages 714–724, https://doi.org/10.2307/223…
Trends in Unemployment Duration Data
A method of estimating the distribution of uninterrupted unemploymentspells from aggregate unemployment data is outlined. The methodology does not i mpose constant individual hazard rates and allows for heterogeneity. Characteris tics of the distribution of unemployment spells are then considered including ha zard rates, measures of inequality such as Gini coefficients, and the fraction o f total unemployment associated with S weeks of unemploy-m…
Breaking the Bounds of Organization in Strategic Decision Making
This paper examines the exercise of power in organizational decision making. Four case studies are presented in the text and are analyzed in terms of the power plays of senior managers who were centrally involved in the decision-making process. In particular, the analysis distinguishes between bounded and unbounded decisions. In the former case the power plays of interests are constrained by preestablished organizational rules and procedures, whi…
Interdistributional Income Inequality
Incomplete moments are used to characterize income inequality and provide the basis for interdistributional Lorenz curves. Four measures of interdistributional inequality are considered and seen to be related to an interdistributional welfare interpretation. Based upon these measures, there has been a significant secular decline in interdistributional inequality between blacks and whites over the past 30 years
Some Generalized Mixture Distributions with an Application to Unemployment Duration
James B. McDonald, Richard J. Butler, Some Generalized Mixture Distributions with an Application to Unemployment Duration, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 69, No. 2 (May, 1987), pp. 232-240
Top Decisions: Strategic Decision-Making in Organizations
How are important decisions made? What influences such decisions - their complexity, the ease with which they can be made, or the political dimension? The more strategic the decision, the more complex the decision making becomes. This book analyzes how that game is played at the top of big organizations - in the private and public sectors. Based on ten years of research at Bradford Management Centre, this book features the results and experience …
Strategic Decision Making: Influence Patterns in Public and Private Sector Organizations
This paper pursues the question of whether differences exist between influence patterns in decision making in public and private sector organizations. Results are reported from an analysis of the interest units appearing in 150 strategic decision-making processes studied in 30 British organizations. We conclude that, while there is an overall similarity in the involvement of types of interest units in the two sectors, there are notable difference…
Decision and Organization – Processes of Strategic Decision Making and Their Explanation
Strategic decisions shape the course taken by an organization, whether it be in the public sector or the private sector. An analysis is reported of 150 cases of the making of such decisions in both publicly and privately owned organizations. Three types of decision‐making process are identified, sporadic, fluid , and constricted. Differences due to the nature of the subject matter under decision, and to the nature of the organization, are examine…
Robust and Partially Adaptive Estimation of Regression Models
Richard J. Butler, James B. McDonald, Ray D. Nelson, Steven B. White, Robust and Partially Adaptive Estimation of Regression Models, The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 72, No. 2 (May, 1990), pp. 321-327
Gamma Duration Models with Heterogeneity
In the authors' analysis of nonwork spells for Workers Compensation Insurance, they use the family of generalized gamma distributions for the structural model of failure time and both nonparametric and parametric controls for heterogeneity. These specifications allow for nested likelihood tests of not only the correct form for parametric heterogeneity, but for the structural distributions as well. The authors find in their data that while heterog…
Managing Work Disability: Why First Return to Works is Not a Measure of Success
Managing Work Disability: Why First Return to Work is Not a Measure of Success
Studies of the effectiveness of medical and vocational rehabilitation and the disincentive effects of workers' compensation benefits frequently assume that a return to work signals the end of the limiting effects of injuries. This study is the first to test that assumption empirically. The authors use a rich data set on Ontario workers with permanent partial impairments resulting from injuries that occurred between 1974 and 1987 to show that the …
The Effects of Worker Heterogeneity on Duration Dependence: Low-Back Claims in Workers Compensation
We estimate models of workers compensation claim duration for a sample of Canadian workers with serious low-back injuries. The models extend recent duration research by allowing worker characteristics to affect duration dependence through the nonlocation parameters of the duration distribution. We compare results for modified Weibull models and piecewise-constant hazard rate models of duration dependence. The results show that workers' responses …
Modern War, Modern Law, and Army Doctrine: Are We in Step for the 21st Century
Our first problem was with using suppressive fires against the air defense. According to standard Army procedure, we simply estimated where the enemy air defense might be, based on the terrain and the force's operating pattern. But the Defense Department's lawyers insisted that before we shoot at these locations, they had to be `observed,' that is, not 'templated.' . . . By the lawyers' definition, someone would have to view Serb air defenses thr…
Fatal Choice: Nuclear Weapons and the Illusion of Missile Defense
Workers' Compensation: Benefits, Costs, and Safety under Alternative Insurance Arrangements
Thomason, Schmidle, and Burton make use of a unique data set to delve into how insurance arrangements affect several objectives of the workers' compensation (WC) program. They underscore the effects of deregulation and other changes in WC insurance pricing arrangements by performing empirical analyses that use state-specific cost, benefit, and injury data from 48 states for 1975-1995. This allows them to address the interactive relationships amon…
The Tourism Area Life Cycle, Vol. 1: Applications and Modifications
This volume contains specially commissioned chapters by leading researchers who have used and modified the original TALC model over the past two decades, a reprint of the original article, a discussion of its origins, and a comprehensive review of most of the published material using the TALC.
The Tourism Area Life Cycle, Vol.2: Conceptual and Theoretical Issues
This book comprises chapters by leading researchers who have reviewed the original model in the light of their own and other conceptual and theoretical positions and models.Sections are on the origins of the TALC, spatial relationships, alternative conceptual approaches, renewing or retiring with the TALC and predicting with the TALC.
Tourism and Indigenous Peoples
Sami Perspectives on Indigenous Tourism in Northern Europe:; I R. Butler & T. Hinch (red.) Tourism and Indigenous Peoples. Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, Oxford, 176-187. : Commerce or Cultural Development
Wage and Injury Response to Shifts in Workplace Liability
This paper examines the impact of a monumental change in tort liability law, the Federal Employers' Liability Act (FELA) of 1908. This shift from common law, by changing the way injured workers were compensated and the compensating wage differentials for risk bearing, set the stage for workers' compensation and other no-fault systems. Focusing on the New Jersey railroad system, the authors examine three periods: the pre-FELA years of 1900–1908; 1…
Economics (20 works) · Business (16 works) · Computer Science (14 works) · Political science (13 works) · Law (12 works) · Psychology (12 works) · Geography (8 works) · Law (8 works) · Mathematics (8 works) · Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research (7 works)