Sarnoff A Mednick
Biographic Data
| ID | 361659 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sarnoff A Mednick |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sarnoff A |
| FAMILY NAME | Mednick |
| SIGNATURE | MEDNICK S A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Southern California |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 37 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 56 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 36 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1955 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2009 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Association of Birth Complications and Externalizing Behavior in Early Adolescents: Direct and Mediating Effects
Prior studies have shown that birth complications interact with psychosocial risk factors in predisposing to increased externalizing behavior in childhood and criminal behavior in adulthood. However, little is known about the direct relationship between birth complications and externalizing behavior. Furthermore, the mechanism by which the birth complications predispose to externalizing behavior is not well explored. This study aims to assess whe…
Prenatal Influenza Exposure and Delivery Complications: Implications for the Development of Schizophrenia
This study assessed prenatal influenza exposure in relation to pregnancy complications and delivery complications. Participants of this study consisted of a community sample of all mothers of 1,795 children who were a birth cohort recruited at age 3 in a prospective longitudinal project in Mauritius. The onset of the 1968-1972 A2/Hong Kong influenza epidemic in January 1970 was established from officially published death rates and newspaper recor…
Stimulation seeking and intelligence: A prospective longitudinal study
The prediction that high stimulation seeking 3-year-olds would have higher IQs by 11 years old was tested in 1,795 children on whom behavioral measures of stimulation seeking were taken at 3 years, together with cognitive ability at 11 years. High 3-year-old stimulation seekers scored 12 points higher on total IQ at age 11 compared with low stimulation seekers and also had superior scholastic and reading ability. Results replicated across indepen…
Perinatal Complications Predict Violent Offending
Pregnancy and birth complications are frequently treated as one variable, despite evidence that pregnancy events and birth events may have different impacts on the developing child. This paper studies the association between perinatal events and the development of violent and property crime. In the context of a prospective study of a sample of 216 subjects drawn from a Danish birth cohort, 15 violent criminals and 24 property criminals were compa…
A Reply to Waeters and White: “Heredity and Crime”
This paper is written in response to the Walters and white (1989) review article “Heredity and Crime: Bad Genes or Bad Research?” Walters and white's criticisms are often global statements of disapproval or name‐calling rather than useful, analytic statements. Unfortunately, when they become specific, they are usually in error
Specialization in Violence: Evidence of a Criminal Subgroup
This study examines the criminal arrest records of a Danish birth cohort of 28,884 men to test the hypothesis that specialization exists for violent offending. Property offending is included for comparison. Specialization in violence is found to exist for offenders with more than three arrests, and specialization in property offending, for offenders with fewer than four arrests. Knowledge of past violent offending is discussed as a potentially va…
Predisposition to violence
This paper asks whether biological factors play a causal role in violent criminal offending. We consider the research on genetic influence and find no evidence of hereditary transmission of violent criminal behavior. There is considerable evidence, however, that violent delinquent and adult offenders exhibit an elevated frequency of brain damage. Potential sources of this brain damage exist in the prenatal and perinatal course of development.
Urban Environment, Genetics, and Crime
Gene‐environment interactions are important for the development of much human behavior. We examined the possibility that a genetic propensity to criminal behavior interacts with the type of environment in which an individual is raised. Using a cohort of adoptees, we found evidence for independent contributions of biological parent criminality (genetic influence) and urban environment rearing to prediction of adoptee criminality, but no evidence f…
Prospective Studies of Crime and Delinquency
Children of schizophrenic women: Early factors predictive of schizophrenia
The present report reviews some findings of a 20-year longitudinal study of Danish children at risk for schizophrenia. Early factors predictive of later schizophrenia in high-risk children, including infant temperament and the effect of perinatal complications, are reviewed. In addition, the role of maternal absence as a stressor is examined. Findings related to sex differences in the vulnerability of high-risk children to later pathology are dis…
Genetic Correlates of Criminal Behavior: Implications for Research, Attribution, and Prevention
Perinatal conditions and infant development in children with schizophrenic parents
A twenty‐year study was begun in Denmark in 1962 of the differential effects of pregnancy and delivery complications on children of schizophrenic parents, on children of normal parents, and on children of parents with nonschizophrenic psychiatric disorders. This paper studies these children and their parents in 1971 utilizing data on pregnancy, delivery, and the physical and neurological examinations of the children at birth and at one year of ag…
New Paths in Criminology: Interdisciplinary and Intercultural Explorations
Eeg as a Predictor of Antisocial Behavior
Slowing of alpha brain activity has been reported among antisocial individuals. One popular hypothesis to explain this slowing assumes a developmental lag, that is, brain immaturity. Studies to date have not established whether the brain wave activity precedes the development of antisocial behavior. The present longitudinal study attempts to answer this question by looking at EEG brain activity measures taken before the beginning of delinquent ac…
Schizophrenia in high-risk subjects: Prognostic maternal characteristics
Biology and Crime
Research into biological factors in the etiology of crime has long been out of favor in the United States. Yet all human behavior is partly the result of physiological causes, and it is a reasonable hypothesis that both nature and nurture influence antisocial behavior. Recent research has tested that hypothesis and results seem to confirm it. A growing body of research has consistently found that identical twins are likelier both to have criminal…
Criminal Behavior: A Psychological Analysis
Biosocial bases of criminal behavior
Reply to Hood's “On Creativity as Defined by the Remote Associates Test”
Hood (1969) has examined the implications of some of the criteria suggested by Mednick (1962) for defining creativity. He has pointed out the criterion useful and the criterion meets specified collapse into one category under certain laboratory circumstances. This is doubtless true. Mednick has an extended discussion of criteria for judgment of creativity in the section of the same paper headed Selection of the creative combination. He suggests t…
Current methodology in research on the etiology of schizophrenia: Serious difficulties which suggest the use of the high-risk-group method
Imagination
Continual association as a function of level of creativity and type of verbal stimulus
Incubation of creative performance and specific associative priming
Mothers' retrospective reports in child-rearing research
Peer Reviewed
Creativity and the need for novelty
Perinatal Complications Predict Violent Offending
Pregnancy and birth complications are frequently treated as one variable, despite evidence that pregnancy events and birth events may have different impacts on the developing child. This paper studies the association between perinatal events and the development of violent and property crime. In the context of a prospective study of a sample of 216 subjects drawn from a Danish birth cohort, 15 violent criminals and 24 property criminals were compa…
Specialization in Violence: Evidence of a Criminal Subgroup
This study examines the criminal arrest records of a Danish birth cohort of 28,884 men to test the hypothesis that specialization exists for violent offending. Property offending is included for comparison. Specialization in violence is found to exist for offenders with more than three arrests, and specialization in property offending, for offenders with fewer than four arrests. Knowledge of past violent offending is discussed as a potentially va…
Biosocial bases of criminal behavior
Incubation of creative performance and specific associative priming
Creativity and the need for novelty
Urban Environment, Genetics, and Crime
Gene‐environment interactions are important for the development of much human behavior. We examined the possibility that a genetic propensity to criminal behavior interacts with the type of environment in which an individual is raised. Using a cohort of adoptees, we found evidence for independent contributions of biological parent criminality (genetic influence) and urban environment rearing to prediction of adoptee criminality, but no evidence f…
The Association of Birth Complications and Externalizing Behavior in Early Adolescents: Direct and Mediating Effects
Prior studies have shown that birth complications interact with psychosocial risk factors in predisposing to increased externalizing behavior in childhood and criminal behavior in adulthood. However, little is known about the direct relationship between birth complications and externalizing behavior. Furthermore, the mechanism by which the birth complications predispose to externalizing behavior is not well explored. This study aims to assess whe…
Eeg as a Predictor of Antisocial Behavior
Slowing of alpha brain activity has been reported among antisocial individuals. One popular hypothesis to explain this slowing assumes a developmental lag, that is, brain immaturity. Studies to date have not established whether the brain wave activity precedes the development of antisocial behavior. The present longitudinal study attempts to answer this question by looking at EEG brain activity measures taken before the beginning of delinquent ac…
Genetic Correlates of Criminal Behavior: Implications for Research, Attribution, and Prevention
Distortions in the gradient of stimulus generalization related to cortical brain damage and schizophrenia
A Reply to Waeters and White: “Heredity and Crime”
This paper is written in response to the Walters and white (1989) review article “Heredity and Crime: Bad Genes or Bad Research?” Walters and white's criticisms are often global statements of disapproval or name‐calling rather than useful, analytic statements. Unfortunately, when they become specific, they are usually in error
Criminal Behavior: A Psychological Analysis
A test of some behavioral hypotheses drawn from Alexander's specificity theory
The autokinetic word technique
Distortions in the gradient of stimulus generalization related to cortical brain damage and schizophrenia
Perception of disturbing and neutral words through the autokinetic word technique
A learning theory approach to research in schizophrenia
This chapter is concerned with some aspects of schizophrenic behavior that seem amenable to interpretation in terms of learning theory. There is no pretense of completeness or uniqueness of explanation, univocal experimental support or lack of other theories to explain the same behavior. The chapter reviews certain experiments studying the conditioning, generalization, and learning of schizophrenics, and show how these results can be understood i…
Stimulus Generalization as a Function of Level of Achievement Imagery
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Stimulus Generalization as a Function of Level of Achievement Imagery
Learning theory and schizophrenia: A reply to a comment
A test of some behavioral hypotheses drawn from Alexander's specificity theory
Stimulus generalization
The associative basis of the creative process.
The intent of this paper is the presentation of an associative interpretation of the process of creative thinking. The explanation is not directed to any specific field of application such as art or science but attempts to delineate processes that underlie all creative thought. The discussion will take the following form, (a) First, we will define creative thinking in associative terms and indicate three ways in which creative solutions may be ac…
Mothers' retrospective reports in child-rearing research
Peer Reviewed
Creativity and the need for novelty
Reminiscence and Stage of Illness in Schizophrenia: Erratum
Reminiscence and stage of illness in schizophrenia
Imagination
Continual association as a function of level of creativity and type of verbal stimulus
Incubation of creative performance and specific associative priming
Current methodology in research on the etiology of schizophrenia: Serious difficulties which suggest the use of the high-risk-group method
Reply to Hood's “On Creativity as Defined by the Remote Associates Test”
Hood (1969) has examined the implications of some of the criteria suggested by Mednick (1962) for defining creativity. He has pointed out the criterion useful and the criterion meets specified collapse into one category under certain laboratory circumstances. This is doubtless true. Mednick has an extended discussion of criteria for judgment of creativity in the section of the same paper headed Selection of the creative combination. He suggests t…
Biosocial bases of criminal behavior
Criminal Behavior: A Psychological Analysis
Schizophrenia in high-risk subjects: Prognostic maternal characteristics
Biology and Crime
Research into biological factors in the etiology of crime has long been out of favor in the United States. Yet all human behavior is partly the result of physiological causes, and it is a reasonable hypothesis that both nature and nurture influence antisocial behavior. Recent research has tested that hypothesis and results seem to confirm it. A growing body of research has consistently found that identical twins are likelier both to have criminal…
New Paths in Criminology: Interdisciplinary and Intercultural Explorations
Eeg as a Predictor of Antisocial Behavior
Slowing of alpha brain activity has been reported among antisocial individuals. One popular hypothesis to explain this slowing assumes a developmental lag, that is, brain immaturity. Studies to date have not established whether the brain wave activity precedes the development of antisocial behavior. The present longitudinal study attempts to answer this question by looking at EEG brain activity measures taken before the beginning of delinquent ac…
Psychology (32 works) · Cognitive psychology (13 works) · Developmental psychology (12 works) · Medicine (12 works) · Criminology (10 works) · Psychiatry (10 works) · Neuroscience (7 works) · Social Psychology (7 works) · Biology (6 works) · Clinical Psychology (6 works)