Anthony Harding
Biographic Data
| ID | 3623766 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Anthony Harding |
| GIVEN NAMES | Anthony |
| FAMILY NAME | Harding |
| SIGNATURE | HARDING A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Archaeology, University of Exeter |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6289-8253 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 148 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1969 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
A unifying theory of foreign intervention in domestic climate policy
Watts and bots
Rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence is expected to drive proportional expansion of economic activity through productivity gains–potentially leading to higher energy consumption and associated environmental impacts, including increased carbon dioxide emissions. We combine data on economic activity with early estimates of likely adoption of AI across occupations and industries to quantify the potential change in energy use and carbon dioxide…
An Indigenous perspective on climate engineering
Indigenous Peoples remain uniquely exposed to the threat of anthropogenic climate change, thereby requiring the research community to collaboratively explore (alongside Indigenous organizations and individuals) new approaches to climate risk mitigation. This Perspective assesses one aspect of climate risk mitigation - climate engineering, an umbrella term which we use to encompass emergent negative emissions technologies (like direct air capture)…
Interactions and -isations in the Aegean and beyond
Connectivity in the ancient world has become a subject of such consuming interest in recent years that new publications on various aspects of the issue, pertaining to some area or period, appear with great regularity. Just in later European prehistory we have Continental connections: exploring cross-channel relationships (Anderson-Whymark et al.2015), Exchange networks and local transformations (Alberti & Sabatini 2013) and Enclosed space-open so…
Castelliere on the Karst
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Oxhide ingots in the European North
The above paper by Ling and Stos-Gale raises interesting questions about the extent and effects of trans-continental trade and travel in the Bronze Age. Of course, there is nothing new in the suggestion that Scandinavia was closely linked to the eastern Mediterranean in this period: Kristian Kristiansen, and before him Jan Bouzek, Klavs Randsborg and Peter Schauer have been saying just that for many years (e.g. Bouzek 1966; Randsborg 1967; Schaue…
Trade and Exchange
This article takes a look at trade and exchange in Bronze Age Europe. It first determines whether the word ‘trade’ should be used in a prehistoric context, since it implies an economic system that uses money and has markets – two aspects which were not common at the time. The article then identifies the primary sources of evidence of trade and exchange in the Bronze Age, such as shipwrecks that carried cargo from European countries and objects wh…
Salt Production in the Bronze Age
This article studies salt production in the Bronze Age, which was usually conducted in areas where briquetage has been found. Due to recent discoveries of well-preserved wooden objects, it has been revealed that the briquetage technique of producing salt was not the only one used during the Bronze Age. This discussion describes and explains some of these salt-producing techniques, from salt mining at Hallstatt and salt production using wooden tro…
Introduction
This article introduces the Bronze Age in Europe. It starts with a review of the two books that were considered as the main references for the European Bronze Age, and then notes the changes which occurred in archaeology that provided more information on the Bronze Age. The article also lists the sources of information for Bronze Age archaeology, such as the deposition of grave goods. The article ends with sections on the debates in Bronze Age ar…
Velim and Violence
The Bronze Age site of Velim, Czech Republic, saw the deposition of much skeletal material, mostly disarticulated and dumped in disorder in pits and ditches. A number of explanations have been advanced for this (cult, defence, normal burial, warfare followed by massacre). The paper considers the evidence for each explanation, and attempts a reinterpretation in the light of recent work on comparable sites, notably in the Tollense valley in north-e…
The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age
The Bronze Age in Europe has been the subject for some books over the years, including Coles and Harding’s The Bronze Age in Europe and Jacques Briard’s The Bronze Age in Barbarian Europe. This handbook aims to add relevant information about the Bronze Age, and covers Bronze Age Europe outside the Aegean area. It is split into two main parts, which provide a thematic approach (Part I) and geographical approach (Part II) to the study of the Europe…
Animals in Bronze Age Europe
This article discusses the biological, economic, and cultural traits of animals in Bronze Age Europe, which are best compared in terms of resource mobility and reproduction rates. It first discusses the available evidences, such as animal remains and the formation of animal bone deposits. The article then looks at animal husbandry in Bronze Age Europe, and studies the trends of animal exploitation. The next section shows the role of animals – suc…
Penetrating Bronze Age weaponry - Friedrich Laux. Die Schwerter in Niedersachsen (Prähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IV, 17. Band). xiv+252 pages, 82 plates. 2009. Mainz
Penetrating Bronze Age weaponry - Friedrich Laux. Die Schwerter in Niedersachsen (Prähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IV, 17. Band). xiv+252 pages, 82 plates. 2009. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur & Stuttgart: Franz Steiner; 978-3-515-09389-7 hardback €98. - Marek Gedl. Die Lanzenspitzen in Polen (Prähitorische Bronzefunde Abteilung V, 3. Band). x+190 pages, 60 plates. 2009. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literat…
Evidence for Prehistoric Salt Extraction Rediscovered in the Hungarian Central Mining Museum
This paper describes a group of wooden objects (a trough, ladder, mallet and other pieces) found in 1817 in a salt mine in north-eastern Austria-Hungary, now Ukraine, which have recently come to light in the Hungarian Central Mining Museum in Sopron. It presents new radiocarbon dates indicating that the objects date to the Bronze Age, except for one that belongs to the early medieval period. Their function is briefly considered in the context of …
Corneşti-Iarcuri - a Bronze Age town in the Romanian Banat
A massive Late Bronze Age fortified settlement in Central Europe has been the subject of a new and exemplary investigation by excavation and site survey. This prehistoric enclosure, nearly 6km across, had a complex development, dense occupation and signs of destruction by fire. It can hardly be other than a capital city playing a role in the determinant struggles of its day - weighty and far reaching events of the European continent now being chr…
Die Bedeutung der Praehistorischen Zeitschrift für die europäische Vorgeschichtsforschung
Living on the lake in the Iron Age
The island site of Biskupin with its densely planned interior bears an uncanny resemblance to a prison camp. Is it typical of the Iron Age in Northern Europe? The authors here explore neighbouring sites around Poznań using aerial photographs, geophysical survey and dendrochronology - to stunning effect. These low impact methods have given high impact results: dated street plans, some similar and others different from Biskupin, but within the same…
Communication in archaeology
Communicating archaeology from one person or group to another is beset with problems. The media, the public and students all have different requirements, while the language in which they are addressed – both the spoken language and the intellectual framework or discourse – can act as a disincentive to understanding. Big changes are in store for archaeologists and for other members of the academic community as electronic publication takes over fro…
Ancient Warfare
The origins of war and ethnic violence, Jonathan Haas biosocial and bioarchaeological aspects of conflict and warfare, Don Brothwell beyond the Western way of war - ancient battlefields in comparative perspective, John Carman stone age warfare, Slavomil Vencl war and peace in prehistoric Eastern Europe, P.M. Dolukhanov neolithic enclosures in Greek Macedonia - violent and non-violent aspects of territorial demarcation, Dimkitra Kokkinidou and Mar…
The 1996 Research Assessment Exercise in British universities
ANTIQUITY invited a member of the Research Assessment panel for archaeology in British universities to write about the exercise. He declined; as the matter was sub judice, he must be silent. Perhaps that phrase defines the colleague as judge, rather than as peer-reviewer.Fortunately, Barry Cunliffe, chairman of the archaeology review panel (and of ANTIQUITY'S trustees), made public his views in his Presidential Anniversary Address to the Society …
Mycenaean Greece and Europe
The renewed controversy over the question of Mycenaean trade with ‘barbarian’ Europe (Renfrew 1968; Branigan 1970, 1972; etc.) has emphasised the need for a thorough study of the various classes of evidence involved. Recent work on the faience beads of Early Bronze Age Europe (Harding 1971; Harding and Warren 1973) has tended to show that local production is likely, at any rate in continental Europe, while a study of the amber trade to Mycenaean …
Amber in the Mycenaean World
Amber has long been recognized as an important indicator of Mycenaean foreign contacts. Though much has been written, no thorough survey of the topic has yet been undertaken. The chief purpose of this article is to present a corpus, as complete as the authors can make it, of the known Mycenaean amber finds, together with those from adjacent areas. Since the nineteenth century amber objects in Italy and Greece have generally been considered by sch…
Pavlopetri
In 1967 N. C. Flemming of the Institute of Oceanography discovered a submerged settlement, probably of the Bronze Age, off the south coast of Laconia opposite Elaphonisos Island. The following year the Cambridge Underwater Exploration Group formed an expedition to investigate the site. The main aims of the expedition were: 1. To survey the visible remains of the site in order to produce the plan of a prehistoric town on a larger scale than is pos…
The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age
The Bronze Age in Europe has been the subject for some books over the years, including Coles and Harding’s The Bronze Age in Europe and Jacques Briard’s The Bronze Age in Barbarian Europe. This handbook aims to add relevant information about the Bronze Age, and covers Bronze Age Europe outside the Aegean area. It is split into two main parts, which provide a thematic approach (Part I) and geographical approach (Part II) to the study of the Europe…
Corneşti-Iarcuri - a Bronze Age town in the Romanian Banat
A massive Late Bronze Age fortified settlement in Central Europe has been the subject of a new and exemplary investigation by excavation and site survey. This prehistoric enclosure, nearly 6km across, had a complex development, dense occupation and signs of destruction by fire. It can hardly be other than a capital city playing a role in the determinant struggles of its day - weighty and far reaching events of the European continent now being chr…
Animals in Bronze Age Europe
This article discusses the biological, economic, and cultural traits of animals in Bronze Age Europe, which are best compared in terms of resource mobility and reproduction rates. It first discusses the available evidences, such as animal remains and the formation of animal bone deposits. The article then looks at animal husbandry in Bronze Age Europe, and studies the trends of animal exploitation. The next section shows the role of animals – suc…
Amber in the Mycenaean World
Amber has long been recognized as an important indicator of Mycenaean foreign contacts. Though much has been written, no thorough survey of the topic has yet been undertaken. The chief purpose of this article is to present a corpus, as complete as the authors can make it, of the known Mycenaean amber finds, together with those from adjacent areas. Since the nineteenth century amber objects in Italy and Greece have generally been considered by sch…
Evidence for Prehistoric Salt Extraction Rediscovered in the Hungarian Central Mining Museum
This paper describes a group of wooden objects (a trough, ladder, mallet and other pieces) found in 1817 in a salt mine in north-eastern Austria-Hungary, now Ukraine, which have recently come to light in the Hungarian Central Mining Museum in Sopron. It presents new radiocarbon dates indicating that the objects date to the Bronze Age, except for one that belongs to the early medieval period. Their function is briefly considered in the context of …
Living on the lake in the Iron Age
The island site of Biskupin with its densely planned interior bears an uncanny resemblance to a prison camp. Is it typical of the Iron Age in Northern Europe? The authors here explore neighbouring sites around Poznań using aerial photographs, geophysical survey and dendrochronology - to stunning effect. These low impact methods have given high impact results: dated street plans, some similar and others different from Biskupin, but within the same…
Pavlopetri
In 1967 N. C. Flemming of the Institute of Oceanography discovered a submerged settlement, probably of the Bronze Age, off the south coast of Laconia opposite Elaphonisos Island. The following year the Cambridge Underwater Exploration Group formed an expedition to investigate the site. The main aims of the expedition were: 1. To survey the visible remains of the site in order to produce the plan of a prehistoric town on a larger scale than is pos…
Mycenaean Greece and Europe
The renewed controversy over the question of Mycenaean trade with ‘barbarian’ Europe (Renfrew 1968; Branigan 1970, 1972; etc.) has emphasised the need for a thorough study of the various classes of evidence involved. Recent work on the faience beads of Early Bronze Age Europe (Harding 1971; Harding and Warren 1973) has tended to show that local production is likely, at any rate in continental Europe, while a study of the amber trade to Mycenaean …
Pavlopetri
In 1967 N. C. Flemming of the Institute of Oceanography discovered a submerged settlement, probably of the Bronze Age, off the south coast of Laconia opposite Elaphonisos Island. The following year the Cambridge Underwater Exploration Group formed an expedition to investigate the site. The main aims of the expedition were: 1. To survey the visible remains of the site in order to produce the plan of a prehistoric town on a larger scale than is pos…
Amber in the Mycenaean World
Amber has long been recognized as an important indicator of Mycenaean foreign contacts. Though much has been written, no thorough survey of the topic has yet been undertaken. The chief purpose of this article is to present a corpus, as complete as the authors can make it, of the known Mycenaean amber finds, together with those from adjacent areas. Since the nineteenth century amber objects in Italy and Greece have generally been considered by sch…
Mycenaean Greece and Europe
The renewed controversy over the question of Mycenaean trade with ‘barbarian’ Europe (Renfrew 1968; Branigan 1970, 1972; etc.) has emphasised the need for a thorough study of the various classes of evidence involved. Recent work on the faience beads of Early Bronze Age Europe (Harding 1971; Harding and Warren 1973) has tended to show that local production is likely, at any rate in continental Europe, while a study of the amber trade to Mycenaean …
The 1996 Research Assessment Exercise in British universities
ANTIQUITY invited a member of the Research Assessment panel for archaeology in British universities to write about the exercise. He declined; as the matter was sub judice, he must be silent. Perhaps that phrase defines the colleague as judge, rather than as peer-reviewer.Fortunately, Barry Cunliffe, chairman of the archaeology review panel (and of ANTIQUITY'S trustees), made public his views in his Presidential Anniversary Address to the Society …
Ancient Warfare
The origins of war and ethnic violence, Jonathan Haas biosocial and bioarchaeological aspects of conflict and warfare, Don Brothwell beyond the Western way of war - ancient battlefields in comparative perspective, John Carman stone age warfare, Slavomil Vencl war and peace in prehistoric Eastern Europe, P.M. Dolukhanov neolithic enclosures in Greek Macedonia - violent and non-violent aspects of territorial demarcation, Dimkitra Kokkinidou and Mar…
Communication in archaeology
Communicating archaeology from one person or group to another is beset with problems. The media, the public and students all have different requirements, while the language in which they are addressed – both the spoken language and the intellectual framework or discourse – can act as a disincentive to understanding. Big changes are in store for archaeologists and for other members of the academic community as electronic publication takes over fro…
Die Bedeutung der Praehistorischen Zeitschrift für die europäische Vorgeschichtsforschung
Living on the lake in the Iron Age
The island site of Biskupin with its densely planned interior bears an uncanny resemblance to a prison camp. Is it typical of the Iron Age in Northern Europe? The authors here explore neighbouring sites around Poznań using aerial photographs, geophysical survey and dendrochronology - to stunning effect. These low impact methods have given high impact results: dated street plans, some similar and others different from Biskupin, but within the same…
Penetrating Bronze Age weaponry - Friedrich Laux. Die Schwerter in Niedersachsen (Prähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IV, 17. Band). xiv+252 pages, 82 plates. 2009. Mainz
Penetrating Bronze Age weaponry - Friedrich Laux. Die Schwerter in Niedersachsen (Prähistorische Bronzefunde Abteilung IV, 17. Band). xiv+252 pages, 82 plates. 2009. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur & Stuttgart: Franz Steiner; 978-3-515-09389-7 hardback €98. - Marek Gedl. Die Lanzenspitzen in Polen (Prähitorische Bronzefunde Abteilung V, 3. Band). x+190 pages, 60 plates. 2009. Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literat…
Evidence for Prehistoric Salt Extraction Rediscovered in the Hungarian Central Mining Museum
This paper describes a group of wooden objects (a trough, ladder, mallet and other pieces) found in 1817 in a salt mine in north-eastern Austria-Hungary, now Ukraine, which have recently come to light in the Hungarian Central Mining Museum in Sopron. It presents new radiocarbon dates indicating that the objects date to the Bronze Age, except for one that belongs to the early medieval period. Their function is briefly considered in the context of …
Corneşti-Iarcuri - a Bronze Age town in the Romanian Banat
A massive Late Bronze Age fortified settlement in Central Europe has been the subject of a new and exemplary investigation by excavation and site survey. This prehistoric enclosure, nearly 6km across, had a complex development, dense occupation and signs of destruction by fire. It can hardly be other than a capital city playing a role in the determinant struggles of its day - weighty and far reaching events of the European continent now being chr…
Trade and Exchange
This article takes a look at trade and exchange in Bronze Age Europe. It first determines whether the word ‘trade’ should be used in a prehistoric context, since it implies an economic system that uses money and has markets – two aspects which were not common at the time. The article then identifies the primary sources of evidence of trade and exchange in the Bronze Age, such as shipwrecks that carried cargo from European countries and objects wh…
Salt Production in the Bronze Age
This article studies salt production in the Bronze Age, which was usually conducted in areas where briquetage has been found. Due to recent discoveries of well-preserved wooden objects, it has been revealed that the briquetage technique of producing salt was not the only one used during the Bronze Age. This discussion describes and explains some of these salt-producing techniques, from salt mining at Hallstatt and salt production using wooden tro…
Introduction
This article introduces the Bronze Age in Europe. It starts with a review of the two books that were considered as the main references for the European Bronze Age, and then notes the changes which occurred in archaeology that provided more information on the Bronze Age. The article also lists the sources of information for Bronze Age archaeology, such as the deposition of grave goods. The article ends with sections on the debates in Bronze Age ar…
Velim and Violence
The Bronze Age site of Velim, Czech Republic, saw the deposition of much skeletal material, mostly disarticulated and dumped in disorder in pits and ditches. A number of explanations have been advanced for this (cult, defence, normal burial, warfare followed by massacre). The paper considers the evidence for each explanation, and attempts a reinterpretation in the light of recent work on comparable sites, notably in the Tollense valley in north-e…
The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age
The Bronze Age in Europe has been the subject for some books over the years, including Coles and Harding’s The Bronze Age in Europe and Jacques Briard’s The Bronze Age in Barbarian Europe. This handbook aims to add relevant information about the Bronze Age, and covers Bronze Age Europe outside the Aegean area. It is split into two main parts, which provide a thematic approach (Part I) and geographical approach (Part II) to the study of the Europe…
Animals in Bronze Age Europe
This article discusses the biological, economic, and cultural traits of animals in Bronze Age Europe, which are best compared in terms of resource mobility and reproduction rates. It first discusses the available evidences, such as animal remains and the formation of animal bone deposits. The article then looks at animal husbandry in Bronze Age Europe, and studies the trends of animal exploitation. The next section shows the role of animals – suc…
Oxhide ingots in the European North
The above paper by Ling and Stos-Gale raises interesting questions about the extent and effects of trans-continental trade and travel in the Bronze Age. Of course, there is nothing new in the suggestion that Scandinavia was closely linked to the eastern Mediterranean in this period: Kristian Kristiansen, and before him Jan Bouzek, Klavs Randsborg and Peter Schauer have been saying just that for many years (e.g. Bouzek 1966; Randsborg 1967; Schaue…
Castelliere on the Karst
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Interactions and -isations in the Aegean and beyond
Connectivity in the ancient world has become a subject of such consuming interest in recent years that new publications on various aspects of the issue, pertaining to some area or period, appear with great regularity. Just in later European prehistory we have Continental connections: exploring cross-channel relationships (Anderson-Whymark et al.2015), Exchange networks and local transformations (Alberti & Sabatini 2013) and Enclosed space-open so…
Watts and bots
Rapid expansion of Artificial Intelligence is expected to drive proportional expansion of economic activity through productivity gains–potentially leading to higher energy consumption and associated environmental impacts, including increased carbon dioxide emissions. We combine data on economic activity with early estimates of likely adoption of AI across occupations and industries to quantify the potential change in energy use and carbon dioxide…
An Indigenous perspective on climate engineering
Indigenous Peoples remain uniquely exposed to the threat of anthropogenic climate change, thereby requiring the research community to collaboratively explore (alongside Indigenous organizations and individuals) new approaches to climate risk mitigation. This Perspective assesses one aspect of climate risk mitigation - climate engineering, an umbrella term which we use to encompass emergent negative emissions technologies (like direct air capture)…
A unifying theory of foreign intervention in domestic climate policy
History (16 works) · Ancient history (13 works) · Archaeology (12 works) · Bronze Age (12 works) · Geography (12 works) · Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies (11 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (10 works) · Bronze (9 works) · History (7 works) · Prehistory (6 works)