Richard Grabowski
Biographic Data
| ID | 3624253 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Richard Grabowski |
| GIVEN NAMES | Richard |
| FAMILY NAME | Grabowski |
| SIGNATURE | GRABOWSKI R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Southern Illinois University Carbondale |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0617-1110 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 42 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 42 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Agricultural productivity and the share of manufacturing employment
This paper develops a new mechanism by which agricultural productivity growth can augment the share of manufacturing employment. Agricultural productivity growth can, through its impact on relative price, result in depreciation in the real effective exchange rate. This in turn improves the competitiveness of tradable sector production, in particular manufacturing. Ethiopia is used as a case study to illustrate these ideas. Ethiopia is chosen beca…
Industrialization and deindustrialization in Indonesia
This paper argues that rising food staple prices can pose a significant barrier to the growth of labour‐intensive manufacturing by raising real wage rates. This is important because an expanding manufacturing sector has both comparative static and dynamic effects on labour productivity growth. The experience of Indonesia is used to illustrate these ideas
Agrarian Big Push Strategy of Economic Development: An Ethiopian Example
This article argues that the big push strategy for economic development has generally focused on manufacturing. However, there are few empirical examples of a successful application of this strategy. Instead, a big push strategy focused on agriculture seems more likely to succeed. Such a strategy can also provide the foundation for a successful shift into manufacturing via structural change. Ethiopia is used as an example of an agricultural big p…
Food staple production and alternative development paths: India and China
In this paper, it is argued that structural change has been quite different in India as compared with China, with the former seeming to skip labor-intensive manufacturing while the latter fully exploiting this sector's potential for employment and growth. It is hypothesized that productivity growth in agriculture, particularly food staples, is a critical factor in explaining the differences in structural change. In China, rapid agricultural growt…
Deindustrialisation in Mozambique: The role of agriculture
Developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, have found it very difficult to expand manufacturing and have experienced premature deindustrialisation. It is argued in this article that this is the result of a policy shift that has reduced both the indirect taxation of agriculture and the indirect subsidising of manufacturing. The negative impact of this policy shift on manufacturing can be offset by the rapid growth of agricultural prod…
Political legitimacy and economic development: The role of agriculture in Costa Rica
This article argues that rapid agricultural growth, the benefits of which are broadly diffused, promotes structural change and economic development via a process which has, for the most part, gone unrecognized. Specifically, broad-based agricultural growth produces legitimacy for the political elite and this allows them to restructure the coalition upon which they depend. Thus, the influence on policy of the agrarian and/or merchant based elites …
Resource-based economies and deindustrialisation: An Indonesian perspective on sub-Saharan Africa
This article compares recent development in sub-Saharan Africa to other regions, particularly Southeast Asia. Structural change in the former resulted in deindustrialisation, whereas structural change in the latter involved rapid expansion in labour intensive manufacturing. Though this contrasting experience is related to how resource dependent these economies are, this article argues that the critical factor in the lack of manufacturing growth i…
The Effectiveness of Development Policy
This paper utilizes a semi-open dualistic model of economic development to explain why African states have in the past chosen to follow comparative advantage defying strategies of development while East and Southeast Asia have chosen comparative advantage following strategies. It will be argued here that the difference in policies chosen by these two regions is partly the result of the poor performance of the food staples sector in the former rel…
Economic Development: A Regional, Institutional, and Historical Approach
The second edition of this innovative and affordable book integrates environmental and financial sustainability into its distinctive regional approach. By focusing on political economy in its cultural, religious and historical roots, as well as leadership decisions, it spurs critical thinking. Working through the unique development paths of individual countries, the authors foster integrative thinking and a strong sense of realism about both the …
Agricultural Growth, Political Legitimacy, and Outward-Oriented Growth
This paper develops a model in which the ability to raise tax revenue is of crucial importance to the state. Most poor countries rely upon the shifting of resources from hard- to easy-to-tax sectors and the policies utilized have generally been characterized as import substitution industrialization. A shift to outward-oriented growth depends on a process by which a larger proportion of the economy becomes formalized. Broad-based agricultural grow…
Economic growth without transformation: The case of Uganda
This paper argues that Uganda's economic development has been characterised by structural change in production without structural change in employment. This poses dangers to continued growth. Although labour is increasingly abundant, low productivity in agriculture, it is argued, makes labour expensive. This is due to policy failure – lack of investment in agriculture – and ultimately to the evolution of patron–client politics in Uganda. Rapid ag…
Agricultural Productivity and Industrialization
The article develops a series of models to analyze the role of agriculture in the development process. The final 3-sector model argues that the agricultural growth can lead to the development of a potential comparative advantage in manufacturing. However, the state's need for revenue often creates barriers to economic reform. Agricultural productivity can provide the basis for this reform. The experiences of Indonesia and South Korea are used to …
Indonesian economic development: Political economy of an effective state
Over the last four decades, the Indonesian state has effectively combined rapid economic growth with significant reductions in poverty, i.e. pro-poor growth. This paper argues that the effective reduction of poverty resulted from rapid agricultural growth. This in turn was the result of a strategy of development involving significant agricultural investment. It will be argued that the ruling elite chose this path because it was dependent on agric…
Effective States and Agriculture: East Asian Experience
If the state does not extend its institutional structures into the countryside to collect revenue, effective government may not reach much further than the area around the capital. In this case, resources must be extracted from the countryside indirectly to enhance the profitability of the formal sector in urban areas, creating substantial rents, which then can be taxed. The result is a limited state that lacks political development and engages i…
Political Development and Growth: Japan until World War II
It is hypothesized in this paper that the way by which a ruling elite extracts its resources significantly influences the evolution of state-related institutions. Specifically, if the ruling elite must construct a penetrating set of institutions to extract revenue and in order to encourage payment of taxes must also provide services in return (reciprocity), then states are likely to have institutions conducive to economic growth. Institutions res…
Agricultural Revolution, Political Development, and Long-Run Economic Growth
This paper argues that the more a ruling elite is dependent upon a small minority for the resources necessary to politically survive, the more likely it is to be predatory, Alternatively, the broader the group upon which the ruling elite depends for political survival, the less likely the elite will be predatory, and this is what is meant by political development. Thus, political development is necessary for long-run economic development and poli…
Constructing National Economic Interests
Less developed nations are plagued by significant economic coordination problems. Solutions to these problems will be developmental (in an economic sense) if national economic interests dominate government policy-making. The construction of a national economic interest in economic growth occurs as the result of the development of cross-cutting ties among groups within society and this results from the evolution of social and cultural networks and…
East Asia, Land Reform and Economic Development
In trying to explain the economic success of East Asia (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) reference is often made to the fact that all three of these countries had extensive land reforms. These land reforms are thought to have significantly contributed to the rapid growth of the region by eliminating the landlord class and providing the basis for an equitable distribution of the benefits of growth. However, it is often argued that these land reform…
The Relationship of State and Society: Productive or Unproductive
The policies followed by patrimonial states generally involve playing one group against another and are inimical to long-run growth. Social cohesion or closure among rural groups (tenants, part-owners, etc.) provides a mechanism by which the governing elite are likely to find increased opportunities to behave in a developmental way. More strongly, this rural cohesion or closure often compels them to behave in a developmental manner. Such closure …
The State and the Pursuit of the National Economic Interest
A developmental state is autonomous and pursues the national economic interest. The extent of a state's autonomy is related to the characteristics of its predominant economic sector. The degree to which a state pursues the national interest is related to its vulnerability. Both autonomy and vulnerability can be influenced via policy. The creation of an integrated market system based upon broad based agricultural development creates an environment…
Market Evolution and Economic Development: The Evolution of Impersonal Markets
This paper seeks to integrate the concepts of embedded exchange and impersonal exchange via the notion of integrated markets. The more integrated market exchange is, the more likely that each potential actor in the exchange process is linked to a large number of others. As a result, it is less likely that buyers and sellers will choose to cheat each other, and market exchange thrives. Integration occurs as a result of bridging structural holes in…
Learning, multiple equilibria, and the state: Agriculture’s role
Traders' dilemmas and development: A variety of solutions
Agriculture, Markets, and Economic Development
In this paper the major problem faced by buyers and sellers interacting in a market place is likened to the well known prisoners' dilemma. The solution to this dilemma involves the generation of information via the activities of traders. The latter can use either traditional or entrepreneurial mechanisms for assembling information. The traditional mechanism is not subject to significant economies of scale, while the entrepreneurial mode is. The e…
Economic development and the rise of market systems
The successful developmental state: Where does it come from
The theory of induced institutional innovation: A critique
Market Evolution and Economic Development: The Evolution of Impersonal Markets
This paper seeks to integrate the concepts of embedded exchange and impersonal exchange via the notion of integrated markets. The more integrated market exchange is, the more likely that each potential actor in the exchange process is linked to a large number of others. As a result, it is less likely that buyers and sellers will choose to cheat each other, and market exchange thrives. Integration occurs as a result of bridging structural holes in…
The failure of import substitution: Reality and myth
Additional informationNotes on contributorsRichard GrabowskiDr. Grabowski is Professor of Economics at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale
Education and child mortality in Egypt
A Historical Reassessment of Early Japanese Development
Political Development and Growth: Japan until World War II
It is hypothesized in this paper that the way by which a ruling elite extracts its resources significantly influences the evolution of state-related institutions. Specifically, if the ruling elite must construct a penetrating set of institutions to extract revenue and in order to encourage payment of taxes must also provide services in return (reciprocity), then states are likely to have institutions conducive to economic growth. Institutions res…
Traders' dilemmas and development: A variety of solutions
Lewis and Ricardo: A reinterpretation
Industrialization and deindustrialization in Indonesia
This paper argues that rising food staple prices can pose a significant barrier to the growth of labour‐intensive manufacturing by raising real wage rates. This is important because an expanding manufacturing sector has both comparative static and dynamic effects on labour productivity growth. The experience of Indonesia is used to illustrate these ideas
Resource-based economies and deindustrialisation: An Indonesian perspective on sub-Saharan Africa
This article compares recent development in sub-Saharan Africa to other regions, particularly Southeast Asia. Structural change in the former resulted in deindustrialisation, whereas structural change in the latter involved rapid expansion in labour intensive manufacturing. Though this contrasting experience is related to how resource dependent these economies are, this article argues that the critical factor in the lack of manufacturing growth i…
Economic growth without transformation: The case of Uganda
This paper argues that Uganda's economic development has been characterised by structural change in production without structural change in employment. This poses dangers to continued growth. Although labour is increasingly abundant, low productivity in agriculture, it is argued, makes labour expensive. This is due to policy failure – lack of investment in agriculture – and ultimately to the evolution of patron–client politics in Uganda. Rapid ag…
The Relationship of State and Society: Productive or Unproductive
The policies followed by patrimonial states generally involve playing one group against another and are inimical to long-run growth. Social cohesion or closure among rural groups (tenants, part-owners, etc.) provides a mechanism by which the governing elite are likely to find increased opportunities to behave in a developmental way. More strongly, this rural cohesion or closure often compels them to behave in a developmental manner. Such closure …
The state and economic development
Taiwanese Economic Development: An Alternative Interpretation
The Implications of an Induced Innovation Model
The Implications of an Induced Innovation Model
Induced Innovation, Green Revolution, and Income Distribution: Reply
Agricultural innovation in less developed countries
A Historical Reassessment of Early Japanese Development
The supply of labor in agriculture and food prices: The cases of Japan and Egypt
The theory of induced institutional innovation: A critique
Taiwanese Economic Development: An Alternative Interpretation
Lewis and Ricardo: A reinterpretation
Agriculture, mechanisation and land tenure
It is argued in this article that the meaning or bias of any particular package of new techniques is dependent upon the social structure within which the new technology is applied. Thus in certain structures high‐yielding technologies increase the demand for labour, provide additional income for small farmers, and lower relative food prices. In other social structures, the poverty‐reducing impact of such a technology is significantly blunted. Wit…
Technical, Scale, and Allocative Efficiencies in U.S. Banking: An Empirical Investigation
A nonparametric frontier approach is used to calculate the overall, technical, pure technical, allocative, and scale efficiencies for a sample of 322 independent banks. The sample was drawn from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation tapes on the Reports of Conditions and Reports of Income (Call Reports) for the year 1986. The results indicate a low level of overall efficiency. The main source of inefficiency is technical in nature, rather tha…
Education and child mortality in Egypt
European and East Asian exceptionalism: Agriculture and economic growth
Agriculture's role in development has traditionally been seen to be a provider of things to the modern industrial sector. In this paper it is argued that those countries which historically have succeeded as those which have, at least for some time period, nurtured agriculture. Bates has pointed out that this was the case for English agriculture and this paper argues that it was also the case for Japan during both the Tokugawa and Meiji periods. J…
Urban Bias, Villages and Economic Development
The successful developmental state: Where does it come from
Peasant Agriculture and the Distribution of Power in Prewar East Asia
This paper examines agricultural development in EastAsia (Taiwan, Korea, and Japan) in the prewar period. It is argued that rapid productivity growth in this region depended on a redistribution of power in the countryside. In Japan this redistribution of power was linked to the development of strong village structures that proved resistant to attempts by the government to extract agricultural surplus. For Korea and Taiwan colonization by Japan re…
The state and economic development
The failure of import substitution: Reality and myth
Additional informationNotes on contributorsRichard GrabowskiDr. Grabowski is Professor of Economics at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale
Economic development and the rise of market systems
Traders' dilemmas and development: A variety of solutions
Agriculture, Markets, and Economic Development
In this paper the major problem faced by buyers and sellers interacting in a market place is likened to the well known prisoners' dilemma. The solution to this dilemma involves the generation of information via the activities of traders. The latter can use either traditional or entrepreneurial mechanisms for assembling information. The traditional mechanism is not subject to significant economies of scale, while the entrepreneurial mode is. The e…
Learning, multiple equilibria, and the state: Agriculture’s role
Market Evolution and Economic Development: The Evolution of Impersonal Markets
This paper seeks to integrate the concepts of embedded exchange and impersonal exchange via the notion of integrated markets. The more integrated market exchange is, the more likely that each potential actor in the exchange process is linked to a large number of others. As a result, it is less likely that buyers and sellers will choose to cheat each other, and market exchange thrives. Integration occurs as a result of bridging structural holes in…
The State and the Pursuit of the National Economic Interest
A developmental state is autonomous and pursues the national economic interest. The extent of a state's autonomy is related to the characteristics of its predominant economic sector. The degree to which a state pursues the national interest is related to its vulnerability. Both autonomy and vulnerability can be influenced via policy. The creation of an integrated market system based upon broad based agricultural development creates an environment…
Constructing National Economic Interests
Less developed nations are plagued by significant economic coordination problems. Solutions to these problems will be developmental (in an economic sense) if national economic interests dominate government policy-making. The construction of a national economic interest in economic growth occurs as the result of the development of cross-cutting ties among groups within society and this results from the evolution of social and cultural networks and…
East Asia, Land Reform and Economic Development
In trying to explain the economic success of East Asia (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) reference is often made to the fact that all three of these countries had extensive land reforms. These land reforms are thought to have significantly contributed to the rapid growth of the region by eliminating the landlord class and providing the basis for an equitable distribution of the benefits of growth. However, it is often argued that these land reform…
Economics (37 works) · Political science (26 works) · Agriculture (24 works) · Geography (23 works) · Economic system (21 works) · Economic growth (20 works) · Development economics (17 works) · Market economy (16 works) · Business (14 works) · Politics (13 works)