Robert Warren
Biographic Data
| ID | 3628339 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert Warren |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert |
| FAMILY NAME | Warren |
| SIGNATURE | WARREN R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Center for Migration Studies of New York |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2397-8506 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 73 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 760 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 73 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1941 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Estimates of the Size and Composition of the Undocumented Immigrant Population in the U.S. in 2024
Executive Summary This paper shows detailed estimates of the U.S. undocumented population in 2024. These estimates include detailed estimates of persons in “liminal” statuses. They account for a period (since 2020) of large-scale migration, legal and illegal, to the United States that significantly contributed to its undocumented population. The estimates show that 3.0 million of the population that arrived from 2021 to 2024 were known to the fed…
A New Residual Approach for Estimating Undocumented Populations
Demographers generally agree that the total undocumented population in the United States increased from 3.5 million in 1990 to about 12 million in 2008 and declined from 2008 to 2010. The consensus breaks down after 2010, however, with three of the five organizations that derive annual estimates of the population showing increases from 2010 to 2018 and two organizations reporting substantial declines over the period. The primary reason for this d…
After a Decade of Decline, the US Undocumented Population Increased by 650,000 in 2022
Executive Summary This report describes estimates of the undocumented population residing in the United States in 2022 compiled by the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS). The estimates are based on data collected in the American Community Survey (ACS) conducted by the US Census Bureau ( Ruggles et al. 2023 ). The report finds that the undocumented population grew from 10.3 million in 2021 to 10.9 million in 2022, an increase of 650,00…
An Analysis of Trends in the US Undocumented Population Since 2011 and Estimates of the Undocumented Population for 2021
Executive Summary In 2021, the undocumented population residing in the United States (US) increased slightly to 10.3 million, compared to 10.2 million the previous year. The gradual decline or near-zero growth of this population has continued for more than a decade. However, the large increases in apprehensions at the southern border in recent years, along with continued legislative gridlock in Congress, could portend a new era of growth of this …
Undercount of Undocumented Residents in the 2020 American Community Survey and Estimates and Trends in the Undocumented Population from 2010 to 2020, by US State and Country of Origin
This report shows estimates of the undocumented population residing in the United States from 2010 to 2020, by US state of residence and country of origin. The estimates are based primarily on data from the American Community Survey (ACS) collected annually by the US Census Bureau. 1 As it does each year, the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) assessed the accuracy of the ACS data for 2020 for the noncitizen population from more than …
Personality metatraits predict resilience among family caregivers responsible for a dependent youth’s chronic respiratory management
Consistent with DeYoung's conceptualization, higher Alpha and Beta predicted caregiver resilience, albeit through different pathways. The emotional stability, perseverance and emotional regulation associated with Alpha likely accounted for its positive association with caregiver mental health. Beta, in contrast, may operate through their adaptive flexibility, personal resourcefulness and social engagement to augment coping efforts that involve ot…
American Community Survey: Use with Caution , An Analysis of the Undercount in the 2020 ACS Data Used to Derive Estimates of the Undocumented Population
This paper analyzes and provides estimates of the undercount of the foreign-born in the US Census Bureau’s 2020 American Community Survey (ACS). It confirms that a differential undercount occurred in the 2020 ACS. In particular, noncitizens that arrived from Central American countries after 1981 had undercount rates of 15–25 percent, but undercount of noncitizens that arrived from European countries in the same period was not detectable by the me…
Ready to Stay: A Comprehensive Analysis of the US Foreign-Born Populations Eligible for Special Legal Status Programs and for Legalization Under Pending Bills
This paper offers estimates of US foreign-born populations that are eligible for special legal status programs and those that would be eligible for permanent residence (legalization) under pending bills. It seeks to provide policymakers, government agencies, community-based organizations (CBOs), researchers, and others with a unique tool to assess the potential impact, implement, and analyze the success of these programs. It views timely, compreh…
Ten Years of Democratizing Data: Privileging Facts, Refuting Misconceptions and Examining Missed Opportunities
The Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) initiated its “Democratizing Data” project in 2013 to make detailed demographic information widely available on the US undocumented, eligible to naturalize, and other non-citizen populations. The paper begins by outlining top-line findings and themes from the more than 30 CMS studies under this project. It then examines and refutes four persistent misconceptions that have inhibited public underst…
Making Citizenship an Organizing Principle of the US Immigration System: An Analysis of How and Why to Broaden Access to Permanent Residence and Naturalization for New Americans
This paper proposes that the United States treat naturalization not as the culmination of a long and uncertain individual process, but as an organizing principle of the US immigration system and its expectation for new Americans. It comes at a historic inflection point, following the chaotic departure of one of the most nativist administrations in US history and in the early months of a new administration whose executive orders, administrative ac…
In 2019, the US Undocumented Population Continued a Decade-Long Decline and the Foreign-Born Population Neared Zero Growth
Reverse Migration to Mexico Led to US Undocumented Population Decline: 2010 To 2018
Executive Summary This report presents estimates of the undocumented population residing in the United States in 2018, highlighting demographic changes since 2010. The Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) compiled these estimates based primarily on information collected in the US Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS). The annual CMS estimates of undocumented residents for 2010 to 2018 include all the detailed characteristics c…
Statelessness in the United States: A Study to Estimate and Profile the US Stateless Population
Executive Summary In October 2017, the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) initiated a study to map the stateless population in the United States. This study sought to: Develop a methodology to estimate the US stateless population; Provide provisional estimates and profiles of persons who are potentially stateless or potentially at risk of statelessness in the United States; Create a research methodology that encouraged stateless perso…
US Foreign-Born Workers in the Global Pandemic: Essential and Marginalized
Executive Summary This article provides detailed estimates of foreign-born (immigrant) workers in the United States who are employed in “essential critical infrastructure” sectors, as defined by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) of the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (DHS 2020). Building on earlier work by the Center for Migration Studies (CMS), the article offers exhaustive estimates on essential workers on a n…
US Undocumented Population Continued to Fall from 2016 to 2017 and Visa Overstays Significantly Exceeded Illegal Crossings for the Seventh Consecutive Year
Fixing What’s Most Broken in the US Immigration System: A Profile of the Family Members of US Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents Mired in Multiyear Backlogs
Executive Summary The US Department of State (DOS) reports that as of November 2018, nearly 3.7 million persons had been found by US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to have a close family relationship to a US citizen or lawful permanent resident (LPR) that qualified them for a visa, but were on “the waiting list in the various numerically-limited immigrant categories” ( DOS 2018 ). These backlogs in family-based “preference” (numeric…
Putting Americans First: A Statistical Case for Encouraging Rather than Impeding and Devaluing US Citizenship
Executive Summary This article examines the ability of immigrants to integrate and to become full Americans. Naturalization has long been recognized as a fundamental step in that process and one that contributes to the nation’s strength, cohesion, and well-being. To illustrate the continued salience of citizenship, the article compares selected characteristics of native-born citizens, naturalized citizens, legal noncitizens (most of them lawful p…
DREAM Act-Eligible Poised to Build on the Investments Made in Them
This paper presents the results of a study by the Center for Migration Studies (CMS) on potential beneficiaries of the DREAM Act of 2017 (the “DREAM Act” or “Act”). The study reveals a long-term, h
DREAM Act-Eligible Poised to Build on the Investments Made in Them
This paper presents the results of a study by the Center for Migration Studies (CMS) on potential beneficiaries of the DREAM Act of 2017 (the “DREAM Act” or “Act”). The study reveals a long-term, highly productive population, with deep ties to the United States. In particular, it finds that: • More than 2.2 million US residents would qualify for conditional residence under the DREAM Act. • An additional 929,000 — who are now age 18 and over — arr…
A Statistical and Demographic Profile of the US Temporary Protected Status Populations from El Salvador, Honduras, and Haiti
Executive Summary 1 This report presents detailed statistical information on the US Temporary Protected Status (TPS) populations from El Salvador, Honduras, and Haiti. TPS can be granted to noncitizens from designated nations who are unable to return to their countries because of armed conflict, environmental disaster, or other extraordinary and temporary conditions. In January 2017, an estimated 325,000 migrants from 13 TPS-designated countries …
The 2,000 Mile Wall in Search of a Purpose: Since 2007 Visa Overstays have Outnumbered Undocumented Border Crossers by a Half Million
The Trump administration has made the construction of an “impregnable” 2,000-mile wall across the length of the US-Mexico border a centerpiece of its executive orders on immigration and its broader immigration enforcement strategy. This initiative has been broadly criticized based on: • Escalating cost projections: an internal Department of Homeland Security (DHS) study recently set the cost at $21.6 billion over three and a half years; • Its nec…
Zero Undocumented Population Growth is Here to Stay and Immigration Reform Would Preserve and Extend These Gains
This report demonstrates that a broad and sustained reduction in undocumented immigration to the United States occurred in the 2008 to 2015 period. First, the report shows that, contrary to conventional wisdom, the Great Recession had little, if any, role in the transformation to zero population growth. The population stopped growing because of increased scrutiny of air travel after 9/11, a decade and a half of accelerating efforts to reduce ille…
Mass Deportations Would Impoverish US Families and Create Immense Social Costs
Executive Summary 1 This paper provides a statistical portrait of the US undocumented population, with an emphasis on the social and economic condition of mixed-status households - that is, households that contain a US citizen and an undocumented resident. It is based primarily on data compiled by the Center for Migration Studies (CMS). Major findings include the following: • There were 3.3 million mixed-status households in the United States in …
Zero Undocumented Population Growth Is Here to Stay and Immigration Reform Would Preserve and Extend These Gains
This report demonstrates that a broad and sustained reduction in undocumented immigration to the United States occurred in the 2008 to 2015 period. First, the report shows that, contrary to conventional wisdom, the Great Recession had little, if any, role in the transformation to zero population growth. The population stopped growing because of increased scrutiny of air travel after 9/11, a decade and a half of accelerating efforts to reduce ille…
Mass Deportations Would Impoverish US Families and Create Immense Social Costs
Executive Summary1This paper provides a statistical portrait of the US undocumented population, with an emphasis on the social and economic condition of mixed-status households - that is, household
The Organization of Government in Metropolitan Areas: A Theoretical Inquiry
Allusions to the "problem of metropolitan government" are often made in characterizing the difficulties supposed to arise because a metropolitan region is a legal non-entity. From this point of view, the people of a metropolitan region have no general instrumentality of government available to deal directly with the range of problems which they share in common. Rather there is a multiplicity of federal and state governmental agencies, counties, c…
A Count of the Uncountable: Estimates of Undocumented Aliens Counted in the 1980 United States Census
This paper presents estimates that show that 2 million undocumented aliens were included in the 1980 US census. Of these 1.1 million were born in Mexico. The estimates derived with a residual method are developed by comparing a census-based estimate of aliens with estimates of the legally resident alien population based on data collected by the US Immigration and Naturalization Service in January 1980. Estimates are presented by age sex and perio…
Foreign-Born Emigration from the United States: 1960 To 1970
This paper presents estimates of emigration of foreign-born persons by age and sex for 1960 to 1970, based on 1960 and 1970 census counts of the foreign-born population, adjusted life table survival rates, and annual statistics on alien immigration published by the Immigration and Naturalization Service. The effects of nativity bias are discussed. It is estimated that approximately 1,140,000 foreign-born persons emigrated between 1960 and 1970, o…
Unauthorized Immigration to the United States: Annual Estimates and Components of Change, by State, 1990 to 2010
We describe a method for producing annual estimates of the unauthorized immigrant population in the United Sates and components of population change, for each state and DC, for 1990–2010. We quantify a sharp drop in the number of unauthorized immigrants arriving since 2000, and we demonstrate the role of departures from the population (emigration, adjustment to legal status, removal by the Department of Homeland Security [DHS], and deaths) in red…
Putting Americans First: A Statistical Case for Encouraging Rather than Impeding and Devaluing US Citizenship
Executive Summary This article examines the ability of immigrants to integrate and to become full Americans. Naturalization has long been recognized as a fundamental step in that process and one that contributes to the nation’s strength, cohesion, and well-being. To illustrate the continued salience of citizenship, the article compares selected characteristics of native-born citizens, naturalized citizens, legal noncitizens (most of them lawful p…
The 2,000 Mile Wall in Search of a Purpose: Since 2007 Visa Overstays have Outnumbered Undocumented Border Crossers by a Half Million
The Trump administration has made the construction of an “impregnable” 2,000-mile wall across the length of the US-Mexico border a centerpiece of its executive orders on immigration and its broader immigration enforcement strategy. This initiative has been broadly criticized based on: • Escalating cost projections: an internal Department of Homeland Security (DHS) study recently set the cost at $21.6 billion over three and a half years; • Its nec…
Democratizing Data about Unauthorized Residents in the United States: Estimates and Public-Use Data, 2010 to 2013
Information about the unauthorized resident population is needed to develop and evaluate US immigration policy, determine the social and economic effects of unauthorized immigration, and assist public and private service providers in carrying out their missions. Until recently, estimates have been available only for selected data points at the national and sometimes the state level. The Center for Migration Studies (CMS) convened a meeting in Sep…
Fixing What’s Most Broken in the US Immigration System: A Profile of the Family Members of US Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents Mired in Multiyear Backlogs
Executive Summary The US Department of State (DOS) reports that as of November 2018, nearly 3.7 million persons had been found by US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to have a close family relationship to a US citizen or lawful permanent resident (LPR) that qualified them for a visa, but were on “the waiting list in the various numerically-limited immigrant categories” ( DOS 2018 ). These backlogs in family-based “preference” (numeric…
US Foreign-Born Workers in the Global Pandemic: Essential and Marginalized
Executive Summary This article provides detailed estimates of foreign-born (immigrant) workers in the United States who are employed in “essential critical infrastructure” sectors, as defined by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) of the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) (DHS 2020). Building on earlier work by the Center for Migration Studies (CMS), the article offers exhaustive estimates on essential workers on a n…
Mass Deportations Would Impoverish US Families and Create Immense Social Costs
Executive Summary 1 This paper provides a statistical portrait of the US undocumented population, with an emphasis on the social and economic condition of mixed-status households - that is, households that contain a US citizen and an undocumented resident. It is based primarily on data compiled by the Center for Migration Studies (CMS). Major findings include the following: • There were 3.3 million mixed-status households in the United States in …
Mass Deportations Would Impoverish US Families and Create Immense Social Costs
Executive Summary1This paper provides a statistical portrait of the US undocumented population, with an emphasis on the social and economic condition of mixed-status households - that is, household
Management and the Worker: An Account of a Research Program Conducted by the Western Electric Company, Hawthorne Works, Chicago
In 2019, the US Undocumented Population Continued a Decade-Long Decline and the Foreign-Born Population Neared Zero Growth
Beyond Dapa and Daca: Revisiting Legislative Reform in Light of Long-Term Trends in Unauthorized Immigration to the United States
released a paper that provides new estimates of the US unauthorized resident population (Warren 2014). The paper describes the development of a new dataset which has detailed information about unauthorized
Building Urban Governance: An Agenda for the 1990S
Effective and democratic local self-governance is the basic building block of the federal system. It allows citizens to make and carry out important decisions affecting their day-to-day lives. To further this capacity, an agenda is needed that calls for: a sphere of relative fiscal and policy autonomy for localities in relation to the state and national government; equality of status and broad expansion of citizen participation in formal governin…
US Undocumented Population Continued to Fall from 2016 to 2017 and Visa Overstays Significantly Exceeded Illegal Crossings for the Seventh Consecutive Year
National Interests and Common Ground in the US Immigration Debate: How to Legalize the US Immigration System and Permanently Reduce Its Undocumented Population
The conventional wisdom holds that the only point of consensus in the fractious US immigration debate is that the system is broken. Yet, the US public has consistently expressed a desire for a lega
Situating the city and September 11th: Military Urban Doctrine, 'Pop-Up' Armies and Spatial Chess
An evolving body of doctrine, Military Operations in Urbanized Terrain (MOUT), has developed over the last several decades on the assumption that extensive military presence in cities in both warfare and less than war conditions will be necessary in the twenty-first century to deal with the aggression of 'rouge' nations, terrorism and civilian disorders. The examination of MOUT doctrine undertaken here, most basically, contributes to a recognitio…
The New Privatism, Federalism, and The Future of Urban Governance: National Urban Policy in the 1980S
Two policies of the Reagan administration threaten the traditional role of cities both as basic elements in the nation’s governing structure and as socio-economic communities. The long-standing belief that an important criterion for judging both public and private action is its contribution to the welfare of the city has been abandoned. Under what may be called the New Privatism the existence or creation of any community is now primarily justifie…
Long-term Immigration to the United States: New Approaches to Measurement
The United Nations has recommended the measurement of types of international migration using demographic criteria, including length of stay and purpose of travel. Information systems at the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) have the potential to provide a basis for documenting these demographic characteristics, in particular, length of stay of temporary migrants to the United States. This article analyzes these characteristics of …
Reverse Migration to Mexico Led to US Undocumented Population Decline: 2010 To 2018
Executive Summary This report presents estimates of the undocumented population residing in the United States in 2018, highlighting demographic changes since 2010. The Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) compiled these estimates based primarily on information collected in the US Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS). The annual CMS estimates of undocumented residents for 2010 to 2018 include all the detailed characteristics c…
National Interests and Common Ground in the US Immigration Debate: How to Legalize the US Immigration System and Permanently Reduce Its Undocumented Population
The conventional wisdom holds that the only point of consensus in the fractious US immigration debate is that the system is broken. Yet, the US public has consistently expressed a desire for a legal and orderly immigration system that serves compelling national interests. This paper describes how to create such a system. It focuses on the cornerstone of immigration reform, 1 the legal immigration system, 2 and addresses the widespread belief that…
Estimates of long-term immigration to the United States: Moving US statistics toward United Nations concepts
US immigration data are revised to reflect the UN demographic concept of long-term immigration. Long-term immigration is measured by the number of new immigrants (permanent resident aliens) arriving in the year, temporary migrant arrivals (nonimmigrants) who subsequently adjust to permanent resident status, arrivals of asylees and refugees, and nonimmigrants who arrive during the year and stay for more than twelve months before departing. The est…
Ready to Stay: A Comprehensive Analysis of the US Foreign-Born Populations Eligible for Special Legal Status Programs and for Legalization Under Pending Bills
This paper offers estimates of US foreign-born populations that are eligible for special legal status programs and those that would be eligible for permanent residence (legalization) under pending bills. It seeks to provide policymakers, government agencies, community-based organizations (CBOs), researchers, and others with a unique tool to assess the potential impact, implement, and analyze the success of these programs. It views timely, compreh…
Zero Undocumented Population Growth is Here to Stay and Immigration Reform Would Preserve and Extend These Gains
This report demonstrates that a broad and sustained reduction in undocumented immigration to the United States occurred in the 2008 to 2015 period. First, the report shows that, contrary to conventional wisdom, the Great Recession had little, if any, role in the transformation to zero population growth. The population stopped growing because of increased scrutiny of air travel after 9/11, a decade and a half of accelerating efforts to reduce ille…
Management and the Worker: An Account of a Research Program Conducted by the Western Electric Company, Hawthorne Works, Chicago
The British White Paper
A Theoretical Framework of Change: A Case Study of the Seattle Metropolitan Area
A Theoretical Framework of Change: A Case Study of the Seattle Metropolitan Area
The Organization of Government in Metropolitan Areas: A Theoretical Inquiry
Allusions to the "problem of metropolitan government" are often made in characterizing the difficulties supposed to arise because a metropolitan region is a legal non-entity. From this point of view, the people of a metropolitan region have no general instrumentality of government available to deal directly with the range of problems which they share in common. Rather there is a multiplicity of federal and state governmental agencies, counties, c…
Political Form and Metropolitan Reform
The 1968 Election in Washington
The 1968 Election in Washington
Federal-Local Development Planning: Scale Effects in Representation and Policy Making
a larger-scale organization, often multicounty, and establishment of mechanisms for the representation of the poor and minorities in policy making are two examples. Metropolitan area councils of government and regional air pollution control agencies reflect the first pattern and economic opportunity boards the second. In a few cases, such as economic development districts, both the creation of a large-scale organization and the representation of …
Land Use Controls: Present Problems and Future Reform
Governing Urban Space: Multi‐boundary Politics
Foreign-Born Emigration from the United States: 1960 To 1970
This paper presents estimates of emigration of foreign-born persons by age and sex for 1960 to 1970, based on 1960 and 1970 census counts of the foreign-born population, adjusted life table survival rates, and annual statistics on alien immigration published by the Immigration and Naturalization Service. The effects of nativity bias are discussed. It is estimated that approximately 1,140,000 foreign-born persons emigrated between 1960 and 1970, o…
The New Privatism, Federalism, and The Future of Urban Governance: National Urban Policy in the 1980S
Two policies of the Reagan administration threaten the traditional role of cities both as basic elements in the nation’s governing structure and as socio-economic communities. The long-standing belief that an important criterion for judging both public and private action is its contribution to the welfare of the city has been abandoned. Under what may be called the New Privatism the existence or creation of any community is now primarily justifie…
Jefferson Davis Gets His Citizenship Back
In 1979 Robert Penn Warren returned to his native Todd Country, Kentucky, to attend ceremonies in honor of another native son, Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederacy, whose United States citizenship had just been restored, ninety years after his death, by a special act of Congress. From that nostalgic journey grew this reflective essay on the tragic career of Jefferson Davis-not a modern man in any sense of the word but a conservative call…
Urban Policy Problems: Policy Research, the New Federalism, and the 1980s
Coproduction, Equity, and the Distribution of Safety
In response to decreases in federal funding affecting a number of urban services and substantial reductions in other fiscal resources, municipal governments have developed several new methods to deal with their new financial constraints. One such strategy, labeled "coproduction" by researchers, has been the transfer of part or all of the costs of producing some municipal services to individuals. When citizens engage in coproduction activities, eq…
Public Policy and Community-Oriented Uses of Cable Television
Little is known about the role of cable television systems as an element of the communications infrastructure of cities. This research looks at local cable systems in terms of households served, total channels and community-oriented channels per system, interactive capacity, and local origination programming. A considerable gap is found between the vision of the "wired city" and the current performance of cable systems on these measures. The find…
Information, Space, and the Control of Local Decisions
Policy scientists have long recognized that economic institutions located far from cities can manipulate resources to affect local policies and politics. Too often, however, these same students have failed to consider the implications of these same actors’ control over the production and manipulation of information used to affect economic and political issues.This article assesses the current balance of control over information between cities and…
Urban Universities and the Distribution of Growth in Developed Nations
Coproduction, Volunteerism, Privatization, and the Public Interest
A Count of the Uncountable: Estimates of Undocumented Aliens Counted in the 1980 United States Census
This paper presents estimates that show that 2 million undocumented aliens were included in the 1980 US census. Of these 1.1 million were born in Mexico. The estimates derived with a residual method are developed by comparing a census-based estimate of aliens with estimates of the legally resident alien population based on data collected by the US Immigration and Naturalization Service in January 1980. Estimates are presented by age sex and perio…
A Community Services Budget: Public, Private, and Third-Sector Roles in Urban Services
Voluntary and nonprofit organizations, private firms, and public agencies provide and produce many of the same goods and services at the local level. Consequently, the adequacy, equity, and efficiency of the local public sector and the aggregate performance of the three sectors cannot be fully assessed without accounting for the effects of all sectors. A multisectoral framework or "community services budget" is proposed in this article to facilit…
Telematics and Urban Life: The Questions of Gender, Class, and Urban Form—Rejoinder to John P. Frendreis
The effects of telecommunications and information technology on urban form cannot be separated from the effects of telematics on the internal and spatial organization of the firm on a world scale. To do so misses important consequences for urban space and masks the ways current applications of technology reinforce and extend existing patterns of class, race, gender inequalities and spatial hegemony
National Urban Policy and the Local State: Paradoxes of Meaning, Action, and Consequences
There has been a failure in the mainstream discussion of national urban policy to recognize that policy ends and means are derived from political choices (not economic laws); that federal policy has been contradictory in rhetoric and effect but consistent in favoring capital over place and people; and that proposed national solutions tend to be top-down and limited, particularly in relation to class and race. To confront these issues, the terms o…
Long-term Immigration to the United States: New Approaches to Measurement
The United Nations has recommended the measurement of types of international migration using demographic criteria, including length of stay and purpose of travel. Information systems at the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) have the potential to provide a basis for documenting these demographic characteristics, in particular, length of stay of temporary migrants to the United States. This article analyzes these characteristics of …
Political science (54 works) · Sociology (44 works) · Law (41 works) · Geography (39 works) · Economics (33 works) · Migration and Labor Dynamics (33 works) · Population (33 works) · Law (32 works) · Demography (31 works) · Demography (28 works)