Joseph Schwartz
Biographic Data
| ID | 3629873 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Joseph Schwartz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Joseph |
| FAMILY NAME | Schwartz |
| SIGNATURE | SCHWARTZ J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Northeastern University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 49 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 290 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 49 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1963 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Investigating the Content of #UequalsU on Twitter
Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) is the scientific fact that HIV cannot be transmitted when an individual is virally suppressed. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to greatly reduce HIV stigma and its negative effects. However, U = U is not widely known. Given that Twitter has the potential to raise awareness of health issues, the purpose of this study was to analyze the content of the #UequalsU on Twitter. The results showed tha…
PrEP on TikTok
HIV remains a serious problem in the U.S. particularly for men who have sex with men. PrEP is an intervention that can dramatically decrease the risk of HIV infection. Because rates of PrEP adoption have been lower than anticipated, researchers have called for new tactics for promoting PrEP. For this reason, we analyzed PrEP messaging on TikTok. In an analysis guided by the Health Belief Model, we found that discussions of PrEP benefits and barri…
Information Seeking and MSM’s Beliefs about PrEP and Condoms
This study examined how frequently men who have sex with men (MSM) used a selection of sources, including news media, social media, health organizations, and dating/hookup apps, for HIV information. Additionally, the study explored the extent to which MSM’s efficacy beliefs about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and perceptions of condom importance could be predicted by the sources they used. A sample of MSM (N= 969) were surveyed online. Results …
Communication Strategies for Discussing PrEP with Men Who Have Sex with Men
HIV continues to be a pressing problem, particularly for men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective means of preventing HIV infection, but adoption of it by MSM has been sluggish. Though there are many reasons for PrEP's limited adoption, healthcare providers' lack of skill in communicating with MSM likely plays a role. This study employed in-depth interviews with MSM who have adopted PrEP to explore ho…
Exploring perceptions of healthcare providers’ communication skill and PrEP use in men who have sex with men
HIV continues to be serious issue in the U.S., especially for men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre–exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective means of preventing HIV, but its adoption has been slower than expected. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which MSM’s perceptions of their healthcare providers’ level of communication skill predicted PrEP status. An online survey of 969 MSM was conducted. The results showed …
HIV and Anniversary Journalism
The purpose of this study was to analyze the frequency of statements about population susceptibility and threat severity of HIV/AIDS. Using a coding scheme derived from the Extended Parallel Process Model, we analyzed 219 articles of World AIDS Day news coverage from 1988 through 2017. Our results show that while susceptibility did change over time, coverage minimized the impact the disease has had on men who have sex with men (MSM)
Retracted Article
This study focuses on how gay men communicate about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), focusing on how they learned about PrEP, how they discussed adoption with health care providers, and to what extent they have encountered stigma on social networks. In this qualitative study, 39 gay PrEP users were interviewed about PrEP. A majority of the participants learned about PrEP via friends and potential sex partners, and a majority of the participants e…
Crosscutting Social Circles
Crosscutting Social Circles describes a theory of groups' relations to each other, and tests the theory in the 125 largest metropolitan areas In the United States. The focus is on the Influence social structure exerts on intergroup relations. Blau and Schwartz show how role relations are influenced by how people are distributed among social positions. Examples are a community's racial composition, division of labor, ethnic heterogeneity, income I…
Risk for Incident Hypertension Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Veterans and the Effect of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality risk. Neither the prospective relationship of PTSD to incident hypertension risk nor the effect of PTSD treatment on hypertension risk has been established. METHODS: Data from a nationally representative sample of 194,319 veterans were drawn from the Veterans Administration (VA) roster of United States service men and women. This included…
Perceived Discrimination and Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping Among Hispanics
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the relationship of perceived racism to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in Hispanics. We explored possible associations between ABP nocturnal dipping and perceived racism in a Hispanic cohort. METHODS: Participants included 180 community-dwelling Hispanics from the Northern Manhattan Study. Measures included perceived racism, socioeconomic status, social support, and ABP monitoring. Nocturnal ABP nondipping was de…
A Discussion of Suzanne Mettler’s Degrees of Inequality
The discipline of political science in the United States evolved in tandem with the development of democratic education and the modern university system. Since the early years of the twentieth century, political science has been an academic discipline housed in universities and colleges, and most political scientists earn their living as university or college teachers. And yet as individual academics or as a discipline, we rarely stand back from …
Body Talk
In this study, we conducted a content analysis of 243 photographic images of men published on the gay male-oriented blog Queerty.com. We also analyzed 435 user-generated comments from a randomly selected 1-year sample. Focusing on images' body types, we found that the range of body types featured on the blog was quite narrow-the vast majority of images had very low levels of body fat and very high levels of muscularity. Users' body image-related …
Resisting the Exploitation of Contingent Faculty Labor in the Neoliberal University
This article explores why tenured faculty, particularly at major public and private research universities, often have failed to engage in collective resistance to the rise of the neoliberal university and the exploitation of “casualized” academic labor. Thirty years of steady federal and state cuts in the funding of higher education have led to the quasi-privatization of public higher education, with both public and private universities viewing t…
A Peculiar Blind Spot
This article explores why over the past thirty years political theorists largely failed to address the emergence of neoliberal capitalism and the debilitating effects of growing inequality on the lives of ordinary people and on the nature of democracy. The article argues that the predominant focus of political theory from the 1980s onwards on the role of group identity in political action and on epistemological questions of the nature of the self…
Dimensions of Perceived Racism and Self-Reported Health
Our results suggest that noxious effects of race-related exclusion and threat transcend between-group differences in discriminatory experiences. The effects of race-related exclusion and threat on health, however, may operate through different mechanisms
Modeling multisystem biological risk in young adults
Although much prior research has focused on identifying the roles of major regulatory systems in health risks, the concept of allostatic load (AL) focuses on the importance of a more multisystems view of health risks. How best to operationalize allostatic load, however, remains the subject of some debate. We sought to test a hypothesized metafactor model of allostatic load composed of a number of biological system factors, and to investigate mode…
Whose Voices Are Heard? Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Newspaper Sources
Investigating Differences in Public Support for Gay Rights Issues
Public opinion surrounding two of the most well-known gay rights issues-same-sex marriage and adoption by gays and lesbians-varies widely: About 30% of the public favors same-sex marriage, while about 50% favors adoption. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the demographic variables that predict attitudes toward same-sex marriage and adoption by gays and lesbians. Political ideology and attendance at religious services emerged as…
Queer Tales of Morality
The framing contest of claims makers in the same-sex marriage debate offers the opportunity to examine the role of power and the cultural context in framing. Content and frame analyses of stories from daily papers and wire services, and textual analysis of marriage in stories published in the states with anti-same-sex marriage ballot initiatives reveal that although same-sex marriage-friendly frames appear more often than traditional-marriage fra…
Coverage of Methamphetamine in GLBT Newspapers
Research demonstrates that methamphetamine is a serious problem in gay communities. This study examined the framing of methamphetamine in nine gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) newspapers. Results showed that methamphetamine was framed as a “gay problem,” that sexual health and solutions frames were prevalent, and that GLBT newspapers covered methamphetamine in a way that is similar to how they covered AIDS in the 1980s. Implications…
Sociodemographic Variations in Self‐Reported Racism in a Community Sample of Blacks and Latino(a)s
This study investigated dimensions of socioeconomic status (SES) and self‐reported racism among a convenience sample of 418 U.S.‐born, Black and Latino(a) urban‐dwelling adults. Predictors included indexes of individual and neighborhood SES. Self‐reported racism was assessed with the Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire–Community Version. Individuals at all levels of SES report racism, but the type of exposure varies by SES. Lower levels…
The Future Of Democratic Equality
2011 David Easton Award, presented for the best book by the Foundations of Political Theory section of APSA: The Future of Democratic Equality, by Joseph Schwartz, takes on three tasks, and accomplishes all brilliantly. Any one of these tasks well fulfilled would have been a laudable achievement. First, Schwartz argues for the centrality of the question of equality to democratic politics. Second, he critically analyzes and explains the shocking r…
Racism and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in a Community Sample
Objective: Racism has been identified as a psychosocial stressor that may contribute to disparities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. The goal of the present article was to investigate the relationship of perceived racism to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in a sample of American-born Blacks and Latinos. Methods: Participants included English-speaking Black or Latino(a) adults between the ages of 24 and 65. They completed daily mood di…
Social status and health
From Domestic to Global Solidarity
Social status and health
Dimensions of Perceived Racism and Self-Reported Health
Our results suggest that noxious effects of race-related exclusion and threat transcend between-group differences in discriminatory experiences. The effects of race-related exclusion and threat on health, however, may operate through different mechanisms
Investigating Differences in Public Support for Gay Rights Issues
Public opinion surrounding two of the most well-known gay rights issues-same-sex marriage and adoption by gays and lesbians-varies widely: About 30% of the public favors same-sex marriage, while about 50% favors adoption. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the demographic variables that predict attitudes toward same-sex marriage and adoption by gays and lesbians. Political ideology and attendance at religious services emerged as…
Who Gets Ahead? The Determinants of Economic Success in America
Sociodemographic Variations in Self‐Reported Racism in a Community Sample of Blacks and Latino(a)s
This study investigated dimensions of socioeconomic status (SES) and self‐reported racism among a convenience sample of 418 U.S.‐born, Black and Latino(a) urban‐dwelling adults. Predictors included indexes of individual and neighborhood SES. Self‐reported racism was assessed with the Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire–Community Version. Individuals at all levels of SES report racism, but the type of exposure varies by SES. Lower levels…
Resisting the Exploitation of Contingent Faculty Labor in the Neoliberal University
This article explores why tenured faculty, particularly at major public and private research universities, often have failed to engage in collective resistance to the rise of the neoliberal university and the exploitation of “casualized” academic labor. Thirty years of steady federal and state cuts in the funding of higher education have led to the quasi-privatization of public higher education, with both public and private universities viewing t…
Whose Voices Are Heard? Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Newspaper Sources
The Welfare Approach to Measuring Inequality
The work on this chapter was done while Joseph Schwartz was a graduate student at Harvard University (with support from National Science Foundation Grant SOC76-24394, Harrison White, principal investigator) and Christopher Winship was a research associate at the Institute for Research on Poverty. This research was supported in part by funds granted to the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin-Madison by the Department o…
Markovian Prediction of Sequential Temporal Patterns in Spontaneous Speech
Observations on successive sound and silence durations in spontaneous speech have revealed a regular structure. Periods of relatively long pauses coupled to short vocalizations were found to alternate with periods in which short pauses and long vocalizations were paired. It is shown that such a structure can be produced by a random selection of sound-silence durations from exponential distribution functions. A test for the statistical significanc…
Social comparison and the inference of ability difference
Retracted Article
This study focuses on how gay men communicate about pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), focusing on how they learned about PrEP, how they discussed adoption with health care providers, and to what extent they have encountered stigma on social networks. In this qualitative study, 39 gay PrEP users were interviewed about PrEP. A majority of the participants learned about PrEP via friends and potential sex partners, and a majority of the participants e…
Inequality and Intermarriage
Communication Strategies for Discussing PrEP with Men Who Have Sex with Men
HIV continues to be a pressing problem, particularly for men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective means of preventing HIV infection, but adoption of it by MSM has been sluggish. Though there are many reasons for PrEP's limited adoption, healthcare providers' lack of skill in communicating with MSM likely plays a role. This study employed in-depth interviews with MSM who have adopted PrEP to explore ho…
Body Talk
In this study, we conducted a content analysis of 243 photographic images of men published on the gay male-oriented blog Queerty.com. We also analyzed 435 user-generated comments from a randomly selected 1-year sample. Focusing on images' body types, we found that the range of body types featured on the blog was quite narrow-the vast majority of images had very low levels of body fat and very high levels of muscularity. Users' body image-related …
A Peculiar Blind Spot
This article explores why over the past thirty years political theorists largely failed to address the emergence of neoliberal capitalism and the debilitating effects of growing inequality on the lives of ordinary people and on the nature of democracy. The article argues that the predominant focus of political theory from the 1980s onwards on the role of group identity in political action and on epistemological questions of the nature of the self…
Coverage of Methamphetamine in GLBT Newspapers
Research demonstrates that methamphetamine is a serious problem in gay communities. This study examined the framing of methamphetamine in nine gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) newspapers. Results showed that methamphetamine was framed as a “gay problem,” that sexual health and solutions frames were prevalent, and that GLBT newspapers covered methamphetamine in a way that is similar to how they covered AIDS in the 1980s. Implications…
Low-carbohydrate diets cause obesity, low-carbohydrate diets reverse obesity
Uncovering the Pattern of Social Stratification
This is a report of the main findings of a reliability study carried out in association with the 1972 Oxford Social Mobility inquiry. The original sample consisted of some 10,000 men interviewed in England and Wales. The reliability study involved re-interviewing a representative 10 per cent of the sample after a lapse of two years. After initially exploring the reliability of occupation (position on the Hope-Goldthorpe scale) and distinguishing …
Three Aspects of Hawthorne's Puritanism
THAT Nathaniel Hawthorne had been charged with being a either emotionally, imaginatively, or dogmatically is a commonplace in Hawthorne scholarship. It began when James Russell Lowell called him a Tieck, and when Herman Melville, his sometime friend, seeing more deeply into his own personality than into Hawthorne's, found his appeal in blackness, ten times more black ... that Calvinistic sense of Innate Depravity and Original Sin, from whose visi…
Markovian Prediction of Sequential Temporal Patterns in Spontaneous Speech
Observations on successive sound and silence durations in spontaneous speech have revealed a regular structure. Periods of relatively long pauses coupled to short vocalizations were found to alternate with periods in which short pauses and long vocalizations were paired. It is shown that such a structure can be produced by a random selection of sound-silence durations from exponential distribution functions. A test for the statistical significanc…
The Wild West Show
Hart Crane, an Annotated Bibliography
Social comparison and the inference of ability difference
Covariation, discounting, and augmentation
Two experiments were conducted to examine the interrelation of the attributional principles of covariation, discounting, and augmentation. In Experiment 1 the presence (vs. absence) of covariation information was manipulated orthogonally to the number of plausible causes for an effect (one vs. two). In Experiment 2 the number of plausible causes for an effect (one vs. two) was manipulated orthogonally to the presence (vs. absence) of an inhibitor…
Notes & News
The Welfare Approach to Measuring Inequality
The work on this chapter was done while Joseph Schwartz was a graduate student at Harvard University (with support from National Science Foundation Grant SOC76-24394, Harrison White, principal investigator) and Christopher Winship was a research associate at the Institute for Research on Poverty. This research was supported in part by funds granted to the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin-Madison by the Department o…
Who Gets Ahead? The Determinants of Economic Success in America
Adolescent ego development and family interaction
For structural-developmental psychology to be useful in investigating the relationship between adolescent development and family interaction, its perspective must be expanded to include the role of affect and of cognitively inhibiting behaviors in producing environments for development
Einstein for Beginners
Reaching back as far as Babylon (for the origins of mathematics) and the Etruscans (who thought they could handle lightning), this book takes us through the revolutions in electrical communications and technology that made the theory of relativity possible. In the process, we encounter the scientific luminaries of Imperial Germany, as well as Galileo, Faraday and Newton. We learn why moving clocks run slower than stationary ones and why nothing c…
Uncovering the Pattern of Social Stratification
This is a report of the main findings of a reliability study carried out in association with the 1972 Oxford Social Mobility inquiry. The original sample consisted of some 10,000 men interviewed in England and Wales. The reliability study involved re-interviewing a representative 10 per cent of the sample after a lapse of two years. After initially exploring the reliability of occupation (position on the Hope-Goldthorpe scale) and distinguishing …
Inequality and Intermarriage
Editors' preface
Award Recipients
The legacy
The Permanence of the Political
The Ethos of Pluralization. William E. Connolly
Renascence
Introduction
Sources of social support and burnout, job satisfaction, and productivity.
Workplace Social Support and Ambulatory Cardiovascular Activity in New York City Traffic Agents
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the associations of social support from coworkers and supervisors to workday ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate. Specifically, analyses examined the association of work-related social support to the following measures: 1) baseline blood pressure and heart rate at the start of the workday, 2) blood pressure and heart rate during high stress periods, 3) blood pressure and heart rate levels throughout the workday…
Diurnal Cortisol Decline is Related to Coronary Calcification
Objective: Chronic stress may be a risk factor for coronary heart disease and is associated with dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. We tested the hypotheses that two markers of HPA axis dysregulation, elevated average level (area under the curve, adjusted for time awake) and diurnal decline of salivary cortisol, were associated with presence of coronary calcification (CaC). Method: Seven hundred eighteen black and whi…
From Domestic to Global Solidarity
Bringing Politics (and the State) Back Into Global Justice Theorizing
Book Review| January 01 2007 Bringing Politics (and the State) Back Into Global Justice Theorizing Globalizing Democracy and Human RightsGould, Carol C. Joseph M. Schwartz Joseph M. Schwartz Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Good Society (2007) 16 (2): 45–48. https://doi.org/10.2307/20711267 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Joseph M. Schwartz; Bringing Politics (and the State) B…
Low-carbohydrate diets cause obesity, low-carbohydrate diets reverse obesity
Psychology (24 works) · Sociology (22 works) · Medicine (17 works) · Political science (15 works) · Social Psychology (15 works) · Law (11 works) · Politics (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Computer Science (9 works) · Family medicine (8 works)