Robert K Leik
Biographic Data
| ID | 3630348 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Robert K Leik |
| GIVEN NAMES | Robert K |
| FAMILY NAME | Leik |
| SIGNATURE | LEIK R K |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Minnesota |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 39 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 127 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1959 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Transition to Interpersonal Commitment
The character of propositions in Homans’s writings on interpersonal relationships is such that the mathematicians can make a mathematical treatment a logical and straightforward extension. In stochastic process terms, the notion of interpersonal commitment sounds very much like an absorbing state. If people move into and out of exchanges as a result of comparing current with alternative reward-cost ratios, then a state in which no alternatives ar…
There's Far More Than Tenure on the Butcher Block: A Larger Context for the Recent Crisis at the University of Minnesota
Threats to tenure are not isolated challenges, but result from broad systematic change that have extensive implications for academe. Social system factors such as changed public attitudes, increased competition for public funds and increased competition for students are generating budget reductions which in turn affect views about how universities should be managed. Increasingly, higher education is seen as a business, and academic programs are e…
On the stability of network relations under stress
Exploring Nonlinear Path Models via Computer Simulation
Although many causal relationships are nonlinear, there has been little general exploration of the implications of using nonlinear forms in multivariate causal models. A program called MULTPATH 1 has been developed that enables a researcher to create a path model with up to 6 variables, choose any of 10 curve forms for each of the paths, specify the extent of random error in each of the paths, and generate plots of resulting distributions. Three …
Computer Simulation for Exploring Theories: Models of Interpersonal Cooperation and Competition
Computer simulation for exploring substantive theories is both powerful and convenient, but there are few standards for doing simulations. Some criteria are suggested and their importance illustrated in detail via our adaptation and augmentation of a species competition model to reflect interpersonal cooperation or competition. Outcomes of the simulation and their substantive interpretation can vary due to minor variation in parameters, to conven…
A Theory of Problem-Solving Behavior
In this paper we develop a formal, testable theory of problem-solving behavior with special relevance to individuals and small groups. The theory is consistent with principles drawn from operant behavior and social exchange theories but also incorporates elements of cognitive psychology. Problem solving is defined as a nonroutine activity oriented toward changing an undersirable state of affairs. The focus on change differentiates problem solving…
Attitudes about Abortion and Varying Attitude Structures
New directions for network exchange theory: Strategic manipulation of network linkages
Social Power Game
Evaluating strategies to avoid Aids: Number of partners vs. use of condoms
A probability model based on the best estimates we have today for prevalence and infectivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been developed. The model is used to compare the two most widely publicized risk reduction strategies: (1) Reducing the number of partners and (2) Using condoms. The results indicate that under almost all conditions of prevalence and infectivity, consistent and careful condom use is a far more effective method of …
Using Microcomputer Game-Simulation Experiments to Study Family Response to the Mt. St. Helens Eruptions
Computerized game-simulation experiments were conducted as part of a larger study of response to the 1980 eruptions of Mt. St. Helens. Sixty 3-person families from three Washington state communities (experimental group) and 10 families from Minnesota (control group) were studied. Results of the game-simulation indicate that different aspects of individual preferences and family decisions with respect to relocation were (1) highly consistent in th…
Energy Conservation and Policy
Legislators' Attitudes toward Family Policy
What Price National Policy for Families
The United States is in the throes of a debate over whether there should be national policy (or policies) for families. At times that debate has been eloquent; frequently it has been angry. Advocates of national family policy insist that the cost of not having carefully conceived policies which safeguard and support families will be a continual destruction of this basic institution. Such a cost is deemed unacceptable. Opponents insist with equal …
Mathematical Sociology
Causal Models with Nominal and Ordinal Data: Retrospective
The five previous chapters are part of the work started at a three-week seminar on causal models for nominal and ordinal data. The seminar took place in Seattle at the University of Washington from June 25 to July 13, 1973. Participants were Hubert M. Blalock, Jr., Phillip Bonacich, Roland K. Hawkes, Gudmund Hernes, James D. Laing, Robert K. Leik (director), Donald Ploch, and Aage S0renson. Funding was provided by The Center for Advanced Study in…
Monotonic Regression Analysis for Ordinal Variables
The emergence and change of stratification in social exchange systems
The Art of Theory: Construction and Use. Nicholas C. Mullins
Integrated Approach to Measuring Association
In spite of the variety of measures of association available for data analysis, there is considerable difficulty in finding any coilsistent logic which can provide an integrated approach to association at all levels of measurement. Ideally, as data progress from nominal to ordinal to equal interval in mathematical character, association measures should simply incorporate the added properties into the format used at the lower levels. In this way o…
On Integrating Small Group Concepts and Models
Data Bases, Computers, and the Social Sciences
A Sociometric Basis for Measuring Social Status and Social Structure
Reply to Davies
Comment on Kadane and Lewis
Working Papers in the Theory of Action. Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press of Glencoe, Ill. Reprinted in A. P. Hare et al. (eds.), Small Groups: Studies in Social Interaction. Pp. 424-456. New York: Knopf. Bales, R. F., F. Strodtbeck, T. Mills, and M. Roseborough. 1951 The channels of communication in small groups. American Sociological Review 16 (August):461-468. Bonacich, P. 1968 Specialization and Differentiation in Small Laboratory Groups. Ph.D. Disse…
"Deductions from "Axiomatic Theory
Axiomatic theories, following Zetterberg, derive propositions according to the logic of classes. This procedure is valid if postulated relationships are perfect, but is subject to serious error when postulates are stated, or derivations are tested via correlation or association coefficients with absolute values less than unity. Given variables A, B, and C, with rAB and rBo treated as independent, the potential range of rAo is explored. If no furt…
Evaluating strategies to avoid Aids: Number of partners vs. use of condoms
A probability model based on the best estimates we have today for prevalence and infectivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been developed. The model is used to compare the two most widely publicized risk reduction strategies: (1) Reducing the number of partners and (2) Using condoms. The results indicate that under almost all conditions of prevalence and infectivity, consistent and careful condom use is a far more effective method of …
A Scale for Developmental Processes
Instrumentality and Emotionality in Family Interaction
A Measure of Ordinal Consensus
A common measuring device in sociology consists of a question or statement which provides a series of ordered options, from which the respondent chooses one most appropriate for his response. The options may represent for example, degrees of agreement or disagreement with an opinion statement, degrees of obligation to perform a given task, etc. While the most typical use of such items, singly or combined to form scales, is to describe the attitud…
Type of Group and the Probability of Initiating Acts
Three hypotheses about the initiation of acts in group interaction are substantiated. The hypotheses specify that (1) individuals have constant tendencies to initiate acts in a given type of group; and (2) the proportion of acts initiated by an individual in any particular group equals his constant normalized by the sum of the constants of all group participants. Separate session estimates of individual constants for two sets of experiments on st…
The Distribution of Acts in Small Groups
The Conception and Measurement of Asymmetric Monotonic Relationships in Sociology
Theoretical propositions in sociology are frequently stated in a form such as "the greater the A, the greater the B," which implies only monotonic relationships. Appropriate indexes are seldom used to test this type of propositions since those available are either too stringer (linear correlation, for example) or they ignore monotonicity altogheter (e.g.,x). This paper discusses two types of asymmetric monotonic indexes using a proportional reduc…
Data Bases, Computers, and the Social Sciences
"Irrelevant" Aspects of Stooge Behavior: Implications for Leadership Studies and Experimental Methodology
What Price National Policy for Families
The United States is in the throes of a debate over whether there should be national policy (or policies) for families. At times that debate has been eloquent; frequently it has been angry. Advocates of national family policy insist that the cost of not having carefully conceived policies which safeguard and support families will be a continual destruction of this basic institution. Such a cost is deemed unacceptable. Opponents insist with equal …
A Sociometric Basis for Measuring Social Status and Social Structure
Computer Simulation for Exploring Theories: Models of Interpersonal Cooperation and Competition
Computer simulation for exploring substantive theories is both powerful and convenient, but there are few standards for doing simulations. Some criteria are suggested and their importance illustrated in detail via our adaptation and augmentation of a species competition model to reflect interpersonal cooperation or competition. Outcomes of the simulation and their substantive interpretation can vary due to minor variation in parameters, to conven…
A Theory of Problem-Solving Behavior
In this paper we develop a formal, testable theory of problem-solving behavior with special relevance to individuals and small groups. The theory is consistent with principles drawn from operant behavior and social exchange theories but also incorporates elements of cognitive psychology. Problem solving is defined as a nonroutine activity oriented toward changing an undersirable state of affairs. The focus on change differentiates problem solving…
There's Far More Than Tenure on the Butcher Block: A Larger Context for the Recent Crisis at the University of Minnesota
Threats to tenure are not isolated challenges, but result from broad systematic change that have extensive implications for academe. Social system factors such as changed public attitudes, increased competition for public funds and increased competition for students are generating budget reductions which in turn affect views about how universities should be managed. Increasingly, higher education is seen as a business, and academic programs are e…
Attitudes about Abortion and Varying Attitude Structures
Causal Models with Nominal and Ordinal Data: Retrospective
The five previous chapters are part of the work started at a three-week seminar on causal models for nominal and ordinal data. The seminar took place in Seattle at the University of Washington from June 25 to July 13, 1973. Participants were Hubert M. Blalock, Jr., Phillip Bonacich, Roland K. Hawkes, Gudmund Hernes, James D. Laing, Robert K. Leik (director), Donald Ploch, and Aage S0renson. Funding was provided by The Center for Advanced Study in…
Monotonic Regression Analysis for Ordinal Variables
The emergence and change of stratification in social exchange systems
The Unified Factor Model: Its Position in Psychometric Theory and Application to Sociological Alcohol Study
Values in Mate Selection: Education versus Religion
Instrumentality and Emotionality in Family Interaction
Symbolic Interaction and Family Role Adjustment
"Deductions from "Axiomatic Theory
Axiomatic theories, following Zetterberg, derive propositions according to the logic of classes. This procedure is valid if postulated relationships are perfect, but is subject to serious error when postulates are stated, or derivations are tested via correlation or association coefficients with absolute values less than unity. Given variables A, B, and C, with rAB and rBo treated as independent, the potential range of rAo is explored. If no furt…
The Classification of Family Interaction Problems for Treatment Purposes
Perhaps the preponderance of marital counseling is in the framework of individual therapy, where the total focus is on the sick member of the family.1 A second approach assumes that family disorders are basically due to individual disorders, but explicitly incorporates the total family into the treatment of its sick member. Thus the family is structured into a therapeutic milieu.2 The third approach, which is the topic of this paper, does not con…
Type of Group and the Probability of Initiating Acts
Three hypotheses about the initiation of acts in group interaction are substantiated. The hypotheses specify that (1) individuals have constant tendencies to initiate acts in a given type of group; and (2) the proportion of acts initiated by an individual in any particular group equals his constant normalized by the sum of the constants of all group participants. Separate session estimates of individual constants for two sets of experiments on st…
"Irrelevant" Aspects of Stooge Behavior: Implications for Leadership Studies and Experimental Methodology
A Measure of Ordinal Consensus
A common measuring device in sociology consists of a question or statement which provides a series of ordered options, from which the respondent chooses one most appropriate for his response. The options may represent for example, degrees of agreement or disagreement with an opinion statement, degrees of obligation to perform a given task, etc. While the most typical use of such items, singly or combined to form scales, is to describe the attitud…
Structural Models: An Introduction to the Theory of Directed Graphs
The Distribution of Acts in Small Groups
A Scale for Developmental Processes
Comment on Kadane and Lewis
Working Papers in the Theory of Action. Glencoe, Ill.: Free Press of Glencoe, Ill. Reprinted in A. P. Hare et al. (eds.), Small Groups: Studies in Social Interaction. Pp. 424-456. New York: Knopf. Bales, R. F., F. Strodtbeck, T. Mills, and M. Roseborough. 1951 The channels of communication in small groups. American Sociological Review 16 (August):461-468. Bonacich, P. 1968 Specialization and Differentiation in Small Laboratory Groups. Ph.D. Disse…
Methodology in Social Research
The Conception and Measurement of Asymmetric Monotonic Relationships in Sociology
Theoretical propositions in sociology are frequently stated in a form such as "the greater the A, the greater the B," which implies only monotonic relationships. Appropriate indexes are seldom used to test this type of propositions since those available are either too stringer (linear correlation, for example) or they ignore monotonicity altogheter (e.g.,x). This paper discusses two types of asymmetric monotonic indexes using a proportional reduc…
A Sociometric Basis for Measuring Social Status and Social Structure
Reply to Davies
Integrated Approach to Measuring Association
In spite of the variety of measures of association available for data analysis, there is considerable difficulty in finding any coilsistent logic which can provide an integrated approach to association at all levels of measurement. Ideally, as data progress from nominal to ordinal to equal interval in mathematical character, association measures should simply incorporate the added properties into the format used at the lower levels. In this way o…
On Integrating Small Group Concepts and Models
Data Bases, Computers, and the Social Sciences
The Art of Theory: Construction and Use. Nicholas C. Mullins
The emergence and change of stratification in social exchange systems
Mathematical Sociology
Causal Models with Nominal and Ordinal Data: Retrospective
The five previous chapters are part of the work started at a three-week seminar on causal models for nominal and ordinal data. The seminar took place in Seattle at the University of Washington from June 25 to July 13, 1973. Participants were Hubert M. Blalock, Jr., Phillip Bonacich, Roland K. Hawkes, Gudmund Hernes, James D. Laing, Robert K. Leik (director), Donald Ploch, and Aage S0renson. Funding was provided by The Center for Advanced Study in…
Monotonic Regression Analysis for Ordinal Variables
Psychology (23 works) · Computer Science (16 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Mathematics (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Political science (9 works) · Economics (8 works) · Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence (7 works) · Social Psychology (7 works) · Econometrics (6 works)