Irving Tallman
Biographic Data
| ID | 3632797 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Irving Tallman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Irving |
| FAMILY NAME | Tallman |
| SIGNATURE | TALLMAN I |
| AFFILIATIONS | Washington State University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 62 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 28 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1965 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Resources, Cooperation, and Problem Solving In Early Marriage
Couple cooperation is hypothesized to be essential in the resolution of interpersonal marital problems. Data from a sample of newlywed couples support this hypothesis as well as the validity of our measure of cooperation. We then test a model stipulating marital satisfaction and trust as antecedent conditions leading to cooperative problem solving for each of three time periods, using structural equation modeling methods. We also test the overall…
Continuity or Change? The Impact of Parents' Divorce on Newly Married Couples
Socialization into marital identities is viewed as a learning process initiated in the family of origin and continued through interactions in the offspring's marriage. We test three hypotheses pertaining to the intergenerational continuity or discontinuity in this process. The hypotheses derive from the proposition that behaviors and expectations learned in childhood will continue into marriage unless they fail to be reinforced early in the marri…
The Intergenerational Transmission of Marital Conflict: Testing a Process Model
Irving Tallman, Louis N. Gray, Vicki Kullberg, Debra Henderson, The Intergenerational Transmission of Marital Conflict: Testing a Process Model, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 62, No. 3 (Sep., 1999), pp. 219-239
Cost-Equalization Applications to Asymmetric Influence Processes
Louis N. Gray, Irving Tallman, Dean H. Judson, Candan Duran-Aydintug, Cost-Equalization Applications to Asymmetric Influence Processes, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 61, No. 3 (Sep., 1998), pp. 259-269
Cost Equalization as a Determinant of Behavioral Allocation: The Case of Binary Choice
In this paper we provide an elemental explanation of a basic behavioral process: choosing between alternative courses of action. Our approach to the question of choice departs from earlier explanations that focus primarily on efforts to maximize benefits or utilities. Instead we employ a simple principle that is implicit in learning theory and has been used effectively in several of our own experiments. This principle is based on the notion that …
A Theory of Problem-Solving Behavior
In this paper we develop a formal, testable theory of problem-solving behavior with special relevance to individuals and small groups. The theory is consistent with principles drawn from operant behavior and social exchange theories but also incorporates elements of cognitive psychology. Problem solving is defined as a nonroutine activity oriented toward changing an undersirable state of affairs. The focus on change differentiates problem solving…
Rewards and Punishments in Complex Human Choices
Building on work on the matching law, this paper proposes a model of choice behavior that includes costs and benefits. We compare our model with alternative models in the behavioral literature, and use the results of two experiments with human subjects to assess the predictive accuracy of the various models
Theories of Choice: Contingent Reward and Punishment Applications
Les theories du choix se repartissent en deux groupes: celles qui traitent des evenements «obtenus» (arrives): tels que renforcements et celles qui traitent des evenements programmes, tel que taux attendu d'un renforcement. Les modeles traitant des evenements projetes ont des implications quant aux politiques a suivre qu'il n'est pas facile d'inferer des modeles d'evenements «obtenus». Deux modeles generaux bases sur des evenements projetes dans …
Musings on a Theory of Family Change
Predicting Choices in Asymptotic Decisions: A Comparison of Two Models
Two models of repetitive choice, the discrimination developed by Lindenberg, and the balance developed by Gray and Tallman are examined. It is shown that the two models yield different directional predictions under certain choice situations. An experimental design is developed involving four treatments which allow for examination of the two models. Results of a regression analysis strongly support the satisfaction balance model as the more genera…
Adolescent Socialization in Cross-Cultural Perspective: Planning for Social Change
A Satisfaction Balance Model of Decision Making and Choice Behavior
Adolescent Socialization in Cross-Cultural Perspectives
Lifestyle and Social Structure: Concepts, Definitions, Analysis
Adolescent Socialization in Cross-Cultural Perspective: Planning for Social Change
Values, Distributive Justice and Social Change
Implementation of a National Family Policy: The Role of the Social Scientist
Let us begin with the assumption that it is worthwhile for the United States to develop a national policy dedicated to the maintenance of stable, well-functioning, independent families. Since the family falls somewhere between Motherhood and the automobile in our hierarchy of values, such an assumption is hardly problematic for most Americans. A key issue, however, and the one which is likely to evoke considerable debate, is how do we implement s…
Social Problems
Class Differences in Family Problem Solving: The Effects of Verbal Ability, Hierarchical Structure, and Role Expectations
Propositions drawn from small group problem-solving research are combined and modified to explain social class differences in family problem solving with externally generated, rule-bound, conjunctive, puzzle-like problems. Four hypotheses are derived which predict: (1) middle-class families will be better problem solvers than working-class families; (2) verbal ability will influence problem-solving performance; (3) role expectations will account …
Simcar: A game simulation method for cross-national family research
Spousal Adaptability: An Assessment of Marital Competence
This paper reports data summarizing the development and testing of a spousal adaptability instrument designed to measure social psychological aspects of marital relations. Marriage is conceptualized as a unique problem-solving relationship. The adaptability instrument consists of three components: flexibility, empathy, and motivation. Ratings are made on eighteen different problematic marital situations. Results from factor analyses and intercorr…
Life-Style Differences Among Urban and Suburban Blue-Collar Families
Blue-collar couples from a working-class suburb and from a working-class urban district are compared on a number of life-style variables. Suburban families are more likely than urban families to adopt life-styles resembling the middle class as indicated by measures of local intimacy, social isolation, family organization, church activity, orientations to social mobility and political perspectives. Controls for background variables and social-clas…
The Family as a Small Problem Solving Group
Principles derived from small group theory and research pertaining to group problem solving were modified to apply to family problem solving behavior. It was hypothesized that the optimal structure for family problem solving requires both open channels of communication and centralization of authority. The relationship between these structures and cultural variables such as belief systems, styles of communication, and intrafamily patterns of affec…
Working-Class Wives in Suburbia: Fulfillment or Crisis
Local-Cosmopolitan Perceptions of Political Conformity: A Specification of Parental Influence
The utility of a local-cosmopolitan distinction in accounting for why individuals see themselves in agreement with their father's political views is examined with data from a survey of college students. The data reveal the following patterns: (1) cosmopolitan students are more frequently committed to political issues and more inclined to see disparities between their own partisan views and those of their father; (2) locals not only see themselves…
Values, Distributive Justice and Social Change
The Intergenerational Transmission of Marital Conflict: Testing a Process Model
Irving Tallman, Louis N. Gray, Vicki Kullberg, Debra Henderson, The Intergenerational Transmission of Marital Conflict: Testing a Process Model, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 62, No. 3 (Sep., 1999), pp. 219-239
A Satisfaction Balance Model of Decision Making and Choice Behavior
Theories of Choice: Contingent Reward and Punishment Applications
Les theories du choix se repartissent en deux groupes: celles qui traitent des evenements «obtenus» (arrives): tels que renforcements et celles qui traitent des evenements programmes, tel que taux attendu d'un renforcement. Les modeles traitant des evenements projetes ont des implications quant aux politiques a suivre qu'il n'est pas facile d'inferer des modeles d'evenements «obtenus». Deux modeles generaux bases sur des evenements projetes dans …
Class Differences in Family Problem Solving: The Effects of Verbal Ability, Hierarchical Structure, and Role Expectations
Propositions drawn from small group problem-solving research are combined and modified to explain social class differences in family problem solving with externally generated, rule-bound, conjunctive, puzzle-like problems. Four hypotheses are derived which predict: (1) middle-class families will be better problem solvers than working-class families; (2) verbal ability will influence problem-solving performance; (3) role expectations will account …
Adaptation to Blocked Opportunity: An Experimental Study
Working-Class Wives in Suburbia: Fulfillment or Crisis
Local-Cosmopolitan Perceptions of Political Conformity: A Specification of Parental Influence
The utility of a local-cosmopolitan distinction in accounting for why individuals see themselves in agreement with their father's political views is examined with data from a survey of college students. The data reveal the following patterns: (1) cosmopolitan students are more frequently committed to political issues and more inclined to see disparities between their own partisan views and those of their father; (2) locals not only see themselves…
Resources, Cooperation, and Problem Solving In Early Marriage
Couple cooperation is hypothesized to be essential in the resolution of interpersonal marital problems. Data from a sample of newlywed couples support this hypothesis as well as the validity of our measure of cooperation. We then test a model stipulating marital satisfaction and trust as antecedent conditions leading to cooperative problem solving for each of three time periods, using structural equation modeling methods. We also test the overall…
Cost-Equalization Applications to Asymmetric Influence Processes
Louis N. Gray, Irving Tallman, Dean H. Judson, Candan Duran-Aydintug, Cost-Equalization Applications to Asymmetric Influence Processes, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 61, No. 3 (Sep., 1998), pp. 259-269
A Theory of Problem-Solving Behavior
In this paper we develop a formal, testable theory of problem-solving behavior with special relevance to individuals and small groups. The theory is consistent with principles drawn from operant behavior and social exchange theories but also incorporates elements of cognitive psychology. Problem solving is defined as a nonroutine activity oriented toward changing an undersirable state of affairs. The focus on change differentiates problem solving…
Implementation of a National Family Policy: The Role of the Social Scientist
Let us begin with the assumption that it is worthwhile for the United States to develop a national policy dedicated to the maintenance of stable, well-functioning, independent families. Since the family falls somewhere between Motherhood and the automobile in our hierarchy of values, such an assumption is hardly problematic for most Americans. A key issue, however, and the one which is likely to evoke considerable debate, is how do we implement s…
Simcar: A game simulation method for cross-national family research
The Family as a Small Problem Solving Group
Principles derived from small group theory and research pertaining to group problem solving were modified to apply to family problem solving behavior. It was hypothesized that the optimal structure for family problem solving requires both open channels of communication and centralization of authority. The relationship between these structures and cultural variables such as belief systems, styles of communication, and intrafamily patterns of affec…
Spousal Role Differentiation and the Socialization of Severely Retarded Children
Aspects of the Parsons-Bales theory of socialization processes provide a basis for propositions pertaining to the father's role with severely retarded children. Data are presented which tend to support hypotheses predicting that fathers of severely retarded children are less adaptable than are mothers and are apt to be more vulnerable to socially imposed criteria and extrafamilial influences. Additional hypotheses are proposed which suggest a num…
Continuity or Change? The Impact of Parents' Divorce on Newly Married Couples
Socialization into marital identities is viewed as a learning process initiated in the family of origin and continued through interactions in the offspring's marriage. We test three hypotheses pertaining to the intergenerational continuity or discontinuity in this process. The hypotheses derive from the proposition that behaviors and expectations learned in childhood will continue into marriage unless they fail to be reinforced early in the marri…
Cost Equalization as a Determinant of Behavioral Allocation: The Case of Binary Choice
In this paper we provide an elemental explanation of a basic behavioral process: choosing between alternative courses of action. Our approach to the question of choice departs from earlier explanations that focus primarily on efforts to maximize benefits or utilities. Instead we employ a simple principle that is implicit in learning theory and has been used effectively in several of our own experiments. This principle is based on the notion that …
Rewards and Punishments in Complex Human Choices
Building on work on the matching law, this paper proposes a model of choice behavior that includes costs and benefits. We compare our model with alternative models in the behavioral literature, and use the results of two experiments with human subjects to assess the predictive accuracy of the various models
Social Problems
Spousal Adaptability: An Assessment of Marital Competence
This paper reports data summarizing the development and testing of a spousal adaptability instrument designed to measure social psychological aspects of marital relations. Marriage is conceptualized as a unique problem-solving relationship. The adaptability instrument consists of three components: flexibility, empathy, and motivation. Ratings are made on eighteen different problematic marital situations. Results from factor analyses and intercorr…
The Balance Principle and Normative Discrepancy
Spousal Role Differentiation and the Socialization of Severely Retarded Children
Aspects of the Parsons-Bales theory of socialization processes provide a basis for propositions pertaining to the father's role with severely retarded children. Data are presented which tend to support hypotheses predicting that fathers of severely retarded children are less adaptable than are mothers and are apt to be more vulnerable to socially imposed criteria and extrafamilial influences. Additional hypotheses are proposed which suggest a num…
Adaptation to Blocked Opportunity: An Experimental Study
The Balance Principle and Normative Discrepancy
Working-Class Wives in Suburbia: Fulfillment or Crisis
Local-Cosmopolitan Perceptions of Political Conformity: A Specification of Parental Influence
The utility of a local-cosmopolitan distinction in accounting for why individuals see themselves in agreement with their father's political views is examined with data from a survey of college students. The data reveal the following patterns: (1) cosmopolitan students are more frequently committed to political issues and more inclined to see disparities between their own partisan views and those of their father; (2) locals not only see themselves…
Life-Style Differences Among Urban and Suburban Blue-Collar Families
Blue-collar couples from a working-class suburb and from a working-class urban district are compared on a number of life-style variables. Suburban families are more likely than urban families to adopt life-styles resembling the middle class as indicated by measures of local intimacy, social isolation, family organization, church activity, orientations to social mobility and political perspectives. Controls for background variables and social-clas…
The Family as a Small Problem Solving Group
Principles derived from small group theory and research pertaining to group problem solving were modified to apply to family problem solving behavior. It was hypothesized that the optimal structure for family problem solving requires both open channels of communication and centralization of authority. The relationship between these structures and cultural variables such as belief systems, styles of communication, and intrafamily patterns of affec…
Spousal Adaptability: An Assessment of Marital Competence
This paper reports data summarizing the development and testing of a spousal adaptability instrument designed to measure social psychological aspects of marital relations. Marriage is conceptualized as a unique problem-solving relationship. The adaptability instrument consists of three components: flexibility, empathy, and motivation. Ratings are made on eighteen different problematic marital situations. Results from factor analyses and intercorr…
Class Differences in Family Problem Solving: The Effects of Verbal Ability, Hierarchical Structure, and Role Expectations
Propositions drawn from small group problem-solving research are combined and modified to explain social class differences in family problem solving with externally generated, rule-bound, conjunctive, puzzle-like problems. Four hypotheses are derived which predict: (1) middle-class families will be better problem solvers than working-class families; (2) verbal ability will influence problem-solving performance; (3) role expectations will account …
Simcar: A game simulation method for cross-national family research
Social Problems
Values, Distributive Justice and Social Change
Implementation of a National Family Policy: The Role of the Social Scientist
Let us begin with the assumption that it is worthwhile for the United States to develop a national policy dedicated to the maintenance of stable, well-functioning, independent families. Since the family falls somewhere between Motherhood and the automobile in our hierarchy of values, such an assumption is hardly problematic for most Americans. A key issue, however, and the one which is likely to evoke considerable debate, is how do we implement s…
Adolescent Socialization in Cross-Cultural Perspective: Planning for Social Change
A Satisfaction Balance Model of Decision Making and Choice Behavior
Adolescent Socialization in Cross-Cultural Perspectives
Lifestyle and Social Structure: Concepts, Definitions, Analysis
Adolescent Socialization in Cross-Cultural Perspective: Planning for Social Change
Predicting Choices in Asymptotic Decisions: A Comparison of Two Models
Two models of repetitive choice, the discrimination developed by Lindenberg, and the balance developed by Gray and Tallman are examined. It is shown that the two models yield different directional predictions under certain choice situations. An experimental design is developed involving four treatments which allow for examination of the two models. Results of a regression analysis strongly support the satisfaction balance model as the more genera…
Theories of Choice: Contingent Reward and Punishment Applications
Les theories du choix se repartissent en deux groupes: celles qui traitent des evenements «obtenus» (arrives): tels que renforcements et celles qui traitent des evenements programmes, tel que taux attendu d'un renforcement. Les modeles traitant des evenements projetes ont des implications quant aux politiques a suivre qu'il n'est pas facile d'inferer des modeles d'evenements «obtenus». Deux modeles generaux bases sur des evenements projetes dans …
Musings on a Theory of Family Change
Rewards and Punishments in Complex Human Choices
Building on work on the matching law, this paper proposes a model of choice behavior that includes costs and benefits. We compare our model with alternative models in the behavioral literature, and use the results of two experiments with human subjects to assess the predictive accuracy of the various models
A Theory of Problem-Solving Behavior
In this paper we develop a formal, testable theory of problem-solving behavior with special relevance to individuals and small groups. The theory is consistent with principles drawn from operant behavior and social exchange theories but also incorporates elements of cognitive psychology. Problem solving is defined as a nonroutine activity oriented toward changing an undersirable state of affairs. The focus on change differentiates problem solving…
Cost Equalization as a Determinant of Behavioral Allocation: The Case of Binary Choice
In this paper we provide an elemental explanation of a basic behavioral process: choosing between alternative courses of action. Our approach to the question of choice departs from earlier explanations that focus primarily on efforts to maximize benefits or utilities. Instead we employ a simple principle that is implicit in learning theory and has been used effectively in several of our own experiments. This principle is based on the notion that …
Cost-Equalization Applications to Asymmetric Influence Processes
Louis N. Gray, Irving Tallman, Dean H. Judson, Candan Duran-Aydintug, Cost-Equalization Applications to Asymmetric Influence Processes, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 61, No. 3 (Sep., 1998), pp. 259-269
Psychology (25 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Computer Science (9 works) · Developmental psychology (7 works) · Socialization (7 works) · Cognitive psychology (5 works) · Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving (5 works) · Political science (5 works)