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James R Zetka

Biographic Data

ID3634036
NAMEJames R Zetka
GIVEN NAMESJames R
FAMILY NAMEZetka
SIGNATUREZETKA J R
AFFILIATIONSUniversity at Albany, State University of New York
VERIFIEDNo
TOTAL WORKS28
TOTAL CITATIONS74
AUTHOR COUNT28
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1985
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2020
H-INDEX4
  • Innovation, professional identity, and generational divides in medicine: The case of gynecologic laparoscopy in the USA

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2020•Cited by: 1•References: 56

  • The Anthem Companion to Everett Hughes

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•2018

  • Technology

    James R Zetka•CHAPTER•Sociology of Work: An Encyclopedia•2013

  • Establishing specialty jurisdictions in medicine: The case of American obstetrics and gynaecology

    Open Access•James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Sociology of Health & Illness•2011•Cited by: 12•References: 43

    The profession of medicine has evolved into an extremely specialised occupation. Yet, recent research has neglected the intra-occupational processes influencing medical specialisation. This article aims to correct this oversight. It develops an historical account of intra-occupational factors influencing the decision to establish gynaecologic oncology as American ob/gyn's surgical subspecialty in 1972. Working within the framework initially devel…

  • The Genesis of the Naval Profession

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•2008•Cited by: 4

  • Radical Logics and Their Carriers In Medicine: The Case of Psychopathology and American Obstetricians and Gynecologists

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Problems•2008•Cited by: 6•References: 104

    Through an historical case study, this article addresses how and why physicians carry radical logics into medicine. The radical logic of focus is psychopathology. Obstetrics and gynecology was one of the very first specialties outside of psychiatry to incorporate this logic into its work culture. Employing a core-skill conflict perspective, this article shows that obstetricians and gynecologists' failure to “deliver the goods” promised in their c…

  • The Making of the 'Women's Physician' in American Obstetrics and Gynecology: Re-Forging an Occupational Identity and a Division of Labor

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Journal of Health and Social…•2008•Cited by: 4•References: 50

    After struggling as a surgical specialty, obstetrics and gynecology initiated its 'women's physician' program in the 1970s. This program officially defined the mostly male obstetricians and gynecologists at that time as women's primary care physicians. Using archival data, this article explains this development as a response to the specialty's dishonored position within the medical division of labor. Whatever else it was intended to be, the women…

  • Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism

    James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of American History•2002•Cited by: 1

    The 1930s represents, for many, a heroic period where workers set aside their differences and mobilized collectively into unions to confront management's control. This view has led us to ignore interest divisions among workers and their importance in shaping union outcomes. In Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism, James D. Rose challenges this conventional view and develops a fascinating account of the forces that led to unionization at U.S. S…

  • Occupational Divisions of Labor and Their Technology Politics: The Case of Surgical Scopes and Gastrointestinal Medicine

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Forces•2001•Cited by: 22

    Through a case analysis of how medicine's intra-occupational division of labor responded to the development of gastrointestinal endoscopy, this article sheds light on how occupational divisions of labor respond to technological innovation. The article proposes that innovations are introduced into such structures in ways consistent with the cultural scripts that regulate relations and workflows between occupations functional segments. However, the…

  • Post-Work: The Wages of Cybernation

    James R Zetka, Stanley Aronowitz et al.•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1999

    In Post-Work, Stanley Aronowitz and Jonathan Cutler have collected essays from a variety of scholars to discuss the dreary future of work. The introduction, The Post-Work Manifesto,, provides the framework for a radical reappraisal of work and suggests an alternative organization of labor. The provocative essays that follow focus on specific issues that are key to our reconceptualization of the notion and practice of work, with coverage of the fi…

  • The Technological Foundations of Task-Coordinating Structures in New Work Organizations: Theoretical Notes from the Case of Abdominal Surgery

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Work and Occupations•1998•Cited by: 2•References: 43

    The significance of the movement to decentralize workplace authority is hotly debated. Drawing from a case study of the impact of video technology on surgical work, this article provides conceptual clarity to the debate by specifying the technological determinants of two distinct task-coordinating structures found in decentralized work units. The first involves unilateral control by the dominant actor in the work team. It is effective when tasks …

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946-1973

    Beth A Rubin, James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1997

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle Over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973

    Judith Stepan-Norris, Judith Stepan‐norri et al.•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1996

  • The CIO, 1935-1955

    James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1996

  • Bureaucratic Strikes and the Rationalization of Factory Conflict: The Case of the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1962-1979

    James R Zetka, Jr James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Social Problems•1996

    Journal Article Bureaucratic Strikes and the Rationalization of Factory Conflict: The Case of the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1962-1979 Get access James R. Zetka, Jr. James R. Zetka, Jr. State University of New York at Albany Direct all correspondence to Jim Zetka, Department of Sociology, SUNY-Albany, 1200 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Problems, Volume 43, …

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973

    Michael Schwartz, James R Zetka Jr et al.•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1996

  • Mobilizing labor on symbolic fronts

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Qualitative Sociology•1996

  • Union Homogenization and the Organizational Foundations of Plantwide Militancy in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1959-1979

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1995

  • Union Homogenization and the Organizational Foundations of Plantwide Militancy in the U.S. Automobile Industry 1959-1979

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1995•References: 5

    The industrial relations context in U.S. automobile plants changed significantly by 1959. Union locals became more occupationally homogeneous, and the bureaucratic grievance structure functioned more effectively as a restlt. Yet, unauthorized strikes continued, albeit less frequently, and their nature was transformed. Rather than the occupationally specific xvildcats of the 1940s and 1950s, the unauthorized strikes occurring in the 1960s and 1970…

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973

    Steve Babson, James R Zetka Jr et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of American History•1995

    Journal Article Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973. By James R. Zetkajr. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995. xxviii, 293 pp. Cloth, $57.50, ISBN 0-7914-2065-5. Paper, $18.95, ISBN 0-7914-2066-3.) Get access Steve Babson Steve Babson Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academ…

  • A Qualitative Protocol for Studying Technological Change in the Labor Process

    Open Access•James R Zetka, John P Walsh•ARTICLE•Bulletin of Sociological…•1994•Cited by: 4•References: 14

    Une approche qualitative pour l'étude de l'impact des changements technologiques sur les lieux de travail. Cet article Illustre et défend la logique d'une approche qualitative pour l'étude de l'impact des changements technologiques sur les lieux de travail. La première partie traite de l'utilisation de la méthode de l'étude des cas pour mettre au jour les ordres normatifs qui façonnent les réactions aux innovations technologiques. Dans la deuxièm…

  • Power in the Workplace: The Politics of Production at ATT

    James Zetka, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1994

  • Organizations, Uncertainties, and Risk

    James R Zetka, Lee Clarke•REVIEW•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1993

  • Work Organization and Wildcat Strikes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1963

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•American Sociological Review•1992•Cited by: 15•References: 10

    After World War II, U.S. auto workers waged wildcat strikes within an institutional structure that outlawed such strikes and mobilized considerable resources to crush them. I specify and test a theory that locates the source of these wildcat strikes in a distinctive type of labor process. This labor process forced workers to coordinate their moment-by-moment activities to accomplish immediate work tasks. It generated group-level commitment to com…

  • Mass-Production Automation and Work-Group Solidarity in the Post-World War II Automobile Industry

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Work and Occupations•1992•References: 11

    Did mass-production automation trigger a decline in shop-floor militancy in the post-World War II period? Was it responsible for deskilling and atomizing once militant occupation groups? Drawing on a rich array of archival and interview evidence, this article addresses these questions by tracing the impact of automation on the most militant work groups in the American automobile industry. These were the work groups who performed stamping, body-bu…

Next
  • Occupational Divisions of Labor and Their Technology Politics: The Case of Surgical Scopes and Gastrointestinal Medicine

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Forces•2001•Cited by: 22

    Through a case analysis of how medicine's intra-occupational division of labor responded to the development of gastrointestinal endoscopy, this article sheds light on how occupational divisions of labor respond to technological innovation. The article proposes that innovations are introduced into such structures in ways consistent with the cultural scripts that regulate relations and workflows between occupations functional segments. However, the…

  • Work Organization and Wildcat Strikes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1963

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•American Sociological Review•1992•Cited by: 15•References: 10

    After World War II, U.S. auto workers waged wildcat strikes within an institutional structure that outlawed such strikes and mobilized considerable resources to crush them. I specify and test a theory that locates the source of these wildcat strikes in a distinctive type of labor process. This labor process forced workers to coordinate their moment-by-moment activities to accomplish immediate work tasks. It generated group-level commitment to com…

  • Establishing specialty jurisdictions in medicine: The case of American obstetrics and gynaecology

    Open Access•James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Sociology of Health & Illness•2011•Cited by: 12•References: 43

    The profession of medicine has evolved into an extremely specialised occupation. Yet, recent research has neglected the intra-occupational processes influencing medical specialisation. This article aims to correct this oversight. It develops an historical account of intra-occupational factors influencing the decision to establish gynaecologic oncology as American ob/gyn's surgical subspecialty in 1972. Working within the framework initially devel…

  • Radical Logics and Their Carriers In Medicine: The Case of Psychopathology and American Obstetricians and Gynecologists

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Problems•2008•Cited by: 6•References: 104

    Through an historical case study, this article addresses how and why physicians carry radical logics into medicine. The radical logic of focus is psychopathology. Obstetrics and gynecology was one of the very first specialties outside of psychiatry to incorporate this logic into its work culture. Employing a core-skill conflict perspective, this article shows that obstetricians and gynecologists' failure to “deliver the goods” promised in their c…

  • The Genesis of the Naval Profession

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•2008•Cited by: 4

  • The Making of the 'Women's Physician' in American Obstetrics and Gynecology: Re-Forging an Occupational Identity and a Division of Labor

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Journal of Health and Social…•2008•Cited by: 4•References: 50

    After struggling as a surgical specialty, obstetrics and gynecology initiated its 'women's physician' program in the 1970s. This program officially defined the mostly male obstetricians and gynecologists at that time as women's primary care physicians. Using archival data, this article explains this development as a response to the specialty's dishonored position within the medical division of labor. Whatever else it was intended to be, the women…

  • A Qualitative Protocol for Studying Technological Change in the Labor Process

    Open Access•James R Zetka, John P Walsh•ARTICLE•Bulletin of Sociological…•1994•Cited by: 4•References: 14

    Une approche qualitative pour l'étude de l'impact des changements technologiques sur les lieux de travail. Cet article Illustre et défend la logique d'une approche qualitative pour l'étude de l'impact des changements technologiques sur les lieux de travail. La première partie traite de l'utilisation de la méthode de l'étude des cas pour mettre au jour les ordres normatifs qui façonnent les réactions aux innovations technologiques. Dans la deuxièm…

  • Automated Technologies, Institutional Environments, and Skilled Labor Processes: Toward an Institutional Theory of Automation Outcomes

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Sociological Quarterly•1991•Cited by: 3•References: 23

    This article explores how new computer-directed technologies affect skilled-abor processes. The extent of corporate organizations' embeddedness in institutional environments that prescribe a deskilling/managerial-control program as the most rational is argued to constrain management's capacity to implement the types of shop-floor programs required for optimal production outcomes. Corporations extremely dependent for vital resources and markets up…

  • The Technological Foundations of Task-Coordinating Structures in New Work Organizations: Theoretical Notes from the Case of Abdominal Surgery

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Work and Occupations•1998•Cited by: 2•References: 43

    The significance of the movement to decentralize workplace authority is hotly debated. Drawing from a case study of the impact of video technology on surgical work, this article provides conceptual clarity to the debate by specifying the technological determinants of two distinct task-coordinating structures found in decentralized work units. The first involves unilateral control by the dominant actor in the work team. It is effective when tasks …

  • Innovation, professional identity, and generational divides in medicine: The case of gynecologic laparoscopy in the USA

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2020•Cited by: 1•References: 56

  • Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism

    James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of American History•2002•Cited by: 1

    The 1930s represents, for many, a heroic period where workers set aside their differences and mobilized collectively into unions to confront management's control. This view has led us to ignore interest divisions among workers and their importance in shaping union outcomes. In Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism, James D. Rose challenges this conventional view and develops a fascinating account of the forces that led to unionization at U.S. S…

  • Beyond Method: Strategies for Social Research

    James Zetka, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1985

  • Restructuring the Automobile Industry: A Study of Firms and States in Modern Capitalism

    James R Zetka, Dennis P Quinn•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1991

  • Automated Technologies, Institutional Environments, and Skilled Labor Processes: Toward an Institutional Theory of Automation Outcomes

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Sociological Quarterly•1991•Cited by: 3•References: 23

    This article explores how new computer-directed technologies affect skilled-abor processes. The extent of corporate organizations' embeddedness in institutional environments that prescribe a deskilling/managerial-control program as the most rational is argued to constrain management's capacity to implement the types of shop-floor programs required for optimal production outcomes. Corporations extremely dependent for vital resources and markets up…

  • Work Organization and Wildcat Strikes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1963

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•American Sociological Review•1992•Cited by: 15•References: 10

    After World War II, U.S. auto workers waged wildcat strikes within an institutional structure that outlawed such strikes and mobilized considerable resources to crush them. I specify and test a theory that locates the source of these wildcat strikes in a distinctive type of labor process. This labor process forced workers to coordinate their moment-by-moment activities to accomplish immediate work tasks. It generated group-level commitment to com…

  • Mass-Production Automation and Work-Group Solidarity in the Post-World War II Automobile Industry

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Work and Occupations•1992•References: 11

    Did mass-production automation trigger a decline in shop-floor militancy in the post-World War II period? Was it responsible for deskilling and atomizing once militant occupation groups? Drawing on a rich array of archival and interview evidence, this article addresses these questions by tracing the impact of automation on the most militant work groups in the American automobile industry. These were the work groups who performed stamping, body-bu…

  • Organizations, Uncertainties, and Risk

    James R Zetka, Lee Clarke•REVIEW•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1993

  • A Qualitative Protocol for Studying Technological Change in the Labor Process

    Open Access•James R Zetka, John P Walsh•ARTICLE•Bulletin of Sociological…•1994•Cited by: 4•References: 14

    Une approche qualitative pour l'étude de l'impact des changements technologiques sur les lieux de travail. Cet article Illustre et défend la logique d'une approche qualitative pour l'étude de l'impact des changements technologiques sur les lieux de travail. La première partie traite de l'utilisation de la méthode de l'étude des cas pour mettre au jour les ordres normatifs qui façonnent les réactions aux innovations technologiques. Dans la deuxièm…

  • Power in the Workplace: The Politics of Production at ATT

    James Zetka, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1994

  • Union Homogenization and the Organizational Foundations of Plantwide Militancy in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1959-1979

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1995

  • Union Homogenization and the Organizational Foundations of Plantwide Militancy in the U.S. Automobile Industry 1959-1979

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1995•References: 5

    The industrial relations context in U.S. automobile plants changed significantly by 1959. Union locals became more occupationally homogeneous, and the bureaucratic grievance structure functioned more effectively as a restlt. Yet, unauthorized strikes continued, albeit less frequently, and their nature was transformed. Rather than the occupationally specific xvildcats of the 1940s and 1950s, the unauthorized strikes occurring in the 1960s and 1970…

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973

    Steve Babson, James R Zetka Jr et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of American History•1995

    Journal Article Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973. By James R. Zetkajr. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995. xxviii, 293 pp. Cloth, $57.50, ISBN 0-7914-2065-5. Paper, $18.95, ISBN 0-7914-2066-3.) Get access Steve Babson Steve Babson Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academ…

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle Over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973

    Judith Stepan-Norris, Judith Stepan‐norri et al.•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1996

  • The CIO, 1935-1955

    James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1996

  • Bureaucratic Strikes and the Rationalization of Factory Conflict: The Case of the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1962-1979

    James R Zetka, Jr James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Social Problems•1996

    Journal Article Bureaucratic Strikes and the Rationalization of Factory Conflict: The Case of the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1962-1979 Get access James R. Zetka, Jr. James R. Zetka, Jr. State University of New York at Albany Direct all correspondence to Jim Zetka, Department of Sociology, SUNY-Albany, 1200 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Problems, Volume 43, …

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946 to 1973

    Michael Schwartz, James R Zetka Jr et al.•ARTICLE•Social Forces•1996

  • Mobilizing labor on symbolic fronts

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Qualitative Sociology•1996

  • Militancy, Market Dynamics, and Workplace Authority: The Struggle over Labor Process Outcomes in the U.S. Automobile Industry, 1946-1973

    Beth A Rubin, James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Industrial and Labor Relations…•1997

  • The Technological Foundations of Task-Coordinating Structures in New Work Organizations: Theoretical Notes from the Case of Abdominal Surgery

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Work and Occupations•1998•Cited by: 2•References: 43

    The significance of the movement to decentralize workplace authority is hotly debated. Drawing from a case study of the impact of video technology on surgical work, this article provides conceptual clarity to the debate by specifying the technological determinants of two distinct task-coordinating structures found in decentralized work units. The first involves unilateral control by the dominant actor in the work team. It is effective when tasks …

  • Post-Work: The Wages of Cybernation

    James R Zetka, Stanley Aronowitz et al.•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•1999

    In Post-Work, Stanley Aronowitz and Jonathan Cutler have collected essays from a variety of scholars to discuss the dreary future of work. The introduction, The Post-Work Manifesto,, provides the framework for a radical reappraisal of work and suggests an alternative organization of labor. The provocative essays that follow focus on specific issues that are key to our reconceptualization of the notion and practice of work, with coverage of the fi…

  • Occupational Divisions of Labor and Their Technology Politics: The Case of Surgical Scopes and Gastrointestinal Medicine

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Forces•2001•Cited by: 22

    Through a case analysis of how medicine's intra-occupational division of labor responded to the development of gastrointestinal endoscopy, this article sheds light on how occupational divisions of labor respond to technological innovation. The article proposes that innovations are introduced into such structures in ways consistent with the cultural scripts that regulate relations and workflows between occupations functional segments. However, the…

  • Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism

    James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of American History•2002•Cited by: 1

    The 1930s represents, for many, a heroic period where workers set aside their differences and mobilized collectively into unions to confront management's control. This view has led us to ignore interest divisions among workers and their importance in shaping union outcomes. In Duquesne and the Rise of Steel Unionism, James D. Rose challenges this conventional view and develops a fascinating account of the forces that led to unionization at U.S. S…

  • The Genesis of the Naval Profession

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Contemporary Sociology A Journal…•2008•Cited by: 4

  • Radical Logics and Their Carriers In Medicine: The Case of Psychopathology and American Obstetricians and Gynecologists

    James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Social Problems•2008•Cited by: 6•References: 104

    Through an historical case study, this article addresses how and why physicians carry radical logics into medicine. The radical logic of focus is psychopathology. Obstetrics and gynecology was one of the very first specialties outside of psychiatry to incorporate this logic into its work culture. Employing a core-skill conflict perspective, this article shows that obstetricians and gynecologists' failure to “deliver the goods” promised in their c…

  • The Making of the 'Women's Physician' in American Obstetrics and Gynecology: Re-Forging an Occupational Identity and a Division of Labor

    Open Access•James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Journal of Health and Social…•2008•Cited by: 4•References: 50

    After struggling as a surgical specialty, obstetrics and gynecology initiated its 'women's physician' program in the 1970s. This program officially defined the mostly male obstetricians and gynecologists at that time as women's primary care physicians. Using archival data, this article explains this development as a response to the specialty's dishonored position within the medical division of labor. Whatever else it was intended to be, the women…

  • Establishing specialty jurisdictions in medicine: The case of American obstetrics and gynaecology

    Open Access•James R Zetka Jr, James R Zetka•ARTICLE•Sociology of Health & Illness•2011•Cited by: 12•References: 43

    The profession of medicine has evolved into an extremely specialised occupation. Yet, recent research has neglected the intra-occupational processes influencing medical specialisation. This article aims to correct this oversight. It develops an historical account of intra-occupational factors influencing the decision to establish gynaecologic oncology as American ob/gyn's surgical subspecialty in 1972. Working within the framework initially devel…

Political science (18 works) · Economics (15 works) · Sociology (15 works) · Engineering (12 works) · Business (10 works) · Computer Science (9 works) · Law (8 works) · Automotive industry (7 works) · American History and Culture (6 works) · Labor Movements and Unions (6 works)

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