Jennifer Varriale Carson
Biographic Data
| ID | 363491 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jennifer Varriale Carson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jennifer Varriale |
| FAMILY NAME | Carson |
| SIGNATURE | CARSON J V |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Central Missouri |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1263-9605 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 8 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 12 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 8 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The Influence of Covid-19 Restrictions and Rhetoric in the U.S
Xenophobic extremism directed towards Asian persons, as operationalized in a multitude of ways, was found to be especially heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic. The emotion-threat and emboldenment frameworks suggest that such extremism may have been the result of pandemic-related restrictions and rhetoric, which led to an increase in negative emotions directed toward the “outgroup,” as further defined by political leaders. Informed by these pe…
The Role of Ideology in Terrorist Attack Intentions and Outcomes
This study seeks to investigate whether ideological elements, namely that of audience and othering, are related to attack-level objectives and effects. Prior research has established a strong connection between ideological subscription and violent attack outcomes, but few studies have sought to examine the full spectrum of ideologies. Moreover, little empirical attention has been given to examining how ideological affiliation may correlate with v…
Implicit Bias Within Public Reporting
Campaigns like that of the Department of Homeland Security’s “See Something, Say Something” are intended to increase public reporting of “terrorism-related behaviors.” Yet given prior research on whom the general public considers to be a terrorist, it is likely these types of programs are instead affected by pejorative automatic associations. With this in mind, we inquire: Does implicit bias affect public reporting within a suspicious activity sc…
The radicalization of the Kanes
The extant literature speaks to the complexity involved in terrorist radicalization, yet has been unduly focused on jihadists. This is especially problematic given that other ideologically motivated movements have demonstrated a larger threat to the US homeland, like that of right-wing extremists. In addition, few US-based studies have focused on the role that one potentially important factor may have in these processes: that of the family. We se…
Assessing the Effectiveness of High‐Profile Targeted Killings in the “War on Terror”
Research Summary Since the attacks of September 11, 2001, and the ensuing “war on terrorism,” the U.S. government has engaged in a series of controversial counterterrorism policies. Perhaps none is more so than the use of targeted killings aimed at eliminating the senior leadership of the global jihadist movement. Nevertheless, prior research has yet to establish that this type of tactic is effective, even among high‐profile targets. Employing a …
Lone wolf terrorism
Overall, there exists a deficit of empirical research on lone wolf terrorism outside a Western operational environment, quantitative research on the global jihadist movement, and, in particular, studies that examine both elements. This research attempts to fill this gap by giving a basic, descriptive overview of what lone wolf terrorism looked like in Afghanistan from 1997 to 2013 and examining whether it is more problematic than other forms
Terrorism Outside the Proverbial Vacuum
Prior research has found that terrorists are not susceptible to certain and severe countermeasures. One possibility is that, instead, deterrence is relative. Based on this premise and inspired by situational action theory’s conceptualization of the “moral context,” this research proposes that there are circumstances that influence both moral norms and their enforcement. We hypothesize that one set of circumstances is that of high profile terroris…
Terrorist and Non-Terrorist Criminal Attacks by Radical Environmental and Animal Rights Groups in the United States, 1970-2007
Despite concerns about the growing threat posed by domestic radical environmental and animal rights groups to the United States, there has been little systematic quantitative evidence depicting the characteristics of their attacks over time. In this paper we analyze data on 1,069 criminal incidents perpetrated by environmental and animal rights extremists from 1970 to 2007. Based on the Global Terrorism Database's definition of terrorism, we clas…
Terrorist and Non-Terrorist Criminal Attacks by Radical Environmental and Animal Rights Groups in the United States, 1970-2007
Despite concerns about the growing threat posed by domestic radical environmental and animal rights groups to the United States, there has been little systematic quantitative evidence depicting the characteristics of their attacks over time. In this paper we analyze data on 1,069 criminal incidents perpetrated by environmental and animal rights extremists from 1970 to 2007. Based on the Global Terrorism Database's definition of terrorism, we clas…
Assessing the Effectiveness of High‐Profile Targeted Killings in the “War on Terror”
Research Summary Since the attacks of September 11, 2001, and the ensuing “war on terrorism,” the U.S. government has engaged in a series of controversial counterterrorism policies. Perhaps none is more so than the use of targeted killings aimed at eliminating the senior leadership of the global jihadist movement. Nevertheless, prior research has yet to establish that this type of tactic is effective, even among high‐profile targets. Employing a …
The radicalization of the Kanes
The extant literature speaks to the complexity involved in terrorist radicalization, yet has been unduly focused on jihadists. This is especially problematic given that other ideologically motivated movements have demonstrated a larger threat to the US homeland, like that of right-wing extremists. In addition, few US-based studies have focused on the role that one potentially important factor may have in these processes: that of the family. We se…
Terrorist and Non-Terrorist Criminal Attacks by Radical Environmental and Animal Rights Groups in the United States, 1970-2007
Despite concerns about the growing threat posed by domestic radical environmental and animal rights groups to the United States, there has been little systematic quantitative evidence depicting the characteristics of their attacks over time. In this paper we analyze data on 1,069 criminal incidents perpetrated by environmental and animal rights extremists from 1970 to 2007. Based on the Global Terrorism Database's definition of terrorism, we clas…
Lone wolf terrorism
Overall, there exists a deficit of empirical research on lone wolf terrorism outside a Western operational environment, quantitative research on the global jihadist movement, and, in particular, studies that examine both elements. This research attempts to fill this gap by giving a basic, descriptive overview of what lone wolf terrorism looked like in Afghanistan from 1997 to 2013 and examining whether it is more problematic than other forms
Terrorism Outside the Proverbial Vacuum
Prior research has found that terrorists are not susceptible to certain and severe countermeasures. One possibility is that, instead, deterrence is relative. Based on this premise and inspired by situational action theory’s conceptualization of the “moral context,” this research proposes that there are circumstances that influence both moral norms and their enforcement. We hypothesize that one set of circumstances is that of high profile terroris…
Assessing the Effectiveness of High‐Profile Targeted Killings in the “War on Terror”
Research Summary Since the attacks of September 11, 2001, and the ensuing “war on terrorism,” the U.S. government has engaged in a series of controversial counterterrorism policies. Perhaps none is more so than the use of targeted killings aimed at eliminating the senior leadership of the global jihadist movement. Nevertheless, prior research has yet to establish that this type of tactic is effective, even among high‐profile targets. Employing a …
The radicalization of the Kanes
The extant literature speaks to the complexity involved in terrorist radicalization, yet has been unduly focused on jihadists. This is especially problematic given that other ideologically motivated movements have demonstrated a larger threat to the US homeland, like that of right-wing extremists. In addition, few US-based studies have focused on the role that one potentially important factor may have in these processes: that of the family. We se…
Implicit Bias Within Public Reporting
Campaigns like that of the Department of Homeland Security’s “See Something, Say Something” are intended to increase public reporting of “terrorism-related behaviors.” Yet given prior research on whom the general public considers to be a terrorist, it is likely these types of programs are instead affected by pejorative automatic associations. With this in mind, we inquire: Does implicit bias affect public reporting within a suspicious activity sc…
The Role of Ideology in Terrorist Attack Intentions and Outcomes
This study seeks to investigate whether ideological elements, namely that of audience and othering, are related to attack-level objectives and effects. Prior research has established a strong connection between ideological subscription and violent attack outcomes, but few studies have sought to examine the full spectrum of ideologies. Moreover, little empirical attention has been given to examining how ideological affiliation may correlate with v…
The Influence of Covid-19 Restrictions and Rhetoric in the U.S
Xenophobic extremism directed towards Asian persons, as operationalized in a multitude of ways, was found to be especially heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic. The emotion-threat and emboldenment frameworks suggest that such extremism may have been the result of pandemic-related restrictions and rhetoric, which led to an increase in negative emotions directed toward the “outgroup,” as further defined by political leaders. Informed by these pe…
Political science (8 works) · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence (8 works) · Criminology (7 works) · Law (7 works) · Psychology (7 works) · Terrorism (7 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (5 works) · Sociology (5 works) · Law (4 works) · Social Psychology (4 works)