Jay D Aronson
Biographic Data
| ID | 3652168 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jay D Aronson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jay D |
| FAMILY NAME | Aronson |
| SIGNATURE | ARONSON J D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Carnegie Mellon University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 25 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 13 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Human Rights and Technology
This review surveys contemporary challenges in the field of technology and human rights. The increased use of artificial intelligence (AI) in decision making in the public and private sectors—e.g., in criminal justice, employment, public service, and financial contexts—poses significant threats to human rights. AI obscures and attenuates responsibility for harms in ways that undermine traditional mechanisms for holding wrongdoers accountable. Fur…
Technology and Transitional Justice
Journal Article Books Received Get access International Journal of Transitional Justice, Volume 13, Issue 1, March 2019, Pages 196–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijtj/ijy031 Published: 23 January 2019
Reconstructing Human Rights Violations Using Large Eyewitness Video Collections
The widespread availability of mobile phones with high quality cameras means that events around the world can be live streamed or captured on video and rapidly shared via social media. Because this video is multi-perspectival, it can tell the story of an event from many different vantage points, providing a synthetic and composite form of documentation that has the potential to enrich our understanding of events of interest. While video has the p…
Computer Vision and Machine Learning for Human Rights Video Analysis
Citizen video and other publicly available footage can provide evidence of human rights violations and war crimes. The ubiquity of visual data, however, may overwhelm those faced with preserving and analyzing it. This article examines how machine learning and computer vision can be used to make sense of large volumes of video in advocacy and accountability contexts. These technologies can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of human rights a…
Preserving Human Rights Media for Justice, Accountability, and Historical Clarification
This article examines the preservation of digital images and video (and the social media or Internet pages in which they are embedded) that provide information about human rights abuses and war crimes. Archival collections have played a crucial role in historical clarification and justice and accountability efforts in the aftermath of human rights abuse and war crimes. The ubiquity of smart phones with good cameras and social media has dramatical…
Forensic Genetic Databases
The Strengths and Limitations of South Africa's Search for Apartheid-Era Missing Persons
This article examines efforts to account for missing persons from the apartheid era in South Africa by family members, civil society organizations and the current government's Missing Persons Task Team, which emerged out of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission process. It focuses on how missing persons have been officially defined in the South African context and the extent to which the South African government is able to address the current n…
The Law's Use of Brain Evidence
This review examines how advances in neuroscience are affecting civil law, criminal law, and law enforcement. Brain imaging techniques have already been used to detect brain injury, assess pain, and determine mental state and capacity for rational thought. There is also much excitement about using neuroimaging to detect lies and deception in legal and national security contexts. Despite claims of neuroimaging's revolutionary nature, numerous ques…
Science and the Death Penalty
The death penalty debate in the United States has recently undergone a fundamental shift. The possibility of executing the innocent has emerged as some abolitionists' most salient argument, displacing debates over such issues as fairness, deterrence, and cost. Innocence has managed to move to the fore of the debate in part because of the success of death penalty opponents in attaching epistemological certainty to one particular category of postco…
Creating the Network and the Actors
Brain imaging, culpability and the juvenile death penalty
In Roper v. Simmons (2005), the U.S. Supreme Court banned the death penalty for offenders under the age of 18 years. Central to Simmons's defense was new brain imaging evidence suggesting that the regions of the brain responsible for decision making and impulse control are not as well developed in adolescents as in adults, thereby rendering adolescents less culpable for the crimes they commit. Although these images were not explicitly cited in th…
An Old Custom, a New Threat to Tobacco Control
We applaud Lewis and Wackowski’s review of the tobacco industry’s trend toward more aggressive marketing of flavored cigarette brands.1 This article’s appearance in the same issue that highlighted the value of history to public health is timely, because flavored tobacco is becoming popular among young people by way of a very old smoking device: the hookah. Originally from the Indian subcontinent, hookahs have been common in the Arab world for alm…
Molecules and monkeys
The Strengths and Limitations of South Africa's Search for Apartheid-Era Missing Persons
This article examines efforts to account for missing persons from the apartheid era in South Africa by family members, civil society organizations and the current government's Missing Persons Task Team, which emerged out of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission process. It focuses on how missing persons have been officially defined in the South African context and the extent to which the South African government is able to address the current n…
Computer Vision and Machine Learning for Human Rights Video Analysis
Citizen video and other publicly available footage can provide evidence of human rights violations and war crimes. The ubiquity of visual data, however, may overwhelm those faced with preserving and analyzing it. This article examines how machine learning and computer vision can be used to make sense of large volumes of video in advocacy and accountability contexts. These technologies can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of human rights a…
Molecules and monkeys
Technology and Transitional Justice
Journal Article Books Received Get access International Journal of Transitional Justice, Volume 13, Issue 1, March 2019, Pages 196–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijtj/ijy031 Published: 23 January 2019
Brain imaging, culpability and the juvenile death penalty
In Roper v. Simmons (2005), the U.S. Supreme Court banned the death penalty for offenders under the age of 18 years. Central to Simmons's defense was new brain imaging evidence suggesting that the regions of the brain responsible for decision making and impulse control are not as well developed in adolescents as in adults, thereby rendering adolescents less culpable for the crimes they commit. Although these images were not explicitly cited in th…
Preserving Human Rights Media for Justice, Accountability, and Historical Clarification
This article examines the preservation of digital images and video (and the social media or Internet pages in which they are embedded) that provide information about human rights abuses and war crimes. Archival collections have played a crucial role in historical clarification and justice and accountability efforts in the aftermath of human rights abuse and war crimes. The ubiquity of smart phones with good cameras and social media has dramatical…
Science and the Death Penalty
The death penalty debate in the United States has recently undergone a fundamental shift. The possibility of executing the innocent has emerged as some abolitionists' most salient argument, displacing debates over such issues as fairness, deterrence, and cost. Innocence has managed to move to the fore of the debate in part because of the success of death penalty opponents in attaching epistemological certainty to one particular category of postco…
Reconstructing Human Rights Violations Using Large Eyewitness Video Collections
The widespread availability of mobile phones with high quality cameras means that events around the world can be live streamed or captured on video and rapidly shared via social media. Because this video is multi-perspectival, it can tell the story of an event from many different vantage points, providing a synthetic and composite form of documentation that has the potential to enrich our understanding of events of interest. While video has the p…
Molecules and monkeys
An Old Custom, a New Threat to Tobacco Control
We applaud Lewis and Wackowski’s review of the tobacco industry’s trend toward more aggressive marketing of flavored cigarette brands.1 This article’s appearance in the same issue that highlighted the value of history to public health is timely, because flavored tobacco is becoming popular among young people by way of a very old smoking device: the hookah. Originally from the Indian subcontinent, hookahs have been common in the Arab world for alm…
Brain imaging, culpability and the juvenile death penalty
In Roper v. Simmons (2005), the U.S. Supreme Court banned the death penalty for offenders under the age of 18 years. Central to Simmons's defense was new brain imaging evidence suggesting that the regions of the brain responsible for decision making and impulse control are not as well developed in adolescents as in adults, thereby rendering adolescents less culpable for the crimes they commit. Although these images were not explicitly cited in th…
Creating the Network and the Actors
Science and the Death Penalty
The death penalty debate in the United States has recently undergone a fundamental shift. The possibility of executing the innocent has emerged as some abolitionists' most salient argument, displacing debates over such issues as fairness, deterrence, and cost. Innocence has managed to move to the fore of the debate in part because of the success of death penalty opponents in attaching epistemological certainty to one particular category of postco…
The Law's Use of Brain Evidence
This review examines how advances in neuroscience are affecting civil law, criminal law, and law enforcement. Brain imaging techniques have already been used to detect brain injury, assess pain, and determine mental state and capacity for rational thought. There is also much excitement about using neuroimaging to detect lies and deception in legal and national security contexts. Despite claims of neuroimaging's revolutionary nature, numerous ques…
The Strengths and Limitations of South Africa's Search for Apartheid-Era Missing Persons
This article examines efforts to account for missing persons from the apartheid era in South Africa by family members, civil society organizations and the current government's Missing Persons Task Team, which emerged out of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission process. It focuses on how missing persons have been officially defined in the South African context and the extent to which the South African government is able to address the current n…
Forensic Genetic Databases
Preserving Human Rights Media for Justice, Accountability, and Historical Clarification
This article examines the preservation of digital images and video (and the social media or Internet pages in which they are embedded) that provide information about human rights abuses and war crimes. Archival collections have played a crucial role in historical clarification and justice and accountability efforts in the aftermath of human rights abuse and war crimes. The ubiquity of smart phones with good cameras and social media has dramatical…
Reconstructing Human Rights Violations Using Large Eyewitness Video Collections
The widespread availability of mobile phones with high quality cameras means that events around the world can be live streamed or captured on video and rapidly shared via social media. Because this video is multi-perspectival, it can tell the story of an event from many different vantage points, providing a synthetic and composite form of documentation that has the potential to enrich our understanding of events of interest. While video has the p…
Computer Vision and Machine Learning for Human Rights Video Analysis
Citizen video and other publicly available footage can provide evidence of human rights violations and war crimes. The ubiquity of visual data, however, may overwhelm those faced with preserving and analyzing it. This article examines how machine learning and computer vision can be used to make sense of large volumes of video in advocacy and accountability contexts. These technologies can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of human rights a…
Technology and Transitional Justice
Journal Article Books Received Get access International Journal of Transitional Justice, Volume 13, Issue 1, March 2019, Pages 196–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijtj/ijy031 Published: 23 January 2019
Human Rights and Technology
This review surveys contemporary challenges in the field of technology and human rights. The increased use of artificial intelligence (AI) in decision making in the public and private sectors—e.g., in criminal justice, employment, public service, and financial contexts—poses significant threats to human rights. AI obscures and attenuates responsibility for harms in ways that undermine traditional mechanisms for holding wrongdoers accountable. Fur…
Computer Science (7 works) · Political science (7 works) · Law (5 works) · Law (5 works) · Sociology (4 works) · Biology (3 works) · Criminology (3 works) · Psychology (3 works) · Accountability (2 works) · Context (archaeology (2 works)