Jan‐eric Gustafsson
Biographic Data
| ID | 3655591 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jan‐eric Gustafsson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jan‐eric |
| FAMILY NAME | Gustafsson |
| SIGNATURE | GUSTAFSSON J E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Gothenburg |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2612-0329 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 38 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1979 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Developing a basic eligibility test for tertiary education – Conceptual and methodological challenges
The article discusses the recent development of a national basic eligibility test for tertiary education in Sweden. The test is aimed for individuals who, for various reasons, lack documented eligibility. The lower age limit for the test is 24, and only one cut-score is provided, for a Pass. The construct, as well as the collaborative test development process, including active participation of test-takers, are described. Furthermore, the structur…
Big-fish–little-pond effects on ninth-grade students’ mathematics and language self-concepts: The moderating role of cognitive ability
How does school composition mitigate socioeconomic and ethnic gaps in students’ achievement in Sweden: A long-term trend between 1988 and 2020
This study examines the development of educational equity and school segregation in Sweden over the past three decades. It further explores whether and how school socioeconomic and ethnic compositions influence educational equity over time. Educational equity is assessed through the relationship between students’ family socioeconomic and ethnic backgrounds and their academic outcomes, while school segregation is evaluated based on between-school …
A critical review and meta-analysis of studies investigating the effects of the professional development teachers typically receive
Relations between students’ well-being and academic achievement: Evidence from Swedish compulsory school
The study aimed to investigate students’ psychological, cognitive, and social well-being in 6th Grade and the relations to academic achievement in compulsory school, as measured by grades in 9th Grade. Due to reports from Swedish authorities and research, students’ self-reported well-being has decreased during the last decade. Data from the Swedish longitudinal project Evaluation Through Follow-up was analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis an…
Does socioeconomic sorting of teacher qualifications exacerbate mathematics achievement inequity? Panel data estimates from 20 years of TIMSS
Recent and older studies have reported either a persistence or a widening of the socioeconomic achievement gap—the difference in performance between students in top and bottom socioeconomic groups. Using a panel data technique with country fixed effects for 32 education systems and six waves of data from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, we examine whether the sorting of teachers by specialization level in mathematics edu…
How effective is the professional development in which teachers typically participate? Quasi-experimental analyses of effects on student achievement based on TIMSS 2003–2019
This study examines the effect of teachers’ participation in mathematics and science professional development (PD) on student achievement in nationally representative settings. We use data from all OECD countries in the 2003 through 2019 cycles of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and apply student fixed effects to control for unobserved student characteristics and school quality. We find a small negative average e…
App-based morphological training produces lasting effects on word knowledge in primary school children: A randomized controlled trial
Vocabulary, knowledge of word meanings, is essential for comprehension and production of oral and written language. It is, however, an unconstrained skill that covers a vast content area. This makes explicit teaching of every single word in a language an impossible task. Additionally, teaching the meanings of specific words is unlikely to provide transfer of knowledge to other words. We need to target knowledge and skills that are generalizable. …
Do teacher talk features mediate the effects of shared reading on preschool children's second-language development
This study examined whether a shared reading intervention in preschools serving multilingual populations in Norway had effects on teacher talk quality and whether these effects mediated child second-language outcomes. Four hundred sixty-four children aged 3–5 years participated. They attended 123 classrooms that were randomly assigned to a shared-reading intervention condition or a comparison condition. The children's second-language vocabulary a…
Effectiveness of a Classroom‐Implemented, App‐Based Morphology Program for Language‐Minority Students: Examining Latent Language‐Literacy Profiles and Contextual Factors as Moderators
Language‐minority students constitute a heterogeneous group, both in terms of skills in the majority language and contextual factors, such as language use at home and socioeconomic status. These characteristics may interact with the effectiveness of language instruction programs. This study investigated whether the effectiveness of a digital morphology program conducted in mainstream classrooms differed between Norwegian second‐grade language‐min…
Shared Book Reading in Preschool Supports Bilingual Children’s Second-Language Learning: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
This cluster-randomized controlled study examined dual language learners (DLLs) in Norway who received a book-based language intervention program. About 464 DLLs aged 3–5 years in 123 early childhood classrooms participated in the study. The children were acquiring Norwegian as their second language in preschool and spoke a variety of first languages at home. They received a researcher-developed intervention that was organized around loosely scri…
School characteristics moderating the relation between student socio-economic status and mathematics achievement in grade 8. Evidence from 50 countries in TIMSS 2011
Special needs education and school mobility: School outcomes for children placed and not placed in out-of-home care
Recognition of education and schooling in case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care
Childhood IQ and mortality during 53 years’ follow-up of Swedish men and women
BACKGROUND: The association between childhood cognitive ability measured with IQ tests and mortality is well documented. However, studies on the association in women are few and conflicting, and the mechanisms underlying the association are unclear. METHODS: Data on IQ were collected at school at age 13 among 19 919 men and women born in 1948 and 1953. Information on childhood socioeconomic position, the participants' socioeconomic and social cir…
Beyond Dichotomies: Competence Viewed as a Continuum
In this paper, the state of research on the assessment of competencies in higher education is reviewed. Fundamental conceptual and methodological issues are clarified by showing that current controversies are built on misleading dichotomies. By systematically sketching conceptual controversies, competing competence definitions are unpacked (analytic/trait vs. holistic/real-world performance) and commonplaces are identified. Disagreements are also…
Sentence repetition is a measure of children's language skills rather than working memory limitations
Sentence repetition tasks are widely used in the diagnosis and assessment of children with language difficulties. This paper seeks to clarify the nature of sentence repetition tasks and their relationship to other language skills. We present the results from a 2‐year longitudinal study of 216 children. Children were assessed on measures of sentence repetition, vocabulary knowledge and grammatical skills three times at approximately yearly interva…
From inspection to quality: Ways in which school inspection influences change in schools
IQ and alcohol-related morbidity and mortality among Swedish men and women: The importance of socioeconomic position
There was an inverse, graded association between IQ and alcohol-related disease and death, which at least partially was mediated by social position as an adult. For alcohol-related death, complete mediation by socioeconomic position as an adult was found. Gender does not moderate this association. The role of socioeconomic position may differ between the genders
Inspections of Swedish schools: A critical reflection on intended effects, causal mechanisms and methods
The article outlines a programme theory for the Swedish school inspection. The theory has a format of ‘if ... then ... because’, whereby the last term states one or more generative mechanisms behind the reactions to inspection, and the former terms imply what the inspectorate does and which reactions it receives. The assumptions of the theory are tested regarding their precision of definition, consistency and empirical status. No research has as …
The influence of fluid and crystallized intelligence on the development of knowledge and skills
BackgroundCattell's Gf-Gc distinction is quite generally recognized. However, the developmental part of the Gf-Gc theory of intelligence has not gained the same recognition. Results are inconsistent, but recent discussions emphasize the importance of homogeneity of samples with regard to education and language when investigating the developmental Investment theory.AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Gf and Gc on the deve…
A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between changes in socio-economic status and changes in health
General and Specific Abilities as Predictors of School Achievement
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between aptitude variables and school achievement using a model of ability which allows simultaneous identification of general and specific abilities. A battery of 16 aptitude tests was administered in the 6th grade and course grades were collected in 17 different subject matter areas in the 9th grade (N = 866). For the aptitude tests a confirmatory factor model is fitted with a general fa…
Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Reliability: Testing Measurement Model Assumptions
This paper demonstrates the use of confirmatory factor analysis by LISREL as an assumption-testing method when computing reliability coefficients. Formulae based on the LISREL estimates are presented for computing the coefficients under different measurement model assumptions. According to the empirical results, the reliability estimates obtained under the assumption of a well-fitting congeneric model were slightly higher than those obtained unde…
The Relevance of Factor Analysis for the Study of Group Differences
(1992). The Relevance of Factor Analysis for the Study of Group Differences. Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 239-247
A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between changes in socio-economic status and changes in health
The influence of fluid and crystallized intelligence on the development of knowledge and skills
BackgroundCattell's Gf-Gc distinction is quite generally recognized. However, the developmental part of the Gf-Gc theory of intelligence has not gained the same recognition. Results are inconsistent, but recent discussions emphasize the importance of homogeneity of samples with regard to education and language when investigating the developmental Investment theory.AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Gf and Gc on the deve…
Do teacher talk features mediate the effects of shared reading on preschool children's second-language development
This study examined whether a shared reading intervention in preschools serving multilingual populations in Norway had effects on teacher talk quality and whether these effects mediated child second-language outcomes. Four hundred sixty-four children aged 3–5 years participated. They attended 123 classrooms that were randomly assigned to a shared-reading intervention condition or a comparison condition. The children's second-language vocabulary a…
Inspections of Swedish schools: A critical reflection on intended effects, causal mechanisms and methods
The article outlines a programme theory for the Swedish school inspection. The theory has a format of ‘if ... then ... because’, whereby the last term states one or more generative mechanisms behind the reactions to inspection, and the former terms imply what the inspectorate does and which reactions it receives. The assumptions of the theory are tested regarding their precision of definition, consistency and empirical status. No research has as …
Recognition of education and schooling in case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care
IQ and alcohol-related morbidity and mortality among Swedish men and women: The importance of socioeconomic position
There was an inverse, graded association between IQ and alcohol-related disease and death, which at least partially was mediated by social position as an adult. For alcohol-related death, complete mediation by socioeconomic position as an adult was found. Gender does not moderate this association. The role of socioeconomic position may differ between the genders
How effective is the professional development in which teachers typically participate? Quasi-experimental analyses of effects on student achievement based on TIMSS 2003–2019
This study examines the effect of teachers’ participation in mathematics and science professional development (PD) on student achievement in nationally representative settings. We use data from all OECD countries in the 2003 through 2019 cycles of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and apply student fixed effects to control for unobserved student characteristics and school quality. We find a small negative average e…
Childhood IQ and mortality during 53 years’ follow-up of Swedish men and women
BACKGROUND: The association between childhood cognitive ability measured with IQ tests and mortality is well documented. However, studies on the association in women are few and conflicting, and the mechanisms underlying the association are unclear. METHODS: Data on IQ were collected at school at age 13 among 19 919 men and women born in 1948 and 1953. Information on childhood socioeconomic position, the participants' socioeconomic and social cir…
Attitudes Towards the School, the Teacher, and Classmates at the Class and Individual Level
S ummary . The responses of the pupils in 60 6th grade classes to a 40‐item questionnaire assessing attitudes towards the school, the teacher, and the classmates are factor analysed at two levels of aggregation, classes and pupils‐within‐classes. The same factors were found at both levels but they accounted for different amounts of variance: at the class level factors reflecting attitudes towards the teacher and characteristics of the class as a …
Attitudes Towards the School, the Teacher, and Classmates at the Class and Individual Level
S ummary . The responses of the pupils in 60 6th grade classes to a 40‐item questionnaire assessing attitudes towards the school, the teacher, and the classmates are factor analysed at two levels of aggregation, classes and pupils‐within‐classes. The same factors were found at both levels but they accounted for different amounts of variance: at the class level factors reflecting attitudes towards the teacher and characteristics of the class as a …
A Solution of the Conditional Estimation Problem for Long Tests in the Rasch Model for Dichotomous Items
Estimation procedures for the item parameters in the Rasch model for dichotomous items are briefly reviewed, and it is concluded that the statistically correct conditional maximum likelihood (CML) method has not been used because of numerical problems. A solution to these problems is presented which allows a rapid computation of the CML estimates also for long tests. It is pointed out that there may be only small differences between the numerical…
The Hierarchical Organization of Cognitive Abilities: Restoring General Intelligence Through the Use of Linear Structural Relations (Lisrel)
While considerable support has been obtained for the distinction, due to Cattell and Horn, between the broad factors fluid intelligence (Gf) and crystallized intelligence (Gc), there is also some evidence that Gf is equivalent to the factor of general intelligence (g). This hypothesis is investigated by using LISREL to specify higher-order models in reanalyses of three sets of psychometric data from subjects 11, 13, and 15 years old, respectively…
Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Reliability: Testing Measurement Model Assumptions
This paper demonstrates the use of confirmatory factor analysis by LISREL as an assumption-testing method when computing reliability coefficients. Formulae based on the LISREL estimates are presented for computing the coefficients under different measurement model assumptions. According to the empirical results, the reliability estimates obtained under the assumption of a well-fitting congeneric model were slightly higher than those obtained unde…
The Relevance of Factor Analysis for the Study of Group Differences
(1992). The Relevance of Factor Analysis for the Study of Group Differences. Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 239-247
The "Spearman Hypothesis" is False
(1992). The 'Spearman Hypothesis' is False. Multivariate Behavioral Research: Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 265-267
General and Specific Abilities as Predictors of School Achievement
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between aptitude variables and school achievement using a model of ability which allows simultaneous identification of general and specific abilities. A battery of 16 aptitude tests was administered in the 6th grade and course grades were collected in 17 different subject matter areas in the 9th grade (N = 866). For the aptitude tests a confirmatory factor model is fitted with a general fa…
A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between changes in socio-economic status and changes in health
Inspections of Swedish schools: A critical reflection on intended effects, causal mechanisms and methods
The article outlines a programme theory for the Swedish school inspection. The theory has a format of ‘if ... then ... because’, whereby the last term states one or more generative mechanisms behind the reactions to inspection, and the former terms imply what the inspectorate does and which reactions it receives. The assumptions of the theory are tested regarding their precision of definition, consistency and empirical status. No research has as …
The influence of fluid and crystallized intelligence on the development of knowledge and skills
BackgroundCattell's Gf-Gc distinction is quite generally recognized. However, the developmental part of the Gf-Gc theory of intelligence has not gained the same recognition. Results are inconsistent, but recent discussions emphasize the importance of homogeneity of samples with regard to education and language when investigating the developmental Investment theory.AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Gf and Gc on the deve…
Beyond Dichotomies: Competence Viewed as a Continuum
In this paper, the state of research on the assessment of competencies in higher education is reviewed. Fundamental conceptual and methodological issues are clarified by showing that current controversies are built on misleading dichotomies. By systematically sketching conceptual controversies, competing competence definitions are unpacked (analytic/trait vs. holistic/real-world performance) and commonplaces are identified. Disagreements are also…
Sentence repetition is a measure of children's language skills rather than working memory limitations
Sentence repetition tasks are widely used in the diagnosis and assessment of children with language difficulties. This paper seeks to clarify the nature of sentence repetition tasks and their relationship to other language skills. We present the results from a 2‐year longitudinal study of 216 children. Children were assessed on measures of sentence repetition, vocabulary knowledge and grammatical skills three times at approximately yearly interva…
From inspection to quality: Ways in which school inspection influences change in schools
IQ and alcohol-related morbidity and mortality among Swedish men and women: The importance of socioeconomic position
There was an inverse, graded association between IQ and alcohol-related disease and death, which at least partially was mediated by social position as an adult. For alcohol-related death, complete mediation by socioeconomic position as an adult was found. Gender does not moderate this association. The role of socioeconomic position may differ between the genders
School characteristics moderating the relation between student socio-economic status and mathematics achievement in grade 8. Evidence from 50 countries in TIMSS 2011
Special needs education and school mobility: School outcomes for children placed and not placed in out-of-home care
Recognition of education and schooling in case files for children and young people placed in out-of-home care
Childhood IQ and mortality during 53 years’ follow-up of Swedish men and women
BACKGROUND: The association between childhood cognitive ability measured with IQ tests and mortality is well documented. However, studies on the association in women are few and conflicting, and the mechanisms underlying the association are unclear. METHODS: Data on IQ were collected at school at age 13 among 19 919 men and women born in 1948 and 1953. Information on childhood socioeconomic position, the participants' socioeconomic and social cir…
Shared Book Reading in Preschool Supports Bilingual Children’s Second-Language Learning: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
This cluster-randomized controlled study examined dual language learners (DLLs) in Norway who received a book-based language intervention program. About 464 DLLs aged 3–5 years in 123 early childhood classrooms participated in the study. The children were acquiring Norwegian as their second language in preschool and spoke a variety of first languages at home. They received a researcher-developed intervention that was organized around loosely scri…
App-based morphological training produces lasting effects on word knowledge in primary school children: A randomized controlled trial
Vocabulary, knowledge of word meanings, is essential for comprehension and production of oral and written language. It is, however, an unconstrained skill that covers a vast content area. This makes explicit teaching of every single word in a language an impossible task. Additionally, teaching the meanings of specific words is unlikely to provide transfer of knowledge to other words. We need to target knowledge and skills that are generalizable. …
Do teacher talk features mediate the effects of shared reading on preschool children's second-language development
This study examined whether a shared reading intervention in preschools serving multilingual populations in Norway had effects on teacher talk quality and whether these effects mediated child second-language outcomes. Four hundred sixty-four children aged 3–5 years participated. They attended 123 classrooms that were randomly assigned to a shared-reading intervention condition or a comparison condition. The children's second-language vocabulary a…
Effectiveness of a Classroom‐Implemented, App‐Based Morphology Program for Language‐Minority Students: Examining Latent Language‐Literacy Profiles and Contextual Factors as Moderators
Language‐minority students constitute a heterogeneous group, both in terms of skills in the majority language and contextual factors, such as language use at home and socioeconomic status. These characteristics may interact with the effectiveness of language instruction programs. This study investigated whether the effectiveness of a digital morphology program conducted in mainstream classrooms differed between Norwegian second‐grade language‐min…
Does socioeconomic sorting of teacher qualifications exacerbate mathematics achievement inequity? Panel data estimates from 20 years of TIMSS
Recent and older studies have reported either a persistence or a widening of the socioeconomic achievement gap—the difference in performance between students in top and bottom socioeconomic groups. Using a panel data technique with country fixed effects for 32 education systems and six waves of data from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, we examine whether the sorting of teachers by specialization level in mathematics edu…
How effective is the professional development in which teachers typically participate? Quasi-experimental analyses of effects on student achievement based on TIMSS 2003–2019
This study examines the effect of teachers’ participation in mathematics and science professional development (PD) on student achievement in nationally representative settings. We use data from all OECD countries in the 2003 through 2019 cycles of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and apply student fixed effects to control for unobserved student characteristics and school quality. We find a small negative average e…
Relations between students’ well-being and academic achievement: Evidence from Swedish compulsory school
The study aimed to investigate students’ psychological, cognitive, and social well-being in 6th Grade and the relations to academic achievement in compulsory school, as measured by grades in 9th Grade. Due to reports from Swedish authorities and research, students’ self-reported well-being has decreased during the last decade. Data from the Swedish longitudinal project Evaluation Through Follow-up was analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis an…
Psychology (24 works) · Developmental psychology (12 works) · Mathematics education (11 works) · Mathematics (10 works) · Statistics (9 works) · Computer Science (8 works) · Medicine (7 works) · Academic achievement (6 works) · Cognition (6 works) · Pedagogy (6 works)